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Ahmed SAA, Gad SEM, Eida OM, Makhlouf LM. Anti-fibrotic Effect of Oral Versus Intraperitoneal Administration of Gold Nanoparticles in Hepatic Schistosoma mansoni-Infected Mice. Acta Parasitol 2024; 69:190-202. [PMID: 37964174 PMCID: PMC11001733 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-023-00730-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis significantly impacts public health, as it causes severe morbidity. Infections caused by Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) can be treated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). This study aims to determine the most effective route of AuNPs administration and the magnitude of its anti-fibrotic effect. METHODS In the five groups' in vivo assay design, AuNPs were administered intraperitoneally (1 mg/kg) and orally (1 mg/100 g) to S. mansoni-infected mice. Biochemical parameters (serum levels of albumin and liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured. The histological changes of the liver in distinct groups were evaluated using Hematoxylin and Eosin, Masson's trichrome, and immunohistochemical stains. RESULTS Infection with S. mansoni was associated with substantial changes in the histological architecture of liver tissue and abnormal levels of hepatic function tests (albumin, AST, and ALT). Schistosoma infected hepatocytes exhibited an abnormal microscopic morphology, granuloma formation and aggressive fibrosis. AuNPs restored the liver histological architecture with a highly significant anti-fibrotic effect and significantly corrected hepatic function test levels. Intraperitoneal administration of AuNPs resulted in the most significant anti-fibrotic effect against hepatic S. mansoni infection as observed in all histological sections with Masson's trichrome being the best stain to represent this fact. CONCLUSION For treating S. mansoni-induced chronic liver fibrosis, intraperitoneal administration of AuNPs is a successful and effective route of administration that can be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samer Eid Mohamed Gad
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Omima Mohamed Eida
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Laila Mohamed Makhlouf
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
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Carvalho L, Sarcinelli M, Patrício B. Nanotechnological approaches in the treatment of schistosomiasis: an overview. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2024; 15:13-25. [PMID: 38213572 PMCID: PMC10777326 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.15.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis causes over 200,000 deaths annually. The current treatment option, praziquantel, presents limitations, including low bioavailability and resistance. In this context, nanoparticles have emerged as a promising option for improving schistosomiasis treatment. Several narrative reviews have been published on this topic. Unfortunately, the lack of clear methodologies presented in these reviews leads to the exclusion of many important studies without apparent justification. This integrative review aims to examine works published in this area with a precise and reproducible method. To achieve this, three databases (i.e., Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus) were searched from March 31, 2022, to March 31, 2023. The search results included only original research articles that used nanoparticles smaller than 1 µm in the treatment context. Additionally, a search was conducted in the references of the identified articles to retrieve works that could not be found solely using the original search formula. As a result, 65 articles that met the established criteria were identified. Inorganic and polymeric nanoparticles were the most prevalent nanosystems used. Gold was the primary material used to produce inorganic nanoparticles, while poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and chitosan were commonly used to produce polymeric nanoparticles. None of these identified works presented results in the clinical phase. Finally, based on our findings, the outlook appears favorable, as there is a significant diversity of new substances with schistosomicidal potential. However, financial efforts are required to advance these nanoformulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Carvalho
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, FIOCRUZ, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Industrial Pharmaceutical Technology, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Michelle Sarcinelli
- Post-Graduate Program in Industrial Pharmaceutical Technology, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Patrício
- Post-Graduate Program in Industrial Pharmaceutical Technology, Farmanguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical and Technological Innovation Laboratory - Department of Physiological Sciences, Biomedical Institute, R. Frei Caneca, 94, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Shakib P, Zivdari M, Khalaf AK, Marzban A, Ganjalikhani-Hakemi M, Parvaneh J, Mahmoudvand H, Cheraghipour K. Nanoparticles as Potent Agents for Treatment of Schistosoma Infections: A Systematic Review. