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Kodi T, Sankhe R, Gopinathan A, Nandakumar K, Kishore A. New Insights on NLRP3 Inflammasome: Mechanisms of Activation, Inhibition, and Epigenetic Regulation. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2024; 19:7. [PMID: 38421496 PMCID: PMC10904444 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-024-10101-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are important modulators of inflammation. Dysregulation of inflammasomes can enhance vulnerability to conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases, autoinflammatory diseases, and metabolic disorders. Among various inflammasomes, Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) is the best-characterized inflammasome related to inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. NLRP3 is an intracellular sensor that recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated patterns resulting in the assembly and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. The NLRP3 inflammasome includes sensor NLRP3, adaptor apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), and effector cysteine protease procaspase-1 that plays an imperative role in caspase-1 stimulation which further initiates a secondary inflammatory response. Regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome ameliorates NLRP3-mediated diseases. Much effort has been invested in studying the activation, and exploration of specific inhibitors and epigenetic mechanisms controlling NLRP3 inflammasome. This review gives an overview of the established NLRP3 inflammasome assembly, its brief molecular mechanistic activations as well as a current update on specific and non-specific NLRP3 inhibitors that could be used in NLRP3-mediated diseases. We also focused on the recently discovered epigenetic mechanisms mediated by DNA methylation, histone alterations, and microRNAs in regulating the activation and expression of NLRP3 inflammasome, which has resulted in a novel method of gaining insight into the mechanisms that modulate NLRP3 inflammasome activity and introducing potential therapeutic strategies for CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triveni Kodi
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Runali Sankhe
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Adarsh Gopinathan
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Krishnadas Nandakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Anoop Kishore
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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Si Y, Liu L, Fan Z. Mechanisms and effects of NLRP3 in digestive cancers. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:10. [PMID: 38182564 PMCID: PMC10770122 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01783-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are thought to be important mediators of host defense against microbial pathogens and maintenance of gastrointestinal tract homeostasis. They can modulate caspase-1 to promote IL-18 and IL-1β secretion and promote phagocytosis induced by bacterial pathogens. NLRP3 is an inflammasome comprising a multiprotein complex assembled by pattern recognition receptors in the cell cytoplasm. It is a crucial component of the innate immune system. Dysregulation of NLRP3 may contribute to inflammatory diseases and intestinal cancers. Recent research suggests that NLRP3 plays an essential role in tumor development; therefore, intensive study of its mechanism is warranted as it could play a key role in the treatment of digestive system tumors. In this review, we discuss the mechanism and role of NLRP3 in tumors of the digestive system and response strategies to modulate NLRP3 for potential use in tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Si
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhe Fan
- Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Dalian, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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Fraile-Martinez O, García-Montero C, Pekarek L, Saz JV, Álvarez-Mon MÁ, Barrena-Blázquez S, García-Honduvilla N, Buján J, Asúnsolo Á, Coca S, Alvarez-Mon M, Guijarro LG, Saez MA, Ortega MA. Decreased survival in patients with pancreatic cancer may be associated with an increase in histopathological expression of inflammasome marker NLRP3. Histol Histopathol 2024; 39:35-40. [PMID: 37057822 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a malignant neoplasm that, despite its low frequency, has a 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. The study of different histopathological markers has allowed a better understanding of the onset and development of this type of tumor as well as facilitating an approach to clinical variables based on their diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive value. In this sense, the NLRP3 protein of the inflammasome has been shown to be a component of great relevance in the initiation and progression of pancreatic cancer, although the value of this biomarker in patients has not yet been clarified. In this study, we selected 41 patients with pancreatic cancer and followed them for 60 months (5 years), evaluating their NLRP3 expression using immunohistochemical techniques. Furthermore, by performing Kaplan-Meier curves, we evaluated the survival of these patients in relation to their NLRP3 expression. Our results show that a significant percentage of our cohort had high expression of this component (90.74%) and that there is an inverse relationship between the expression of NLRP3 and patient survival. High levels of NLRP3 expression are related to lower survival and worse prognosis in these patients, possibly due to an ineffective immune system response and increased tumor-promoted inflammation. Future studies should be aimed at confirming these results in larger groups and evaluating various clinical strategies based on this knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Fraile-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cielo García-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonel Pekarek
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Oncology Service, Guadalajara University Hospital, Guadalajara, Spain
| | - José V Saz
- Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Buján
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Asúnsolo
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Santiago Coca
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Melchor Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology Service an Internal Medicine (CIBEREHD), University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Luis G Guijarro
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of System Biology, University of Alcalá, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Miguel A Saez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Pathological Anatomy Service, Central University Hospital of Defence-UAH Madrid, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Miguel A Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala de Henares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Principe de Asturias University Hospital, Alcala de Henares, Spain.
