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Coscia F, Di Filippo ES, Gigliotti PV, Fano Illic G. Effect of physical activity on long COVID fatigue: an unsolved enigma. Eur J Transl Myol 2023; 33:11639. [PMID: 37667865 PMCID: PMC10583148 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2023.11639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Covid-19 disease is well documented and often the most common symptoms include myalgia and muscle fatigue. Approximately 10% of those infected complain of persistent fatigue even many months after the end of the acute phase of the disease. This gives rise to a condition different from the previous one and commonly known as 'post-acute COVID-19 syndrome' or simply Long-COVID. Although the origin of muscle fatigue is multifactorial, the state of prolonged fatigue observed in the Long-COVID syndrome suggests the existence of a possible state of atrophy or rather acute sarcopenia. Under these conditions, the use of physical activity programs can effectively counteract the state of atrophy underlying the fatigue phenomena observed. If this is also the situation during the Long-COVID, the muscular symptom should be positively influenced by the administration of programmed physical activity cycles. In fact, in patients with Long-COVID, the few published papers seem to indicate that patients who are physically active and who make an effort to engage in physical activity even during the illness have decreased duration and intensity of the illness. However, analysis of the studies in the literature also suggests that a small percentage of people with Long-COVID do not appear to benefit from the application of physical activity programs, so further studies on homogeneous samples are needed to provide a firm answer to the question: can planned physical activity help patients during the pathological course of Long-COVID?
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Coscia
- Sports Medicine Service of the San Candido-Innichen and Brunico-Bruneck Hospitals, Bolzano-Bozen, San Candido.
| | - Ester Sara Di Filippo
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; IIM-Interuniversity Institute of Myology, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti.
| | | | - Giorgio Fano Illic
- IIM-Interuniversity Institute of Myology, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Campus of Free University of Alcatraz, Free University of Alcatraz, Santa Cristina di Gubbio, Gubbio, Italy; A&C M-C Foundation for Translational Myology, Padova.
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Giovanelli L, Malacarne M, Pagani M, Biolo G, Mekjavic IB, Bernardelli G, Lucini D. Moderate Aerobic Exercise Reduces the Detrimental Effects of Hypoxia on Cardiac Autonomic Control in Healthy Volunteers. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13040585. [PMID: 37108971 PMCID: PMC10146556 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13040585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity increases cardiometabolic risk through a variety of mechanisms, among which alterations of immunological, metabolic, and autonomic control systems may play a pivotal role. Physical inactivity is frequently associated with other factors that may further worsen prognosis. The association between physical inactivity and hypoxia is particularly interesting and characterizes several conditions—whether physiological (e.g., residing or trekking at high altitude and space flights) or pathological (e.g., chronic cardiopulmonary diseases and COVID-19). In this randomized intervention study, we investigated the combined effects of physical inactivity and hypoxia on autonomic control in eleven healthy and physically active male volunteers, both at baseline (ambulatory) conditions and, in a randomized order, hypoxic ambulatory, hypoxic bedrest, and normoxic bedrest (i.e., a simple experimental model of physical inactivity). Autoregressive spectral analysis of cardiovascular variabilities was employed to assess cardiac autonomic control. Notably, we found hypoxia to be associated with an impairment of cardiac autonomic control, especially when combined with bedrest. In particular, we observed an impairment of indices of baroreflex control, a reduction in the marker of prevalent vagal control to the SA node, and an increase in the marker of sympathetic control to vasculature.
