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Dumur F. Recent Advances in Monocomponent Visible Light Photoinitiating Systems Based on Sulfonium Salts. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4202. [PMID: 37959882 PMCID: PMC10649563 DOI: 10.3390/polym15214202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last decades, multicomponent photoinitiating systems have been the focus of intense research efforts, especially for the design of visible light photoinitiating systems. Although highly reactive three-component and even four-component photoinitiating systems have been designed, the complexity to elaborate such mixtures has incited researchers to design monocomponent Type II photoinitiators. Using this approach, the photosensitizer and the radical/cation generator can be combined within a unique molecule, greatly simplifying the elaboration of the photocurable resins. In this field, sulfonium salts are remarkable photoinitiators but these structures lack absorption in the visible range. Over the years, various structural modifications have been carried out in order to redshift their absorptions in the visible region. In this work, an overview of the different sulfonium salts activable under visible light and reported to date is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Dumur
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, F-13397 Marseille, France
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Dumur F. Recent advances on water-soluble photoinitiators of polymerization. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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Dumur F. Recent Advances on Photoinitiating Systems Designed for Solar Photocrosslinking Polymerization Reactions. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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Dumur F. Recent Advances on Anthraquinone-based Photoinitiators of Polymerization. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.112039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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Dumur F. Recent Advances on Furan-Based Visible Light Photoinitiators of Polymerization. Catalysts 2023; 13:493. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Photopolymerization is an active research field enabling to polymerize in greener conditions than that performed with traditional thermal polymerization. At present, a great deal of effort is devoted to developing visible light photoinitiating systems. Indeed, the traditional UV photoinitiating systems are currently the focus of numerous safety concerns so alternatives to UV light are being actively researched. However, visible light photons are less energetic than UV photons so the reactivity of the photoinitiating systems should be improved to address this issue. In this field, furane constitutes an interesting candidate for the design of photocatalysts of polymerization due to its low cost and its easy chemical modification. In this review, an overview concerning the design of furane-based photoinitiators is provided. Comparisons with reference systems are also established to demonstrate evidence of the interest of these photoinitiators in innovative structures.
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Dumur F. Recent Advances on Photobleachable Visible Light Photoinitiators of Polymerization. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Böhme T, Egeland M, Lorentzen M, Mady MF, Solbakk MF, Sæbø KS, Jørgensen KB. Regiospecific Photochemical Synthesis of Methylchrysenes. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010237. [PMID: 36615430 PMCID: PMC9822284 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Methylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are suspected to be some of the toxic compounds in crude oil towards marine life and are needed as single compounds for environmental studies. 1-, 3- and 6-methylchrysene (3a,b,c) were prepared as single isomers by photochemical cyclization of the corresponding stilbenoids in the Mallory reaction using stoichiometric amounts of iodine in 82-88% yield. 2-methylchrysene (3d) was prepared by photochemical cyclization where the regioselectivity was controlled by elimination of an ortho-methoxy group under acidic oxygen free conditions in 72% yield. These conditions failed to form 4-methylchrysene from the corresponding stilbenoid. All stilbenoids were made from a common naphthyl Wittig salt and suitably substituted benzaldehydes. We have also demonstrated that methylchrysenes can be oxidized to the corresponding chrysenecarboxylic acids by KMnO4 in modest yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Böhme
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, P.O. Box 8600, N-4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Mari Egeland
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, P.O. Box 8600, N-4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Marianne Lorentzen
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, P.O. Box 8600, N-4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Mohamed F. Mady
- Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Michelle F. Solbakk
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, P.O. Box 8600, N-4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Krister S. Sæbø
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, P.O. Box 8600, N-4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Kåre B. Jørgensen
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, P.O. Box 8600, N-4036 Stavanger, Norway
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +47-51-83-23-06
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Dumur F. Recent advances on benzylidene cyclopentanones as visible light photoinitiators of polymerization. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hammoud F, Hijazi A, Ibrahim-Ouali M, Lalevée J, Dumur F. Chemical engineering around the 5,12-dihydroindolo[3,2-a]carbazole scaffold : Fine tuning of the optical properties of visible light photoinitiators of polymerization. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hammoud F, Hijazi A, Duval S, Lalevée J, Dumur F. 5,12-Dihydroindolo[3,2-a]carbazole: A promising scaffold for the design of visible light photoinitiators of polymerization. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Balcerak A, Kabatc J. Recent progress in the development of highly active dyeing photoinitiators based on 1,3-bis(p-substituted phenylamino)squaraines for radical polymerization of acrylates. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01519b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The photopolymerization is a very popular technique used in the production of various polymeric materials. The key role in the light induced polymerization processes plays a photoinitiator. One of the...
