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Mishchenko TA, Turubanova VD, Gorshkova EN, Krysko O, Vedunova MV, Krysko DV. Glioma: bridging the tumor microenvironment, patient immune profiles and novel personalized immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1299064. [PMID: 38274827 PMCID: PMC10809268 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1299064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor, characterized by a consistently high patient mortality rate and a dismal prognosis affecting both survival and quality of life. Substantial evidence underscores the vital role of the immune system in eradicating tumors effectively and preventing metastasis, underscoring the importance of cancer immunotherapy which could potentially address the challenges in glioma therapy. Although glioma immunotherapies have shown promise in preclinical and early-phase clinical trials, they face specific limitations and challenges that have hindered their success in further phase III trials. Resistance to therapy has been a major challenge across many experimental approaches, and as of now, no immunotherapies have been approved. In addition, there are several other limitations facing glioma immunotherapy in clinical trials, such as high intra- and inter-tumoral heterogeneity, an inherently immunosuppressive microenvironment, the unique tissue-specific interactions between the central nervous system and the peripheral immune system, the existence of the blood-brain barrier, which is a physical barrier to drug delivery, and the immunosuppressive effects of standard therapy. Therefore, in this review, we delve into several challenges that need to be addressed to achieve boosted immunotherapy against gliomas. First, we discuss the hurdles posed by the glioma microenvironment, particularly its primary cellular inhabitants, in particular tumor-associated microglia and macrophages (TAMs), and myeloid cells, which represent a significant barrier to effective immunotherapy. Here we emphasize the impact of inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) on the migration of Th17 cells into the tumor microenvironment, converting it into an immunologically "hot" environment and enhancing the effectiveness of ongoing immunotherapy. Next, we address the challenge associated with the accurate identification and characterization of the primary immune profiles of gliomas, and their implications for patient prognosis, which can facilitate the selection of personalized treatment regimens and predict the patient's response to immunotherapy. Finally, we explore a prospective approach to developing highly personalized vaccination strategies against gliomas, based on the search for patient-specific neoantigens. All the pertinent challenges discussed in this review will serve as a compass for future developments in immunotherapeutic strategies against gliomas, paving the way for upcoming preclinical and clinical research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A. Mishchenko
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Victoria D. Turubanova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Neuroscience Research Institute, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Ekaterina N. Gorshkova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Olga Krysko
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy Laboratory, Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maria V. Vedunova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnologies, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitri V. Krysko
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy Laboratory, Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
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Gurunathan S, Thangaraj P, Wang L, Cao Q, Kim JH. Nanovaccines: An effective therapeutic approach for cancer therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115992. [PMID: 38070247 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer vaccines hold considerable promise for the immunotherapy of solid tumors. Nanomedicine offers several strategies for enhancing vaccine effectiveness. In particular, molecular or (sub) cellular vaccines can be delivered to the target lymphoid tissues and cells by nanocarriers and nanoplatforms to increase the potency and durability of antitumor immunity and minimize negative side effects. Nanovaccines use nanoparticles (NPs) as carriers and/or adjuvants, offering the advantages of optimal nanoscale size, high stability, ample antigen loading, high immunogenicity, tunable antigen presentation, increased retention in lymph nodes, and immunity promotion. To induce antitumor immunity, cancer vaccines rely on tumor antigens, which are administered in the form of entire cells, peptides, nucleic acids, extracellular vesicles (EVs), or cell membrane-encapsulated NPs. Ideal cancer vaccines stimulate both humoral and cellular immunity while overcoming tumor-induced immune suppression. Herein, we review the key properties of nanovaccines for cancer immunotherapy and highlight the recent advances in their development based on the structure and composition of various (including synthetic and semi (biogenic) nanocarriers. Moreover, we discuss tumor cell-derived vaccines (including those based on whole-tumor-cell components, EVs, cell membrane-encapsulated NPs, and hybrid membrane-coated NPs), nanovaccine action mechanisms, and the challenges of immunocancer therapy and their translation to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Rathinam College of Arts and Science, Eachanari, Coimbatore 641 021, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Pratheep Thangaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Rathinam College of Arts and Science, Eachanari, Coimbatore 641 021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lin Wang
