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Bartkowska K, Turlejski K, Koguc-Sobolewska P, Djavadian R. Adult Neurogenesis in the Mammalian Hypothalamus: Impact of Newly Generated Neurons on Hypothalamic Function. Neuroscience 2023; 515:83-92. [PMID: 36805005 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, adult neurogenesis was first demonstrated in the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle (SVZ) and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampal formation. Further research showed that adult neurogenesis persists in other brain structures, such as the cerebral cortex, piriform cortex, striatum, amygdala, and hypothalamus. However, the origin of newly generated cells in these structures is not clear. Accumulating evidence indicates that newly generated neurons in the striatum or amygdala are derived from the SVZ, while in the adult hypothalamus, the proliferation of progenitor cells occurs in the ependymal cells lining the third ventricle, which give rise to new neurons. The heterogeneous cellular organization of the ependymal layer of the hypothalamus leads to different conclusions regarding the type of hypothalamic progenitor cells. In addition, adult hypothalamic neurogenesis occurs at low levels. Based on comparative and functional approaches, we synthesize the knowledge of newly generated cells in the adult hypothalamus. The aim of this review is to provide new insights on adult neurogenesis in the mammalian hypothalamus, with particular attention given to marsupial species. We highlight the number of adult-born neurons in various hypothalamic nuclei, debating whether their low number has an impact on hypothalamic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Bartkowska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Turlejski
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Ruzanna Djavadian
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
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Santana NNM, Silva EHA, dos Santos SF, Costa MSMO, Nascimento Junior ES, Engelberth RCJG, Cavalcante JS. Retinorecipient areas in the common marmoset ( Callithrix jacchus): An image-forming and non-image forming circuitry. Front Neural Circuits 2023; 17:1088686. [PMID: 36817647 PMCID: PMC9932520 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2023.1088686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian retina captures a multitude of diverse features from the external environment and conveys them via the optic nerve to a myriad of retinorecipient nuclei. Understanding how retinal signals act in distinct brain functions is one of the most central and established goals of neuroscience. Using the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), a monkey from Northeastern Brazil, as an animal model for parsing how retinal innervation works in the brain, started decades ago due to their marmoset's small bodies, rapid reproduction rate, and brain features. In the course of that research, a large amount of new and sophisticated neuroanatomical techniques was developed and employed to explain retinal connectivity. As a consequence, image and non-image-forming regions, functions, and pathways, as well as retinal cell types were described. Image-forming circuits give rise directly to vision, while the non-image-forming territories support circadian physiological processes, although part of their functional significance is uncertain. Here, we reviewed the current state of knowledge concerning retinal circuitry in marmosets from neuroanatomical investigations. We have also highlighted the aspects of marmoset retinal circuitry that remain obscure, in addition, to identify what further research is needed to better understand the connections and functions of retinorecipient structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelyane Nayara M. Santana
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Eryck H. A. Silva
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Sâmarah F. dos Santos
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Miriam S. M. O. Costa
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, Department of Morphology, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Expedito S. Nascimento Junior
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, Department of Morphology, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Rovena Clara J. G. Engelberth
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Jeferson S. Cavalcante
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology and Behavior, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil,*Correspondence: Jeferson S. Cavalcante,
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Ni RJ, Shu YM, Luo PH, Zhou JN. Whole-brain mapping of afferent projections to the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the tree shrew. Tissue Cell 2021; 73:101620. [PMID: 34411776 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is essential for the neural control of mammalian circadian timing system. The circadian activity of the SCN is modulated by its afferent projections. In the present study, we examine neuroanatomical characteristics and afferent projections of the SCN in the tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis) using immunocytochemistry and retrograde tracer Fluoro-Gold (FG). Distribution of the vasoactive intestinal peptide was present in the SCN from rostral to caudal, especially concentrated in its ventral part. FG-labeled neurons were observed in the lateral septal nucleus, septofimbrial nucleus, paraventricular thalamic nucleus, posterior hypothalamic nucleus, posterior complex of the thalamus, ventral subiculum, rostral linear nucleus of the raphe, periaqueductal gray, mesencephalic reticular formation, dorsal raphe nucleus, pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus, medial parabrachial nucleus, locus coeruleus, parvicellular reticular nucleus, intermediate reticular nucleus, and ventrolateral reticular nucleus. In summary, the morphology of the SCN in tree shrews is described from rostral to caudal. In addition, our data demonstrate for the first time that the SCN in tree shrews receives inputs from numerous brain regions in the telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, metencephalon, and myelencephalon. This comprehensive knowledge of the afferent projections of the SCN in tree shrews provides further insights into the neural organization and physiological processes of circadian rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Jun Ni
