1
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He L, Zhang J, Zhu T, Zhao P, Mou P, Tang S. Incidence, clinical features, and survival outcomes of primary malignant lacrimal gland tumors: A population-based analysis. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6831. [PMID: 38230983 PMCID: PMC10905223 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on the epidemiological information and prognosis of primary malignant lacrimal gland tumors (MLGTs) are rare for its low occurrence. The goal of our research was to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and survival outcomes of patients with MLGTs. METHODS Incidence and demographic information of patients with MLGTs were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. To identify independent prognostic factors for disease-specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS), univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed. RESULTS The overall incidence of primary MLGTs from 1975 to 2020 was 0.413/1,000,000 (according to the 2000 American standard population), with a steadily increasing incidence over years. A total of 964 patients with primary MLGTs were diagnosed, with an average age of 59.3 years. Of these, 53.2% were aged ≥60 years, 57.4% were female, and 77.1% were whites. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that year of diagnosis, age, sex, histological type, SEER stage, surgery, and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors of DSS or OS. CONCLUSIONS Although primary MLGT is rare, its incidence has steadily increased in the past 46 years, and surgery was related to a better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin‐feng He
- Department of OphthalmologyChangzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jin‐di Zhang
- Department of OphthalmologyChangzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Teng‐fei Zhu
- Department of AnesthesiologyChangzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Peng‐cheng Zhao
- Department of AnesthesiologyShanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Pei Mou
- Department of OphthalmologyChangzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shi‐yi Tang
- Department of OphthalmologyGongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New AreaShanghaiChina
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2
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Schellini SA, Santos Souza D, Almeida AAMP, Schellini RA, Ferraz LCB. Primary lacrimal gland sebaceous carcinoma - case presentation and literature review. Orbit 2023:1-6. [PMID: 38100406 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2023.2291059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Primary sebaceous carcinoma of the lacrimal gland (PSCLG) is the rarest lacrimal gland (LG) tumor, often belatedly diagnosed, worsening the prognosis. We present a 68-year-old man with a large, indurated mass in the left orbital outer quadrant, visible at the conjunctival upper temporal fornix, extending to the lower fornix, with left gaze restriction. The lesion was not related to the eyelid or other periocular tissues. Excisional biopsy revealed the PSCLG diagnosis. There are only eight others previous PSCLGs. Males are the most affected. Indurated mass in the lacrimal fossa, with eyelid in "S" shape is the most common presentation. Image exams are suggestive, but histological and immunohistochemical evaluations showing a single tumor cell line within LG are mandatory for definitive diagnosis. Larger and more extensive lesions can have a poor prognosis, but early detection can favor the outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana A Schellini
- Ophthalmology Department, Botucatu Medical School, State University of Sao Paulo, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Daniela Santos Souza
- Pathology Department, Botucatu Medical School, State University of Sao Paulo, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Amanda A M P Almeida
- Ophthalmology Department, Botucatu Medical School, State University of Sao Paulo, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo A Schellini
- Radiology Department, Botucatu Medical School, State University of Sao Paulo, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Lucieni C B Ferraz
- Ophthalmology Division, State Hospital of Bauru, State of Sao Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
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3
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Lin Y, Zhang Y, Shi K, Wu H, Ou S. Advances in clinical examination of lacrimal gland. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1257209. [PMID: 37720501 PMCID: PMC10501785 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1257209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In humans, the lacrimal gland is located in the socket of the frontal bone above the outer orbital area. As an essential part of the eye surface, the gland is fixed to the orbital periosteum by connective tissue. The lacrimal gland passes through the outer tendon membrane, which divides the gland into larger orbital and minor eyelid glands. The lacrimal glands are the main contributors to tear film. They secrete electrolytes, proteins, and water to help nourish and protect the eye's surface. Furthermore, clinically, lacrimal glands are associated with a variety of inflammatory reactions and immune factors and are also vulnerable sites for tumors. Changes in tear gland morphology or secretory function affect tear film stability and tear secretion quality. Various technological devices have been developed and applied to lacrimal glands. This article systematically reviewed the clinical examination of the lacrimal gland to help inform personalized strategies for the diagnosis of lacrimal gland-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Lin
- Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Ocular Surface and Corneal Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Ocular Surface and Corneal Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Ocular Surface and Corneal Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Ocular Surface and Corneal Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ke Shi
- Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Ocular Surface and Corneal Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Ocular Surface and Corneal Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Huping Wu
- Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Ocular Surface and Corneal Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Ocular Surface and Corneal Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shangkun Ou
- Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Ocular Surface and Corneal Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Ocular Surface and Corneal Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Municipal Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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4
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Karp JM, Gordon AJ, Hu K, Belinsky I, Jacobson A, Li Z, Persky M, Persky M, Givi B, Tam MM. Pathologic Features, Treatment, and Clinical Outcomes of Lacrimal Gland Cancer. Cureus 2023; 15:e44466. [PMID: 37791145 PMCID: PMC10544231 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lacrimal gland cancer is a rare malignancy with little data known about its pathologic characteristics or optimal management. We performed a large database analysis using the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to elucidate this unusual condition. METHODS Patients with lacrimal gland cancer diagnosed between 2004 and 2018 were included in the analysis. Using available clinical data, we excluded all patients with histologies likely reflective of lacrimal sac or duct cancer, which are coded similarly to lacrimal gland cancer in the NCDB. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate overall survival (OS), and Cox proportional hazards models were used to indicate covariates associated with survival. RESULTS A total of 440 cases of lacrimal gland cancer were included in the analysis, with a median follow-up of 52.9 months. The five-year OS for the entire cohort was 65.0%. Adenoid cystic carcinoma was the predominant histology (47.3%). Cox models showed that improved OS was associated with surgical resection (UVA: p < 0.001; MVA: p = 0.035). A detriment in OS was associated with increasing age, Charlson-Deyo score of 1, T4 stage, and positive margins and on UVA for adenocarcinoma and malignant mixed tumor histology. CONCLUSION Adenoid cystic carcinoma comprises the plurality of lacrimal gland cancers. About half of patients with lacrimal gland carcinoma will live beyond 10 years, underscoring the importance of reduced morbidity of treatment. Surgical management is associated with improved prognosis. Further study will elucidate the role of surgical excision and radiotherapy in lacrimal gland cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome M Karp
- Radiation Oncology, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, USA
| | - Alex J Gordon
- Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Kenneth Hu
- Radiation Oncology, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, USA
| | - Irina Belinsky
- Ophthalmology, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, USA
| | - Adam Jacobson
- Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, USA
| | - Zujun Li
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, USA
| | - Michael Persky
- Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, USA
| | - Mark Persky
- Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, USA
| | - Babak Givi
- Head and Neck Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - Moses M Tam
- Radiation Oncology, New York University (NYU) Langone Health, New York, USA
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5
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He LF, Mou P, Wei RL. Epidemiology and survival outcomes of patients with orbital region non-cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a population-based analysis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1152337. [PMID: 37213302 PMCID: PMC10196690 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1152337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (ncSCC) of the orbital region is very rare. Thus, its epidemiological characteristics and prognosis are poorly understood. The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiological characteristics and survival outcomes of ncSCC of the orbital region. Methods Incidence and demographic data on ncSCC of the orbital region were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and analyzed. The chi-square test was used to calculate the differences between groups. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the independent prognostic factors for disease-specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS). Results The overall incidence of ncSCC in the orbital region from 1975 to 2019 was 0.68/1,000,000, and the incidence showed an increasing trend during this period. A total of 1,265 patients with ncSCC of the orbital region (mean age, 65.3 years) were identified in the SEER database. Of these, 65.1% were aged ≥60 years, 87.4% were White, and 73.5% were male. The conjunctiva (74.5%) was the most common primary site, followed by the orbit (12.1%), lacrimal apparatus (10.8%), and overlapping lesion of the eye and adnexa (2.7%). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that age, primary site, SEER summary stage, and surgery were independent prognostic factors for DSS, whereas age, sex, marital status, primary site, SEER summary stage, and surgery were independent prognostic factors for OS. Conclusions The incidence of ncSCC in the orbital region has increased over the past 40 years. It usually affects White people, men, and people aged ≥60 years, and its most common site is the conjunctiva. Orbital SCC has worse survival outcomes than SCC of other sites in the orbital region. Surgery is the independent protective treatment for ncSCC of the orbital region.
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6
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Vogele D, Sollmann N, Beck A, Haggenmüller B, Schmidt SA, Schmitz B, Kapapa T, Ozpeynirci Y, Beer M, Kloth C. Orbital Tumors-Clinical, Radiologic and Histopathologic Correlation. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:2376. [PMID: 36292065 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12102376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Orbital masses include a broad spectrum of benign and malignant entities. Often these masses are asymptomatic or show a slow growth rate, so that emergence of clinical symptoms is prolonged. In this context, cross-sectional imaging plays an elementary role in the characterization of these lesions. Aside from the characterization of the underlying entity, an evaluation of the involved compartments is possible by sufficient imaging, which also facilitates optimal treatment and surgery planning. The purpose of this review is to explore different benign and malignant orbital tumors and their typical appearance in imaging together with histopathologic findings.