- Research and Development Department, Qingdao Haier Biotech Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Qilong Cao
- Research and Development Department, Qingdao Haier Biotech Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Lin F, Lin EZ, Anekoji M, Ichim TE, Hu J, Marincola FM, Jones LD, Kesari S, Ashili S. Advancing personalized medicine in brain cancer: exploring the role of mRNA vaccines. J Transl Med 2023; 21:830. [PMID: 37978542 PMCID: PMC10656921 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04724-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Advancing personalized medicine in brain cancer relies on innovative strategies, with mRNA vaccines emerging as a promising avenue. While the initial use of mRNA vaccines was in oncology, their stunning success in COVID-19 resulted in widespread attention, both positive and negative. Regardless of politically biased opinions, which relate more to the antigenic source than form of delivery, we feel it is important to objectively review this modality as relates to brain cancer. This class of vaccines trigger robust immune responses through MHC-I and MHC-II pathways, in both prophylactic and therapeutic settings. The mRNA platform offers advantages of rapid development, high potency, cost-effectiveness, and safety. This review provides an overview of mRNA vaccine delivery technologies, tumor antigen identification, combination therapies, and recent therapeutic outcomes, with a particular focus on brain cancer. Combinatorial approaches are vital to maximizing mRNA cancer vaccine efficacy, with ongoing clinical trials exploring combinations with adjuvants and checkpoint inhibitors and even adoptive cell therapy. Efficient delivery, neoantigen identification, preclinical studies, and clinical trial results are highlighted, underscoring mRNA vaccines' potential in advancing personalized medicine for brain cancer. Synergistic combinatorial therapies play a crucial role, emphasizing the need for continued research and collaboration in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Lin
- CureScience Institute, 5820 Oberlin Drive Ste 202, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
| | - Emma Z Lin
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Misa Anekoji
- CureScience Institute, 5820 Oberlin Drive Ste 202, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Thomas E Ichim
- Therapeutic Solutions International, Oceanside, CA, 92056, USA
| | - Joyce Hu
- Sonata Therapeutics, Watertown, MA, 02472, USA
| | | | - Lawrence D Jones
- CureScience Institute, 5820 Oberlin Drive Ste 202, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Santosh Kesari
- Saint John's Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA, 90404, USA
| | - Shashaanka Ashili
- CureScience Institute, 5820 Oberlin Drive Ste 202, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
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Abstract
RNA modification is manifested as chemically altered nucleotides, widely exists in diverse natural RNAs, and is closely related to RNA structure and function. Currently, mRNA-based vaccines have received great attention and rapid development as novel and mighty fighters against various diseases including cancer. The achievement of RNA vaccines in clinical application is largely attributed to some methodological innovations including the incorporation of modified nucleotides into the synthetic RNA. The selection of optimal RNA modifications aimed at reducing the instability and immunogenicity of RNA molecules is a very critical task to improve the efficacy and safety of mRNA vaccines. This review summarizes the functions of RNA modifications and their application in mRNA vaccines, highlights recent advances of mRNA vaccines in cancer immunotherapy, and provides perspectives for future development of mRNA vaccines in the context of personalized tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxue Mei
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
Studies on the development of mRNA vaccines for central nervous system tumors have used gene expression profiles, clinical data and RNA sequencing from sources such as The Cancer Genome Atlas and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas to identify effective antigens. These studies revealed several immune subtypes of glioma, each one linked to unique prognoses and genetic/immune-modulatory changes. Potential antigens include ARPC1B, BRCA2, COL6A1, ITGB3, IDH1, LILRB2, TP53 and KDR, among others. Patients with immune-active and immune-suppressive phenotypes were found to respond better to mRNA vaccines. While these findings indicate the potential of mRNA vaccines in cancer therapy, further research is required to optimize administration and adjuvant selection, and precisely identify target antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandro Guterres
