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Liu J, Yuan Q, Guo H, Guan H, Hong Z, Shang D. Deciphering drug resistance in gastric cancer: Potential mechanisms and future perspectives. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116310. [PMID: 38394851 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant tumor that originates from the epithelium of the gastric mucosa. The latest global cancer statistics show that GC ranks fifth in incidence and fourth in mortality among all cancers, posing a serious threat to public health. While early-stage GC is primarily treated through surgery, chemotherapy is the frontline option for advanced cases. Currently, commonly used chemotherapy regimens include FOLFOX (oxaliplatin + leucovorin + 5-fluorouracil) and XELOX (oxaliplatin + capecitabine). However, with the widespread use of chemotherapy, an increasing number of cases of drug resistance have emerged. This article primarily explores the potential mechanisms of chemotherapy resistance in GC patients from five perspectives: cell death, tumor microenvironment, non-coding RNA, epigenetics, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Additionally, it proposes feasibility strategies to overcome drug resistance from four angles: cancer stem cells, tumor microenvironment, natural products, and combined therapy. The hope is that this article will provide guidance for researchers in the field and bring hope to more GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qihang Yuan
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hui Guo
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hewen Guan
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Zhijun Hong
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Dong Shang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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2
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WANG WEIXUE, WANG TONGTONG, ZHANG YAN, DENG TING, ZHANG HAIYANG, BA YI. Gastric cancer secreted miR-214-3p inhibits the anti-angiogenesis effect of apatinib by suppressing ferroptosis in vascular endothelial cells. Oncol Res 2024; 32:489-502. [PMID: 38370339 PMCID: PMC10874472 DOI: 10.32604/or.2023.046676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Different from necrosis, apoptosis, autophagy and other forms of cell death, ferroptosis is a mechanism that catalyzes lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids under the action of iron divalent or lipoxygenase, leading to cell death. Apatinib is currently used in the third-line standard treatment of advanced gastric cancer, targeting the anti-angiogenesis pathway. However, Apatinib-mediated ferroptosis in vascular endothelial cells has not been reported yet. Tumor-secreted exosomes can be taken up into target cells to regulate tumor development, but the mechanism related to vascular endothelial cell ferroptosis has not yet been discovered. Here, we show that exosomes secreted by gastric cancer cells carry miR-214-3p into vascular endothelial cells and directly target zinc finger protein A20 to negatively regulate ACSL4, a key enzyme of lipid peroxidation during ferroptosis, thereby inhibiting ferroptosis in vascular endothelial cells and reducing the efficiency of Apatinib. In conclusion, inhibition of miR-214-3p can increase the sensitivity of vascular endothelial cells to Apatinib, thereby promoting the antiangiogenic effect of Apatinib, suggesting a potential combination therapy for advanced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - YAN ZHANG
- Department of GI Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - TING DENG
- Department of GI Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - HAIYANG ZHANG
- Department of GI Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - YI BA
- Department of GI Medical Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
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3
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Liang Z, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Song J, Jin J, Qian H. Anticancer applications of phytochemicals in gastric cancer: Effects and molecular mechanism. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1078090. [PMID: 36712679 PMCID: PMC9877357 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1078090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common malignant cancer and is a life-threatening disease worldwide. Phytochemicals have been shown to be a rational, safe, non-toxic, and very promising approach to the prevention and treatment of cancer. It has been found that phytochemicals have protective effects against GC through inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis and autophagy, suppressing cell invasion and migration, anti-angiogenesis, inhibit Helicobacter pylori infection, regulating the microenvironment. In recent years, the role of phytochemicals in the occurrence, development, drug resistance and prognosis of GC has attracted more and more attention. In order to better understand the relationship between phytochemicals and gastric cancer, we briefly summarize the roles and functions of phytochemicals in GC tumorigenesis, development and prognosis. This review will probably help guide the public to prevent the occurrence and development of GC through phytochemicals, and develop functional foods or drugs for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofeng Liang
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Chang Zhou, China,Department of laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China,*Correspondence: Zhaofeng Liang, ; Jianhua Jin, ; Hui Qian,
| | - Yumeng Xu
- Department of laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Department of laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jiajia Song
- Department of laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jianhua Jin
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Chang Zhou, China,*Correspondence: Zhaofeng Liang, ; Jianhua Jin, ; Hui Qian,
| | - Hui Qian
- Wujin Institute of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Jiangsu University, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Chang Zhou, China,Department of laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China,*Correspondence: Zhaofeng Liang, ; Jianhua Jin, ; Hui Qian,