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 2023; 99:100715. [PMID: 37743882 PMCID: PMC10511339 DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Background Schistosomiasis is an acute and chronic parasitic disease caused by blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma. The current drugs for treating schistosomiasis are associated with some side effects. Objective The aim of this systematic study was an overview of the treatment of diseases caused by Schistosoma based on nanoparticles. Methods In the present systematic research with keywords "Schistosoma", "parasitism", "anti-Schistosoma activity", "nanoparticles", "metal nanoparticles", "silver nanoparticles", "gold nanoparticles", "polymer nanoparticles", "PLGA nanoparticles", "nanoemulsions", "in vitro", and "in vivo" from five English-language databases, including ScienceDirect, europePMC, PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, and Cochrane were searched from 2000 to 2022 by 2 researchers. Results In the initial search, 250 studies were selected. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 27 articles were finally selected after removing duplicate, unrelated, and articles containing full text. In present article, the most nanoparticles used against Schistosoma were gold nanoparticles (22%). Conclusions The results indicate the high potential of various nanoparticles, including metal nanoparticles, against Schistosoma. Also, the remarkable anti-schistosomal activity of nanoparticles suggests their use in different fields to eliminate this pathogenic microorganism so that it can be used as an effective candidate in the preparation of anti-schistosomal compounds because these compounds have fewer side effects than chemical drugs. Ther Res Clin Exp. 2023; XX:XXX-XXX).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Shakib
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Zivdari
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | | | - Abdolrazagh Marzban
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mazdak Ganjalikhani-Hakemi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Yedıtepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Hossein Mahmoudvand
- Hepatitis Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Kourosh Cheraghipour
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
- Lorestan Provincial Veterinary Service, Khorramabad, Iran
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de Lima Aires A, de Araújo HDA, Galvão AM, de Araújo SB, da Silva RL, dos Anjos ZP, de Souza Maia MB, Souza VMO, de Azevedo Albuquerque MCP. Schistosomicidal, hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of the N-acetyl-L-cysteine and/or praziquantel in experimental acute mansonic schistosomiasis. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:215. [PMID: 37251728 PMCID: PMC10219907 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03639-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a tropical parasitic disease, in which the major clinical manifestation includes hepatosplenomegaly, portal hypertension, and organs fibrosis. Clinically, treatment of schistosomiasis involves the use of praziquantel (PZQ) and supportive care, which does not improve the patient's outcome as liver injuries persist. Here, we report for the first time the effect of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and/or praziquantel (PQZ) on S. mansoni, hepatic granuloma, serum markers for liver function and oxidative damage in acute schistosomiasis. Infected mice were divided into control, NAC, PZQ and NAC+PZQ groups and uninfected into control and NAC groups. After infection, NAC (200 mg/kg/day) was administrated until the 60th day and PZQ (100 mg/kg/day) from the 45th to the 49th day, both orally. On day 61, the mice were euthanized for serum markers for liver function. Worms were recovered, fragments of intestine employed to ascertain the oviposition pattern, and the liver was used for histopathological analysis, histomorphometry, egg and granuloma counting and oxidative stress marker assays. NAC reduced the burden of worms and eggs and increased the dead eggs in intestinal tissue. NAC+PZQ brought about reduction in granulomatous infiltration and NAC and/or PZQ reduced levels of ALT, AST, and alkaline phosphatase and increased albumin. NAC, PZQ or NAC+PZQ reduced levels of the superoxide anion, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl and increased sulfhydryl groups. The reduction in parasitological parameters, granulomatous inflammation and oxy-redox imbalance suggests NAC acts as a adjuvant in treatment of acute experimental schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- André de Lima Aires
- Centro de Ciências Médicas-Área Acadêmica de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
- Instituto Keizo Asami (iLIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Hallysson Douglas Andrade de Araújo
- Instituto Keizo Asami (iLIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
- Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - André Martins Galvão
- Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Sidcley Bernardino de Araújo
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | | | - Zilma Pereira dos Anjos
- Instituto Keizo Asami (iLIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Maria Bernadete de Souza Maia
- Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Valdênia Maria Oliveira Souza
- Instituto Keizo Asami (iLIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Mônica Camelo Pessôa de Azevedo Albuquerque
- Centro de Ciências Médicas-Área Acadêmica de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
- Instituto Keizo Asami (iLIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