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Imunológica, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, Vice-Diretoria de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Mayla Abrahim
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Imunológica, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, Vice-Diretoria de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Cristina da Costa Neves
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Imunológica, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, Vice-Diretoria de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
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Chuang KT, Chiou SS, Hsu SH. Recent Advances in Transcription Factors Biomarkers and Targeted Therapies Focusing on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3338. [PMID: 37444447 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors involve many proteins in the process of transactivating or transcribing (none-) encoded DNA to initiate and regulate downstream signals, such as RNA polymerase. Their unique characteristic is that they possess specific domains that bind to specific DNA element sequences called enhancer or promoter sequences. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is involved in cancer progression. Many dysregulated transcription factors-such as Myc, SNAIs, Twists, and ZEBs-are key drivers of tumor metastasis through EMT regulation. This review summarizes currently available evidence related to the oncogenic role of classified transcription factors in EMT editing and epigenetic regulation, clarifying the roles of the classified conserved transcription factor family involved in the EMT and how these factors could be used as therapeutic targets in future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Ting Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Shin Chiou
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Center of Applied Genomics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsien Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Center of Applied Genomics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Ma S, Zhao H, Wang F, Peng L, Zhang H, Wang Z, Jiang F, Zhang D, Yin M, Li S, Huang J, Liu Z, Tao S. Integrative analysis to screen novel pyroptosis-related LncRNAs for predicting clinical outcome of glioma and validation in tumor tissue. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:1628-1651. [PMID: 36917093 PMCID: PMC10042692 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyroptosis, also known as inflammatory necrosis, is a programmed cell death that manifests itself as a continuous swelling of cells until the cell membrane breaks, leading to the liberation of cellular contents, which triggers an intense inflammatory response. Pyroptosis might be a panacea for a variety of cancers, which include immunotherapy and chemotherapy-insensitive tumors such as glioma. Several findings have observed that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) modulate the bio-behavior of tumor cells by binding to RNA, DNA and protein. Nevertheless, there are few studies reporting the effect of lncRNAs in pyroptosis processes in glioma. METHODS The principal goal of this study was to identify pyroptosis-related lncRNAs (PRLs) utilizing bioinformatic algorithm and to apply PCR techniques for validation in human glioma tissues. The second goal was to establish a prognostic model for predicting the overall survival patients with glioma. Predict algorithm was used to construct prognosis model with good diagnostic precision for potential clinical translation. RESULTS Noticeably, molecular subtypes categorized by the PRLs were not distinct from any previously published subtypes of glioma. The immune and mutation landscapes were obviously different from previous subtypes of glioma. Analysis of the sensitivity (IC50) of patients to 30 chemotherapeutic agents identified 22 agents as potential therapeutic agents for patients with low riskscores. CONCLUSIONS We established an exact prognostic model according to the expression profile of PRLs, which may facilitate the assessment of patient prognosis and treatment patterns and could be further applied to clinical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450053, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hongtao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Lulu Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450053, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450053, China
| | - Zaibin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450053, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450053, China
| | - Dongtao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450053, China
| | - Menglei Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450053, China
| | - Shupeng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Jiaming Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Zhan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450053, China
| | - Shengzhong Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450053, China