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4
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Nie C, Lv H, Chen B, Xu W, Wang J, Wang S, Liu Y, He Y, Zhao J, Chen X. High DCR and Better Survival in Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Gastric Cancer Receiving Anti-Angiogenic TKI plus Chemotherapy: A Real-World Study. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338221150561. [PMID: 36632666 PMCID: PMC9982383 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221150561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study was carried out to assess the efficacy and drug toxicity of anti-angiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) plus chemotherapy as second-line or above therapeutic regime in advanced or metastatic gastric cancer patients. Methods: From November 2017 to April 2020, advanced or metastatic gastric cancer patients who have failed from prior treatment and received apatinib combined with irinotecan or irinotecan treatment were analyzed. The primary observed indicator was progression-free survival (PFS). Objective: response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), and drug toxicity were also evaluated. Results: 26 patients received apatinib combined with irinotecan and 29 patients received irinotecan. The ORR in the combination therapy and monotherapy population was 26.9% and 17.2%, respectively. The DCR in the apatinib combined with irinotecan group was higher than in irinotecan monotherapy population (80.8% vs 55.2%, P = .043). Median PFS was 4.2 months in the combination group and 3.3 months in the monotherapy group (P = .020). Median OS was 8.0 months in the combination group and 5.9 months in the monotherapy group (P = .048). Except for ECOG PS 2, PFS and OS were generally consistent across subgroups by sex, age, number of metastatic sites and primary tumor site. The incidence of Grade 3-4 adverse events in combination and monotherapy group was 23.1% and 20.7%, respectively. In apatinib combined with irinotecan group, adverse events that were attributed to apatinib were secondary hypertension (in seven patients, 26.9%), hand-foot syndrome (5,19.2%), and proteinuria (5, 19.2%). Univariate analysis demonstrated that secondary hypertension was considered to be a favorable factor (P = .040) for longer OS in combination therapy group. Conclusions: Compared with chemotherapy alone, anti-angiogenic TKI plus chemotherapy showed better PFS, OS and DCR in advanced or metastatic gastric cancer as second-line or above therapy, with a tolerable and manageable safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyun Nie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of
Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention &
Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Engineering Research Center of Precision Therapy of
Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou, China,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal
Cancer, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huifang Lv
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of
Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention &
Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Engineering Research Center of Precision Therapy of
Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou, China,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal
Cancer, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of
Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention &
Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Engineering Research Center of Precision Therapy of
Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou, China,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal
Cancer, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of
Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention &
Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Engineering Research Center of Precision Therapy of
Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou, China,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal
Cancer, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianzheng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of
Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention &
Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Engineering Research Center of Precision Therapy of
Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou, China,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal
Cancer, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Saiqi Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of
Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention &
Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Engineering Research Center of Precision Therapy of
Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou, China,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal
Cancer, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingjun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of
Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yunduan He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of
Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention &
Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Engineering Research Center of Precision Therapy of
Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou, China,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal
Cancer, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of
Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention &
Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Engineering Research Center of Precision Therapy of
Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou, China,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal
Cancer, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of
Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention &
Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,Henan Engineering Research Center of Precision Therapy of
Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou, China,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal
Cancer, Zhengzhou, China,Xiaobing Chen, Department of Medical
Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer
Hospital, No. 127 Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou City, Henan
Province 450008, China.
