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Ou D, Yan H, Chen Z. An impedance labeling free electrochemical aptamer sensor based on tetrahedral DNA nanostructures for doxorubicin determination. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:94. [PMID: 38217713 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06176-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Based on the electrochemical impedance method, a marker-free biosensor with aptamer as a biometric element was developed for the determination of doxorubicin (DOX). By combining aptamer with rigid tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs) and fixing them on the surface of gold electrode (GE) as biometric elements, the density and directivity of surface nanoprobes improved, and DOX was captured with high sensitivity and specificity. DOX was captured by immobilized aptamers on the GE, which inhibited electron transfer between the GE and [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- in solution, resulting in a change in electrochemical impedance. When the DOX concentration was between 10.0 and 100.0 nM, the aptasensor showed a linear relationship with charge transfer resistance, the relative standard deviation (RSD) ranged from 3.6 to 5.9%, and the detection limit (LOD) was 3.0 nM. This technique offered a successful performance for the determination of the target analyte in serum samples with recovery in the range 97.0 to 99.6% and RSD ranged from 4.8 to 6.5%. This method displayed the advantages of fast response speed, good selectivity, and simple sensor structure and showed potential application in therapeutic drug monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Ou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530007, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Huixian Yan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Guangxi Academy of Medical Science, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530016, China
| | - Zuanguang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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2
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Abstract
Label-free electrochemical biosensing leverages the advantages of label-free techniques, low cost, and fewer user steps, with the sensitivity and portability of electrochemical analysis. In this review, we identify four label-free electrochemical biosensing mechanisms: (a) blocking the electrode surface, (b) allowing greater access to the electrode surface, (c) changing the intercalation or electrostatic affinity of a redox probe to a biorecognition unit, and (d) modulating ion or electron transport properties due to conformational and surface charge changes. Each mechanism is described, recent advancements are summarized, and relative advantages and disadvantages of the techniques are discussed. Furthermore, two avenues for gaining further diagnostic information from label-free electrochemical biosensors, through multiplex analysis and incorporating machine learning, are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira L Rahn
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA;
| | - Umesha Peramune
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA;
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA;
| | - Robbyn K Anand
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA;
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3
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Liu J, Sun M, Li L, Chai Y, Kang Y, Yuan R. PEG-functionalized black phosphorus quantum dots as stable and biocompatible electrochemiluminescence luminophores for sensitive detection of tumor biomarker. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:228. [PMID: 37204518 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05768-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Despite black phosphorous (BP) QDs possess the merits of size-tunable band-gap, high electron mobility, and intrinsic defects, the spontaneous agglomeration and rapid oxidation of BP QDs in aqueous solution caused low electrochemiluminescence (ECL) efficiency and unstable ECL signal, which confined its further application of biological analysis. Herein, polyethylene glycol-functionalized BP QDs (PEG@BP QDs) were prepared showing an efficient and stable ECL response, which is attributed to the fact that PEG as protectant not only effectively prevented the spontaneous agglomeration, but also restrained the rapid oxidation of BP QDs in aqueous solution. As proof-of-concept, PEG@BP QDs were used as an efficient ECL emitter to combine with palindrome amplification-induced DNA walker to construct a sensitive ECL aptasensing platform for detecting cancer marker mucin 1 (MUC1). Interestingly, with the aid of positively charged thiolated PEG, the reaction rate of DNA walker on the electrode interface was clearly increased for the recovery of the ECL signal. The ECL aptasensor provides sensitive determination with the detection limit of 16.5 fg/mL. The proposed strategy paves a path for the development of efficient and stable ECL nanomaterials to construct biosensors for biosensing and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Liu
- Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy and Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Manfei Sun
- Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanxi Li
- Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqin Chai
- Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuejun Kang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Energy and Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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Wang Z, Gao N, Chen Z, Gao F, Wang Q. In-Situ Fabrication of Electroactive Cu 2+-Trithiocyanate Complex and Its Application for Label-Free Electrochemical Aptasensing of Thrombin. Biosensors (Basel) 2023; 13:bios13050532. [PMID: 37232893 DOI: 10.3390/bios13050532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of an electroactive matrix for the immobilization of the bioprobe shows great promise to construct the label-free biosensors. Herein, the electroactive metal-organic coordination polymer has been in-situ prepared by pre-assembly of a layer of trithiocynate (TCY) on a gold electrode (AuE) through Au-S bond, followed by repetitive soaking in Cu(NO3)2 solution and TCY solutions. Then the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and the thiolated thrombin aptamers were successively assembled on the electrode surface, and thus the electrochemical electroactive aptasensing layer for thrombin was achieved. The preparation process of the biosensor was characterized by an atomic force microscope (AFM), attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), and electrochemical methods. Electrochemical sensing assays showed that the formation of the aptamer-thrombin complex changed the microenvironment and the electro-conductivity of the electrode interface, causing the electrochemical signal suppression of the TCY-Cu2+ polymer. Additionally, the target thrombin can be label-free analyzed. Under optimal conditions, the aptasensor can detect thrombin in the concentration range from 1.0 fM to 1.0 μM, with a detection limit of 0.26 fM. The spiked recovery assay showed that the recovery of the thrombin in human serum samples was 97.2-103%, showing that the biosensor is feasible for biomolecule analysis in a complex sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehao Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Ningning Gao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Zhenmao Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Qingxiang Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Analytical Science and Separation Technology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
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5
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Fenoy GE, Hasler R, Lorenz C, Movilli J, Marmisollé WA, Azzaroni O, Huskens J, Bäuerle P, Knoll W. Interface Engineering of "Clickable" Organic Electrochemical Transistors toward Biosensing Devices. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:10885-10896. [PMID: 36791086 PMCID: PMC9982818 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
"Clickable" organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) allow the reliable and straightforward functionalization of electronic devices through the well-known click chemistry toolbox. In this work, we study various aspects of the click chemistry-based interface engineering of "clickable" OECTs. First, different channel architectures are investigated, showing that PEDOT-N3 films can properly work as a channel of the transistors. Furthermore, the Cu(I)-catalyzed click reaction of ethynyl-ferrocene is studied under different reaction conditions, endowing the spatial control of the functionalization. The strain-promoted and catalyst-free cycloaddition of a dibenzocyclooctyne-derivatized poly-l-lysine (PLL-DBCO) is also performed on the OECTs and validated by a fiber optic (FO)-SPR setup. The further immobilization of an azido-modified HD22 aptamer yields OECT-based biosensors that are employed for the recognition of thrombin. Finally, their performance is evaluated against previously reported architectures, showing higher density of the immobilized HD22 aptamer, and originating similar KD values and higher maximum signal change upon analyte recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo E. Fenoy
- AIT
Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas
(INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)—CONICET, 64 and 113, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Roger Hasler
- AIT
Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Christoph Lorenz
- Institute
for Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jacopo Movilli
- Department
of Molecules & Materials, MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science
and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, AE 7500 Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Waldemar A. Marmisollé
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas
(INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)—CONICET, 64 and 113, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Omar Azzaroni
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas
(INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)—CONICET, 64 and 113, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
- CEST-UNLP
Partner Lab for Bioelectronics (INIFTA), Diagonal 64 y 113, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Jurriaan Huskens
- Department
of Molecules & Materials, MESA+ Institute, Faculty of Science
and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, AE 7500 Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Bäuerle
- Institute
for Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Knoll
- AIT
Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz Strasse 24, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria
- Danube
Private
University, Steiner Landstrasse
124, 3500 Krems, Austria
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6
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Liu Z, Ma N, Yu S, Kong J, Zhang X. Hemin-catalyzed SI-RAFT polymerization for thrombin detection. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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7
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Zhang B, Ma W, Guo J, Zhao Q, Zhang C, Zhu S, Xu H, Yin Y. Dual signal amplification coupling with DNA-templated silver nanoclusters for sensitive and label-free detection of thrombin. J Anal Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s40543-023-00372-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractSensitive and reliable determination of thrombin is relevant in the realms of medical and biological research as it serves as an essential biomarker of a number of blood-related illnesses. Herein, we integrate allosteric probe-based specific identification of thrombin and dual signal amplification to present an unique fluorescent technique for label-free and sensitive thrombin detection. Based on DNA polymerase and endonuclease-assisted signal amplification, the method exhibits a high sensitivity with a low limit of detection of 2.3 pM, while maintaining an excellent selectivity and stability. More importantly, the approach is successfully applied in analyzing the effect of nalbuphine on coagulation function of mice. Overall, this approach possesses the advantages of high specificity and sensitivity in label-free detection of thrombin, which is promising in the diagnosis of blood-related diseases.
