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Golomazou E, Mamedova S, Eslahi AV, Karanis P. Cryptosporidium and agriculture: A review. Sci Total Environ 2024; 916:170057. [PMID: 38242460 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Cryptosporidiosis is a significant contributor to global foodborne and waterborne disease burden. It is a widespread cause of diarrheal diseases that affect humans and animals worldwide. Agricultural environments can become a source of contamination with Cryptosporidium species through faecal material derived from humans and animals. This review aims to report the main findings of scientific research on Cryptosporidium species related to various agricultural sectors, and highlights the risks of cryptosporidiosis in agricultural production, the contamination sources, the importance of animal production in transmission, and the role of farmed animals as hosts of the parasites. Agricultural contamination sources can cause water pollution in groundwater and different surface waters used for drinking, recreational purposes, and irrigation. The application of contaminated manure, faecal sludge management, and irrigation with inadequately treated water are the main concerns associated with foodborne and waterborne cryptosporidiosis related to agricultural activities. The review emphasizes the public health implications of agriculture concerning the transmission risk of Cryptosporidium parasites and the urgent need for a new concept in the agriculture sector. Furthermore, the findings of this review provide valuable information for developing appropriate measures and monitoring strategies to minimize the risk of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Golomazou
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment - Aquaculture Laboratory, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Fytokou str., 38446 Volos, Greece
| | - Simuzer Mamedova
- Institute of Zoology, Ministry of Science and Education Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan & Department of Life Sciences, Khazar University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Aida Vafae Eslahi
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Panagiotis Karanis
- University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, 50931 Cologne, Germany; University of Nicosia Medical School, Department of Basic and Clinical Sciences, Anatomy Centre, 2408 Nicosia, Cyprus.
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Chae JB, Shin SU, Kim S, Jo YM, Roh H, Chae H, Kim WG, Chae JS, Song H, Kang JW. The First Identification of Cryptosporidium parvum Virus-1 (CSpV1) in Hanwoo ( Bos taurus coreanae) Calves in Korea. Vet Sci 2023; 10:633. [PMID: 37999455 PMCID: PMC10674401 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10110633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptosporidium is an obligate coccidian parasite that causes enteric diseases in bovine species. A double-stranded RNA virus associated with C. parvum oocysts, Cryptosporidium parvum virus-1 (CSpV1), has been characterized. However, the relationship between the abovementioned coccidian parasite and the virus has not been studied in the context of the known clinical outcomes. This study aimed to characterize the prevalence and molecular traits of CSpV1 in diarrheal feces of Hanwoo (Korean indigenous cattle) calves. Of the 140 fecal samples previously tested for C. parvum, which were obtained from Hanwoo calves aged 60 days, 70 tested positive and 70 tested negative. These samples were included in this study. By using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis targeting the RdRp gene of CSpV1, we detected CSpV1 in 28 samples (20.0%), with infection rates of 31.4% (22/70) in C. parvum-positive and 8.6% (6/70) in C. parvum-negative samples. CSpV1 samples detected in the same farm were clustered together. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the prevalence and molecular characteristics of CSpV1 in Hanwoo calves in the Republic of Korea, providing important insights into the relationship between C. parvum and CSpV1 in bovine hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Byoung Chae
- Bio Team, Animal Industry Data Korea, Seoul 06152, Republic of Korea; (J.-B.C.); (S.-U.S.); (S.K.); (Y.-M.J.); (H.R.); (H.C.); (W.-G.K.)
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Centre, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seung-Uk Shin
- Bio Team, Animal Industry Data Korea, Seoul 06152, Republic of Korea; (J.-B.C.); (S.-U.S.); (S.K.); (Y.-M.J.); (H.R.); (H.C.); (W.-G.K.)
| | - Serim Kim
- Bio Team, Animal Industry Data Korea, Seoul 06152, Republic of Korea; (J.-B.C.); (S.-U.S.); (S.K.); (Y.-M.J.); (H.R.); (H.C.); (W.-G.K.)
| | - Young-Mi Jo
- Bio Team, Animal Industry Data Korea, Seoul 06152, Republic of Korea; (J.-B.C.); (S.-U.S.); (S.K.); (Y.-M.J.); (H.R.); (H.C.); (W.-G.K.)
| | - Hyunsoo Roh
- Bio Team, Animal Industry Data Korea, Seoul 06152, Republic of Korea; (J.-B.C.); (S.-U.S.); (S.K.); (Y.-M.J.); (H.R.); (H.C.); (W.-G.K.)
| | - Hansong Chae
- Bio Team, Animal Industry Data Korea, Seoul 06152, Republic of Korea; (J.-B.C.); (S.-U.S.); (S.K.); (Y.-M.J.); (H.R.); (H.C.); (W.-G.K.)
| | - Won-Gyeong Kim
- Bio Team, Animal Industry Data Korea, Seoul 06152, Republic of Korea; (J.-B.C.); (S.-U.S.); (S.K.); (Y.-M.J.); (H.R.); (H.C.); (W.-G.K.)
| | - Joon-Seok Chae
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 FOUR Future Veterinary Medicine Leading Education and Research Centre, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyuk Song
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Technology, Konkuk Institute of Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jung-Won Kang
- Bio Team, Animal Industry Data Korea, Seoul 06152, Republic of Korea; (J.-B.C.); (S.-U.S.); (S.K.); (Y.-M.J.); (H.R.); (H.C.); (W.-G.K.)
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