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7
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Ashok Kumar P, Wang D, Huang D, Paulraj S, Sivapiragasam A. Current Trends in the Management of Epithelial Lacrimal Gland Tumors: A Retrospective National Cancer Database Analysis. Cureus 2022; 14:e27109. [PMID: 36000118 PMCID: PMC9391612 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lacrimal gland tumors are rare with data limited to very few large studies. Contemporary strategies like orbit sparing surgeries and neoadjuvant intraarterial chemotherapy remain controversial. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort analysis of epithelial lacrimal gland tumors from the 2004-2016 National Cancer Database. Patients were stratified based on the type of surgery (limited vs destructive) and various treatment modalities employed. Results: Squamous cell carcinoma (33.48%) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (29.45%) were the commonest histologies (N=669). Comparison of limited (46.33%) vs destructive procedures (53.11%) among 482 patients did not show any survival difference, nor the comparison between surgery vs ± chemotherapy vs ± radiotherapy among 472 patients. Conclusion: Squamous cell carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma are the commonest types of lacrimal gland tumors seen in our study. Tumor spread from adjacent sites may have contributed to the higher percentage of squamous cell carcinomas seen. The type of surgery or chemoradiation use did not alter survival.
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8
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Zhang J, Yan X, Liu R, Wu S, Liu Q, Li J, Ma J. Bevacizumab is an Efficient Therapeutic Approach with Low Side Effects in Patient-Derived Xenografts of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Lacrimal Gland. Cancer Manag Res 2022; 14:1023-1032. [PMID: 35283648 PMCID: PMC8912937 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s352623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the lacrimal gland (LGACC) is an aggressive malignant lacrimal gland tumor with a generally poor prognosis. Survival rates for LGACC are 56% at 5 years and 49% at 10 years. Recent studies have indicated that anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy can inhibit angiogenesis in ACC cells. This study was designed to explore the efficacy of the antiangiogenic drug bevacizumab in a LGACC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) animal model. Methods The histological structure of PDX was determined by hematoxylin-eosin staining to confirm successful xenografting. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expression of neovascularization-related genes in LGACC patients and in the PDX model, including VEGF, VEGFR1, and FGFR. In order to compare the efficacy of antiangiogenic drug and traditional chemotherapy drug, PDX models were treated with bevacizumab and cisplatin respectively, and body weight was evaluated. Subsequently, the neovascularization-related proteins VEGF, VEGFR2, and CD34, tumor suppressor P53 and proliferation-related protein Ki67 were analyzed by IHC. Quantitative real-time PCR was employed to examine the mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes BAD and Caspase 9, and of HIF1α. Results VEGF, VEGFR1, and FGFR were highly expressed in patients with LGACC and PDX models. Both bevacizumab and cisplatin treatment inhibited PDX tumor growth. The body weight of PDX models treated with cisplatin significantly decreased from day 15, while those treated with bevacizumab did not markedly change. Bevacizumab reduced the expression of VEGF, CD34, and Ki67 in PDX tumors; whereas, bevacizumab upregulated P53 and downregulated HIF1α levels. Conclusion The present study indicates that antiangiogenic drugs may be a promising treatment strategy for LGACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxue Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuejing Yan
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Liu
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shen Wu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianmin Ma
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jianmin Ma, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, No. 1 Dongjiaominxiang Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8610-5826-9968, Fax +8610-5826-9930, Email
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Alturkistany W, Althaqib R, Alsulaiman N, Maktabi A, Elkhamary S, Alhussain H. Lacrimal Gland Lesions Biopsied in a Tertiary Eye Center in Saudi Arabia: A Clinical, Radiological, Surgical, and Histological Review. Clin Ophthalmol 2022; 16:191-200. [PMID: 35115759 PMCID: PMC8800861 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s331252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To study the demographics and clinical presentation of biopsied lacrimal gland lesions in a tertiary eye center and determine the accuracy of radiological imaging and blood investigations in reaching the diagnosis. We also studied the histopathological outcome of different lacrimal gland biopsy approaches. Materials and Methods A retrospective review of patients’ charts from 2014 to 2021 who underwent lacrimal gland biopsy. The data collected included demographics, clinical presentations, surgical approaches used, blood workup done, and histopathological and radiological diagnoses. The accuracy of radiological imaging in diagnosing lacrimal gland pathologies was evaluated by comparing radiological interpretation to the final pathological report. Results In a total of 48 cases, the most common lacrimal gland lesion was nonspecific inflammation