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Shankar B, Singh T, Kumar B, Arora A, Kumar S, Singh BK. Solvent-free synthesis and in-silico molecular docking study of ( E)-3-(β- C-glycosylmethylidene)- N-aryl/alkyl succinimides. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:9398-9409. [PMID: 37982163 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01252b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Globally, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the leading cause of mortality associated with cervical cancer, oral cancer (oropharyngeal), and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). It is essential to explore anti-cancer drugs against life-threatening HPV infections. Aiming to search for potentially better anticancer agents, a small library of β-C-glycosylated methylidene succinimides have been synthesized under bulk and mechanical grinding conditions using the Wittig olefination reaction. Thus, the reaction of different 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-C-glycosyl aldehydes with N-aryl/alkyl maleimides in the presence of PPh3 at 25 °C under bulk and mechanical grinding conditions results in the formation of stereochemically defined (E)-3-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-C-glycosylmethylidene)-N-alkyl/phenyl succinimides, which upon debenzylation with 1 M BCl3 in DCM at -78 °C lead to the synthesis of (E)-3-(C-glycosylmethylidene)-N-alkyl/phenyl succinimides in good to excellent yields. The developed methodology is efficient and environmentally benign because there is no use of organic solvents, and the products are obtained in a stereochemically defined form and in high yields. The aqueous solubility of all synthesized β-C-glycosylated methylidene succinimides makes them potential candidates for the evaluation of their different biological activities. In the present work, the synthesized glycosylated alkylidine succinimides were subjected to an in-silico molecular docking study against the E6 oncoprotein of high-risk type HPV16, which is responsible for the inactivation of the tumor suppressor p53 protein. Analysis of the molecular docking data revealed that the synthesized compounds are effective inhibitors of HPV infection, which is the cause of oral, head and neck, and cervical cancer. In comparison with the positive control 5-FU, an anti-cancer drug used in chemotherapy, more than fifteen compounds were found to be better E6 protein inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawani Shankar
- Department of Chemistry, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110019, India.
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Tejveer Singh
- Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Banty Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Rajdhani College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110015, India
| | - Aditi Arora
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
| | - Brajendra K Singh
- Bioorganic Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India
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Singh T, Aggarwal N, Thakur K, Chhokar A, Yadav J, Tripathi T, Jadli M, Bhat A, Kumar A, Narula RH, Gupta P, Khurana A, Bharti AC. Evaluation of Therapeutic Potential of Selected Plant-Derived Homeopathic Medicines for their Action against Cervical Cancer. HOMEOPATHY 2023; 112:262-274. [PMID: 36858077 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-derived homeopathic medicines (HMs) are cheap and commercially available but are mechanistically less explored entities than conventional medicines. PURPOSE The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of selected plant-derived HMs derived from Berberis aquifolium (BA), Berberis vulgaris (BV), Mentha piperita (MP), Curcuma longa (CL), Cinchona officinalis (CO), Thuja occidentalis (TO) and Hydrastis canadensis (HC) on cervical cancer (CaCx) cells in vitro. METHODS We screened the mother tincture (MT) and 30C potencies of the above-mentioned HMs for anti-proliferative and cytotoxic activity on human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative (C33a) and HPV-positive CaCx cells (SiHa and HeLa) by MTT assay. Total phenolic content (TPC) and the free-radical scavenging activity of each HM was also determined using standard assays. Phytochemicals reportedly available in these HMs were examined for their potential inhibitory action on HPV16 E6 by in silico molecular docking. RESULTS All tested MTs induced a differential dose-dependent cytotoxic response that varied with cell line. For C33a cells, the order of response was TO > CL > BA > BV > HC > MP > CO, whereas for SiHa and HeLa cells the order was HC > MP > TO > CO > BA > BV > CL and CL > BA > CO, respectively. 30C potencies of all HMs showed an inconsistent response. Further, anti-CaCx responses displayed by MTs did not follow the order of an HM's phenolic content or free radical scavenging activity. Analysis revealed anti-oxidant content of BA, BV and HC had the lowest contribution to their anti-CaCx activity. Using in silico modeling of molecular docking between the HPV16 E6 protein crystallographic structures (6SJA and 4XR8) and main phytochemical components of BV, BA, HC, CL and TO, their potential to inhibit the HPV16 E6 protein carcinogenic interactions was identified. CONCLUSION The study has shown a comparative evaluation of the potential of several plant-derived MTs and HMs to affect CaCx cell line survival in vitro (through cytotoxicity and free radical scavenging) and their theoretical molecular targets in silico for the first time. Data demonstrated that MTs of BA and BV are likely to be the most potent HMs that strongly inhibited CaCx growth and have a strong anti-HPV phytochemical constitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejveer Singh
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Kulbhushan Thakur