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Putnam CM, Kondeti L, Kesler MBA, Varney ME. Modulating the immune system as a therapeutic target for myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia. Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 101:481-495. [PMID: 37566901 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2022-0374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Modulating the immune system to treat diseases, including myeloid malignancies, has resulted in the development of a multitude of novel therapeutics in recent years. Myelodysplastic syndromes or neoplasms (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are hematologic malignancies that arise from defects in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Dysregulated immune responses, especially in innate immune and inflammatory pathways, are highly associated with the acquisition of HSPC defects in MDS and AML pathogenesis. In addition to utilizing the immune system in immunotherapeutic interventions such as chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy, vaccines, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, mitigating dysregulation of innate immune and inflammatory responses in MDS and AML remains a priority in slowing the initiation and progression of these myeloid malignancies. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the current progress of diverse strategies to utilize or modulate the immune system in the treatment of MDS and AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M Putnam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marshall University School of Pharmacy, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Lahari Kondeti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marshall University School of Pharmacy, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Meredith B A Kesler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marshall University School of Pharmacy, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Melinda E Varney
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marshall University School of Pharmacy, Huntington, WV, USA
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Tengesdal IW, Dinarello CA, Marchetti C. NLRP3 and cancer: Pathogenesis and therapeutic opportunities. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 251:108545. [PMID: 37866732 PMCID: PMC10710902 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
More than a decade ago IL-1 blockade was suggested as an add-on therapy for the treatment of cancer. This proposal was based on the overall safety record of anti-IL-1 biologics and the anti-tumor properties of IL-1 blockade in animal models of cancer. Today, a new frontier in IL-1 activity regulation has developed with several orally active NLRP3 inhibitors currently in clinical trials, including cancer. Despite an increasing body of evidence suggesting a role of NLRP3 and IL-1-mediated inflammation driving cancer initiation, immunosuppression, growth, and metastasis, NLRP3 activation in cancer remains controversial. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in the understanding of NLRP3 activation in cancer. Further, we discuss the current opportunities for NLRP3 inhibition in cancer intervention with novel small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isak W Tengesdal
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Charles A Dinarello
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Carlo Marchetti
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Wang Y, Zhang B, Zhang Z, Ge J, Xu L, Mao J, Zhou X, Mao L, Xu Q, Sang M. Predicting Prognosis and Immunotherapy Response in Multiple Cancers Based on the Association of PANoptosis-Related Genes with Tumor Heterogeneity. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1994. [PMID: 38002938 PMCID: PMC10671595 DOI: 10.3390/genes14111994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
PANoptosis is a newly recognized inflammatory pathway for programmed cell death (PCD). It participates in regulating the internal environment, homeostasis, and disease process in various complex ways and plays a crucial role in tumor development, but its mechanism of action is still unclear. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the expression of 14 PANoptosis-related genes (PANRGs) in 28 types of tumors. Most PANRGs are upregulated in tumors, including Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3), caspase (CASP) 1, CASP6, CASP8, PYCARD, FADD, MAP3K7, RNF31, and RBCK1. PANRGs are highly expressed in GBM, LGG, and PAAD, while their levels in ACC are much lower than those in normal tissues. We found that both the CNV and SNV gene sets in BLCA are closely related to survival performance. Subsequently, we conducted clustering and LASSO analysis on each tumor and found that the inhibitory and the stimulating immune checkpoints positively correlate with ZBP1, NLRP3, CASP1, CASP8, and TNFAIP3. The immune infiltration results indicated that KIRC is associated with most infiltrating immune cells. According to the six tumor dryness indicators, PANRGs in LGG show the strongest tumor dryness but have a negative correlation with RNAss. In KIRC, LIHC, and TGCT, most PANRGs play an important role in tumor heterogeneity. Additionally, we analyzed the linear relationship between PANRGs and miRNA and found that MAP3K7 correlates to many miRNAs in most cancers. Finally, we predicted the possible drugs for targeted therapy of the cancers. These data greatly enhance our understanding of the components of cancer and may lead to the discovery of new biomarkers for predicting immunotherapy response and improving the prognosis of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhan Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; (Y.W.); (B.Z.); (Z.Z.); (J.G.); (L.X.); (J.M.); (X.Z.); (L.M.)