of the lacrimal gland (34%, n=17) followed by lymphoproliferative lesions (25%, n=12). Females (62.5%, n=30) were more affected than males (37.5%, n=18). Other lesions included pleomorphic adenoma, angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia, and IgG4 disease. Complete blood investigations were performed in 45.8% of patients and a systemic disease was found in only 18.2%. The initial assumptive diagnosis based on MRI and CT scan images was congruous with the histopathological diagnosis in 42% and 12%, respectively. Three surgical approaches were used for incisional biopsy in this study, including sub-periosteal, trans-septal, and palpebral lobe biopsy. Lateral orbitotomy was done in all excisional biopsy cases. We found no statistical difference in the histopathological outcome between the different surgical approaches used. Conclusion Nonspecific inflammation and lymphoproliferative disorders are the most common causes of lacrimal gland lesions. Blood work-up should not be used to waive off the need for lacrimal gland biopsy, and the diagnosis should preferably be based on histopathology results. The MRI is a useful tool to diagnose lacrimal gland lesions; however, histopathology remains the gold standard method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Alturkistany
- Oculoplastics Department, King Khalid Eye Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ophthalmology Department, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Walaa Alturkistany Tel +966504199412Fax +966114821908 Email
| | - Rawan Althaqib
- Oculoplastics Department, King Khalid Eye Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Alsulaiman
- Oculoplastics Department, King Khalid Eye Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza Maktabi
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, King Khalid Eye Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar Elkhamary
- Diagnostic Imaging Department, King Khalid Eye Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hailah Alhussain
- Oculoplastics Department, King Khalid Eye Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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10
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de Lima-Souza RA, Rodrigues NDM, Scarini JF, Silva MFS, Tincani AJ, Egal ESA, Altemani A, Mariano FV. Metabolic alterations in carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma development of lacrimal glands. Int Ophthalmol 2021; 42:1101-1109. [PMID: 34757565 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-021-02096-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate metabolic alterations along with the carcinoma ex pleomorphic adneoma (CXPA) development of lacrimal glands (LG). METHODS Four samples of the normal LG (NLG), 9 of pleomorphic adenoma (PA), 4 of residual PA (rPA), and 4 of CXPA of LG were included. GLUT-1, HIF-1α, FASN, and adipophilin by immunohistochemical stains were performed in the selected cases. RESULTS Was observed higher expression of markers associated with glycolytic and lipid metabolism in the tumor tissue samples when compared to the NLG samples. Additionally, GLUT-1, FASN, and Adipophilin were more expressed in CXPA samples while HIF-1α in PA samples. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our results demonstrate overexpression of FASN and Adipophilin in CXPA which may reflect a metabolic shift toward lipogenesis in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reydson Alcides de Lima-Souza
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália de Magalhães Rodrigues
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Figueira Scarini
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mário Fernandez Sobral Silva
- Department of Surgery, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alfio José Tincani
- Department of Surgery, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erika Said Abu Egal
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Utah (UU), Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Albina Altemani
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Viviane Mariano
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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11
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Abstract
This article provides an overview of rare orbital diseases. Congenital
malformations, inflammatory diseases, benign and malignant neoplasias are
described. Although it represents a relatively small area of the body the
orbit contains multiple different tissues. Therefore, a great variety of
diseases can be found within the orbital space. That is the reason, why both
the completeness and the level of detail in the description of particular
diseases must be somewhat limited. Nevertheless, clinical manifestations,
important aspects of diagnosis, treatment strategies, and, when specific
data are available, the prognosis are described. The authors tried to
highlight the most characteristic aspects of the different diseases to
describe their relevant aspects in spite of the brevity of the
subsections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Kisser
- Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie, Halle/S. (Klinikdirektor: Prof. Dr. med. S. Plontke)
| | - Jens Heichel
- Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde, Halle/S. (Klinikdirektor: Prof. Dr. med. A. Viestenz)
| | - Alexander Glien
- Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie, Halle/S. (Klinikdirektor: Prof. Dr. med. S. Plontke)
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12
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Abstract