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Ivnitsky JJ, Schäfer TV, Rejniuk VL, Golovko AI. Endogenous humoral determinants of vascular endothelial dysfunction as triggers of acute poisoning complications. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:47-65. [PMID: 35258106 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The vascular endothelium is not only the semipermeable membrane that separates tissue from blood but also an organ that regulates inflammation, vascular tone, blood clotting, angiogenesis and synthesis of connective tissue proteins. It is susceptible to the direct cytotoxic action of numerous xenobiotics and to the acute hypoxia that accompanies acute poisoning. This damage is superimposed on the preformed state of the vascular endothelium, which, in turn, depends on many humoral factors. The probability that an exogenous toxicant will cause life-threatening dysfunction of the vascular endothelium, thereby complicating the course of acute poisoning, increases with an increase in the content of endogenous substances in the blood that disrupt endothelial function. These include ammonia, bacterial endotoxin, indoxyl sulfate, para-cresyl sulfate, trimethylamine N-oxide, asymmetric dimethylarginine, glucose, homocysteine, low-density and very-low-density lipoproteins, free fatty acids and products of intravascular haemolysis. Some other endogenous substances (albumin, haptoglobin, haemopexin, biliverdin, bilirubin, tetrahydrobiopterin) or food-derived compounds (ascorbic acid, rutin, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, etc.) reduce the risk of lethal vascular endothelial dysfunction. The individual variability of the content of these substances in the blood contributes to the stochasticity of the complications of acute poisoning and is a promising target for the risk reduction measures. Another feasible option may be the repositioning of drugs that affect the function of the vascular endothelium while being currently used for other indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jury Ju Ivnitsky
- Golikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology under the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Timur V Schäfer
- State Scientific Research Test Institute of the Military Medicine of Defense Ministry of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir L Rejniuk
- Golikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology under the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexandr I Golovko
- Golikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology under the Federal Medical Biological Agency, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Vinci P, Di Girolamo FG, Mangogna A, Mearelli F, Nunnari A, Fiotti N, Giordano M, Bareille MP, Biolo G. Early lean mass sparing effect of high-protein diet with excess leucine during long-term bed rest in women. Front Nutr 2022; 9:976818. [PMID: 36505255 PMCID: PMC9729546 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.976818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle inactivity leads to muscle atrophy. Leucine is known to inhibit protein degradation and to promote protein synthesis in skeletal muscle. We tested the ability of a high-protein diet enriched with branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) to prevent muscle atrophy during long-term bed rest (BR). We determined body composition (using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry) at baseline and every 2-weeks during 60 days of BR in 16 healthy young women. Nitrogen (N) balance was assessed daily as the difference between N intake and N urinary excretion. The subjects were randomized into two groups: one received a conventional diet (1.1 ± 0.03 g protein/kg, 4.9 ± 0.3 g leucine per day) and the other a high protein, BCAA-enriched regimen (1.6 ± 0.03 g protein-amino acid/kg, 11.4 ± 0.6 g leucine per day). There were significant BR and BR × diet interaction effects on changes in lean body mass (LBM) and N balance throughout the experimental period (repeated measures ANCOVA). During the first 15 days of BR, lean mass decreased by 4.1 ± 0.9 and 2.4 ± 2.1% (p < 0.05) in the conventional and high protein-BCAA diet groups, respectively, while at the end of the 60-day BR, LBM decreased similarly in the two groups by 7.4 ± 0.7 and 6.8 ± 2.4%. During the first 15 days of BR, mean N balance was 2.5 times greater (p < 0.05) in subjects on the high protein-BCAA diet than in those on the conventional diet, while we did not find significant differences during the following time intervals. In conclusion, during 60 days of BR in females, a high protein-BCAA diet was associated with an early protein-LBM sparing effect, which ceased in the medium and long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierandrea Vinci
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, Medical Clinic, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Filippo Giorgio Di Girolamo
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, Medical Clinic, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy,Hospital Pharmacy, Cattinara Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mangogna
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Filippo Mearelli
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, Medical Clinic, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessio Nunnari
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, Medical Clinic, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Nicola Fiotti
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, Medical Clinic, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mauro Giordano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Gianni Biolo
- Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, Medical Clinic, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy,*Correspondence: Gianni Biolo,
