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Sindi AS, Stinson LF, Gridneva Z, Leghi GE, Netting MJ, Wlodek ME, Muhlhausler BS, Rea A, Trevenen ML, Geddes DT, Payne MS. Maternal dietary intervention during lactation impacts the maternal faecal and human milk microbiota. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae024. [PMID: 38323424 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the effect of a two-week reduced fat and sugar and increased fibre maternal dietary intervention on the maternal faecal and human milk (HM) microbiomes. METHODS AND RESULTS Faecal swabs and HM samples were collected from mothers (n = 11) immediately pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention, and 4 and 8 weeks post-intervention, and were analysed using full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Maternal macronutrient intake was assessed at baseline and during the intervention. Maternal fat and sugar intake during the intervention were significantly lower than pre-intervention (P = <0.001, 0.005, respectively). Significant changes in the bacterial composition of maternal faeces were detected after the dietary intervention, with decreases in the relative abundance of Bacteroides caccae (P = <0.001) and increases in the relative abundance of Faecalibacillus intestinalis (P = 0.006). In HM, the diet resulted in a significant increase in Cutibacterium acnes (P = 0.001) and a decrease in Haemophilus parainfluenzae (P = <0.001). The effect of the diet continued after the intervention, with faecal swabs and HM samples taken 4 and 8 weeks after the diet showing significant differences compared to baseline. CONCLUSION This pilot study demonstrates that short-term changes in maternal diet during lactation can alter the bacterial composition of the maternal faeces and HM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhar S Sindi
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA 6008, Australia
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lisa F Stinson
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Zoya Gridneva
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Gabriela E Leghi
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Merryn J Netting
- Women and Kids Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), North Terrace, SA 5000, Australia
- Discipline of Paediatrics, The University of Adelaide, North Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia
- Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia
| | - Mary E Wlodek
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Beverly S Muhlhausler
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
- CSIRO, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Alethea Rea
- Centre for Applied Statistics, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- Mathematics and Statistics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Michelle L Trevenen
- Centre for Applied Statistics, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Donna T Geddes
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Matthew S Payne
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA 6008, Australia
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Koksaldi I, Park D, Atilla A, Kang H, Kim J, Seker UOS. RNA-Based Sensor Systems for Affordable Diagnostics in the Age of Pandemics. ACS Synth Biol 2024; 13:1026-1037. [PMID: 38588603 PMCID: PMC11036506 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.3c00698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
In the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, the significance of point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tools has become increasingly vital, driven by the need for quick and precise virus identification. RNA-based sensors, particularly toehold sensors, have emerged as promising candidates for POC detection systems due to their selectivity and sensitivity. Toehold sensors operate by employing an RNA switch that changes the conformation when it binds to a target RNA molecule, resulting in a detectable signal. This review focuses on the development and deployment of RNA-based sensors for POC viral RNA detection with a particular emphasis on toehold sensors. The benefits and limits of toehold sensors are explored, and obstacles and future directions for improving their performance within POC detection systems are presented. The use of RNA-based sensors as a technology for rapid and sensitive detection of viral RNA holds great potential for effectively managing (dealing/coping) with present and future pandemics in resource-constrained settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkay
Cisil Koksaldi
- UNAM
− Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National
Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM), Bilkent
University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Dongwon Park
- Department
of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science
and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Abdurahman Atilla
- UNAM
− Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National
Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM), Bilkent
University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Hansol Kang
- Department
of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science
and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Jongmin Kim