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Osman AS, Abu-Risha SE, Bakr SM, Altyar AE, Fayad E, El-Sawi MR, El-Kholy WM. Comparative study between effects of ginkgo biloba extract and extract loaded on gold nanoparticles on hepatotoxicity induced by potassium bromate. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:5027-5036. [PMID: 35978237 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22324-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In human organs, potassium bromate (KBrO3) produces toxicity. The main causes of KBrO3 hepatotoxicity are the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage. The purpose of this study is to show how ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) and extract loaded with nanogold particles (GBE@AuNPs) affect hepatotoxicity caused by KBrO3. The rats were separated into eight groups: control (group I), GBE (group II), AuNPs (group III), GBE@AuNPs (group IV), KBrO3 (group V), KBrO3 and GBE (group VI), KBrO3 and AuNPS (group VII), and KBrO3 and GBE@AuNPs (group VIII). KBrO3 generated DNA damage spots in a comet assay, which were associated with increased inflammatory indicators (IL-6), decreased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, and increased apoptotic markers (Bax and caspase-3). The inflammatory, apoptotic, and ultrastructural alterations in liver tissue produced by KBrO3 were reduced in treated groups VI, VII, or VIII. The hepatotoxic effects of KBrO3 were reduced when GBE, AuNPs, or GBE@AuNPs were used; the particular GBE@AuNPs were the most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr S Osman
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sally E Abu-Risha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Samaa M Bakr
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-sheikh, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Fayad
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mamdouh R El-Sawi
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Wafaa M El-Kholy
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Qadeer A, Ullah H, Sohail M, Safi SZ, Rahim A, Saleh TA, Arbab S, Slama P, Horky P. Potential application of nanotechnology in the treatment, diagnosis, and prevention of schistosomiasis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1013354. [PMID: 36568300 PMCID: PMC9780462 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1013354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is one of the neglected tropical diseases that affect millions of people worldwide. Globally, it affects economically poor countries, typically due to a lack of proper sanitation systems, and poor hygiene conditions. Currently, no vaccine is available against schistosomiasis, and the preferred treatment is chemotherapy with the use of praziquantel. It is a common anti-schistosomal drug used against all known species of Schistosoma. To date, current treatment primarily the drug praziquantel has not been effective in treating Schistosoma species in their early stages. The drug of choice offers low bioavailability, water solubility, and fast metabolism. Globally drug resistance has been documented due to overuse of praziquantel, Parasite mutations, poor treatment compliance, co-infection with other strains of parasites, and overall parasitic load. The existing diagnostic methods have very little acceptability and are not readily applied for quick diagnosis. This review aims to summarize the use of nanotechnology in the treatment, diagnosis, and prevention. It also explored safe and effective substitute approaches against parasitosis. At this stage, various nanomaterials are being used in drug delivery systems, diagnostic kits, and vaccine production. Nanotechnology is one of the modern and innovative methods to treat and diagnose several human diseases, particularly those caused by parasite infections. Herein we highlight the current advancement and application of nanotechnological approaches regarding the treatment, diagnosis, and prevention of schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Qadeer
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China,Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hanif Ullah
- West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Muhammad Sohail
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Sher Zaman Safi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan,Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdur Rahim
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan,*Correspondence: Abdur Rahim, ; Petr Slama, ; Pavel Horky,
| | - Tawfik A Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safia Arbab
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Petr Slama
- Laboratory of Animal Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia,*Correspondence: Abdur Rahim, ; Petr Slama, ; Pavel Horky,
| | - Pavel Horky
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia,*Correspondence: Abdur Rahim, ; Petr Slama, ; Pavel Horky,
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Bahrami A, Arabestani MR, Taheri M, Farmany A, Norozzadeh F, Hosseini SM, Nozari H, Nouri F. Exploring the Role of Heavy Metals and Their Derivatives on the Pathophysiology of COVID-19. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:2639-2650. [PMID: 34448983 PMCID: PMC8391869 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02893-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Many aspects of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its disease, COVID-19, have been studied to determine its properties, transmission mechanisms, and pathology. These efforts are aimed at identifying potential approaches to control or treat the disease. Early treatment of novel SARS-CoV-2 infection to minimize symptom progression has minimal evidence; however, many researchers and firms are working on vaccines, and only a few vaccines exist. COVID-19 is affected by several heavy metals and their nanoparticles. We investigated the effects of heavy metals and heavy metal nanoparticles on SARS-CoV-2 and their roles in COVID-19 pathogenesis. AgNPs, AuNPs, gold-silver hybrid NPs, copper nanoparticles, zinc oxide, vanadium, gallium, bismuth, titanium, palladium, silver grafted graphene oxide, and some quantum dots were tested to see if they could minimize the severity or duration of symptoms in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection when compared to standard therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Bahrami