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Kowalczyk A, Weisbrodt M, Schmidt B, Kraśkiewicz A. The Effect of Type-I Photoinitiators on the Kinetics of the UV-Induced Cotelomerization Process of Acrylate Monomers and Properties of Obtained Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:4563. [PMID: 34443085 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
A new method of solvent-free acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) based on UV-induced cotelomerization products was presented. The key acrylic monomers (i.e., n-butyl acrylate and acrylic acid) with copolymerizable photoinitiator 4-acrylooxybenzophenone in the presence of a selected chain transfer agent (tetrabromomethane, TBM) were used in the UV-cotelomerization process. Moreover, two kinds of UV-photoinitiators (α-hydroxyalkylphenones, HPs and acylphosphine oxides, APOs) were tested. Photo-DSC, viscosity, thermogravimetric, and GPC measurements for cotelomers were performed. The kinetics study revealed that the systems with APOs, especially Omnirad 819 and Omnirad TPO, were characterized by a much higher reaction rate and greater initiation efficiency than HPs systems were. Additionally, the APO-based syrups exhibited a higher solid content (ca. 60–96 wt%), a higher dynamic viscosity (5–185 Pa·s), but slightly lower molecular weights (Mn and Mw) compared to HP syrups. However, better self-adhesive features (i.e., adhesion and tack) were observed for PSAs based on cotelomers syrups obtained using APOs with lower solid contents (55–80 wt%). It was found that as the solids content (i.e., monomers conversion) increased the adhesion, the tack and glass transition temperature decreased and the type and amount of photoinitiator had no effect on polydispersity. Most of the obtained PSAs were characterized by excellent cohesion, both at 20 °C and 70 °C.
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Kiliclar HC, Altinkok C, Yilmaz G, Yagci Y. Visible light induced step-growth polymerization by electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5398-5401. [PMID: 33942841 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01444g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel visible light induced step-growth polymerization to form poly(phenylene methylene) by electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions is described. The effect of different nucleophilic aromatic molecules on polymerization has been investigated. The possibility of combining step-growth polymerization with conventional free radical and free radical promoted cationic polymerizations through photoinduced chain-end activation has been demonstrated. Highly fluorescent fibers of the resulting block copolymers were obtained using the electrospinning technique. The versatile photoinduced step-growth polymerization process reported herein paves the way for a new generation of polycondensates and their combination with chain polymers that cannot be obtained by conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Cem Kiliclar
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey.
| | - Cagatay Altinkok
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey.
| | - Gorkem Yilmaz
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey.
| | - Yusuf Yagci
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemistry, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey.
