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Moosa F, du Plessis M, Weigand MR, Peng Y, Mogale D, de Gouveia L, Nunes MC, Madhi SA, Zar HJ, Reubenson G, Ismail A, Tondella ML, Cohen C, Walaza S, von Gottberg A, Wolter N. Genomic characterization of Bordetella pertussis in South Africa, 2015-2019. Microb Genom 2023; 9:001162. [PMID: 38117675 PMCID: PMC10763497 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.001162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pertussis remains a public health concern in South Africa, with an increase in reported cases and outbreaks in recent years. Whole genome sequencing was performed on 32 Bordetella pertussis isolates sourced from three different surveillance programmes in South Africa between 2015 and 2019. Genome sequences were characterized using multilocus sequence typing, vaccine antigen genes (ptxP, ptxA, ptxB, prn and fimH) and overall genome structure. All isolates were sequence type 2 and harboured the pertussis toxin promoter allele ptxP3. The dominant genotype was ptxP3-ptxA1-ptxB2-prn2-fimH2 (31/32, 96.9 %), with no pertactin-deficient or other mutations in vaccine antigen genes identified. Amongst 21 isolates yielding closed genome assemblies, eight distinct genome structures were detected, with 61.9 % (13/21) of the isolates exhibiting three predominant structures. Increases in case numbers are probably not due to evolutionary changes in the genome but possibly due to other factors such as the cyclical nature of B. pertussis disease, waning immunity due to the use of acellular vaccines and/or population immunity gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahima Moosa
- Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mignon du Plessis
- Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Michael R. Weigand
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yanhui Peng
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Dineo Mogale
- Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Linda de Gouveia
- Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Marta C. Nunes
- Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation, Vaccine Preventable Diseases, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Shabir A. Madhi
- South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Wits Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Heather J. Zar
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross Children’s Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa; MRC Unit on Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gary Reubenson
- Rahima Moosa Mother & Child Hospital, Department of Pediatrics & Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Arshad Ismail
- Sequencing Core Facility, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - M. Lucia Tondella
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Cheryl Cohen
- Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sibongile Walaza
- Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Anne von Gottberg
- Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Nicole Wolter
- Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Matczak S, Bouchez V, Leroux P, Douché T, Collinet N, Landier A, Gianetto QG, Guillot S, Chamot-Rooke J, Hasan M, Matondo M, Brisse S, Toubiana J. Biological differences between FIM2 and FIM3 fimbriae of Bordetella pertussis: not just the serotype. Microbes Infect 2023; 25:105152. [PMID: 37245862 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2023.105152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bordetella pertussis still circulates worldwide despite vaccination. Fimbriae are components of some acellular pertussis vaccines. Population fluctuations of B. pertussis fimbrial serotypes (FIM2 and FIM3) are observed, and fim3 alleles (fim3-1 [clade 1] and fim3-2 [clade 2]) mark a major phylogenetic subdivision of B. pertussis. OBJECTIVES To compare microbiological characteristics and expressed protein profiles between fimbrial serotypes FIM2 and FIM3 and genomic clades. METHODS A total of 19 isolates were selected. Absolute protein abundance of the main virulence factors, autoagglutination and biofilm formation, bacterial survival in whole blood, induced blood cell cytokine secretion, and global proteome profiles were assessed. RESULTS Compared to FIM3, FIM2 isolates produced more fimbriae, less cellular pertussis toxin subunit 1 and more biofilm, but auto-agglutinated less. FIM2 isolates had a lower survival rate in cord blood, but induced higher levels of IL-4, IL-8 and IL-1β secretion. Global proteome comparisons uncovered 15 differentially produced proteins between FIM2 and FIM3 isolates, involved in adhesion and metabolism of metals. FIM3 isolates of clade 2 produced more FIM3 and more biofilm compared to clade 1. CONCLUSION FIM serotype and fim3 clades are associated with proteomic and other biological differences, which may have implications on pathogenesis and epidemiological emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Matczak
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, 28, Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Bouchez
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, 28, Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France; National Reference Center for Whooping Cough and Other Bordetella Infections, Institut Pasteur, 28, Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Pauline Leroux