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Arabestani
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Abbas Farmany
- Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Norozzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Hosseini
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hesam Nozari
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nouri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Abdullah AS, El Sayed IET, El-Torgoman AMA, Alghamdi NA, Ullah S, Wageh S, Kamel MA. Preparation and Characterization of Silymarin-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles with Enhanced Anti-Fibrotic Therapeutic Effects against Hepatic Fibrosis in Rats: Role of MicroRNAs as Molecular Targets. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1767. [PMID: 34944582 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main obstacles of silymarin (SIL) application in liver diseases are its low bioavailability, elevated metabolism, rapid excretion in bile and urine, and inefficient intestinal resorption. The study aimed to synthesize and characterize silymarin-conjugated gold nanoparticles (SGNPs) formulation to improve SIL bioavailability and release for potentiating its antifibrotic action. METHODS Both SGNPs and gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were prepared and characterized using standard characterization techniques. The improved formulation was assessed for in vitro drug release study and in vivo study on rats using CCl4 induced hepatic fibrosis model. SIL, SGNPs, and GNPs were administered by oral gavage daily for 30 days. At the end of the study, rats underwent anesthesia and were sacrificed, serum samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Liver tissues were collected to measure the genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) expressions. Also, histopathological and immunohistochemistry (IHC) examinations of hepatic tissues supported these results. RESULTS The successful formation and conjugation of SGNPs were confirmed by measurements methods. The synthesized nanohybrid SGNPs showed significant antifibrotic therapeutic action against CCl4-induced hepatic damage in rats, and preserved normal body weight, liver weight, liver index values, retained normal hepatic functions, lowered inflammatory markers, declined lipid peroxidation, and activated the antioxidant pathway nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2). The antifibrotic activities of SGNPs mediated through enhancing the hepatic expression of the protective miRNAs; miR-22, miR-29c, and miR-219a which results in suppressed expression of the main fibrosis mediators; TGFβR1, COL3A1, and TGFβR2, respectively. The histopathology and IHC analysis confirmed the anti-fibrotic effects of SGNPs. CONCLUSIONS The successful synthesis of SGNPs with sizes ranging from 16 up to 20 nm and entrapment efficiency and loading capacity 96% and 38.69%, respectively. In vivo studies revealed that the obtained nano-formulation of SIL boosted its anti-fibrotic effects.
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Abd El Wahab WM, El-Badry AA, Mahmoud SS, El-Badry YA, El-Badry MA, Hamdy DA. Ginger (Zingiber Officinale)-derived nanoparticles in Schistosoma mansoni infected mice: Hepatoprotective and enhancer of etiological treatment. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009423. [PMID: 34014936 PMCID: PMC8171924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanotechnology has been manufactured from medicinal plants to develop safe, and effective antischistosmal alternatives to replace today's therapies. The aim of the study is to evaluate the prophylactic effect of ginger-derived nanoparticles (GNPs), and the therapeutic effect of ginger aqueous extract, and GNPs on Schistosoma mansoni (S. mansoni) infected mice compared to praziquantel (PZQ), and mefloquine (MFQ). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Eighty four mice, divided into nine different groups, were sacrificed at 6th, 8th, and 10th week post-infection (PI), with assessment of parasitological, histopathological, and oxidative stress parameters, and scanning the worms by electron microscope. As a prophylactic drug, GNPs showed slight reduction in worm burden, egg density, and granuloma size and number. As a therapeutic drug, GNPs significantly reduced worm burden (59.9%), tissue egg load (64.9%), granuloma size, and number at 10th week PI, and altered adult worm tegumental architecture, added to antioxidant effect. Interestingly, combination of GNPs with PZQ or MFQ gave almost similar or sometimes better curative effects as obtained with each drug separately. The highest therapeutic effect was obtained when ½ dose GNPs combined with ½ dose MFQ which achieved 100% reduction in both the total worm burden, and ova tissue density as early as the 6th week PI, with absence of detected eggs or tissue granuloma, and preservation of liver architecture. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE GNPs have a schistosomicidal, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective role. GNPs have a strong synergistic effect when combined with etiological treatments (PZQ or MFQ), and significantly reduced therapeutic doses by 50%, which may mitigate side effects and resistance to etiological drugs, a hypothesis requiring further research. We recommend extending this study to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wegdan M. Abd El Wahab
- Department of Medical Parasitology, College of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ayman A. El-Badry