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5
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Zhang T, Cao W, Sun H, Yu D, Zhong C. Diallyl Trisulfide Suppresses the Renal Cancer Stem-like Cell Properties via Nanog. Nutr Cancer 2023; 75:971-979. [PMID: 36562732 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2156553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), which play an important role in tumor initiation and progression, have been identified in many cancers. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) is an organosulfur compound extracted from garlic with anticancer activities. Nanog is a transcription factor responsible for maintaining the stemness of CSCs, but its role in the DATS-induced attenuation of renal CSC properties is unknown. In this study, renal CSCs were enriched from human renal cancer cell lines 786-O and ACHN cultured in a serum-free medium (SFM). The properties of CSCs were analyzed by evaluating the ability of the cells in sphere formation and measuring the expression of stem cell markers. We found that downregulation of Nanog inhibited renal CSC properties. DATS suppressed renal CSC activities by reducing tumorsphere formation, decreasing stem cell markers including Nanog, CD44, ALDH1A1, and Oct4, inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis. We further revealed that overexpression of Nanog reversed the suppressive effects of DATS on renal CSCs. Taken together, our results demonstrated that DATS inhibited renal CSCs by suppressing Nanog. These novel findings suggested that, through Nanog targeting, DATS can potentially be used as an anti-tumor agent for renal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Zhang
- Health Management Center , The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wanshuang Cao
- Cancer Research Division, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongliang Sun
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dexin Yu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Caiyun Zhong
- Cancer Research Division, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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6
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Liang ZF, Zhang Y, Guo W, Chen B, Fang S, Qian H. Gastric cancer stem cell-derived exosomes promoted tobacco smoke-triggered development of gastric cancer by inducing the expression of circ670. Med Oncol 2022; 40:24. [PMID: 36454423 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01906-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
As one of the most common malignant cancers in the world, gastric cancer is caused by mang factors among which tobacco smoke is an important risk factor. Gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs) and the derived exosomes play a key role in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, and exosomal circRNA is considered as a new regulatory factor in the development of gastric cancer. However, it is unclear whether tobacco smoke can affect exosomes and their transport circRNAs to promote the development of gastric cancer. Herein, we provided a new insight into tobacco smoke promoting the progression of gastric cancer. In the present study, we demonstrated that tobacco smoke-induced exosomes promoted the spheroidizing ability, stemness genes expression, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of GCSCs. We further found that hsa-circRNA-000670 (circ670) was up-regulated in tissues of gastric cancer patients with smoking history, tobacco smoke-induced GCSCs, and their exosomes. Functional assays have shown that circ670 knockdown inhibited the stemness and EMT process of GCSCs, whereas circ670 overexpression appeared to have an opposite effect. Our findings indicated that exosomal circ670 promotes the development of tobacco smoke-induced gastric cancer, which may provide insight into the mechanism of tobacco smoke promoting the progression of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Feng Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhao Guo
- Department of Laboratory, Taicang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, The First People's Hospital of Taichang, Suzhou, 215400, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.,Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, Suzhou, 215153, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shikun Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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7
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Yang Y, Meng WJ, Wang ZQ. The origin of gastric cancer stem cells and their effects on gastric cancer: Novel therapeutic targets for gastric cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:960539. [PMID: 36185219 PMCID: PMC9520244 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.960539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies and the most common causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Furthermore, the prognosis of advanced GC remains poor even after surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy. As a small group of cells with unlimited differentiation and self-renewal ability in GC, accumulating evidence shows that GC stem cells (GCSCs) are closely associated with the refractory characteristics of GC, such as drug resistance, recurrence, and metastasis. With the extensive development of research on GCSCs, GCSCs seem to be promising therapeutic targets for GC. However, the relationship between GCSCs and GC is profound and intricate, and its mechanism of action is still under exploration. In this review, we elaborate on the source and key concepts of GCSCs, systematically summarize the role of GCSCs in GC and their underlying mechanisms. Finally, we review the latest information available on the treatment of GC by targeting GCSCs. Thus, this article may provide a theoretical basis for the future development of the novel targets based on GCSCs for the treatment of GC.
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8
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Rao X, Zhang C, Luo H, Zhang J, Zhuang Z, Liang Z, Wu X. Targeting Gastric Cancer Stem Cells to Enhance Treatment Response. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182828. [PMID: 36139403 PMCID: PMC9496718 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) was the fourth deadliest cancer in the world in 2020, and about 770,000 people died from GC that year. The death of patients with GC is mainly caused by the metastasis, recurrence, and chemotherapy resistance of GC cells. The cancer stem cell theory defines cancer stem cells (CSCs) as a key factor in the metastasis, recurrence, and chemotherapy resistance of cancer. It considers targeting gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs) to be an effective method for the treatment of GC. For GCSCs, genes or noncoding RNAs are important regulatory factors. Many experimental studies have found that some drugs can target the stemness of gastric cancer by regulating these genes or noncoding RNAs, which may bring new directions for the clinical treatment of gastric cancer. Therefore, this review mainly discusses related genes or noncoding RNAs in GCSCs and drugs that target its stemness, thereby providing some information for the treatment of GC.