Proptosis, the protrusion of the eyeball from the orbit, results from a wide variety of pathologies that can be vision- or life-threatening. Clinical history, associated physical exam findings, and imaging features are all crucial in establishing the underlying etiology. The differential diagnosis is broad, and includes infectious, inflammatory, vascular, and neoplastic entities that range from benign and indolent, to malignant and aggressive. While treatment varies significantly based on the disease process, all are aimed at preserving vision, salvaging the globe, preventing disfigurement, and reducing mortality. Both internists and general ophthalmologists should be familiar with the causes of proptosis in order to initiate the work-up for, and appropriately triage, affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J Topilow
- Bascom Palmer Eye, Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
| | - Ann Q Tran
- Bascom Palmer Eye, Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
| | - Eubee B Koo
- Bascom Palmer Eye, Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
| | - Chrisfouad R Alabiad
- Bascom Palmer Eye, Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136
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13
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Ashok Kumar P, Paulraj S, Mirchia K, Hahn SS, Sivapiragasam A. Ductal Adenocarcinoma Ex Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Lacrimal Gland: a Rare and Morbid Malignancy. Case Rep Oncol Med 2020; 2020:1790106. [PMID: 32089922 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1790106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (Ca ex PA) is a rare malignant transformation of a benign primary pleomorphic adenoma (PA). We report the case of a 62-year-old male who presented with a swelling over his left temple. Imaging revealed a lytic lesion over the left orbital wall with soft tissue extension suggestive of malignancy. He underwent an en bloc resection of the mass with orbital exenteration, craniotomy, and reconstruction. Pathology demonstrated a lacrimal gland ductal adenocarcinoma arising from a PA which led to the diagnosis of ductal adenoCa ex PA. Postoperatively, he received chemotherapy with 6 cycles of cisplatin and concurrent radiation therapy (RT), but his course was complicated by recurrent bacterial meningitis and abscesses and he ultimately opted for comfort measures. Patients with PA of the lacrimal gland experience an insidiously enlarging painless swelling of the orbit with transformation to Ca ex PA highlighted by a rapid onset of bulbar enlargement, displacement, and often proptosis. Ductal adenoCa ex PA is aggressive with a poor prognosis and has no established standard of care. This case highlights the rarity of this condition and the need for more literature to help direct treatment.
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14
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Vangsted A, Mikkelsen LH, Jørgensen JS, Heegaard S. Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma infiltrating both lacrimal glands in a patient with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2020; 17:100597. [PMID: 32016162 PMCID: PMC6992929 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2020.100597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To describe a case of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia/lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma with infiltration of both lacrimal glands. Observations A 63-year-old male with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia was referred to the ophthalmological clinic due to intermittent bilateral painless swollen eyelids. The patient had slight bilateral chemosis along with swelling of both eyelids. A mechanical ptosis was present on both sides. Funduscopic examination and tonometry were normal. Computed tomography and positron emission tomography showed an enlargement of both lacrimal glands with positive PET signal, and hence a biopsy was performed for histological and cytogenetic examination. Histopathological examination revealed an infiltrate of lymphoplasmacytic cells and small lymphocytes within the lacrimal gland. The tumor cells stained positive for IgM and CD20, CD79, BCL-2, and kappa light chain. A cytogenetic examination revealed a mutation in MYD88 confirming Morbus Waldenström/lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Conclusions and importance Intermittent swollen lacrimal glands are a rather common symptom, and Morbus Waldenström/lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis. This symptom should be carefully evaluated in Waldenström patients, as it can be a sign of disease progression in case of lacrimal gland involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Vangsted
- Eye Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lauge Hjorth Mikkelsen
- Eye Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Steffen Heegaard
- Eye Pathology Section, Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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15