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Giacoletto N, Dumur F. Recent Advances in bis-Chalcone-Based Photoinitiators of Polymerization: From Mechanistic Investigations to Applications. Molecules 2021; 26:3192. [PMID: 34073491 PMCID: PMC8199041 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past several decades, photopolymerization has become an active research field, and the ongoing efforts to develop new photoinitiating systems are supported by the different applications in which this polymerization technique is involved-including dentistry, 3D and 4D printing, adhesives, and laser writing. In the search for new structures, bis-chalcones that combine two chalcones' moieties within a unique structure were determined as being promising photosensitizers to initiate both the free-radical polymerization of acrylates and the cationic polymerization of epoxides. In this review, an overview of the different bis-chalcones reported to date is provided. Parallel to the mechanistic investigations aiming at elucidating the polymerization mechanisms, bis-chalcones-based photoinitiating systems were used for different applications, which are detailed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frédéric Dumur
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, F-13397 Marseille, France
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Pigot C, Noirbent G, Bui TT, Péralta S, Duval S, Gigmes D, Nechab M, Dumur F. Synthesis, and the optical and electrochemical properties of a series of push–pull dyes based on the 4-(9-ethyl-9 H-carbazol-3-yl)-4-phenylbuta-1,3-dienyl donor. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00275a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A series of twelve dyes based on the 4-(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-4-phenylbuta-1,3-dienyl donor were prepared with electron acceptors varying in their structures but also in their electron-withdrawing ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Pigot
- Aix Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- ICR UMR7273
- F-13397 Marseille
- France
| | | | | | | | - Sylvain Duval
- Université de Lille
- CNRS
- Centrale Lille
- ENSCL
- Univ. Artois
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- ICR UMR7273
- F-13397 Marseille
- France
| | - Malek Nechab
- Aix Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- ICR UMR7273
- F-13397 Marseille
- France
| | - Frédéric Dumur
- Aix Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- ICR UMR7273
- F-13397 Marseille
- France
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Le HT, Saleah R, Kungwan N, Nghiem M, Goubard F, Bui T. Synthesis, Thermal, Optical and Electrochemical Properties of Acridone and Thioxanthone Based Push‐Pull Molecules. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huong T. Le
- CY Cergy Paris Université, LPPI F-95000 Cergy France
| | - Rusrina Saleah
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
| | - Nawee Kungwan
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand
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Kaufmann M, Müller C, Cullen AA, Brandon MP, Dietzek B, Pryce MT. Photophysics of Ruthenium(II) Complexes with Thiazole π-Extended Dipyridophenazine Ligands. Inorg Chem 2020; 60:760-773. [PMID: 33356204 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Transition-metal-based donor-acceptor systems can produce long-lived excited charge-transfer states by visible-light irradiation. The novel ruthenium(II) polypyridyl type complexes Ru1 and Ru2 based on the dipyridophenazine ligand (L0) directly linked to 4-hydroxythiazoles of different donor strengths were synthesized and photophysically characterized. The excited-state dynamics were investigated by femtosecond-to-nanosecond transient absorption and nanosecond emission spectroscopy complemented by time-dependent density functional theory calculations. These results indicate that photoexcitation in the visible region leads to the population of both metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (1MLCT) and thiazole (tz)-induced intraligand charge-transfer (1ILCT) states. Thus, the excited-state dynamics is described by two excited-state branches, namely, the population of (i) a comparably short-lived phenazine-centered 3MLCT state (τ ≈ 150-400 ps) and (ii) a long-lived 3ILCT state (τ ≈ 40-300 ns) with excess charge density localized on the phenazine and tz moieties. Notably, the ruthenium(II) complexes feature long-lived dual emission with lifetimes in the ranges τEm,1 ≈ 40-300 ns and τEm,2 ≈ 100-200 ns, which are attributed to emission from the 3ILCT and 3MLCT manifolds, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kaufmann
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Carolin Müller
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07743, Germany.,Research Department Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, Jena 07745, Germany
| | - Aoibhin A Cullen
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Michael P Brandon
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Benjamin Dietzek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07743, Germany.,Research Department Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, Jena 07745, Germany.,Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstraße 8, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Mary T Pryce
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
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Malik MS, Schlögl S, Wolfahrt M, Sangermano M. Review on UV-Induced Cationic Frontal Polymerization of Epoxy Monomers. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12092146. [PMID: 32962306 PMCID: PMC7570253 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV)-induced cationic frontal polymerization has emerged as a novel technique that allows rapid curing of various epoxy monomers upon UV irradiation within a few seconds. In the presence of a diaryliodonium salt photoinitiator together with a thermal radical initiator, the cationic ring opening polymerization of an epoxide monomer is auto-accelerated in the form of a self-propagating front upon UV irradiation. This hot propagating front generates the required enthalpy to sustain curing reaction throughout the resin formulation without further need for UV irradiation. This unique reaction pathway makes the cationic frontal polymerization a promising route towards the efficient curing of epoxy-based thermosetting resins and related composite structures. This review represents a comprehensive overview of the mechanism and progress of UV-induced cationic frontal polymerization of epoxy monomers that have been reported so far in literature. At the same time, this review covers important aspects on the frontal polymerization of various epoxide monomers involving the chemistry of the initiators, the effect of appropriate sensitizers, diluents and fillers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Salman Malik
- Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH, Rossegerstrasse 12, 8700 Leoben, Austria; (M.S.M.); (S.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Sandra Schlögl
- Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH, Rossegerstrasse 12, 8700 Leoben, Austria; (M.S.M.); (S.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Markus Wolfahrt
- Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH, Rossegerstrasse 12, 8700 Leoben, Austria; (M.S.M.); (S.S.); (M.W.)