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Wang ZL, Huang RY, Han B, Wu F, Sun ZY, Li GZ, Zhang W, Zhao Z, Liu X. Identification of tumor-associated antigens and immune subtypes of lower-grade glioma and glioblastoma for mRNA vaccine development. Chin Neurosurg J 2022; 8:34. [PMID: 36307882 PMCID: PMC9614757 DOI: 10.1186/s41016-022-00301-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background mRNA became a promising therapeutic approach in many diseases. This study aimed to identify the tumor antigens specifically expressed in tumor cells for lower-grade glioma (LGG) and glioblastoma (GBM) patients. Methods In this work, the mRNA microarray expression profile and clinical data were obtained from 301 samples in the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database, the mRNA sequencing data and clinical data of 701 samples were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Genetic alterations profiles were extracted from CGGA and cBioPortal datasets. R language and GraphPad Prism software were applied for the statistical analysis and graph work. Results PTBP1 and SLC39A1, which were overexpressed and indicated poor prognosis in LGG patients, were selected as tumor-specific antigens for LGG patients. Meanwhile, MMP9 and SLC16A3, the negative prognostic factors overexpressed in GBM, were identified as tumor-specific antigens for GBM patients. Besides, three immune subtypes (LGG1-LGG3) and eight WGCNA modules were identified in LGG patients. Meanwhile, two immune subtypes (GBM1–GBM2) and 10 WGCNA modules were selected in GBM. The immune characteristics and potential functions between different subtypes were diversity. LGG2 and GBM1 immune subtype were associated with longer overall survival than other subtypes. Conclusion In this study, PTBP1 and SLC39A1 are promising antigens for mRNA vaccines development in LGG, and MMP9 and SLC16A3 were potential antigens in GBM. Our analyses indicated that mRNA vaccine immunotherapy was more suitable for LGG2 and GBM1 subtypes. This study was helpful for the development of glioma immunotherapies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41016-022-00301-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-liang Wang
- grid.411617.40000 0004 0642 1244Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruo-yu Huang
- grid.411617.40000 0004 0642 1244Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Beijing, 100070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Han
- grid.411617.40000 0004 0642 1244Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Wu
- grid.411617.40000 0004 0642 1244Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Beijing, 100070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-yan Sun
- grid.411617.40000 0004 0642 1244Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Beijing, 100070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Guan-zhang Li
- grid.411617.40000 0004 0642 1244Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Beijing, 100070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- grid.411617.40000 0004 0642 1244Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- grid.411617.40000 0004 0642 1244Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Beijing, 100070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing Liu
- grid.411617.40000 0004 0642 1244Department of Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South 4th Ring West Road, Beijing, 100070 People’s Republic of China
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Tai P, Wang Z, Chen X, Chen A, Gong L, Cheng Y, Cao K. Multi-omics analysis of the oncogenic value of copper Metabolism-Related protein COMMD2 in human cancers. Cancer Med 2022. [PMID: 36205192 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The copper metabolism MURR1 domain (COMMD) protein family is involved in tumorigenicity of malignant tumors. However, as the member of COMMD, the role of COMMD2 in human tumors remains unknown. METHODS We used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx), Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database, Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) platform, univariate Cox regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier curve, cBioPortal, UALCAN database, Sangerbox online platform, GSCA database gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and GeneMANIA to analyze the expression of COMMD2, its prognostic values, genomic alteration patterns, and the correlation with tumor stemness, tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and immune infiltrates, drug sensitivity, and gene function enrichment in pan-cancer. qRT-PCR, CCK-8, EdU, wound healing, and transwell migration assays were performed to confirm the function of COMMD2. RESULTS COMMD2 was strongly expressed in most cancer types. Elevated COMMD2 expression affects the prognosis, clinicopathological stage, and molecular or immune subtypes of various tumors. Moreover, promoter hypomethylation and mutations in the COMMD2 gene may be associated with its high expression and poor survival. Additionally, we discovered that COMMD2 expression was linked to tumor stemness, TMB, MSI, immune cell infiltration, immune-checkpoint inhibitors, and drug sensitivity in pan-cancer. Furthermore, the COMMD2 gene co-expression network is constructed with GSEA analysis, displaying significant interaction of COMMD2 with E2F targets, G2-M checkpoint, and mitotic spindle in bladder cancer (BLCA). Finally, RNA interference data showed suppression of COMMD2 prevented proliferation and migration of BLCA and uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) cells. CONCLUSION Our findings shed light on the COMMD2 functions in human cancers and demonstrate that it is a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in pan-cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Tai