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Andreasen S, Kiss K, Mikkelsen LH, Channir HI, Plaschke CC, Melchior LC, Eriksen JG, Wessel I. An update on head and neck cancer: new entities and their histopathology, molecular background, treatment, and outcome. APMIS 2019; 127:240-264. [PMID: 30811708 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The head and neck region harbor numerous specialized tissues of all lineages giving rise to a plethora of different malignancies. In recent years, new types and subtypes of cancer has been described here due to the recognition of their histological and molecular characteristics. Some have been formally accepted in the most recent classifications from the World Health Organization (WHO) and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) as distinct diseases due to characteristics in clinical presentation, outcome, and treatment. In particular, this applies to malignancies of the salivary gland, sinonasal tract, and oropharynx. In this overview, we present the most recent developments in the classification, histopathological characteristics, and molecular features of head and neck cancer. The clinical and radiological characteristics, outcome, and treatment options including perspectives for targeted therapies, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Andreasen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katalin Kiss
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lauge Hjorth Mikkelsen
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hani Ibrahim Channir
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Jesper Grau Eriksen
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Irene Wessel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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16
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Clarós P, Choffor-Nchinda E, Lopez-Fortuny M, Zofia Sobolewska A, Clarós A. Lacrimal gland pleomorphic adenoma: a review of 52 cases, 15-year experience. Acta Otolaryngol 2019; 139:100-104. [PMID: 30628498 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2018.1541362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lacrimal gland (LG) tumours are rare neoplasms. Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common histologic variant, representing ∼20% of all LG tumours. PA tends to recur leading to great morbidity. AIMS We carried out this study to share our experience and provide recent data on the clinical aspects, radiologic findings, management and outcome after treatment. METHODS We realised a hospital-based retrospective case review including data collected from 52 patients, managed over 15 years. RESULTS The mean age was 39.8 ± 2 years. Unilateral painless proptosis was the most constant sign (51.9%). CT-scan showed predominantly isodense lesions (96.2%), with regular borders (94.2%), measuring on average 2 cm. MRI showed isointense lesions on T1-weighted images in 96.2% of cases. No pre-operative biopsy was done. Surgical management was mainly external lateral orbitotomy (94.2%). There was no recurrence, considering a mean follow-up period of 12.6 years. Size of tumour at the time of diagnosis increased with age (r = +0.36, p = .01). CONCLUSIONS Clinical and radiologic characteristics are consistent with literature. Older patients seem to present larger tumours. We believe that biopsy is not necessary if appropriate imaging is done. Complete, intact resection is generally sufficient to minimise the risk of recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Clarós
- Department of Otolaryngology – Orbital Surgery, Clinica Clarós, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emmanuel Choffor-Nchinda
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Buea Regional Hospital, Buea, Cameroon
- Department of Otolaryngology – Orbital Surgery, Scholarship at Claros Clinic, Clinica Clarós, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Aleksandra Zofia Sobolewska
- Department of Otolaryngology – Orbital Surgery, Scholarship at Claros Clinic, Clinica Clarós, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andres Clarós
- Department of Otolaryngology – Orbital Surgery, Clinica Clarós, Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Song WS, Cho SJ, Choi YJ. A Case of Adult Orbital Lymphatic Malformation in the Lacrimal Gland. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2019. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2019.60.4.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Won Seok Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Jin Cho
- Department of Patholology, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn Joo Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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18
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Park H, Choi SG. Primary sebaceous carcinoma of lacrimal gland: A case report and review of literature. World J Clin Cases 2018; 6:1194-1198. [PMID: 30613681 PMCID: PMC6306633 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v6.i16.1194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary sebaceous carcinoma of lacrimal gland (SCLG) is extremely rare. Due to its clinical characteristics, it is often misdiagnosed. It is known to be aggressive so delay in diagnosis can increase the chance of local recurrence and metastasis. We report a case of primary SCLG.
CASE SUMMARY A 75-year-old man was referred with a painful swelling in the right eyelid. Computed tomography scan demonstrates a 2.6 cm mass in upper outer quadrant of right orbit. After the incisional biopsy of the mass, he was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of lacrimal gland. A right orbital exenteration, cervical lymph node dissection was performed. There was no involvement of the overlying periorbital skin, eyelid, or conjunctiva. Histological examination of the exenteration specimen showed tumor arising from the lacrimal gland, which had been entirely replaced by sebaceous carcinoma with sarcomatous and squamous differentiation. Neoplastic cells which were large and contained prominent nucleoli. Focal tumor remained in the posterior resection margin. Patient underwent adjuvant radiotherapy, total dose of 56 Gy with dose-per-fraction 2 Gy to primary lesion. There has been no sign of recurrence until 2-years follow-up.