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Mohit Jadli
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Anjali Bhat
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. D.P. Rastogi Central Research Institute of Homeopathy, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Pankaj Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. D.P. Rastogi Central Research Institute of Homeopathy, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anil Khurana
- Central Council for Research in Homeopathy, New Delhi, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Huang W, Xu H, Hu H, Zhang D, Liu Y, Guo Y, Xiao F, Chen W, Ma Z. The prevalence of human papillomavirus among women in northern Guangdong Province of China. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13353. [PMID: 35922661 PMCID: PMC9349279 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17632-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, cervical cancer, whose etiologic factor is Human papillomavirus (HPV), is the third most common cancer among women. In cervical cancer screening, HPV testing is important. However, the prevalence of HPV in northern Guangdong Province has not been conclusively determined. A total of 100,994 women attending Yuebei People's Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University Medical College between 2012 and 2020 were recruited. HPV was tested by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based hybridization gene chip assay. The prevalence of HPV among these women was established to be19.04%. Peak prevalence was observed in women aged 40-49 (7.29%). Besides, the prevalence of single-type HPV infection (14.46%) was significantly high, compared to multiple-type infection (4.58%) (p < 0.01), while the prevalence of high-risk HPV infection (19.97%) was significantly higher than that of low-risk genotypes (5.48%) (p < 0.01). The most prevalent high-risk genotypes were HPV52 (4.16%), HPV16 (2.98%), HPV58 (2.15%), HPV53 (1.58%) and HPV68 (1.34%). HPV co-infection with up to 10 genotypes was reported for the first time. Our findings suggested a high burden of HPV infections among women in northern Guangdong. Establishing the prevalence and genotype distribution characteristics of HPV infections in the region can contribute to cervical cancer prevention through HPV vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Huang
- Yuebei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, 512026, China
| | - Hongyan Xu
- Yuebei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, 512026, China
| | - Hongbo Hu
- Yuebei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, 512026, China
| | - Dingmei Zhang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yulan Liu
- Yuebei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, 512026, China
| | - Yanle Guo
- Yuebei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, 512026, China
| | - Fengjin Xiao
- Yuebei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, 512026, China
| | - Weijuan Chen
- Yuebei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, 512026, China
| | - Zhanzhong Ma
- Yuebei People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shaoguan, 512026, China
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Tuli HS, Yerer MB, Sak K. Editorial: Current Aspects in Chemopreventive Strategies, Volume II. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:961334. [PMID: 35910369 PMCID: PMC9336527 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.961334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Ambala, India
- *Correspondence: Hardeep Singh Tuli,
| | - Mükerrem Betül Yerer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Peraza-Labrador A, Buitrago DM, Coy-Barrera E, Perdomo-Lara SJ. Antiproliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Effects of a Phenolic-Rich Extract from Lycium barbarum Fruits on Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16-Positive Head Cancer Cell Lines. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113568. [PMID: 35684505 PMCID: PMC9182172 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro antiproliferative activity of a phenolic-rich extract from Lycium barbarum fruits against head and neck HPV16 squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been demonstrated, indicating for the first time that L. barbarum extract inhibits human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 cell lines. Ethanol extract of L. barbarum was used for cell viability evaluation on SCC090, CAL27, and HGnF cell lines. After 24 and 48 h, the cell cycle effect of L. barbarum extract (at 1.0, 10, and 100 µg/mL) was measured via flow cytometry. In addition, the mRNA expression on E6/E7 and p53 via RT-PCR and the expression of p16, p53, Ki-67, and Bcl-2 via immunohistochemistry were also determined. Untreated cells, 20 µM cisplatin, and a Camellia sinensis-derived extract were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. We demonstrated that the studied L. barbarum extract resulted in G0/G1 arrest and S phase accumulation in SCC090 at 1.0 and 10 μg/mL. A reduction in mRNA levels of E6/E7 oncogenes (p < 0.05) with p53 overexpression was also observed through PCR, while immunohistochemical analyses indicated p16 overexpression (p > 0.05) and a decrease in p53 overexpression. The observed effects were associated with anticancer and immunomodulatory phenolics, such as flavonols/flavan-3-ols and tyramine-conjugated hydroxycinnamic acid amides, identified in the studied extract. These findings revealed that the phenolic-rich extract of L. barbarum fruits has promising properties to be considered further for developing new therapies against oral and oropharyngeal HPV lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Peraza-Labrador
- Unit of Basic Oral Investigation-UIBO, School of Dentistry, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 110121, Colombia; (A.P.-L.); (D.M.B.)