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Liao D, Liang G, Liu Y, Yan W, Guo Y, Liang W, Dong C, Fan L. Design an efficient photoelectrochemical aptasensor for PCB72 based on CdTe@CdS core@shell quantum dots-decorated TiO 2 nanotubes. J Hazard Mater 2023; 441:129901. [PMID: 36084454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, an efficient and novel photoelectrochemical (PEC) aptasensor for 2,3',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB72) was constructed based on CdTe@CdS core@shell quantum dots (CdTe@CdS QDs)-decorated TiO2 nanotubes (TiO2 NTs). CdTe@CdS QDs were prepared by the combination of CdTe and CdS with a proper lattice mismatch. Due to their large band offsets, core@shell QDs can reduce undesirable carrier recombination, significantly improving their charge separation efficiency. Then the synthesized CdTe@CdS QDs were modified on TiO2 NTs (CdTe@CdS QDs/TiO2 NTs) through electrostatic adsorption method. The as-prepared composites exhibit a wide visible light absorption range, good PEC activity and high photoelectric conversion efficiency. Also, the PEC aptasensor prepared via the immobilization of anti-PCB72 aptamer on the composites exhibits outstanding analytical performance with high sensitivity and specificity for PCB72 under visible-light irradiation, achieving a detection limit as low as 0.03 ng/L. It was also applied to detect PCB72 in four different real environmental samples with satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyun Liao
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Guifang Liang
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Yuyao Liu
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Wenjun Yan
- Analytical Instrumentation Center, Institute of Coal Chemistry, CAS, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
| | - Yujing Guo
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Wenting Liang
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Lifang Fan
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China.
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Amouzadeh Tabrizi M, Acedo P. An electrochemical membrane-based aptasensor for detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 receptor-binding domain. Appl Surf Sci 2022; 598:153867. [PMID: 35669218 PMCID: PMC9158412 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.153867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report an electrochemical membrane-based aptasensor for the determination of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (SARS-CoV-2-RBD). For this purpose, the nanoporous anodic aluminium oxide membrane (NPAOM) was first fabricated electrochemically. The NPAOM was then functionalized with 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane (NPAOM-Si-SH). After that, the NPAOM-Si-SH was decorated with gold nanoparticles by using gold ion and sodium borohydride. The NPAOM-Si-S-Aunano was then attached to the surface of the working electrode of a laser-engraved graphene electrode (LEGE). Subsequently, the LEGE/NPAOM-Si-S-Aunano was fixed inside a flow cell that was made by using a three-dimensional (3D) printer, and then thiolated aptamer was transferred into the flow cell using a pump. The electrochemical behavior of the LEGE/NPAOM-Si-S-Aunano-Aptamer was studied using square wave voltammetry (SWV) in the presence of potassium ferrocyanide as a redox probe. The response of the LEGE/NPAOM-Si-S-Aunano-Aptamer to the different concentrations of the SARS-CoV-2-RBD in human saliva sample was investigated in the concentration range of 2.5-40.0 ng/mL. The limit of the detection was found to be 0.8 ng/mL. The LEGE/NPAOM-Si-S-Aunano-Aptamer showed good selectivity to 5.0 ng/mL of SARS-CoV-2-RBD in the presence of five times of the interfering agents like hemagglutinin and neuraminidase as the influenza A virus major surface glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Acedo
- Electronic Technology Department, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganés, Spain
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Eivazzadeh-keihan R, Saadatidizaji Z, Maleki A, de la Guardia MDL, Mahdavi M, Barzegar S, Ahadian S. Recent Progresses in Development of Biosensors for Thrombin Detection. Biosensors 2022; 12:767. [PMID: 36140153 PMCID: PMC9496736 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Thrombin is a serine protease with an essential role in homeostasis and blood coagulation. During vascular injuries, thrombin is generated from prothrombin, a plasma protein, to polymerize fibrinogen molecules into fibrin filaments. Moreover, thrombin is a potent stimulant for platelet activation, which causes blood clots to prevent bleeding. The rapid and sensitive detection of thrombin is important in biological analysis and clinical diagnosis. Hence, various biosensors for thrombin measurement have been developed. Biosensors are devices that produce a quantifiable signal from biological interactions in proportion to the concentration of a target analyte. An aptasensor is a biosensor in which a DNA or RNA aptamer has been used as a biological recognition element and can identify target molecules with a high degree of sensitivity and affinity. Designed biosensors could provide effective methods for the highly selective and specific detection of thrombin. This review has attempted to provide an update of the various biosensors proposed in the literature, which have been designed for thrombin detection. According to their various transducers, the constructions and compositions, the performance, benefits, and restrictions of each are summarized and compared.
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