- Department of Microbiology-Medical Parasitology Section, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soheir S. Mahmoud
- Department of Parasitology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI), Giza, Egypt
| | - Yaser A. El-Badry
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Khurma, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Organic Chemistry Lab., Faculty of Specific Education, Ain Shams University, Abbasseya, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. El-Badry
- Research Institute of Medical Entomology, General Organization for Teaching Hospitals and Institutes (GOTHI), Giza, Egypt
| | - Doaa A. Hamdy
- Department of Medical Parasitology, College of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Ungor D, Barbasz A, Czyżowska A, Csapó E, Oćwieja M. Cytotoxicity studies of protein-stabilized fluorescent gold nanoclusters on human lymphocytes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 200:111593. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Gurunathan S, Qasim M, Choi Y, Do JT, Park C, Hong K, Kim JH, Song H. Antiviral Potential of Nanoparticles-Can Nanoparticles Fight Against Coronaviruses? Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:E1645. [PMID: 32825737 PMCID: PMC7557932 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases account for more than 20% of global mortality and viruses are responsible for about one-third of these deaths. Highly infectious viral diseases such as severe acute respiratory (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are emerging more frequently and their worldwide spread poses a serious threat to human health and the global economy. The current COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As of 27 July 2020, SARS-CoV-2 has infected over 16 million people and led to the death of more than 652,434 individuals as on 27 July 2020 while also causing significant economic losses. To date, there are no vaccines or specific antiviral drugs to prevent or treat COVID-19. Hence, it is necessary to accelerate the development of antiviral drugs and vaccines to help mitigate this pandemic. Non-Conventional antiviral agents must also be considered and exploited. In this regard, nanoparticles can be used as antiviral agents for the treatment of various viral infections. The use of nanoparticles provides an interesting opportunity for the development of novel antiviral therapies with a low probability of developing drug resistance compared to conventional chemical-based antiviral therapies. In this review, we first discuss viral mechanisms of entry into host cells and then we detail the major and important types of nanomaterials that could be used as antiviral agents. These nanomaterials include silver, gold, quantum dots, organic nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimers and polymers. Further, we consider antiviral mechanisms, the effects of nanoparticles on coronaviruses and therapeutic approaches of nanoparticles. Finally, we provide our perspective on the future of nanoparticles in the fight against viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Center of Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
| | - Youngsok Choi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Jeong Tae Do
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Chankyu Park
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Kwonho Hong
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Hyuk Song
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.G.); (Y.C.); (J.T.D.); (C.P.); (K.H.); (J.-H.K.)
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Gutiérrez-Carcedo P, Navalón S, Simó R, Setoain X, Aparicio-Gómez C, Abasolo I, Victor VM, García H, Herance JR. Alteration of the Mitochondrial Effects of Ceria Nanoparticles by Gold: An Approach for the Mitochondrial Modulation of Cells Based on Nanomedicine. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:nano10040744. [PMID: 32295053 PMCID: PMC7221686 DOI: 10.3390/nano10040744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ceria nanoparticles are cell compatible antioxidants whose activity can be enhanced by gold deposition and by surface functionalization with positive triphenylphosphonium units to selectively target the mitochondria. The antioxidant properties of these nanoparticles can serve as the basis of a new strategy for the treatment of several disorders exhibiting oxidative stress, such as cancer, diabetes or Alzheimer’s disease. However, all of these pathologies require a specific antioxidant according with their mechanism to remove oxidant species excess in cells and diminish their effect on mitochondrial function. The mechanism through which ceria nanoparticles neutralize oxidative stress and their effect on mitochondrial function have not been characterized yet. In the present study, the mitochondria antioxidant effect of ceria and ceria-supported gold nanoparticles, with or without triphenylphosphonium functionalization, was assessed in HeLa cells. The effect caused by ceria nanoparticles on mitochondria function in terms of mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) and nuclear factor erythroid–2–like 1 (NFE2L1) was reversed by the presence of gold. Furthermore, this effect was enhanced when nanoparticles were functionalized with triphenylphosphonium. Our study illustrates how the mitochondrial antioxidant effect induced by ceria nanoparticles can be modulated by the presence of gold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Gutiérrez-Carcedo
- Medical Molecular Imaging Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) and Biomedical Imaging Group, Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (P.G.-C.); (C.A.-G.)