- Department
of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science
and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Urartu Ozgur Safak Seker
- UNAM
− Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National
Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM), Bilkent
University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
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3
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Chen P, Wang S, Li H, Qi X, Hou Y, Ma T. Comparative genomic analyses of Cutibacterium granulosum provide insights into genomic diversity. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1343227. [PMID: 38304712 PMCID: PMC10832045 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1343227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cutibacterium granulosum, a commensal bacterium found on human skin, formerly known as Propionibacterium granulosum, rarely causes infections and is generally considered non-pathogenic. Recent research has revealed the transferability of the multidrug-resistant plasmid pTZC1 between C. granulosum and Cutibacterium acnes, the latter being an opportunistic pathogen in surgical site infections. However, there is a noticeable lack of research on the genome of C. granulosum, and the genetic landscape of this species remains largely uncharted. We investigated the genomic features and evolutionary structure of C. granulosum by analyzing a total of 30 Metagenome-Assembled Genomes (MAGs) and isolate genomes retrieved from public databases, as well as those generated in this study. A pan-genome of 6,077 genes was identified for C. granulosum. Remarkably, the 'cloud genes' constituted 62.38% of the pan-genome. Genes associated with mobilome: prophages, transposons [X], defense mechanisms [V] and replication, recombination and repair [L] were enriched in the cloud genome. Phylogenomic analysis revealed two distinct mono-clades, highlighting the genomic diversity of C. granulosum. The genomic diversity was further confirmed by the distribution of Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) values. The functional profiles analysis of C. granulosum unveiled a wide range of potential Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs) and virulence factors, suggesting its potential tolerance to various environmental challenges. Subtype I-E of the CRISPR-Cas system was the most abundant in these genomes, a feature also detected in C. acnes genomes. Given the widespread distribution of C. granulosum strains within skin microbiome, our findings make a substantial contribution to our broader understanding of the genetic diversity, which may open new avenues for investigating the mechanisms and treatment of conditions such as acne vulgaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peishan Chen
- Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaojing Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin JOYSTAR Technology Co., Ltd, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoye Qi
- College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin JOYSTAR Technology Co., Ltd, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hou
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ting Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Erbežnik A, Celar Šturm A, Strašek Smrdel K, Triglav T, Maver Vodičar P. Comparative Genomic Analysis of Cutibacterium spp. Isolates in Implant-Associated Infections. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2971. [PMID: 38138116 PMCID: PMC10745319 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria of the genus Cutibacterium are Gram-positive commensals and opportunistic pathogens that represent a major challenge in the diagnosis and treatment of implant-associated infections (IAIs). This study provides insight into the distribution of different sequence types (STs) of C. acnes, and the presence of virulence factors (VFs) in 64 Cutibacterium spp. isolates from suspected or confirmed IAIs obtained during routine microbiological diagnostics. Fifty-three C. acnes, six C. avidum, four C. granulosum, and one C. namnetense isolate, collected from different anatomical sites, were included in our study. Using whole-genome sequencing and a single-locus sequencing typing scheme, we successfully characterized all C. acnes strains and revealed the substantial diversity of STs, with the discovery of six previously unidentified STs. Phylotype IA1, previously associated with both healthy skin microbiome and infections, was the most prevalent, with ST A1 being the most common. Some minor differences in STs' distribution were observed in correlation with anatomical location and association with infection. A genomic analysis of 40 investigated VFs among 64 selected strains showed no significant differences between different STs, anatomical sites, or infection-related and infection undetermined/unlikely groups of strains. Most differences in VF distribution were found between strains of different Cutibacterium spp., subspecies, and phylotypes, with CAMP factors, biofilm-related VFs, lipases, and heat shock proteins identified in all analyzed Cutibacterium spp.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Polona Maver Vodičar
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (A.E.); (A.C.Š.); (K.S.S.); (T.T.)