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhanwang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Aiyan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lian Gong
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yaxin Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Cao
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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Zhang M, Shi M, Yu Y, Sang J, Wang H, Shi J, Duan P, Ge R. The Immune Subtypes and Landscape of Advanced-Stage Ovarian Cancer. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091451. [PMID: 36146529 PMCID: PMC9501495 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has played a significant role in the treatment of a variety of hematological and solid tumors, but its application in ovarian cancer (OC) remains unclear. This study aimed to identify immune subtypes of OC and delineate an immune landscape for selecting suitable patients for immunotherapy, thereby providing potent therapeutic targets for immunotherapy drug development. Three immune subtypes (IS1–IS3) with distinctive molecular, cellular, and clinical characteristics were identified from the TCGA and GSE32062 cohorts. Compared to IS1, IS3 has a better prognosis and exhibits an immunological “hot”. IS3, in contrast, exhibits an immunological “cold” and has a worse prognosis in OC patients. Moreover, gene mutations, immune modulators, CA125, CA199, and HE4 expression, along with sensitivity either to immunotherapy or chemotherapy, were significantly different among the three immune subtypes. The OC immune landscape was highly heterogeneous between individual patients. Poor prognosis was correlated with low expression of the hub genes CD2, CD3D, and CD3E, which could act not only as biomarkers for predicting prognosis, but also as potential immunotherapy targets. Our study elucidates the immunotyping and molecular characteristics of the immune microenvironment in OC, which could provide an effective immunotherapy stratification method for optimally selecting patients, and also has clinical significance for the development of new immunotherapy as well as rational combination strategies for the treatment of OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Mengna Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Jianmin Sang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Jianhong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Ping Duan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Renshan Ge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
- Correspondence:
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Ma S, Wang F, Wang N, Jin J, Ba Y, Ji H, Du J, Hu S. Multiomics Data Analysis and Identification of Immune-Related Prognostic Signatures With Potential Implications in Prognosis and Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy of Glioblastoma. Front Neurol 2022; 13:886913. [PMID: 35669882 PMCID: PMC9165649 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.886913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) has been a concern of many researchers, as it is one of the main drivers of cancer-related deaths worldwide. GBM in general usually does not responding well to immunotherapy due to its unique microenvironment. Methods To uncover any further informative immune-related prognostic signatures, we explored the immune-related distinction in the genetic or epigenetic features of the three types (expression profile, somatic mutation, and DNA methylation). Twenty eight immune-related hub genes were identified by Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). The findings showed that three genes (IL1R1, TNFSF12, and VDR) were identified to construct an immune-related prognostic model (IRPM) by lasso regression. Then, we used three hub genes to construct an IRPM for GBM and clarify the immunity, mutation, and methylation characteristics. Results Survival analysis of patients undergoing anti-program cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) therapy showed that overall survival was superior in the low-risk group than in the high-risk group. The high-risk group had an association with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), high immune cell infiltration, immune activation, a low mutation number, and high methylation, while the low-risk group was adverse status. Conclusions In conclusion, IRPM is a promising tool to distinguish the prognosis of patients and molecular and immune characteristics in GBM, and the IRPM risk score can be used to predict patient sensitivity to checkpoint inhibitor blockade therapy. Thus, three immune-related signatures will guide us in improving treatment strategies and developing objective diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emergency Medicine Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emergency Medicine Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emergency Medicine Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yixu Ba
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emergency Medicine Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hang Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emergency Medicine Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianyang Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Jianyang Du