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AbdelHafez MA. Protective and therapeutic potentials of HDL and ApoA1 in COVID-19 elderly and chronic illness patients. Bull Natl Res Cent 2022; 46:222. [PMID: 35915785 PMCID: PMC9330984 DOI: 10.1186/s42269-022-00886-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Elderly subjects, obese, and patients with chronic illnesses, are the most affected group. HDL has pleiotropic physiological functions that are affected with alteration(s) in its structure. MAIN TEXT Inflammation whether septic, immune, or other affects HDL structure and function. COVID-19 is associated with systemic immune-inflammation due to cytokine surge. Viral interaction with erythrocytes and hemoglobin-related compounds (may cause anemia and hypoxia) and other factors may affect HDL function. Trials have been conducted to resume HDL functions using peptide preparation, nutritional, and herbal elements. CONCLUSIONS In this review article, I'll discuss the use of reconstituted HDL (rHDL), Apo-A1 mimetic peptide D-4F, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and the powdered roots and/or extract of Saussurea lappa (costus) to avoid comorbidity and mortality of COVID-19 in patients with chronic illness or elderly-age mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Aly AbdelHafez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr AlAiny, Al-Manyal, Cairo, Cairo 11562 Egypt
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Botondi V, Pirra A, Strozzi M, Perrotta M, Gavilanes DAW, Di Ricco L, Spagnuolo C, Maconi A, Rocchetti A, Mazzucco L, Balbo V, Schena F, Stellitano G, Oddi A, Dotta A, Bersani I, Sannia A, Peila C, Bertino E, Bianco I, Gambi A, Mangifesta R, Gazzolo D. Perinatal asphyxia partly affects presepsin urine levels in non-infected term infants. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022; 60:793-799. [PMID: 35112525 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Standard of care sepsis biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) can be affected by several perinatal factors, among which perinatal asphyxia (PA) has a significant role. In this light, new early sepsis biomarkers such as presepsin (P-SEP) are needed to enact therapeutic strategies at a stage when clinical and laboratory patterns are still silent or unavailable. We aimed at investigating the potential effects of PA on longitudinal P-SEP urine levels. METHODS We conducted an observational case-control study in 76 term infants, 38 with PA and 38 controls. Standard clinical, laboratory, radiological monitoring procedures and P-SEP urine measurement were performed at four time-points (first void, 24, 48, 96 h) after birth. RESULTS Higher (p<0.05) CRP and PCT blood levels at T1-T3 were observed in PA than control infants whilst no differences (p>0.05, for all) at T0 were observed between groups. P-SEP urine levels were higher (p<0.05) in PA at first void and at 24 h while no differences (p>0.05) at 48 and 96 h were observed. No significant correlations were found (p>0.05) between P-SEP and urea (R=0.11) and creatinine (R=0.02) blood levels, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The present results, showed that PA effects on P-SEP were limited up to the first 24 h following birth in absence of any kidney function bias. Data open the way to further investigations aimed at validating P-SEP assessment in non-invasive biological fluids as a reliable tool for early EOS and LOS detection in high-risk infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Botondi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alice Pirra
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, S. Croce and Carle Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Strozzi
- Department of Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, ASO SS Antonio, Biagio and C. Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Marika Perrotta
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Danilo A W Gavilanes
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Di Ricco
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Cynzia Spagnuolo
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonio Maconi
- Department of Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, ASO SS Antonio, Biagio and C. Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Andrea Rocchetti
- Department of Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, ASO SS Antonio, Biagio and C. Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Laura Mazzucco
- Department of Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, ASO SS Antonio, Biagio and C. Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Valeria Balbo
- Department of Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, ASO SS Antonio, Biagio and C. Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Federico Schena
- Department of Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, ASO SS Antonio, Biagio and C. Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Stellitano
- Department of Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, ASO SS Antonio, Biagio and C. Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Arianna Oddi
- Department of Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, ASO SS Antonio, Biagio and C. Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Andrea Dotta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Neonatology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Iliana Bersani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Neonatology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sannia
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, S. Croce and Carle Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Chiara Peila
- Complex Structure Neonatology Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatric, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Enrico Bertino
- Complex Structure Neonatology Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatric, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ines Bianco
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, SS Annunziata Hospital, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gambi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, SS Annunziata Hospital, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Diego Gazzolo