- Psychiatric Laboratory and Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Huaxi Brain Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Yu-Mian Shu
- School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Peng-Hao Luo
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Jiang-Ning Zhou
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Diseases, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
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Abstract
Camels are highly adapted to harsh environments. The dromedary camel is adapted to a wide range of arid and semi-arid conditions. The aim of the present paper is to review some of the key adaptation characteristics of the dromedary and how they affect reproductive patterns. Special attention is given to the reproductive seasonality and interaction between lactation and reproduction. Adaptive mechanisms are described including some of the recent molecular aspects with respect to heat shock protein expression in camels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Tibary
- Comparative Theriogenology Section, Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
| | - Khalid El Allali
- Comparative Anatomy Unit/URAC49, Department of Biological and Pharmacological Veterinary Sciences, Hassan II Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine Institute, Rabat, Morocco
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Wu P, Cheng J, Chen L, Xiang J, Pan Y, Zhang Y, Zheng T, Liu N, Chu W, Zhang J. Nr1d1 affects autophagy in the skeletal muscles of juvenile Nile tilapia by regulating the rhythmic expression of autophagy-related genes. Fish Physiol Biochem 2020; 46:891-907. [PMID: 32072342 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00757-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an important evolutionary conserved process in eukaryotic organisms for the turnover of intracellular substances. Recent studies revealed that autophagy displays circadian rhythms in mice and zebrafish. To date, there is no report focused on the rhythmic changes of autophagy in fish skeletal muscles upon nutritional deprivation. In this study, we examined the circadian rhythms of 158 functional genes in tilapia muscle in response to starvation. We found that 12 genes were involved in autophagy changed their rhythm after starvation. Among these genes, Atg4c, Bnip3la, Lc3a, Lc3b, Lc3c, and Ulk1a exhibited a daily rhythmicity in tilapia muscle, and Atg4b, becn1, bnip3la, bnip3lb, Lc3a, and ulk1b were significantly upregulated in response to starvation. The number of autophagosomes was dramatically increased in fasted fish, indicating that nutritional signals affect not only the muscular clock system but also its autophagy behavior. Administration of GSK4112, an activator of Nr1d1, altered rhythmic expression of both circadian clock genes and autophagy genes in tilapia muscle. Taken together, these findings provide evidence that nutritional deficiency affects both circadian regulation and autophagy activities in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wu
- Department of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410003, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Jia Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410003, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410003, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Jing Xiang
- Department of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410003, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Yaxiong Pan
- Department of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410003, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Yongzhan Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410003, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Zheng
- Department of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410003, Hunan, China
| | - Naiyuan Liu
- Department of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410003, Hunan, China
| | - Wuying Chu
- Department of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410003, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China.
| | - Jianshe Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering and Environmental Science, Changsha University, Changsha, 410003, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control of Aquatic Animals, Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China.
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Abstract
This paper is the fortieth consecutive installment of the annual anthological review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system, summarizing articles published during 2017 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides and receptors as well as effects of opioid/opiate agonists and antagonists. The review is subdivided into the following specific topics: molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors (1), the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia in animals (2) and humans (3), opioid-sensitive and opioid-insensitive effects of nonopioid analgesics (4), opioid peptide and receptor involvement in tolerance and dependence (5), stress and social status (6), learning and memory (7), eating and drinking (8), drug abuse and alcohol (9), sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (10), mental illness and mood (11), seizures and neurologic disorders (12), electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (13), general activity and locomotion (14), gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (15), cardiovascular responses (16), respiration and thermoregulation (17), and immunological responses (18).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, CUNY, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY, 11367, United States.