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5
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Kurihara MNL, Santos INM, Eisen AKA, Caleiro GS, de Araújo J, de Sales RO, Pignatari AC, Salles MJ. Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Cutibacterium acnes Isolated from Shoulder Surgery Reveals Insights into Genetic Diversity. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2594. [PMID: 37894252 PMCID: PMC10609031 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Specific virulence factors that likely influence C. acnes invasion into deep tissues remain to be elucidated. Herein, we describe the frequency of C. acnes identification in deep tissue specimens of patients undergoing clean shoulder surgery and assess its phenotypic and genetic traits associated with virulence and antibiotic resistance patterns, compared with isolates from the skin of healthy volunteers. Multiple deep tissue specimens from the bone fragments, tendons, and bursa of 84 otherwise healthy patients undergoing primary clean-open and arthroscopic shoulder surgeries were aseptically collected. The overall yield of tissue sample cultures was 21.5% (55/255), with 11.8% (30/255) identified as C. acnes in 27.3% (23/84) of patients. Antibiotic resistance rates were low, with most strains expressing susceptibility to first-line antibiotics, while a few were resistant to penicillin and rifampicin. Phylotypes IB (73.3%) and II (23.3%) were predominant in deep tissue samples. Genomic analysis demonstrated differences in the pangenome of the isolates from the same clade. Even though strains displayed a range of pathogenic markers, such as biofilm formation, patients did not evolve to infection during the 1-year follow-up. This suggests that the presence of polyclonal C. acnes in multiple deep tissue samples does not necessarily indicate infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Neri Lucas Kurihara
- Laboratório Especial de Microbiologia Clínica (LEMC), Departamento de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04025-010, Brazil; (M.N.L.K.); (I.N.M.S.); (A.C.P.)
| | - Ingrid Nayara Marcelino Santos
- Laboratório Especial de Microbiologia Clínica (LEMC), Departamento de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04025-010, Brazil; (M.N.L.K.); (I.N.M.S.); (A.C.P.)
| | - Ana Karolina Antunes Eisen
- Emerging Viruses Research Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.K.A.E.); (G.S.C.); (J.d.A.)
| | - Giovana Santos Caleiro
- Emerging Viruses Research Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.K.A.E.); (G.S.C.); (J.d.A.)
| | - Jansen de Araújo
- Emerging Viruses Research Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (A.K.A.E.); (G.S.C.); (J.d.A.)
| | - Romário Oliveira de Sales
- Albert Einstein Research and Education Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo 05652-900, Brazil;
| | - Antônio Carlos Pignatari
- Laboratório Especial de Microbiologia Clínica (LEMC), Departamento de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04025-010, Brazil; (M.N.L.K.); (I.N.M.S.); (A.C.P.)
| | - Mauro José Salles
- Laboratório Especial de Microbiologia Clínica (LEMC), Departamento de Medicina, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo 04025-010, Brazil; (M.N.L.K.); (I.N.M.S.); (A.C.P.)
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Brown DG, Wahlig TA, Ma A, Certain LK, Chalmers PN, Fisher MA, Leung DT. Genomic Characterization of 2 Cutibacterium acnes Isolates from a Surgical Site Infection Reveals Large Genomic Inversion. Pathog Immun 2023; 8:64-76. [PMID: 37830077 PMCID: PMC10566467 DOI: 10.20411/pai.v8i1.606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cutibacterium acnes is a common commensal of human skin but may also present as an opportunistic pathogen in prosthetic joint and wound infections. Unfortunately, few complete genomes of C. acnes are publicly available, and even fewer are of isolates associated with infection. Here we report the isolation, characterization, and complete genomes of 2 C. acnes isolates from a surgical site infection of an elbow. Methods We used standard microbiological methods for phenotypic characterization and performed whole genome sequencing on 2 C. acnes isolates using a combination of short-read and long-read sequencing. Results Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed beta-lactamase negative and low minimal inhibitory concentrations to all antibiotics tested, with the exception of metronidazole. We assembled complete genomes of the 2 isolates, which are approximately 2.5 megabases in length. The isolates belong to the single-locus sequence type (SLST) H1 and the multi-locus sequence type (MLST) IB. Both isolates have similar composition of known virulence genes, and we found no evidence of plasmids but did find phage-associated genes. Notably, the 2 genomes are 99.97% identical but contain a large genomic inversion encompassing approximately half of the genome. Conclusions This is the first characterization of this large-scale genomic inversion in nearly identical isolates from the same wound. This report adds to the limited numbers of publicly available infection-associated complete genomes of C. acnes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Garrett Brown
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Taylor A. Wahlig
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Angela Ma
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
- ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Laura K. Certain
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Peter N. Chalmers
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Mark A. Fisher
