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Kim SB, Lee T, Moon HS, Ki SH, Oh YS, Lee JY, Kim SB, Park JE, Kwon Y, Kim S, Baek DJ, Park EY. Verification of the Necessity of the Tolyl Group of PF-543 for Sphingosine Kinase 1 Inhibitory Activity. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112484. [PMID: 32471162 PMCID: PMC7321251 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PF-543, the most potent sphingosine kinase (SK) inhibitor, does not demonstrate effective anticancer activity in some cancer cells, unlike other known SK1 inhibitors. PF-543 has a non-lipid structure with a unique toluene backbone; however, the importance of this structure remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate changes in SK inhibitory and anticancer activities and to explore the role of the tolyl group structure of PF-543 through various modifications. We transformed the methyl group of PF-543 into hydrogen, fluorine, and hydroxy. PF-543 derivatives in which the methyl group was substituted by hydrogen and fluorine (compound 5) demonstrated SK1 inhibitory and anticancer activities similar to PF-543. Moreover, we performed molecular modeling studies of PF-543 and compound 5. To assess the metabolic stability of PF-543 and compound 5, we determined their degree of degradation using the liver microsomes of four different animal species (human, dog, rat, and mouse). However, both PF-543 and compound 5 showed poor microsomal stability. Therefore, for the medical applications of PF-543, the structural modifications of its other parts may be necessary. Our results provide important information for the design of additional PF-543 analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Bin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea; (S.B.K.); (H.S.M.)
| | - Taeho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Hong Seop Moon
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea; (S.B.K.); (H.S.M.)
| | - Sung Hwan Ki
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea;
| | - Yoon Sin Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea;
| | - Joo-Youn Lee
- Chemical Data-Driven Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Korea;
| | - Sang-Bum Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Korea; (S.-B.K.); (J.-E.P.)
| | - Jeong-Eun Park
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41061, Korea; (S.-B.K.); (J.-E.P.)
| | - Yongseok Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Korea;
| | - Sanghee Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Dong Jae Baek
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea; (S.B.K.); (H.S.M.)
- Correspondence: (D.J.B.); (E.-Y.P.); Tel.: +82-61-450-2705 (D.J.B.); +82-61-450-2706 (E.-Y.P.)
| | - Eun-Young Park
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea; (S.B.K.); (H.S.M.)
- Correspondence: (D.J.B.); (E.-Y.P.); Tel.: +82-61-450-2705 (D.J.B.); +82-61-450-2706 (E.-Y.P.)
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