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Group-INMUBO, School of Dentistry, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 110121, Colombia
| | - Diana Marcela Buitrago
- Unit of Basic Oral Investigation-UIBO, School of Dentistry, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 110121, Colombia; (A.P.-L.); (D.M.B.)
| | - Ericsson Coy-Barrera
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Cajicá 250247, Colombia;
| | - Sandra J. Perdomo-Lara
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Group-INMUBO, School of Dentistry, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá 110121, Colombia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +57-164-89000
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Bhattacharjee R, Das SS, Biswal SS, Nath A, Das D, Basu A, Malik S, Kumar L, Kar S, Singh SK, Upadhye VJ, Iqbal D, Almojam S, Roychoudhury S, Ojha S, Ruokolainen J, Jha NK, Kesari KK. Mechanistic Role of HPV-Associated Early Proteins in Cervical Cancer: Molecular Pathways and Targeted Therapeutic Strategies. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 174:103675. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Singh T, Chhokar A, Thakur K, Aggarwal N, Pragya P, Yadav J, Tripathi T, Jadli M, Bhat A, Gupta P, Khurana A, Chandra Bharti A. Targeting Aberrant Expression of STAT3 and AP-1 Oncogenic Transcription Factors and HPV Oncoproteins in Cervical Cancer by Berberis aquifolium. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:757414. [PMID: 34776976 PMCID: PMC8580881 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.757414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Present study examines phytochemical preparation that uses berberine's plant source B. aquifolium root for availability of similar anti-cervical cancer (CaCx) and anti-HPV activities to facilitate repurposing of the B. aquifolium based drug in the treatment of CaCx. Purpose: To evaluate therapeutic potential of different concentrations of ethanolic extract of B. aquifolium root mother tincture (BAMT) against HPV-positive (HPV16: SiHa, HPV18: HeLa) and HPV-negative (C33a) CaCx cell lines at molecular oncogenic level. Materials and Methods: BAMT was screened for anti-proliferative activity by MTT assay. Cell cycle progression was analyzed by flowcytometry. Then, the expression level of STAT3, AP-1, HPV E6 and E7 was detected by immunoblotting, whereas nuclear localization was observed by fluorescence microscopy. Phytochemicals reportedly available in BAMT were examined for their inhibitory action on HPV16 E6 by in silico molecular docking. Results: BAMT induced a dose-dependent decline in CaCx cell viability in all cell types tested. Flowcytometric evaluation of BAMT-treated cells showed a small but specific cell growth arrest in G1-phase. BAMT-treatment resulted in reduced protein expression of key transcription factors, STAT3 with a decline of its active form pSTAT3 (Y705); and components of AP-1 complex, JunB and c-Jun. Immunocytochemistry revealed that BAMT did not prevent the entry of remnant active transcription factor to the nucleus, but loss of overall transcription factor activity resulted in reduced availability of transcription factors in the cancer cells. These changes were accompanied by gradual loss of HPV E6 and E7 protein in BAMT-treated HPV-positive cells. Molecular docking of reported active phytochemicals in B. aquifolium root was performed, which indicated a potential interference of HPV16 E6's interaction with pivotal cellular targets p53, E6AP or both by constituent phytochemicals. Among these, berberine, palmatine and magnoflorine showed highest E6 inhibitory potential. Conclusion: Overall, BAMT showed multi-pronged therapeutic potential against HPV infection and cervical cancer and the study described the underlying molecular mechanism of its action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejveer Singh
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India
| | - Kulbhushan Thakur
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India
| | - Pragya Pragya
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India
| | - Mohit Jadli
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India
| | - Anjali Bhat
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India
| | - Pankaj Gupta
- Dr. DP. Rastogi Central Research Institute of Homeopathy, Noida, India
| | - Anil Khurana
- Central Council for Research in Homeopathy, New Delhi, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India
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Aggarwal N, Yadav J, Chhakara S, Janjua D, Tripathi T, Chaudhary A, Chhokar A, Thakur K, Singh T, Bharti AC. Phytochemicals as Potential Chemopreventive and Chemotherapeutic Agents for Emerging Human Papillomavirus-Driven Head and Neck Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Prospects. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:699044. [PMID: 34354591 PMCID: PMC8329252 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.699044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) usually arises from squamous cells of the upper aerodigestive tract that line the mucosal surface in the head and neck region. In India, HNC is common in males, and it is the sixth most common cancer globally. Conventionally, HNC attributes to the use of alcohol or chewing tobacco. Over the past four decades, portions of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive HNC are increasing at an alarming rate. Identification based on the etiological factors and molecular signatures demonstrates that these neoplastic lesions belong to a distinct category that differs in pathological characteristics and therapeutic response. Slow development in HNC therapeutics has resulted in a low 5-year survival rate in the last two decades. Interestingly, HPV-positive HNC has shown better outcomes following conservative treatments and immunotherapies. This raises demand to have a pre-therapy assessment of HPV status to decide the treatment strategy. Moreover, there is no HPV-specific treatment for HPV-positive HNC patients. Accumulating evidence suggests that phytochemicals are promising leads against HNC and show potential as adjuvants to chemoradiotherapy in HNC. However, only a few of these phytochemicals target HPV. The aim of the present article was to collate data on various leading phytochemicals that have shown promising results in the prevention and treatment of HNC in general and HPV-driven HNC. The review explores the possibility of using these leads against HPV-positive tumors as some of the signaling pathways are common. The review also addresses various challenges in the field that prevent their use in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Suhail Chhakara