| | - Shaoshan Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emergency Medicine Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shaoshan Hu ;
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Li B, Wang F, Wang N, Hou K, Du J. Identification of Implications of Angiogenesis and m6A Modification on Immunosuppression and Therapeutic Sensitivity in Low-Grade Glioma by Network Computational Analysis of Subtypes and Signatures. Front Immunol 2022; 13:871564. [PMID: 35572524 PMCID: PMC9094412 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.871564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a complex process in the immunosuppressed low-grade gliomas (LGG) microenvironment and is regulated by multiple factors. N6-methyladenosine (m6A), modified by the m6A modification regulators (“writers” “readers” and “erasers”), can drive LGG formation. In the hypoxic environment of intracranial tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), m6A modifications in glioma stem cells are predominantly distributed around neovascularization and synergize with complex perivascular pathological ecology to mediate the immunosuppressive phenotype of TIME. The exact mechanism of this phenomenon remains unknown. Herein, we elucidated the relevance of the angiogenesis-related genes (ARGs) and m6A regulators (MAGs) and their influencing mechanism from a macro perspective. Based on the expression pattern of MAGs, we divided patients with LGG into two robust categories via consensus clustering, and further annotated the malignant related mechanisms and corresponding targeted agents. The two subgroups (CL1, CL2) demonstrated a significant correlation with prognosis and clinical-pathology features. Moreover, WGCNA has also uncovered the hub genes and related mechanisms of MAGs affecting clinical characters. Clustering analysis revealed a synergistic promoting effect of M6A and angiogenesis on immunosuppression. Based on the expression patterns of MAGs, we established a high-performance gene-signature (MASig). MASig revealed somatic mutational mechanisms by which MAGs affect the sensitivity to treatment in LGG patients. In conclusion, the MAGs were critical participants in the malignant process of LGG, with a vital potential in the prognosis stratification, prediction of outcome, and therapeutic sensitivity of LGG. Findings based on these strategies may facilitate the development of objective diagnosis and treatment systems to quantify patient survival and other outcomes, and in some cases, to identify potential unexplored targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huangyan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kuiyuan Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Qiqihar City, Qiqihar, China
| | - Jianyang Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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Chen K, Shen D, Tan L, Lai D, Han Y, Gu Y, Lu C, Gu X. A Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Prognostic and Immunotherapeutic Value of ALKBH7. Front Genet 2022; 13:822261. [PMID: 35222541 PMCID: PMC8873580 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.822261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have identified a role for ALKBH7 in the occurrence and progression of cancer, and this protein is related to cellular immunity and immune cell infiltration. However, the prognostic and immunotherapeutic value of ALKBH7 in different cancers have not been explored. In this study, we observed high ALKBH7 expression in 17 cancers and low expression in 5 cancers compared to paired normal tissues. Although ALKBH7 expression did not correlate relatively significantly with the clinical parameters of age (6/33), sex (3/33) and stage (3/27) in the cancers studied, the results of the survival analysis reflect the pan-cancer prognostic value of ALKBH7. In addition, ALKBH7 expression was significantly correlated with the TMB (7/33), MSI (13/33), mDNAsi (12/33) and mRNAsi (13/33) in human cancers. Moreover, ALKBH7 expression was associated and predominantly negatively correlated with the expression of immune checkpoint (ICP) genes in many cancers. Furthermore, ALKBH7 correlated with infiltrating immune cells and ESTIMATE scores, especially in PAAD, PRAD and THCA. Finally, the ALKBH7 gene coexpression network is involved in the regulation of cellular immune, oxidative, phosphorylation, and metabolic pathways. In conclusion, ALKBH7 may serve as a potential prognostic pan-cancer biomarker and is involved in the immune response. Our pan-cancer analysis provides insight into the role of ALKBH7 in different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijie Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongjie Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Tan
- Xiangya School of Medicine, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Donglin Lai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuru Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yonggang Gu
- Department of TCM, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xuefeng Gu, ; Changlian Lu, ; Yonggang Gu,
| | - Changlian Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xuefeng Gu, ; Changlian Lu, ; Yonggang Gu,
| | - Xuefeng Gu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xuefeng Gu, ; Changlian Lu, ; Yonggang Gu,
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