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Abu-Saleh N, Kuo CC, Jiang W, Levy R, Levy S. The molecular mechanism of CD81 antibody inhibition of metastasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2305042120. [PMID: 37339209 PMCID: PMC10293848 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2305042120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastases are reduced in CD81KO mice. In addition, a unique anti-CD81 antibody, 5A6, inhibits metastasis in vivo and invasion and migration in vitro. Here, we probed the structural components of CD81 required for the antimetastatic activity induced by 5A6. We found that the removal of either cholesterol or the intracellular domains of CD81 did not affect inhibition by the antibody. We show that the uniqueness of 5A6 is due not to increased affinity but rather to its recognition of a specific epitope on the large extracellular loop of CD81. Finally, we present a number of CD81 membrane-associated partners that may play a role in mediating the 5A6 antimetastatic attributes, including integrins and transferrin receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niroz Abu-Saleh
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Chiung-Chi Kuo
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Wei Jiang
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Ronald Levy
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Shoshana Levy
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA94305
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2
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Ding Y, Chen J, Li S, Wren JD, Bajpai AK, Wang J, Tanaka T, Rice HC, Hays FA, Lu L, Zhang XA. EWI2 and its relatives in Tetraspanin-enriched membrane domains regulate malignancy. Oncogene 2023; 42:861-868. [PMID: 36788350 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02623-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Experimental studies on immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) member EWI2 reveal that it suppresses a variety of solid malignant tumors including brain, lung, skin, and prostate cancers in animal models and inhibits tumor cell movement and growth in vitro. While EWI2 appears to support myeloid leukemia in mouse models and maintain leukemia stem cells. Bioinformatics analyses suggest that EWI2 gene expression is downregulated in glioblastoma but upregulated in melanoma, pancreatic cancer, and liver cancer. The mechanism of action for EWI2 is linked to its inhibition of growth factor receptors and cell adhesion proteins through its associated tetraspanin-enriched membrane domains (TEMDs), by altering the cell surface clustering and endolysosome trafficking/turnover of these transmembrane proteins. Recent studies also show that EWI2 modulates the nuclear translocation of ERK and TFEB to change the activities of these gene expression regulators. For EWI2 relatives including FPRP, IgSF3, and CD101, although their roles in malignant diseases are not fully clear and remain to be determined experimentally, FPRP and IgSF3 likely promote the progression of solid malignant tumors while CD101 seems to modulate immune cells of tumor microenvironment. Distinctive from other tumor regulators, the impacts of EWI subfamily members on solid malignant tumors are likely to be context dependent. In other words, the effect of a given EWI subfamily member on a tumor probably depends on the molecular network and composition of TEMDs in that tumor. Collectively, EWI2 and its relatives are emerged as important regulators of malignant diseases with promising potentials to become anti-cancer therapeutics and cancer therapy targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Ding
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Junxiong Chen
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Shuping Li
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Jonathan D Wren
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | - Jie Wang
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Takemi Tanaka
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Heather C Rice
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Franklin A Hays
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Lu Lu
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Xin A Zhang
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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3
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Kang Z, Luo Y, Xiao E, Li Q, Wang L. CD151 and prostate cancer progression: A review of current literature. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Kang
- Department of RadiologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology WuhanChina
| | - Yanping Luo
- Department of Immunology School of Basic Medical Sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Enhua Xiao
- Department of Radiology The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China
| | - Qiubai Li
- Department of Radiology University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center Cleveland Ohio USA
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of RadiologyTongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology WuhanChina
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Mucke HA. Patent Highlights February-March 2022. Pharm Pat Anal 2022. [PMID: 35861060 DOI: 10.4155/ppa-2022-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A snapshot of noteworthy recent developments in the patent literature of relevance to pharmaceutical and medical research and development.
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Fu C, Wang J, Pallikkuth S, Ding Y, Chen J, Wren JD, Yang Y, Wong KK, Kameyama H, Jayaraman M, Munshi A, Tanaka T, Lidke KA, Zhang XA. EWI2 prevents EGFR from clustering and endocytosis to reduce tumor cell movement and proliferation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:389. [PMID: 35773608 PMCID: PMC10428948 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04417-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
EWI2 is a transmembrane immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) protein that physically associates with tetraspanins and integrins. It inhibits cancer cells by influencing the interactions among membrane molecules including the tetraspanins and integrins. The present study revealed that, upon EWI2 silencing or ablation, the elevated movement and proliferation of cancer cells in vitro and increased cancer metastatic potential and malignancy in vivo are associated with (i) increases in clustering, endocytosis, and then activation of EGFR and (ii) enhancement of Erk MAP kinase signaling. These changes in signaling make cancer cells (i) undergo partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) for more tumor progression and (ii) proliferate faster for better tumor formation. Inhibition of EGFR or Erk kinase can abrogate the cancer cell phenotypes resulting from EWI2 removal. Thus, to inhibit cancer cells, EWI2 prevents EGFR from clustering and endocytosis to restrain its activation and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenying Fu
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Jie Wang
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | | | - Yingjun Ding
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Junxiong Chen
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | | | - Yuchao Yang
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | | | | | | | - Anupama Munshi
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | - Takemi Tanaka
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA
| | | | - Xin A Zhang
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA.