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
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Di Girolamo FG, Fiotti N, Sisto UG, Nunnari A, Colla S, Mearelli F, Vinci P, Schincariol P, Biolo G. Skeletal Muscle in Hypoxia and Inflammation: Insights on the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Nutr 2022; 9:865402. [PMID: 35529457 PMCID: PMC9072827 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.865402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection is often associated with severe inflammation, oxidative stress, hypoxia and impaired physical activity. These factors all together contribute to muscle wasting and fatigue. In addition, there is evidence of a direct SARS-CoV-2 viral infiltration into skeletal muscle. Aging is often characterized by sarcopenia or sarcopenic obesity These conditions are risk factors for severe acute COVID-19 and long-COVID-19 syndrome. From these observations we may predict a strong association between COVID-19 and decreased muscle mass and functions. While the relationship between physical inactivity, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress and muscle dysfunction is well-known, the effects on muscle mass of COVID-19-related hypoxemia are inadequately investigated. The aim of this review is to highlight metabolic, immunity-related and redox biomarkers potentially affected by reduced oxygen availability and/or muscle fatigue in order to shed light on the negative impact of COVID-19 on muscle mass and function. Possible countermeasures are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo G. Di Girolamo
- Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- SC Assistenza Farmaceutica, Cattinara Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, Italy
- *Correspondence: Filippo G. Di Girolamo
| | - Nicola Fiotti
- Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Ugo G. Sisto
- Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessio Nunnari
- Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefano Colla
- SC Assistenza Farmaceutica, Cattinara Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, Italy
| | - Filippo Mearelli
- Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Pierandrea Vinci
- Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Schincariol
- SC Assistenza Farmaceutica, Cattinara Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gianni Biolo
- Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Vinci P, Panizon E, Tosoni LM, Cerrato C, Pellicori F, Mearelli F, Biasinutto C, Fiotti N, Di Girolamo FG, Biolo G. Statin-Associated Myopathy: Emphasis on Mechanisms and Targeted Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11687. [PMID: 34769118 PMCID: PMC8583847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Statins are the first-choice therapy for dyslipidemias and are considered the cornerstone of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in both primary and secondary prevention. Despite the statin-therapy-mediated positive effects on cardiovascular events, patient compliance is often poor. Statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) are the most common side effect associated with treatment discontinuation. SAMS, which range from mild-to-moderate muscle pain, weakness, or fatigue to potentially life-threatening rhabdomyolysis, are reported by 10% to 25% of patients receiving statin therapy. There are many risk factors associated with patient features and hypolipidemic agents that seem to increase the risk of developing SAMS. Due to the lack of a "gold standard", the diagnostic test for SAMS is based on a clinical criteria score, which is independent of creatine kinase (CK) elevation. Mechanisms that underlie the pathogenesis of SAMS remain almost unclear, though a high number of risk factors may increase the probability of myotoxicity induced by statin therapy. Some of these, related to pharmacokinetic properties of statins and to concomitant therapies or patient characteristics, may affect statin bioavailability and increase vulnerability to high-dose statins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierandrea Vinci
- Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.P.); (L.M.T.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (F.M.); (N.F.); (F.G.D.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Emiliano Panizon
- Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.P.); (L.M.T.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (F.M.); (N.F.); (F.G.D.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Letizia Maria Tosoni
- Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.P.); (L.M.T.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (F.M.); (N.F.); (F.G.D.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Carla Cerrato
- Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.P.); (L.M.T.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (F.M.); (N.F.); (F.G.D.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Federica Pellicori
- Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.P.); (L.M.T.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (F.M.); (N.F.); (F.G.D.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Filippo Mearelli
- Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.P.); (L.M.T.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (F.M.); (N.F.); (F.G.D.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Chiara Biasinutto
- SC Assistenza Farmaceutica, Cattinara Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Nicola Fiotti
- Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.P.); (L.M.T.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (F.M.); (N.F.); (F.G.D.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Filippo Giorgio Di Girolamo
- Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.P.); (L.M.T.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (F.M.); (N.F.); (F.G.D.G.); (G.B.)
- SC Assistenza Farmaceutica, Cattinara Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Gianni Biolo
- Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (E.P.); (L.M.T.); (C.C.); (F.P.); (F.M.); (N.F.); (F.G.D.G.); (G.B.)