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9
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Zhao L, Yu Q, Gao C, Xiang J, Zheng B, Feng Y, Li R, Zhang W, Hong X, Zhan YY, Xiao L, Hu T. Studies of the Efficacy of Low-Dose Apatinib Monotherapy as Third-Line Treatment in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer and Apatinib’s Novel Anticancer Effect by Inhibiting Tumor-Derived Exosome Secretion. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102492. [PMID: 35626097 PMCID: PMC9139438 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary We assessed the efficacy and safety of low-dose apatinib monotherapy as a third-line treatment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. The ORR and DCR were 4.0% (2/50) and 70% (35/50), and the median PFS and OS were 4.7 months and 10.1 months, which demonstrated comparable survival outcomes, significant improvements to the patient’s quality of life, and tolerable adverse reactions. We also disclosed a novel role of apatinib’s anticancer effect, i.e., inhibiting tumor-derived exosome release. Our results indicated that apatinib treatment inhibited exosome secretion through the regulation of MVB biogenesis, transport, and fusion by regulating LAMP2, RAB11, Snap23, and VAMP2. This novel regulatory mechanism provides a new perspective for the antitumor effect of apatinib in CRC treatment. Abstract Antiangiogenic therapy is an important treatment strategy for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). We carried out a clinical study of low-dose apatinib (250 mg) monotherapy as a third-line treatment in patients with mCRC and assessed its efficacy and safety. It demonstrated that low-dose apatinib had comparable survival outcomes, significantly improved the patient quality of life, and caused tolerable adverse reactions. To further investigate the underlying mechanism of the effects of apatinib in CRC besides angiogenesis, we performed RNA-seq, and our results suggested that apatinib may have other potential antitumor mechanisms in CRC through multiple pathways, including exosomes secretion. In RKO and HCT116 cells, apatinib significantly reduced exosomes secretion by targeting multivesicular body (MVB) transport. Further studies have indicated that apatinib not only promoted the degradation of MVBs via the regulation of LAMP2 but also interfered with MVB transport by inhibiting Rab11 expression. Moreover, apatinib inhibited MVB membrane fusion by reducing SNAP23 and VAMP2 expression. In vivo, apatinib inhibited orthotopic murine colon cancer growth and metastasis and reduced the serum exosomes amount. This novel regulatory mechanism provides a new perspective for the antitumor effect of apatinib beyond angiogenesis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingying Zhao
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen 361102, China; (L.Z.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (W.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.-y.Z.)
| | - Qiang Yu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen 361102, China; (L.Z.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (W.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.-y.Z.)
| | - Chunyi Gao
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen 361102, China; (L.Z.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (W.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.-y.Z.)
| | - Jingzhou Xiang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen 361102, China; (L.Z.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (W.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.-y.Z.)
| | - Bowen Zheng
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen 361102, China; (L.Z.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (W.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.-y.Z.)
| | - Yujie Feng
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen 361102, China; (L.Z.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (W.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.-y.Z.)
| | - Runyang Li
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen 361102, China; (L.Z.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (W.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.-y.Z.)
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen 361102, China; (L.Z.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (W.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.-y.Z.)
| | - Xiaoting Hong
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen 361102, China; (L.Z.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (W.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.-y.Z.)
| | - Yan-yan Zhan
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen 361102, China; (L.Z.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (W.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.-y.Z.)
| | - Li Xiao
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen 361102, China; (L.Z.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (W.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.-y.Z.)
- Department of Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China
- Correspondence: (L.X.); (T.H.); Tel.: +86-592-2292012 (L.X.); +86-592-2188223 (T.H.)
| | - Tianhui Hu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory for Tumor Metastasis, Cancer Research Center, Xiamen University School of Medicine, Xiamen 361102, China; (L.Z.); (Q.Y.); (C.G.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Y.F.); (R.L.); (W.Z.); (X.H.); (Y.-y.Z.)
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Correspondence: (L.X.); (T.H.); Tel.: +86-592-2292012 (L.X.); +86-592-2188223 (T.H.)
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Zhang Y, Lu K, Wu X, Liu H, Xin J, Wang X, Gong W, Zhao Q, Wang M, Chu H, Du M, Tao G, Zhang Z. Genetic variants in the Hedgehog signaling pathway genes are associated with gastric cancer risk in a Chinese Han population. J Biomed Res 2022; 36:22-31. [PMID: 35403607 PMCID: PMC8894289 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.35.20210091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Zhang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Kai Lu
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China
| | - Hanting Liu
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Junyi Xin
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Weida Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Yixing People's Hospital, Yixing, Jiangsu 214200, China
| | - Qinghong Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, China
| | - Meilin Wang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Haiyan Chu
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Mulong Du
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Mulong Du, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China. Tel: +86-25-86868423, E-mail:
| | - Guoquan Tao
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China
- Guoquan Tao, Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe Western Road, Huaiyin District, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China. Tel: +86-517-84922412, E-mail:
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Zhengdong Zhang, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China. Tel/Fax: +86-25-86868423/+86-25-86868499, E-mail:
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