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Department of Endocrinology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, UAB, Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes Network and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Sergio Navalón
- Deparment of Chemistry and Instiute of Chemical Technology (CSIC-UPV), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Rafael Simó
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Department of Endocrinology, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, UAB, Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes Network and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Xavier Setoain
- Hospital Clinic, Biophysics and Bioengineering Unit, Biomedicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, and CIBER-BBN, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Carolina Aparicio-Gómez
- Medical Molecular Imaging Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) and Biomedical Imaging Group, Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (P.G.-C.); (C.A.-G.)
| | - Ibane Abasolo
- Functional Validation & Preclinical Research (FVPR), Group of Drug Delivery & Targeting, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, UAB, CIBBER-BBN, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Victor Manuel Victor
- Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset, FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain;
- CIBERehd, Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Hermenegildo García
- Deparment of Chemistry and Instiute of Chemical Technology (CSIC-UPV), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
- Correspondence: (H.G.); (J.R.H.); Tel.: +34-96-387-7807 (H.G.); +34-93-489-3000 (ext. 4946) (J.R.H.)
| | - José Raúl Herance
- Medical Molecular Imaging Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB) and Biomedical Imaging Group, Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (P.G.-C.); (C.A.-G.)
- Correspondence: (H.G.); (J.R.H.); Tel.: +34-96-387-7807 (H.G.); +34-93-489-3000 (ext. 4946) (J.R.H.)
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Abdelmegid AM, Abdo FK, Ahmed FE, Kattaia AAA. Therapeutic effect of gold nanoparticles on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice with reference to interleukin-17 expression. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10176. [PMID: 31308463 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46671-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is among the most challenging human diseases. Nanotechnology has incontestable promising outcomes in inflammatory bowel diseases. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of naked gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) induced ulcerative colitis in mice. We also examined the expression of interleukin-17 (IL-17) following AuNPs treatment. Mice were randomly divided into control, DSS and DSS+ AuNPs groups. Severity of colitis was assessed by disease activity index (DAI) measurement. At the end of the experiment, the final body weights were recorded. The colon was dissected and processed for histopathological examinations by light and electron microscopes. Colon homogenates were prepared for assay of tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and real-time PCR analysis of IL-17A. Immunohistochemical localization of IL-17A was carried out. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) detector were used to detect the presence of AuNPs in the colonic tissue of DSS+ AuNPs groups. Our results showed that AuNPs effectively targeted the colonic tissue, and reduced changes induced by DSS. The underlying mechanisms could be related to anti-oxidant effect (as evident by decreasing tissue MDA) and anti-inflammatory potential of AuNPs. Our study draws attention to as a novel therapeutic strategy for treating UC.
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Zheng Y, Wu Y, Liu Y, Guo Z, Bai T, Zhou P, Wu J, Yang Q, Liu Z, Lu X. Intrinsic Effects of Gold Nanoparticles on Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reperfusion Injury in Rat Cortical Neurons. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:1549-66. [PMID: 31093902 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02776-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) on rat cortical neurons exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) and to elucidate the corresponding mechanisms. Primary rat cortical neurons were exposed to OGD/R, which is commonly used in vitro to mimic ischemic injury, and then treated with 5- or 20-nm Au-NPs. We then evaluated cell viability, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial respiration in these neurons. We found that 20-nm Au-NPs increased cell viability, alleviated neuronal apoptosis and oxidative stress, and improved mitochondrial respiration after OGD/R injury, while opposite effects were observed for 5-nm Au-NPs. In terms of the underlying mechanisms, we found that Au-NPs could regulate Akt signaling. Taken together, these results show that 20-nm Au-NPs can protect primary cortical neurons against OGD/R injury, possibly by decreasing apoptosis and oxidative stress, while activating Akt signaling and mitochondrial pathways. Our results suggest that Au-NPs may be potential therapeutic agents for ischemic stroke.