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Divya Janjua
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Apoorva Chaudhary
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Kulbhushan Thakur
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tejveer Singh
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Dass SA, Selva Rajan R, Tye GJ, Balakrishnan V. The potential applications of T cell receptor (TCR)-like antibody in cervical cancer immunotherapy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:2981-2994. [PMID: 33989511 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1913960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is ranked as the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide. Monoclonal antibody has created a new dimension in the immunotherapy of many diseases, including cervical cancer. The antibody's ability to target various aspects of cervical cancer (oncoviruses, oncoproteins, and signaling pathways) delivers a promising future for efficient immunotherapy. Besides, technologies such as hybridoma and phage display provide a fundamental platform for monoclonal antibody generation and create the opportunity to generate novel antibody classes including, T cell receptor (TCR)-like antibody. In this review, the current immunotherapy strategies for cervical cancer are presented. We have also proposed a novel concept of T cell receptor (TCR)-like antibody and its potential applications for enhancing cervical cancer therapeutics. Finally, the possible challenges in TCR-like antibody application for cervical cancer therapeutics have been addressed, and strategies to overcome the challenges have been highlighted to maximize the therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Annabel Dass
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Malaysia
| | - Rehasri Selva Rajan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Malaysia
| | - Gee Jun Tye
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Malaysia
| | - Venugopal Balakrishnan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Malaysia
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Shih WL, Fang CT, Chen PJ. Chapter XX Antiviral Treatment and Cancer Control. Recent Results Cancer Res 2021; 217:325-354. [PMID: 33200371 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-57362-1_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human papilloma virus (HPV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV) contribute to about 10-15% global burden of human cancers. Conventional chemotherapy or molecular target therapies have been used to treat virus-associated cancers. However, a more proactive approach would be the use of antiviral treatment to suppress or eliminate viral infections to prevent the occurrence of cancer in the first place. Antiviral treatments against chronic HBV and HCV infection have achieved this goal, with significant reduction in the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in treated patients. Antiviral treatments for EBV, KSHV, and HTLV-1 had limited success in treating refractory EBV-associated lymphoma and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder, KSHV-associated Kaposi's sarcoma in AIDS patients, and HTLV-1-associated acute, chronic, and smoldering subtypes of adult T-cell lymphoma, respectively. Therapeutic HPV vaccine and RNA interference-based therapies for treating HPV-associated infection or cervical cancers also showed some encouraging results. Taken together, antiviral therapies have yielded promising results in cancer prevention and treatment. More large-scale studies in a real-world setting are necessary to confirm the efficacy of antiviral therapy. Further investigation for more effective and convenient antiviral regimens warrants more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Liang Shih
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tai Fang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jer Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Karimi H, Soleimanjahi H, Abdoli A, Banijamali RS. Combination therapy using human papillomavirus L1/E6/E7 genes and archaeosome: a nanovaccine confer immuneadjuvanting effects to fight cervical cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5787. [PMID: 32238821 PMCID: PMC7113280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62448-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Cervical cancer caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major health problem in women. DNA vaccines are a perfect approach to immunization, but their potency in clinical trials has been insufficient for generating effective immunity, which may be related to the degradation of the DNA via nucleases, poor delivery to antigen-presenting cells (APCs), and insufficient uptake of DNA plasmids by cells upon injection. Archaeosome is a nano-delivery systems based on liposomes with their immunological role have been developed for gene delivery. In this study, human papillomavirus type 16 genes, containing truncated L1, E6, and E7, were simultaneously used in combination therapy with archaeosome and assessed in vivo. Findings supported that archaeosomes promotes immune responses to DNA vaccines and a long-term CTL response was generated with a low antigen dose. Combination therapy with archaeosome/L1/E6/E7 vaccines exhibited a strong cytolytic activity against tumor cells and induced prophylactic and therapeutic effect against the development of tumor in the animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Karimi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoorieh Soleimanjahi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Asghar Abdoli