| | - Boyu Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; (Y.W.); (B.Z.); (Z.Z.); (J.G.); (L.X.); (J.M.); (X.Z.); (L.M.)
| | - Zongying Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; (Y.W.); (B.Z.); (Z.Z.); (J.G.); (L.X.); (J.M.); (X.Z.); (L.M.)
| | - Jia Ge
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; (Y.W.); (B.Z.); (Z.Z.); (J.G.); (L.X.); (J.M.); (X.Z.); (L.M.)
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; (Y.W.); (B.Z.); (Z.Z.); (J.G.); (L.X.); (J.M.); (X.Z.); (L.M.)
| | - Jiawei Mao
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; (Y.W.); (B.Z.); (Z.Z.); (J.G.); (L.X.); (J.M.); (X.Z.); (L.M.)
| | - Xiaorong Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; (Y.W.); (B.Z.); (Z.Z.); (J.G.); (L.X.); (J.M.); (X.Z.); (L.M.)
| | - Liming Mao
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; (Y.W.); (B.Z.); (Z.Z.); (J.G.); (L.X.); (J.M.); (X.Z.); (L.M.)
- Basic Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Qiuyun Xu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; (Y.W.); (B.Z.); (Z.Z.); (J.G.); (L.X.); (J.M.); (X.Z.); (L.M.)
- Basic Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Mengmeng Sang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; (Y.W.); (B.Z.); (Z.Z.); (J.G.); (L.X.); (J.M.); (X.Z.); (L.M.)
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Wang B, Wang H, Yue L, Chen Q, Dong J, Jiang T. Combination therapy of irreversible electroporation and cytokine-induced killer cells for treating mice bearing panc02 pancreatic-cancer xenografts. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 35:101547. [PMID: 37745985 PMCID: PMC10514433 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the antitumor effects and potent mechanism of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells combined with irreversible electroporation (IRE) via Panc02 cell-bearing mouse model in vivo. CIK cells were isolated from the spleens of Panc02 pancreatic-cancer (PC) subcutaneous-xenograft model and the proportion of different lymphocytes was also determined. The antitumor effect of the combination of IRE and CIK cells in a PC subcutaneous-xenograft model was also investigated. The proportion of cells that were positive for CD3+CD8+ and the proportion of CD3+CD56+ cells were both significantly increased after 21 days of in vitro culture. Combined treatment of IRE and CIK cell significantly inhibited tumor growth and increased the survival rate of Panc02 cell-bearing mice. Furthermore, infiltration of lymphocytes into tumor tissue was significantly increased by this combination therapy compared with the untreated group or monotherapy group. In addition, IRE significantly enhanced the expression of chemokine receptors elicited by CIK cells. In conclusion, IRE combined with CIK cells showed superior antitumor efficacy in a PC xenograft model, which we attributed to the promotion of lymphocytic infiltration, as well as to upregulation of chemokine receptor expression and the regulators of CIK cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohua Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Huiyang Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Lan Yue
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Zhejiang CuraWay Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Junjie Dong
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Tian'an Jiang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310023, China
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Zhang Z, Li X, Wang Y, Wei Y, Wei X. Involvement of inflammasomes in tumor microenvironment and tumor therapies. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:24. [PMID: 36932407 PMCID: PMC10022228 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01407-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are macromolecular platforms formed in response to damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and pathogen-associated molecular patterns, whose formation would cause maturation of interleukin-1 (IL-1) family members and gasdermin D (GSDMD), leading to IL-1 secretion and pyroptosis respectively. Several kinds of inflammasomes detecting different types of dangers have been found. The activation of inflammasomes is regulated at both transcription and posttranscription levels, which is crucial in protecting the host from infections and sterile insults. Present findings have illustrated that inflammasomes are involved in not only infection but also the pathology of tumors implying an important link between inflammation and tumor development. Generally, inflammasomes participate in tumorigenesis, cell death, metastasis, immune evasion, chemotherapy, target therapy, and radiotherapy. Inflammasome components are upregulated in some tumors, and inflammasomes can be activated in cancer cells and other stromal cells by DAMPs, chemotherapy agents, and radiation. In some cases, inflammasomes inhibit tumor progression by initiating GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis in cancer cells and stimulating IL-1 signal-mediated anti-tumor immunity. However, IL-1 signal recruits immunosuppressive cell subsets in other cases. We discuss the conflicting results and propose some possible explanations. Additionally, we also summarize interventions targeting inflammasome pathways in both preclinical and clinical stages. Interventions targeting inflammasomes are promising for immunotherapy and combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Zhang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Li