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, 28, Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Thibaut Douché
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UAR2024, Proteomics Platform, Mass Spectrometry for Biology Unit, 28, Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Nils Collinet
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, 28, Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Annie Landier
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, 28, Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France; National Reference Center for Whooping Cough and Other Bordetella Infections, Institut Pasteur, 28, Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Quentin Giai Gianetto
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UAR2024, Proteomics Platform, Mass Spectrometry for Biology Unit, 28, Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, 28, Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Guillot
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, 28, Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France; National Reference Center for Whooping Cough and Other Bordetella Infections, Institut Pasteur, 28, Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Julia Chamot-Rooke
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UAR2024, Proteomics Platform, Mass Spectrometry for Biology Unit, 28, Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Milena Hasan
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Cytometry and Biomarkers Unit of Technology and Service (CB UTechS), 28, Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Mariette Matondo
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UAR2024, Proteomics Platform, Mass Spectrometry for Biology Unit, 28, Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Brisse
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, 28, Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France; National Reference Center for Whooping Cough and Other Bordetella Infections, Institut Pasteur, 28, Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Julie Toubiana
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, 28, Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France; National Reference Center for Whooping Cough and Other Bordetella Infections, Institut Pasteur, 28, Rue Du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France; Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Université Paris Cité, 149, Rue de Sèvres, 75015, Paris, France.
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Szwejser-Zawislak E, Wilk MM, Piszczek P, Krawczyk J, Wilczyńska D, Hozbor D. Evaluation of Whole-Cell and Acellular Pertussis Vaccines in the Context of Long-Term Herd Immunity. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 11:vaccines11010001. [PMID: 36679846 PMCID: PMC9863224 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
After the pertussis vaccine had been introduced in the 1940s and was shown to be very successful in reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with the disease, the possibility of improving both vaccine composition and vaccination schedules has become the subject of continuous interest. As a result, we are witnessing a considerable heterogeneity in pertussis vaccination policies, which remains beyond universal consensus. Many pertussis-related deaths still occur in low- and middle-income countries; however, these deaths are attributable to gaps in vaccination coverage and limited access to healthcare in these countries, rather than to the poor efficacy of the first generation of pertussis vaccine consisting in inactivated and detoxified whole cell pathogen (wP). In many, particularly high-income countries, a switch was made in the 1990s to the use of acellular pertussis (aP) vaccine, to reduce the rate of post-vaccination adverse events and thereby achieve a higher percentage of children vaccinated. However the epidemiological data collected over the past few decades, even in those high-income countries, show an increase in pertussis prevalence and morbidity rates, triggering a wide-ranging debate on the causes of pertussis resurgence and the effectiveness of current pertussis prevention strategies, as well as on the efficacy of available pertussis vaccines and immunization schedules. The current article presents a systematic review of scientific reports on the evaluation of the use of whole-cell and acellular pertussis vaccines, in the context of long-term immunity and vaccines efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Szwejser-Zawislak
- Institute of Biotechnology of Serums and Vaccines Biomed, Al. Sosnowa 8, 30-224 Krakow, Poland
| | - Mieszko M. Wilk
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Piotr Piszczek
- Institute of Biotechnology of Serums and Vaccines Biomed, Al. Sosnowa 8, 30-224 Krakow, Poland
| | - Justyna Krawczyk
- Institute of Biotechnology of Serums and Vaccines Biomed, Al. Sosnowa 8, 30-224 Krakow, Poland
| | - Daria Wilczyńska
- Institute of Biotechnology of Serums and Vaccines Biomed, Al. Sosnowa 8, 30-224 Krakow, Poland
| | - Daniela Hozbor
- VacSal Laboratory, Institute of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, National University of La Plata (UNLP), National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), La Plata 1900, Argentina
- Correspondence:
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