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Labib El Gendy AEM, Mohammed FA, Abdel-Rahman SA, Shalaby TIA, Fathy GM, Mohammad SM, El-Shafey MA, Mohammed NA. Effect of nanoparticles on the therapeutic efficacy of praziquantel against Schistosoma mansoni infection in murine models. J Parasit Dis 2019; 43:416-425. [PMID: 31406407 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-019-01106-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Praziquantel (PZQ) is the main treatment of Schistosomiasis mansoni. However, resistance to it was described. So, there is a necessity to develop novel drugs or to enhance the present drugs. This work aimed to assess the efficacy of PZQ alone and when loaded on liposomes in treatment of S. mansoni infection by parasitological and histopathological studies in experimental murine models. 112 male laboratories bred Swiss Albino mice were used in this work. They were divided into four groups: Group 1: control group; Group 2: infected then treated by PZQ (500 mg/kg) at 7, 30 and 45 days post infection; Group 3: infected then treated by liposome encapsulated PZQ (lip.PZQ) (500 mg/kg) at 7, 30 and 45 days post infection; Group 4: infected then treated by free liposomes at 7, 30 and 45 days post infection. The results showed that G3 caused the highest significant reduction of the total worm count, eggs/gram liver tissue and intestine (97.2%, 99.3%, 99.5%) respectively. Followed by G2 (85.1%, 97.6%, 89.8%) respectively. Regarding the histopathological studies, G3 showed the highest significant reduction in number and diameter of hepatic granuloma (97.6% and 98.1%), followed by G2 (77.2% and 75%) when compared to other groups. In conclusion, lip.PZQ is more effective than free PZQ from all aspects especially when administered 45 days PI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Faten Alsayed Mohammed
- 1Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sara A Abdel-Rahman
- 1Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Ghada M Fathy
- 1Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Mahmoud A El-Shafey
- 3Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Nesma Atef Mohammed
- 1Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Moustafa MA, Mossalem HS, Sarhan RM, Abdel-Rahman AA, Hassan EM. The potential effects of silver and gold nanoparticles as molluscicides and cercaricides on Schistosoma mansoni. Parasitol Res 2018; 117:3867-80. [PMID: 30280220 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-6093-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis seriously affects human health in tropical regions. Its prevention is more important than treatment, raising the need for effective control methods. Recently, the role of nanomaterials in medical science has been growing. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential effects of silver (Ag) and gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) on Biomphalaria alexandrina snails and Schistosoma mansoni cercariae in vitro and to assess their effects on the infectivity of cercariae in vivo. The in vitro study proved that Ag and Au NPs were effective in killing B. alexandrina snails, with 30 μg/ml Ag and 160 μg/ml Au causing 100% mortality. The LC50 of 9.68 μg/ml for Ag NPs and 133.7 μg/ml for Au NPs prevented snail infection with S. mansoni miracidia. Furthermore, Ag NPs at 50 μg/ml and Au NPs at 100 μg/ml increased the mortality of S. mansoni cercariae in a dose- and time-dependent manner, reaching 100% mortality after 1 h. The in vivo study found that Ag NPs prevented the occurrence of infection when cercariae were treated before the infection by either the tail immersion (TI) or subcutaneous (SC) route, as proven by parasitological parameters and by the absence of granuloma formation in hepatic tissue. Meanwhile, infection of mice by untreated cercariae followed by treatment with NPs 1 h post-infection (PI) caused a decrease in egg count/g intestine and egg count/g liver in the TI-infected group only. The oogram patterns and granuloma formation results were similar between infection control and the SC-infected group. On the other hand, Au NPs led to a decrease in total worm burden (TWB) in all tested groups, with a decrease in egg count/g intestine and egg count/g liver in TI-infected groups with either pre-treated or post-treated cercariae, in contrast to SC-infected groups. However, the oogram patterns and granuloma formation showed similar results to infection control. Ag and Au NPs have potential as molluscicides and cercaricides in vitro and can prevent or modulate the infectivity of cercariae in vivo.