CONCLUSION We report a rare case of sebaceous carcinoma arising from the lacrimal gland. Accurate diagnosis of SCLG is important for appropriate treatment and prognosis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyojung Park
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan 31116, South Korea
| | - Sang Gyu Choi
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan 31116, South Korea
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19
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Andreasen S, von Holstein SL, Homøe P, Heegaard S. Recurrent rearrangements of the PLAG1 and HMGA2 genes in lacrimal gland pleomorphic adenoma and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma. Acta Ophthalmol 2018; 96:e768-e771. [PMID: 29437290 DOI: 10.1111/aos.13667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lacrimal gland tumours constitute a wide spectrum of neoplastic lesions that are histologically similar to tumours of the salivary gland. In the salivary gland, pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is frequently characterized by recurrent chromosomal rearrangements of the PLAG1 and HMGA2 genes, a genetic feature retained in carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (ca-ex-PA) that makes it possible to distinguish ca-ex-PA from de novo carcinomas. However, whether PLAG1 and HMGA2 gene rearrangements are found in lacrimal gland PA and ca-ex-PA is not known. METHODS Twenty-one lacrimal gland PAs and four ca-ex-PAs were retrospectively reviewed and subjected to break-apart fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for rearrangements of the PLAG1 gene. Cases without PLAG1 abnormalities were subjected to HMGA2 break-apart FISH. Immunohistochemical staining for PLAG1 and HMGA2 protein was performed and correlated with gene status. RESULTS Sixteen of 21 PAs showed rearrangement of PLAG1 and were all positive for PLAG1 protein. Two of the remaining five PAs showed rearrangement of HMGA2 and were the only cases positive for HMGA2 with immunohistochemistry. The three FISH-negative PAs expressed PLAG1 protein. All four ca-ex-PAs showed rearrangement of PLAG1 and expressed PLAG1 protein. None of the de novo carcinomas showed rearrangement of either of the two genes or expression of the two proteins. CONCLUSION Rearrangement of PLAG1 and HMGA2 and expression of the corresponding proteins are frequent and specific findings in lacrimal gland PA and ca-ex-PA. The mechanism for PLAG1 overexpression in FISH-negative PAs is yet to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Andreasen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery; Zealand University Hospital; Køge Denmark
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Sarah L. von Holstein
- Department of Ophthalmology; Rigshospitalet-Glostrup; Glostrup Denmark
- Department of Ophthalmology; Zealand University Hospital; Roskilde Denmark
| | - Preben Homøe
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery; Zealand University Hospital; Køge Denmark
| | - Steffen Heegaard
- Department of Ophthalmology; Rigshospitalet-Glostrup; Glostrup Denmark
- Department of Pathology; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
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20
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Andreasen S, Tan Q, Agander TK, Steiner P, Bjørndal K, Høgdall E, Larsen SR, Erentaite D, Olsen CH, Ulhøi BP, von Holstein SL, Wessel I, Heegaard S, Homøe P. Adenoid cystic carcinomas of the salivary gland, lacrimal gland, and breast are morphologically and genetically similar but have distinct microRNA expression profiles. Mod Pathol 2018; 31:1211-1225. [PMID: 29467480 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-018-0005-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinoma is among the most frequent malignancies in the salivary and lacrimal glands and has a grave prognosis characterized by frequent local recurrences, distant metastases, and tumor-related mortality. Conversely, adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast is a rare type of triple-negative (estrogen and progesterone receptor, HER2) and basal-like carcinoma, which in contrast to other triple-negative and basal-like breast carcinomas has a very favorable prognosis. Irrespective of site, adenoid cystic carcinoma is characterized by gene fusions involving MYB, MYBL1, and NFIB, and the reason for the different clinical outcomes is unknown. In order to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying the discrepancy in clinical outcome, we characterized the phenotypic profiles, pattern of gene rearrangements, and global microRNA expression profiles of 64 salivary gland, 9 lacrimal gland, and 11 breast adenoid cystic carcinomas. All breast and lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinomas had triple-negative and basal-like phenotypes, while salivary gland tumors were indeterminate in 13% of cases. Aberrations in MYB and/or NFIB were found in the majority of cases in all three locations, whereas MYBL1 involvement was restricted to tumors in the salivary gland. Global microRNA expression profiling separated salivary and lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma from their respective normal glands but could not distinguish normal breast adenoid cystic carcinoma from normal breast tissue. Hierarchical clustering separated adenoid cystic carcinomas of salivary gland origin from those of the breast and placed lacrimal gland carcinomas in between these. Functional annotation of the microRNAs differentially expressed between salivary gland and breast adenoid cystic carcinoma showed these as regulating genes involved in metabolism, signal transduction, and genes involved in other cancers. In conclusion, microRNA dysregulation is the first class of molecules separating adenoid cystic carcinoma according to the site of origin. This highlights a novel venue for exploring the biology of adenoid cystic carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Andreasen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark. .,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Qihua Tan
