Effect of severe hemorrhage on the hemoglobins of a Virginian white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)

Relationship between Blood Parameters and Outcome in Rescued Roe Deer

Veterinary facility admissions of wild animals are increasing alongside the interest in wildlife diseases. To improve animal welfare, it is therefore important to increase veterinarians’ knowledge of wild animal medicine and to improve the clinical and diagnostic procedures, especially in the case of patients affected by trauma or multiple traumas. Blood analysis can be a quick and minimally invasive way of gathering useful clinical information for adequate treatment and management, and, together with a good clinical examination, to help predict hospitalisation outcomes. Few papers have reported reference ranges for the haematological and biochemical parameters of roe deer. This study evaluates the haematological and biochemical parameters in traumatised roe deer in relation to animal hospitalisation outcomes. The study was carried out on a cohort of 98 roe deer divided into groups according to their age and hospitalisation outcome. For each animal, a panel of haematological and biochemical parameters was performed. Significant differences were found between unweaned (<4 months old) groups in terms of MCV, MCH, CK, creatinine, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and indirect bilirubin, and between weaned (>4 months old) groups for total bilirubin. Creatine kinase, creatinine, and bilirubin may be useful indicators to correlate with the severity of trauma and help predict prognosis.

Comparative aspects of biochemical polymorphism in the blood of Caprinae species and their hybrids

Biochemical variation at 14 blood loci was reviewed, and specific features compared experimentally in sheep Ovis aries, mouflon Ovis musimon, goat Capra hircus, aoudad Ammotragus Iervia and in 2 stillborn aoudad X goat hybrids. Variation at 3 loci was also studied in dall sheep Ovis dalli, bighorn sheep Ovis canadensis and rocky mountain goat Oreamnos americanus. Haemoglobin C production in an anaemic Hb AB mouflon and in mouflon X sheep hybrids was examined. Mouflon differ from domestic sheep in that synthesis of both Hb beta A and Hb beta B chains is switched off during Hb C production. The mouflon X sheep hybrids switched off one or both chains depending on whether they had inherited sheep or mouflon Hb beta chain genes. In general aoudad showed a closer affinity to goats than to sheep.

Investigations of the induction of the goat beta(C) globin gene by erythropoietin: studies in transgenic mice

The genes of the beta globin locus of sheep and goats undergo three developmental switches, from embryonic epsilon to fetal gamma to juvenile beta(C) and from beta(C) to adult beta(A). The juvenile beta(C) gene of adult goats and sheep are strikingly induced by erythropoietin (Epo). To obtain insights on the mechanism of beta(C) induction by Epo, we produced transgenic mice carrying various beta(C) gene constructs and examined the inducibility of the beta(C) gene following administration of high doses of erythropoietin. None of the treatments resulted in reproducible induction of the beta(C) gene by erythropoietin. We conclude that the Epo inducibility elements are not contained in the 4.7 kb (which included 0.88 kb of the beta(C) promoter and 2.3 kb downstream sequence) beta(C) gene we used or that a trans-acting environment specific to the goat and sheep erythroid cell lineage is required for induction of the beta(C) globin gene by erythropoietin.