Synthesis, Spectroscopic, and Theoretical Study of Copper and Cobalt Complexes with Dacarbazine

An overview of imidazole and its analogues as potent anticancer agents

The quest for novel, physiologically active imidazoles remains an exciting topic of research among medicinal chemists. The imidazole ring is a five-membered aromatic heterocycle that is found in both natural and synthesized compounds. Multiple anticancer drug classes are currently available on the market, but concerns including toxicity, limited efficacy and solubility have lowered the overall therapeutic index. Therefore, the hunt for new potential chemotherapeutic agents persists. The development of imidazole as a reliable and safer alternative to anticancer treatment is generating much attention among experts. Tubulin or microtubule polymerization inhibition and changes in the structure and function of DNA, VEGF, topoisomerase, kinases, histone deacetylases and certain other proteins that affect gene expression are among the putative targets.

Tweaking the conjugation effects on a pair of new triazene compounds by targeted deprotonation: a spectroscopic and theoretical overview

CONTEXT

Triazene compounds (-NNN(H)-) exhibit versatility in biological, physical, and chemical applications. In their anionic form (-NNN-)(-), they can act as coordinating sites for metals, forming metallic complexes. In this study, two new isomeric triazene compounds with meta- and para-substituents in their neutral and anionic forms were investigated. A combination of detailed experimental spectroscopic characterization and computational chemistry analyses were employed. The new compounds, 1-(2-benzamide)-3-(3-nitrophenyl) triazene (m-TZN) and 1-(2-benzamide)-3-(4-nitrophenyl) triazene (p-TZN), were compared to 1,3-diphenyltriazene (dph-TZN) to understand the effects of functionalization and targeted triazene deprotonation. The anionic forms are stable, and our investigation suggests that these new compounds are suitable tridentate ligands that can act as chelating agents for metallic cations in stable complexes, similar to those found in vitamin B12.

METHODS

The absorption, vibrational, and electronic properties of the newly synthesized triazene compounds were extensively characterized using FT-IR/FT-Raman and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Their distinct molecular properties, intramolecular hydrogen bond effects, stability, and electronic transitions were investigated using the ORCA software. These analyses involved DFT and TD-DFT calculations at the ωB97X-D3/Def2-TZVP level of theory with THF CPCM implicit solvation to determine the molecular topology and electronic structure. The advanced STEOM-DLPNO-CCSD method for excited states was employed, enabling an in-depth analysis of ground and excited-state chemistry, accounting for precise electronic correlation and solvation effects. Explicit THF solvation was tested on the full TD-DFT ωB97X-D3/Def2-TZVP level and using ONIOM on the STEOM calculation. Reactivity was studied using Fukui functions, and action as chelating agents was investigated using GFN-xTB2 and DFT.

Theoretical analysis of OLED performances of some aromatic nitrogen-containing ligands

It is well-known that tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3) complex and N,N'diphenyl-N,N'-bis(3-methylphenyl)-1,1'-diphenyl-4,4'-diamine compound (TPD) are widely used as electron transfer material (ETL) and hole transfer material (HTL) in organic light emitting diode (OLED) structure, respectively. Considering the reference materials, in the present work, the OLED performances of some cyclic aromatic structures such as 4,4'azopyridine [AZPY], 4,4'-bipyridine [BIPY], 1,2-bis[4'-(4-methylphenyl)2,2':6'2″-terpyridin6-yl]ethyne (BISTERPY), 5,5'-diamino-2,2'-bipyridine (DABP), dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'c]phenazine (DPP), 4,7-phenanthroline (PHEN) including nitrogen atom have been theoretically analyzed. It is important to note that B3LYP/6-31G(d) and B3LYP/TZP levels of the theory were taken into account for the calculations about monomeric and dimeric structures, respectively. Additionally, the calculations of the mentioned monomeric form were performed at B3LYP-D3/6-31G, CAM-B3LYP/6-31G and ωB97X-D/6-31G(d) levels. For a detailed theoretical analysis, the reorganization energies (λe and λh), adiabatic and vertical ionization potentials and electron affinities, the effective transfer integrals (Ve and Vh), and the charge transfer rates (We and Wh) of all compounds were computed by means of computational chemistry tools. In the light of calculated parameters, it is determined that these mentioned aromatic cyclic structures will be used in which layers of OLED structure. The results obtained in this study will be helpful in the design and applications of new molecules as OLED materials in the future.

Spectroscopic, Thermal, Microbiological, and Antioxidant Study of Alkali Metal 2-Hydroxyphenylacetates

The structural, spectral, thermal, and biological properties of hydroxyphenylacetic acid and lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium 2-hydroxyphenylacetates were analyzed by means of infrared spectroscopy FT-IR, electronic absorption spectroscopy UV-VIS, nuclear magnetic resonance ¹H and ¹³C NMR, thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DSC), and quantum-chemical calculations at B3LYP/6-311++G** level. Moreover, the antioxidant (ABTS, FRAP, and CUPRAC assays), antibacterial (against E. coli, K. aerogenes, P. fluorescens, and B. subtilis) and antifungal (against C. albicans) properties of studied compounds were measured. The effect of alkali metal ions on the structure, thermal, and biological properties of 2-hydroxyphenylacetates was discussed.