- Department of Clinical Research, Unit of Human Genetics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Petr Steiner
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Bioptic Laboratory Ltd, Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Kristine Bjørndal
- Department of ORL-Head and Neck Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Estrid Høgdall
- Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Daiva Erentaite
- Department of Pathology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | | | - Sarah Linéa von Holstein
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Ophthalmology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Irene Wessel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steffen Heegaard
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet-Glostrup, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Preben Homøe
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauge Hjorth Mikkelsen
- Department of Pathology, Eye Pathology Section, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen
| | - Natacha Storm Würtz
- Department of Pathology, Eye Pathology Section, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steffen Heegaard
- Department of Pathology, Eye Pathology Section, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Andreasen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery; Zealand University Hospital; Køge Denmark
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23
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Hayashi K, Koto M, Ikawa H, Ogawa K, Kamada T. Efficacy and safety of carbon-ion radiotherapy for lacrimal gland carcinomas with extraorbital extension: a retrospective cohort study. Oncotarget 2018; 9:12932-40. [PMID: 29560121 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and safety of carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for patients with lacrimal gland carcinomas (LGCs) with extraorbital extension. Results The median follow-up period was 53.7 months. The 5-year local control and overall survival rates were 62% and 65%, respectively. Regarding late toxicities, 12 patients (36.4%) developed Grade 4 optic nerve disorders, including visual losses of the diseased side (N = 8; 66.7%), and 1 patient (3.0%) developed a Grade 3 optic nerve disorder. Three patients (9.0%) developed Grade 3 cataracts, 3 (9.0%) developed glaucoma, and 1 (3.0%) developed retinopathy. Two patients (6.1%) had Grade 4 central nervous system necrosis. No Grade 5 late toxicities were observed. The 5-year preservation rate of the ipsilateral eyeball was 86%. Conclusion Definitive CIRT is effective for LGCs with extraorbital extension with acceptable toxicity. Methods Thirty-three patients treated with CIRT at our institution were analyzed. Sixteen patients (48.5%) had adenoid cystic carcinoma, 8 (24.2%) had adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified, and 9 (27.3%) had other types of the disease. Thirty patients (90.9%) had T4c tumors. The prescribed doses were 57.6 Gy (relative biological effectiveness [RBE]) (N = 18; 54.5%) and 64.0 Gy (RBE) (N = 15; 45.5%) in 16 fractions.
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Mikkelsen LH, Andreasen S, Melchior LC, Persson M, Andersen JD, Pereira V, Toft PB, Morling N, Stenman G, Heegaard S. Genomic and immunohistochemical characterisation of a lacrimal gland oncocytoma and review of literature. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:4176-4182. [PMID: 28943925 PMCID: PMC5604129 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to report the genetic and immunohistochemical profile of a rare case of lacrimal gland oncocytoma. A 20-year-old male underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to viral encephalitis. Notably, the MRI revealed a multicystic tumor in the left lacrimal gland. A lateral orbitotomy was performed and the tumor was completely excised. Four months following surgery, the patient was free of symptoms. Histopathologically, the tumor was composed of large, eosinophilic and polyhedral cells with small round nuclei. The tumor cells stained strongly for antimitochondrial antibody MU213-UC, cytokeratin (CK) 5/6, CK 7, CK 17, CK 8/18 and CK 19. The final diagnosis was an oncocytoma of the lacrimal gland without any signs of malignancy. Array-based comparative genomic hybridisation demonstrated a gain of one copy of chromosome 8 and loss of one copy of chromosome 22 as the sole genomic imbalances. These chromosomal alterations have not previously been identified in oncocytoma and may be specific to lacrimal gland oncocytoma. Sequencing of the mitochondrial genome demonstrated multiple alterations of the NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 5 (ND5) gene involved in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. This may support the notion of a common genetic background of oncocytic lesions in the lacrimal gland and other anatomical sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauge Hjorth Mikkelsen
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simon Andreasen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Zealand University Hospital, 4600 Køge, Denmark.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Linea Cecilie Melchior
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marta Persson
- Department of Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jeppe Dyrberg Andersen
- Section of Forensic Genetics, Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vania Pereira
- Section of Forensic Genetics, Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Bjerre Toft
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Morling
- Section of Forensic Genetics, Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Göran Stenman
- Department of Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Steffen Heegaard
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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