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
- ARUP Laboratories, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Daniel T. Leung
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Tran TH, Roberts AQ, Escapa IF, Gao W, Segre JA, Kong HH, Conlan S, Kelly MS, Lemon KP. Metabolic capabilities are highly conserved among human nasal-associated Corynebacterium species in pangenomic analyses. bioRxiv 2023:2023.06.05.543719. [PMID: 37333201 PMCID: PMC10274666 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.05.543719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Corynebacterium species are globally ubiquitous in human nasal microbiota across the lifespan. Moreover, nasal microbiota profiles typified by higher relative abundances of Corynebacterium are often positively associated with health. Among the most common human nasal Corynebacterium species are C. propinquum, C. pseudodiphtheriticum, C. accolens, and C. tuberculostearicum. Based on the prevalence of these species, at least two likely coexist in the nasal microbiota of 82% of adults. To gain insight into the functions of these four species, we identified genomic, phylogenomic, and pangenomic properties and estimated the functional protein repertoire and metabolic capabilities of 87 distinct human nasal Corynebacterium strain genomes: 31 from Botswana and 56 from the U.S. C. pseudodiphtheriticum had geographically distinct clades consistent with localized strain circulation, whereas some strains from the other species had wide geographic distribution across Africa and North America. All four species had similar genomic and pangenomic structures. Gene clusters assigned to all COG metabolic categories were overrepresented in the persistent (core) compared to the accessory genome of each species indicating limited strain-level variability in metabolic capacity. Moreover, core metabolic capabilities were highly conserved among the four species indicating limited species-level metabolic variation. Strikingly, strains in the U.S. clade of C. pseudodiphtheriticum lacked genes for assimilatory sulfate reduction present in the Botswanan clade and in the other studied species, indicating a recent, geographically related loss of assimilatory sulfate reduction. Overall, the minimal species and strain variability in metabolic capacity implies coexisting strains might have limited ability to occupy distinct metabolic niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommy H. Tran
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics & Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology & Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ari Q. Roberts
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics & Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology & Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Isabel F. Escapa
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics & Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology & Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wei Gao
- The Forsyth Institute (Microbiology), Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julie A. Segre
- Microbial Genomics Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Heidi H. Kong
- Dermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sean Conlan
- Microbial Genomics Section, Translational and Functional Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matthew S. Kelly
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Katherine P. Lemon
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics & Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology & Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Texas Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Cavallo I, Sivori F, Truglio M, De Maio F, Lucantoni F, Cardinali G, Pontone M, Bernardi T, Sanguinetti M, Capitanio B, Cristaudo A, Ascenzioni F, Morrone A, Pimpinelli F, Di Domenico EG. Skin dysbiosis and Cutibacterium acnes biofilm in inflammatory acne lesions of adolescents. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21104. [PMID: 36473894 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25436-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is a common inflammatory disorder affecting more than 80% of young adolescents. Cutibacterium acnes plays a role in the pathogenesis of acne lesions, although the mechanisms are poorly understood. The study aimed to explore the microbiome at different skin sites in adolescent acne and the role of biofilm production in promoting the growth and persistence of C. acnes isolates. Microbiota analysis showed a significantly lower alpha diversity in inflammatory lesions (LA) than in non-inflammatory (NI) lesions of acne patients and healthy subjects (HS). Differences at the species level were driven by the overabundance of C. acnes on LA than NI and HS. The phylotype IA1 was more represented in the skin of acne patients than in HS. Genes involved in lipids transport and metabolism, as well as potential virulence factors associated with host-tissue colonization, were detected in all IA1 strains independently from the site of isolation. Additionally, the IA1 isolates were more efficient in early adhesion and biomass production than other phylotypes showing a significant increase in antibiotic tolerance. Overall, our data indicate that the site-specific dysbiosis in LA and colonization by virulent and highly tolerant C. acnes phylotypes may contribute to acne development in a part of the population, despite the universal carriage of the microorganism. Moreover, new antimicrobial agents, specifically targeting biofilm-forming C. acnes, may represent potential treatments to modulate the skin microbiota in acne.