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Ainani H, El Bousmaki N, Poirel VJ, Achaâban MR, Ouassat M, Piro M, Klosen P, Simonneaux V, El Allali K. The dromedary camel displays annual variation in hypothalamic kisspeptin and Arg-Phe-amide-related peptide-3 according to sex, season, and breeding activity. J Comp Neurol 2019; 528:32-47. [PMID: 31251823 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) is a desert mammal whose cycles in reproductive activity ensure that the offspring's birth and weaning coincide with periods of abundant food resources and favorable climate conditions. In this study, we assessed whether kisspeptin (Kp) and arginine-phenylalanine (RF)-amide related peptide-3 (RFRP-3), two hypothalamic peptides known to regulate the mammalian hypothalamo-pituitary gonadal axis, may be involved in the seasonal control of camel's reproduction. Using specific antibodies and riboprobes, we found that Kp neurons are present in the preoptic area (POA), suprachiasmatic (SCN), and arcuate (ARC) nuclei, and that RFRP-3 neurons are present in the paraventricular (PVN), dorsomedial (DMH), and ventromedial (VMH) hypothalamic nuclei. Kp fibers are found in various hypothalamic areas, notably the POA, SCN, PVN, DMH, VMH, supraoptic nucleus, and the ventral and dorsal premammillary nucleus. RFRP-3 fibers are found in the POA, SCN, PVN, DMH, VMH, and ARC. POA and ARC Kp neurons and DMH RFRP-3 neurons display sexual dimorphism with more neurons in female than in male. Both neuronal populations display opposed seasonal variations with more Kp neurons and less RFRP-3 neurons during the breeding (December-January) than the nonbreeding (July-August) season. This study is the first describing Kp and RFRP-3 in the camel's brain with, during the winter period lower RFRP-3 expression and higher Kp expression possibly responsible for the HPG axis activation. Altogether, our data indicate the involvement of both Kp and RFRP-3 in the seasonal control of the dromedary camel's breeding activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Ainani
- Comparative Anatomy Unit, Hassan II Agronomy and Veterinary Institute, Rabat Instituts, Rabat, Morocco.,Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR 3212, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Najlae El Bousmaki
- Comparative Anatomy Unit, Hassan II Agronomy and Veterinary Institute, Rabat Instituts, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Vincent-Joseph Poirel
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR 3212, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mohamed Rachid Achaâban
- Comparative Anatomy Unit, Hassan II Agronomy and Veterinary Institute, Rabat Instituts, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Ouassat
- Comparative Anatomy Unit, Hassan II Agronomy and Veterinary Institute, Rabat Instituts, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Piro
- Medicine and Surgical Unit of Domestic animals, Hassan II Agronomy and Veterinary Institute, Rabat Instituts, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Paul Klosen
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR 3212, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Valérie Simonneaux
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR 3212, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Khalid El Allali
- Comparative Anatomy Unit, Hassan II Agronomy and Veterinary Institute, Rabat Instituts, Rabat, Morocco
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Grinevich V, Stoop R. Interplay between Oxytocin and Sensory Systems in the Orchestration of Socio-Emotional Behaviors. Neuron 2018; 99:887-904. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Santana NNM, Barros MAS, Medeiros HHA, Santana MAD, Silva LL, Morais PLAG, Ladd FVL, Cavalcante JS, Lima RRM, Cavalcante JC, Costa MSMO, Engelberth RCJG, Nascimento Jr. ES. The Suprachiasmatic Nucleus and the Intergeniculate Leaflet of the Flat-Faced Fruit-Eating Bat ( Artibeus planirostris): Retinal Projections and Neurochemical Anatomy. Front Neuroanat 2018; 12:36. [PMID: 29867376 PMCID: PMC5962671 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2018.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and the intergeniculate leaflet (IGL) are the main components of the circadian timing system. The SCN, classically known as the master circadian clock, generates rhythms and synchronizes them to environmental cues. The IGL is a key structure that modulates SCN activity. Strategies on the use of time by animals can provide important clues about how some species are adapted to competitive process in nature. Few studies have provided information about temporal niche in bats with special attention on the neural substrate underlies circadian rhythms. The aim of this study was to investigate these circadian centers with respect to their cytoarchitecture, chemical content and retinal projections in the flat-faced fruit-eating bat (Artibeus planirostris), a chiropteran endemic to South America. Unlike other species of phyllostomid bats, the flat-faced fruit-eating bat's peak of activity occurs 5 h after sunset. This raises several questions about the structure and function of the SCN and IGL in this species. We carried out a mapping of the retinal projections and cytoarchitectural study of the nuclei using qualitative and quantitative approaches. Based on relative optical density findings, the SCN and IGL of the flat-faced fruit-eating bat receive bilaterally symmetric retinal innervation. The SCN contains vasopressin (VP) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) neurons with neuropeptide Y (NPY), serotonin (5-HT) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) immunopositive fibers/terminals and is marked by intense glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity. The IGL contains NPY perikarya as well as GAD and 5-HT immunopositive terminals and is characterized by dense GFAP immunostaining. In addition, stereological tools were combined with Nissl stained sections to estimate the volumes of the circadian centers. Taken together, the present results in the flat-faced fruit-eating bat reveal some differences compared to other bat species which might explain the divergence in the hourly activity among bats in order to reduce the competitive potential and resource partitioning in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelyane N. M. Santana
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, Department of Morphology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Helder H. A. Medeiros
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, Department of Morphology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Melquisedec A. D. Santana
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, Department of Morphology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Lara L. Silva
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, Department of Morphology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Paulo L. A. G. Morais
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, Department of Morphology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Fernando V. L. Ladd
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, Department of Morphology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Jeferson S. Cavalcante
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Ruthnaldo R. M. Lima
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, Department of Morphology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Judney C. Cavalcante
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, Department of Morphology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Miriam S. M. O. Costa
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, Department of Morphology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Rovena C. J. G. Engelberth
- Laboratory of Neurochemical Studies, Department of Physiology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Expedito S. Nascimento Jr.
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy, Department of Morphology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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