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan People’s Republic of China
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Sun CC, Li L, Tao HQ, Jiang ZC, Wang L, Wang HJ. The role of NLRP3 inflammasome in digestive system malignancy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1051612. [PMID: 36619871 PMCID: PMC9816811 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1051612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Digestive system malignancies, the most common types of cancer and a major cause of death in the worldwide, are generally characterized by high morbidity, insidious symptoms and poor prognosis. NLRP3 inflammasome, the most studied inflammasome member, is considered to be crucial in tumorigenesis. In this paper, we reviewed its pro-tumorigenic and anti-tumorigenic properties in different types of digestive system malignancy depending on the types of cells, tissues and organs involved, which would provide promising avenue for exploring new anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen-Cen Sun
- Basic Medical Experimental Teaching Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China,Cancer Center, General Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hou-Quan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China,Cancer Center, General Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Chen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Hand and Reconstruction Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Hui-Ju Wang, ; Liang Wang,
| | - Hui-Ju Wang
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China,Cancer Center, General Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Hui-Ju Wang, ; Liang Wang,
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The NLRP3 inflammasome is significantly associated with tumor development and metastasis in various malignancies. However, the significance of the NLRP3 inflammasome in pancreatic adenocarcinoma has not been fully determined. Therefore, we try to evaluate the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome in pancreatic adenocarcinoma and analyzed its prognostic significance. METHODS This cohort study enrolled 98 patients with primary pancreatic adenocarcinoma who received curative surgery. The NLRP3 inflammasome expression levels in cancer tissue were determined by immunohistochemistry, and compared with that of adjacent normal tissues. The association between NLRP3 inflammasome expression levels and baseline clinicopathological characteristics were also analyzed. Moreover, the correlation between NLRP3 inflammasome expression levels and survival was analyzed by log-rank test, and the survival curve was made by the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS Expression of each NLRP3 inflammasome component in cancer tissue was higher than that in the adjacent normal tissues (all P < 0.05), including NLRP3, IL-1β, ASC, and Caspase-1. All four components of the NLRP3 inflammasome were closely associated with clinical stage and lymph node status (all P < 0.05). The Kaplan-Meier log rank test showed that the high expression level of the NLRP3 inflammasome was significantly related to poor overall survival in pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients. CONCLUSIONS NLRP3 inflammasome expression was upregulated in cancer tissue and closely associated with the prognosis of operable pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zheng
- Ambulatory Care Department, The Seventh Medical Centre, 104607Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hailiang Liu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center, 104607Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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11
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Dhanjal CR, Lingamsetty R, Pareddy A, Kim S, Raval R. Dual Role of Chitin as the Double Edged Sword in Controlling the NLRP3 Inflammasome Driven Gastrointestinal and Gynaecological Tumours. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:452. [PMID: 35877745 PMCID: PMC9323176 DOI: 10.3390/md20070452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of NLRP3 in the tumour microenvironment is elusive. In some cancers, the activation of NLRP3 causes a worse prognosis and in some cancers, NLRP3 increases chances of survivability. However, in many cases where NLRP3 has a protumorigenic role, inhibition of NLRP3 would be a crucial step in therapy. Consequently, activation of NLRP3 would be of essence when inflammation is required. Although many ways of inhibiting and activating NLRP3 in cancers have been discussed before, not a lot of focus has been given to chitin and chitosan in this context. The availability of these marine compounds and their versatility in dealing with inflammation needs to be investigated further in relation with cancers, along with other natural extracts. In this review, the effects of NLRP3 on gastrointestinal and gynaecological cancers and the impact of different natural extracts on NLRP3s with special emphasis on chitin and chitosan is discussed. A research gap in using chitin derivatives as anti/pro-inflammatory agents in cancer treatment has been highlighted.