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Ahle CM, Stødkilde K, Poehlein A, Bömeke M, Streit WR, Wenck H, Reuter JH, Hüpeden J, Brüggemann H. Interference and co-existence of staphylococci and Cutibacterium acnes within the healthy human skin microbiome. Commun Biol 2022; 5:923. [PMID: 36071129 PMCID: PMC9452508 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03897-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human skin is populated by trillions of microbes collectively called the skin microbiome. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Cutibacterium acnes are among the most abundant members of this ecosystem, with described roles in skin health and disease. However, knowledge regarding the health beneficial effects of these ubiquitous skin residents is still limited. Here, we profiled the staphylococcal and C. acnes landscape across four different skin sites of 30 individuals (120 skin samples) using amplicon-based next-generation sequencing. Relative abundance profiles obtained indicated the existence of phylotype-specific co-existence and exclusion scenarios. Co-culture experiments with 557 staphylococcal strains identified 30 strains exhibiting anti-C. acnes activities. Notably, staphylococcal strains were found to selectively exclude acne-associated C. acnes and co-exist with healthy skin-associated phylotypes, through regulation of the antimicrobial activity. Overall, these findings highlight the importance of skin-resident staphylococci and suggest that selective microbial interference is a contributor to healthy skin homeostasis. The dynamic interaction between the common resident skin microbes Staphylococcus epidermidis and Cutibacterium acnes is uncovered, showing that S. epidermidis can selectively exclude acne-associated C. acnes strains from the human skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Marie Ahle
- Beiersdorf AG, Research & Development, Front End Innovation, 20245, Hamburg, Germany. .,Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, 22609, Hamburg, Germany.
| | | | - Anja Poehlein
- Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Göttingen, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mechthild Bömeke
- Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Göttingen, 37073, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Streit
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Hamburg, 22609, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Horst Wenck
- Beiersdorf AG, Research & Development, Front End Innovation, 20245, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jörn Hendrik Reuter
- Beiersdorf AG, Research & Development, Front End Innovation, 20245, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Hüpeden
- Beiersdorf AG, Research & Development, Front End Innovation, 20245, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Holger Brüggemann
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Sánchez-pellicer P, Navarro-moratalla L, Núñez-delegido E, Ruzafa-costas B, Agüera-santos J, Navarro-lópez V. Acne, Microbiome, and Probiotics: The Gut–Skin Axis. Microorganisms 2022; 10:1303. [PMID: 35889022 PMCID: PMC9318165 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this narrative review was to check the influence of the human microbiota in the pathogenesis of acne and how the treatment with probiotics as adjuvant or alternative therapy affects the evolution of acne vulgaris. Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin disease involving the pilosebaceous units. The pathogenesis of acne is complex and multifactorial involving genetic, metabolic, and hormonal factors in which both skin and gut microbiota are implicated. Numerous studies have shown the bidirectionality between the intestinal microbiota and skin homeostasis, a communication mainly established by modifying the immune system. Increased data on the mechanisms of action regarding the relevance of Cutibacterium acnes, as well as the importance of the gut–skin axis, are becoming known. Diverse and varied in vitro studies have shown the potential beneficial effects of probiotics in this context. Clinical trials with both topical and oral probiotics are scarce, although they have shown positive results, especially with oral probiotics through the modulation of the intestinal microbiota, generating an anti-inflammatory response and restoring intestinal integrity, or through metabolic pathways involving insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1). Given the aggressiveness of some standard acne treatments, probiotics should continue to be investigated as an alternative or adjuvant therapy.
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