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Sadat Banijamali
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Li C, Guo L, Liu G, Guo M, Wei H, Yang Q, Wang J, Chen H. Reprogrammed CRISPR-Cas13a targeting the HPV16/18 E6 gene inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in E6-transformed keratinocytes. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:3856-3860. [PMID: 32346451 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The long-lasting infection of high-risk type (type 16 or type 18) human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of gynecological and urinary malignancies. Given the high mortality rate after surgery, the development of a new molecular therapy would be of value to clinicians. The aim of the present study was to achieve targeted inactivation of the viral E6 gene in keratinocytes using the reprogrammed CRISPR-Cas13a system. To accomplish this, a reprogrammed CRISPR-Cas13a system, targeting both the HPV16/18 E6 genes was constructed using a guide RNA expressing vector. The expression levels of E6 protein were measured using western blot analysis after transfection of the vector into E6-transformed keratin oocytes. Cell proliferation was analyzed using CCK-8 assays and cell apoptosis was evaluated using Hoechst 33258 staining and ELISAs examining caspase-3 levels. The results indicated that both the HPV16/18 E6 genes can be inactivated using the CRISPR-Cas13a system. Furthermore, silencing E6 inhibited cell proliferation (14±1.8% on average) and induced apoptosis (80.2±3.2% on average) in E6-transformed keratinocytes but not in normal keratinocytes. In conclusion, results of the present study demonstrate that the reprogrammed CRISPR-Cas13a system has the potential for inactivating HPV E6 gene functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjing Li
- Department of Urology, Foshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Liwen Guo
- Department of Gynecology, Ningde Municipal Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Ningde, Fujian 352100, P.R. China
| | - Guoqing Liu
- Department of Urology, Foshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Mingjuan Guo
- Department of Urology, Foshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Huiling Wei
- Department of Urology, Foshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Qiqiong Yang
- Department of Urology, Foshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Department of Urology, Foshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Huihua Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Ningde Municipal Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Ningde, Fujian 352100, P.R. China
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Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cervical cancer is a major health issue among women from the poorly/under-developed sectors of the world. It accounts for a high-mortality rate because of its late diagnosis and poor prognosis. Initial establishment and subsequent progression of this form of cancer are completely dependent on two major oncogenes E6 and E7, which are expressed constitutively leading to tumorigenesis. Thus, manipulation of these genes represents the most successful form of cervical cancer therapy. In the present article, information on structural, functional, and clinical dimensions of E6 and E7 activity has been reviewed. The genome organization and protein structure of E6 and E7 have been discussed followed by their mechanism to establish the six major cancer hallmarks in cervical tissues for tumor propagation. The later section of this review article deals with the different modes of therapeutics, which functions by deregulating E6 and E7 activity. Since E6 and E7 are the biomarkers of a cervical cancer cell and are the ones driving the cancer progression, therapeutic approaches targeting E6 and E7 have been proved to be highly efficient in terms of focused removal of abnormally propagating malignant cells. Therapeutics including different forms of vaccines to advanced genome editing techniques, which suppress E6 and E7 activity, have been found to successfully bring down the population of cervical cancer cells infected with HPV. T-cell mediated immunotherapy is another upcoming successful form of treatment to eradicate HPV-infected tumorigenic cells. Additionally, therapeutics using natural compounds from plants or other natural repositories, i.e., phytotherapeutic approaches have also been reviewed here, which prove their anticancer potential through E6 and E7 inhibitory effects. Thus, E6 and E7 repression through any of these methods is a significant approach toward cervical cancer therapy, described in details in this review along with an insight into the signaling pathways and molecular mechanistic of E6 and E7 action.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rita Kundu
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Studies, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
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Schlenker B, Schneede P. The Role of Human Papilloma Virus in Penile Cancer Prevention and New Therapeutic Agents. Eur Urol Focus 2019; 5:42-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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