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12
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Gao LJ, Li JL, Yang RR, He ZM, Yan M, Cao X, Cao JM. Biological Characterization and Clinical Value of OAS Gene Family in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:884334. [PMID: 35719943 PMCID: PMC9205247 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.884334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background OAS gene family plays an important role in antiviral process, but its role in pancreatic cancer has not yet been studied. Methods We analyzed the expression, prognostic value and biological function of the OAS gene family in human pancreatic cancer through comprehensive bioinformatic analysis and cellular level validation. Results OAS family was highly expressed in pancreatic cancer, and this high expression significantly affected the clinical stage and prognosis of the tumor. OAS gene family was closely related to the immune infiltration of pancreatic cancer, especially neutrophils and dendritic cells, and many immune-related factors and pathways are enriched in the tumor, such as type I interferon signaling pathway and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Conclusion Taken together, high expression of OAS family is closely related to poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer. OAS gene family may serve as the biomarker and even therapeutic target of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jia-Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Rui-Rui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhong-Mei He
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Min Yan
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xia Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ji-Min Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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13
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Yu Y, Cao F, Xiong Y, Zhou H. SP1 transcriptionally activates NLRP6 inflammasome and induces immune evasion and radioresistance in glioma cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 98:107858. [PMID: 34147913 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glioma accounts for approximately 80% of all malignant brain tumors. This study aimed to investigate the interaction between specificity protein 1 (SP1) and NLR family pyrin domain containing 6 (NLRP6) and their roles in the activity of glioma cells. Differentially expressed genes in glioma were identified using transcriptome analysis tools, and a protein-protein-interaction network was performed based on the DEGs. SP1 and NLRP6 were abundantly expressed in glioma cells and indicated unfavorable prognosis of patients according to the GEO datasets. SP1could bind to the promoter of NLRP6 and induce its transcriptional activity. Downregulation of SP1 reduced proliferation, migration and invasion of glioma U87 cells in vitro as well as tumorigenesis in vivo. The malignancy of cells was restored after NLRP6 upregulation. Downregulation of SP1 in glioma cells also increased proliferation of CD8+ T cells and the immune activity in U87 cells, and it reduced the radioresistance of U87 cells. However, the immune evasion and radioresistance of glioma cells were restored upon NLRP6 upregulation. NLRP6 mediated the innate immune pathway through an ASC/caspase-1/IL-1β axis. To conclude, this study suggested that SP1 interacts with NLRP6 inflammasome to enhance malignant behaviors, immune evasion and radioresistance in glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhu Yu
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Disease, People's Hospital of Honghuagang District of Zunyi, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, PR China.
| | - Fang Cao
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Yanquan Xiong
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Disease, People's Hospital of Honghuagang District of Zunyi, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, PR China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Clinical Research Center for Neurological Disease, People's Hospital of Honghuagang District of Zunyi, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, PR China
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