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Dkhil MA, Khalil MF, Diab MSM, Bauomy AA, Santourlidis S, Al-Shaebi EM, Al-Quraishy S. Evaluation of nanoselenium and nanogold activities against murine intestinal schistosomiasis. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 26:1468-72. [PMID: 31762611 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine is one of the most important methods used to treat human diseases including parasitic diseases. Schistosomiasis is a major parasitic disease that affects human health in tropical regions. Whilst Praziquantel is the main classic antischistosomal drug, new drugs are required due to the poor effect of the drug on the parasite juveniles and immature worms, and the emergence of drug resistant strains of Schistosoma. The present study aimed to examine the curative roles of both gold and selenium nanoparticles on jejunal tissues of mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni. Transmission electron microscopy was used for characterization of nanoparticles. Gold nanoparticles of 1 mg/kg mice body weight and selenium nanoparticles 0.5 mg/kg body weight were inoculated separately into mice infected with S. mansoni. The parasite induced a significant decrease in glutathione levels; however, the levels of nitric oxide and malondialdehyde were significantly increased. Additionally, the parasite introduced deteriorations in histological architecture of the jejunal tissue. Treatment of mice with metal nanoparticles reduced the levels of body weight changes, oxidative stress and histological impairment in the jejunal tissue significantly. Therefore, our results revealed the protective role of both selenium and gold nanoparticles against jejunal injury in mice infected with S. mansoni.
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Dkhil MA, Khalil MF, Diab MS, Bauomy AA, Al-Quraishy S. Effect of gold nanoparticles on mice splenomegaly induced by schistosomiasis mansoni. Saudi J Biol Sci 2017; 24:1418-1423. [PMID: 28855840 PMCID: PMC5562478 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is still one of the main parasitic diseases that affect human health in tropical regions. Whilst praziquantel (PZQ) is the main classic antischistosomal drug, the need for new drugs is still a must due to the low effectiveness of the drug on the schistosome young worms, and the evolving of PZQ resistant strains. Nanotechnology is one of the most important recent and current methods used to treat human diseases including parasitic ones. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the curative role of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) on splenic tissue of mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni Sambon, 1907. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy was used for characterization of nanoparticles (NP). GNPs of 1 mg/kg mice body weight were inoculated into mice infected with S. mansoni. The parasite caused deteriorations in histological architecture of the spleen tissue, and splenomegaly. Additionally, the parasite induced a significant reduction in splenic tissue glutathione levels; however, the concentrations of nitric oxide and malondialdehyde were significantly increased. Treatment of mice with GNPs reduced the extent of histological impairment and oxidative stress in spleen tissue. Therefore, our results demonstrate the protective role of GNPs against splenic damage in mice infected with S. mansoni.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Dkhil
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona F. Khalil
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Biology, College of Medicine, University of Dammam, Rakah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa S.M. Diab
- Molecular Drug Evaluation Department, National Organization for Drug Control & Research (NODCAR), Giza 12553, Egypt
| | - Amira A. Bauomy
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, College of Science & Arts, Al-Rass, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Al-Quraishy
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are widely used as a drug delivery vehicle, which can accumulate in the heart through blood circulation. Therefore, it is very important to understand the effect of AuNPs on the heart, especially under pathological conditions. In this study, we found that PEG-coated AuNPs attenuate β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR)-mediated acute cardiac hypertrophy and inflammation. However, both isoproterenol, a non-selective β-AR agonist, and AuNPs did not induce cardiac function change or cardiac fibrosis. AuNPs exerted an anti-cardiac hypertrophy effect by decreasing β1-AR expression and its downstream ERK1/2 hypertrophic pathway. Our results indicated that AuNPs might be safe and have the potential to be used as multi-functional materials (drug carrier systems and anti-cardiac hypertrophy agents).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Qiao
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoling Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiju Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijian Li
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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