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Grzanka M, Stachurska-Skrodzka A, Adamiok-Ostrowska A, Gajda E, Czarnocka B. Extracellular Vesicles as Signal Carriers in Malignant Thyroid Tumors? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063262. [PMID: 35328683 PMCID: PMC8955189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small, membranous structures involved in intercellular communication. Here, we analyzed the effects of thyroid cancer-derived EVs on the properties of normal thyroid cells and cells contributing to the tumor microenvironment. EVs isolated from thyroid cancer cell lines (CGTH, FTC-133, 8505c, TPC-1 and BcPAP) were used for treatment of normal thyroid cells (NTHY), as well as monocytes and endothelial cells (HUVEC). EVs' size/number were analyzed by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Gene expression, protein level and localization were investigated by qRT-PCR, WB and ICC/IF, respectively. Proliferation, migration and tube formation were analyzed. When compared with NTHY, CGTH and BcPAP secreted significantly more EVs. Treatment of NTHY with cancer-derived EVs changed the expression of tetraspanin genes, but did not affect proliferation and migration. Cancer-derived EVs suppressed tube formation by endothelial cells and did not affect the phagocytic index of monocytes. The number of 6 μm size fraction of cancer-derived EVs correlated negatively with the CD63 and CD81 expression in NTHY cells, as well as positively with angiogenesis in vitro. Thyroid cancer-derived EVs can affect the expression of tetraspanins in normal thyroid cells. It is possible that 6 μm EVs contribute to the regulation of NTHY gene expression and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Grzanka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (A.A.-O.); (E.G.)
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (B.C.)
| | - Anna Stachurska-Skrodzka
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Adamiok-Ostrowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (A.A.-O.); (E.G.)
| | - Ewa Gajda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (A.A.-O.); (E.G.)
| | - Barbara Czarnocka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (A.A.-O.); (E.G.)
- Correspondence: (M.G.); (B.C.)
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Shao S, Piao L, Wang J, Guo L, Wang J, Wang L, Tong L, Yuan X, Han X, Fang S, Zhu J, Wang Y. Tspan9 Induces EMT and Promotes Osteosarcoma Metastasis via Activating FAK-Ras-ERK1/2 Pathway. Front Oncol 2022; 12:774988. [PMID: 35280793 PMCID: PMC8906905 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.774988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Object At present, there are few effective treatment options available to patients suffering from osteosarcoma (OS). Clarifying the signaling pathways that govern OS oncogenesis may highlight novel approaches to treating this deadly form of cancer. Recent experimental evidence suggests that the transmembrane protein tetraspanin-9 (Tspan9) plays a role in tumor development. This study was thus formulated to assess the molecular role of Tspan9 as a regulator of OS cell metastasis. Methods Gene expression in OS cell lines was evaluated via qRT-PCR, while CCK-8, colony formation, Transwell, and wound healing assays were used to explore the in vitro proliferative, invasive, and migratory activities of OS cells. The relationship between Tspan9 and in vivo OS cell metastasis was assessed by injecting these cells into the tail vein of nude mice. Interactions between the Tspan9 and integrin β1 proteins were explored through mass spectrometric and co-immunoprecipitation, and Western blotting to assess the functional mechanisms whereby Tspan9 shapes OS pathogenesis. Results Both primary OS tumors and OS cell lines commonly exhibited Tspan9 upregulation, and the knockdown of this tetraspanin suppressed the migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) activity in OS cells, whereas Tspan9 overexpression resulted in opposite phenotypes. Tumor lung metastasis were significantly impaired in mice implanted with HOS cells in which Tspan9 was downregulated as compared to mice implanted with control HOS cells. Tspan9 was also found to interact with β1 integrin and to contribute to OS metastasis via the amplification of integrin-mediated downstream FAK/Ras/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Conclusion These data suggest that Tspan9 can serve as a promising therapeutic target in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Lianhua Piao
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China
| | - Jiangsong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Liwei Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Luhui Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Lei Tong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Sheng Fang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Junke Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yimin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
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Marni R, Chakraborty A, Malla R. Oncogenic tetraspanins: Implications for metastasis, drug resistance, cancer stem cell maintenance and diagnosis of leading cancers in females. Gene Reports 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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