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Petrocelli JJ, McKenzie AI, Mahmassani ZS, Reidy PT, Stoddard GJ, Poss AM, Holland WL, Summers SA, Drummond MJ. Ceramide Biomarkers Predictive of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Increase in Healthy Older Adults After Bed Rest. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 75:1663-1670. [PMID: 32215553 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute bed rest places older adults at risk for health complications by disrupting homeostasis in many organ systems, including the cardiovascular system. Circulating ceramides are emerging biomarkers predictive of cardiovascular and metabolic health and have recently been shown to be sensitive indices of cardiovascular (CV) risk. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to characterize the time course of changes in circulating ceramides in healthy younger and older adults after 5 days of bed rest and to determine whether short-term bed rest alters CV-related circulating ceramides. We hypothesized that circulating ceramides predictive of poor cardiometabolic outcomes would increase following 5 days of bed rest. Thirty-five healthy younger and older men and women (young: n = 13, old: n = 22) underwent 5 days of controlled bed rest. Fasting blood samples collected daily during the course of bed rest were used to measure circulating ceramides, lipoproteins, adiponectin, and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) levels. The primary findings were that circulating ceramides decreased while ceramide ratios and the cardiac event risk test 1 score were increased primarily in older adults, and these findings were independent of changes in circulating lipoprotein levels. Additionally, we found that changes in circulating adiponectin, FGF21 and the 6-minute walk test (6MW) inversely correlated with CV-related circulating ceramides after bed rest. The results of this study highlight the sensitivity of circulating ceramides to detect potential CV dysfunction that may occur with acute physical disuse in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J Petrocelli
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Alec I McKenzie
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Ziad S Mahmassani
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Paul T Reidy
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Gregory J Stoddard
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Annelise M Poss
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - William L Holland
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Scott A Summers
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Micah J Drummond
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
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Pedrinolla A, Colosio AL, Magliozzi R, Danese E, Kirmizi E, Rossi S, Pogliaghi S, Calabrese M, Gelati M, Muti E, Cè E, Longo S, Esposito F, Lippi G, Schena F, Venturelli M. The Vascular Side of Chronic Bed Rest: When a Therapeutic Approach Becomes Deleterious. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9040918. [PMID: 32230833 PMCID: PMC7230833 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9040918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The interplay between chronic constraint and advanced aging on blood flow, shear-rate, vascular function, nitric oxide (NO)-bioavailability, microcirculation, and vascular inflammation factors is still a matter of debate. Ninety-eight individuals (Young, n = 28, 23 ± 3 yrs; Old, n = 36, 85 ± 7 yrs; Bedridden, n = 34, 88 ± 6 yrs) were included in the study. The bedridden group included old individuals chronically confined to bed (3.8 ± 2.3 yrs). A blood sample was collected and analyzed for plasma nitrate, and vascular inflammatory markers. Hyperemic response (∆peak) during the single passive leg movement (sPLM) test was used to measure vascular function. Skeletal muscle total hemoglobin was measured at the vastus lateralis during the sPLM test, by means of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Bedridden subjects revealed a depletion of plasma nitrates compared with Old (−23.8%) and Young (−31.1%). Blood flow was lower in the Bedridden in comparison to Old (−20.1%) and Young (−31.7%). Bedridden presented lower sPLM ∆peak compared Old (−72.5%) and the Young (−83.3%). ∆peak of NIRS total hemoglobin was lower in the Bedridden compared to that in the Young (−133%). All vascular inflammatory markers except IL-6 were significantly worse in the Bedridden compared to Old and Young. No differences were found between the Old and Young in inflammatory markers. Results of this study confirm that chronic physical constraint induces an exacerbation of vascular disfunction and differential regulation of vascular-related inflammatory markers. The mechanisms involved in these negative adaptations seems to be associated with endothelial dysfunction and consequent diminished NO-bioavailability likely caused by the reduced shear-rate consequential to long-term reduction of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pedrinolla
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Science, Section of Movement Science, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.P.); (A.L.C.); (S.P.); (F.S.)
| | - Alessandro L. Colosio
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Science, Section of Movement Science, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.P.); (A.L.C.); (S.P.); (F.S.)
| | - Roberta Magliozzi
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, Section of Neurology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (R.M.); (S.R.); (M.C.)
| | - Elisa Danese
- Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.D.); (M.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Emine Kirmizi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University. Eskisehir City Hospital, Eskisehir 16059, Turkey;
| | - Stefania Rossi
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, Section of Neurology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (R.M.); (S.R.); (M.C.)
| | - Silvia Pogliaghi
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Science, Section of Movement Science, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.P.); (A.L.C.); (S.P.); (F.S.)
| | - Massimiliano Calabrese
- Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences, Section of Neurology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (R.M.); (S.R.); (M.C.)
| | - Matteo Gelati
- Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.D.); (M.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Ettore Muti
- Mons. Mazzali Foundation, 46100 Mantua, Italy;
| | - Emiliano Cè
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.C.); (S.L.); (F.E.)
- IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Longo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.C.); (S.L.); (F.E.)
| | - Fabio Esposito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.C.); (S.L.); (F.E.)
- IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lippi
- Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (E.D.); (M.G.); (G.L.)
| | - Federico Schena
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Science, Section of Movement Science, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.P.); (A.L.C.); (S.P.); (F.S.)
| | - Massimo Venturelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Science, Section of Movement Science, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.P.); (A.L.C.); (S.P.); (F.S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine section of Geriatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- Correspondence:
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