| | - Marco Sangermano
- Dipartimento di Scienza Applicata e Tecnologia, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, I-10129 Torino, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Hola E, Pilch M, Ortyl J. Thioxanthone Derivatives as a New Class of Organic Photocatalysts for Photopolymerisation Processes and the 3D Printing of Photocurable Resins under Visible Light. Catalysts 2020; 10:903. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10080903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present paper, novel thioxanthone-based compounds were synthesised and evaluated as a component of photoredox catalysts/photoinitiating systems for the free-radical polymerisation (FRP) of acrylates and the ring-opening cationic polymerisation (CP) of epoxy monomers. The performance of the obtained thioxanthones in two- and three-component photoinitiating systems, in combination with amines, iodonium or sulphonium salt, as well as with alkyl halide, for photopolymerisation processes upon exposure to light emitting diodes (LEDs) with a maximum emission of 405 nm and 420 nm, was investigated. The studied compounds act also as one-component free-radical photoinitiators. Fourier transform real-time infrared spectroscopy was used to monitor the kinetics of disappearance of the functional groups of the monomers during photoinitiated polymerisation. Excellent photoinitiating efficiency and high final conversions of functional groups were observed. Moreover, the influence of thioxanthone skeleton substitution on photoinitiating efficiency was discussed. The photochemical mechanism was also investigated through cyclic voltammetry. It was discovered that thioxanthone derivatives can be used as a metal-free photoredox catalyst active for both oxidative and reductive cycles. Furthermore, a photopolymerizable system based on novel thioxanthone derivatives in a stereolithography three-dimensional (3D) printing technology under visible sources of light was used. The effects of photoinitiator type system and monomer type in photoresins during 3D printing processes were explored. The outcome of this research is the development of high-performance visible photosensitive resins with improved photosensitivity obtained thanks to the development of entirely novel photoinitiating systems specifically adapted for this application.
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Magaldi D, Ulfa M, Péralta S, Goubard F, Pauporté T, Bui T. Carbazole Electroactive Amorphous Molecular Material: Molecular Design, Synthesis, Characterization and Application in Perovskite Solar Cells. Energies 2020; 13:2897. [DOI: 10.3390/en13112897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In perovskite photovoltaics (PSCs), the role of the hole transporting material (HTM) is highly important as it significantly influents to the global device’s performance and stability. Hole transporter ensures the extraction of hole at the perovskite/HTM interface and transport it towards the cathode. Thus, accurate molecular design affording to efficient and cost-effective HTM is of major interest. Small molecules having glass forming property is an attractive class as it can form morphologically stable thin film. Herein, a carbazole molecular glass bearing a polymerizable function was designed and synthetized. Its characteristics are suitable for application as HTM in PSCs. The preliminary photovoltaic application lead to device efficiency of 14–15% depending on the chemical composition of the perovskite employed. These promising results open the way to design new alternative molecular and polymeric HTMs suitable for solution processed hybrid solar cells.
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Dietlin C, Trinh TT, Schweizer S, Graff B, Morlet-Savary F, Noirot PA, Lalevée J. New Phosphine Oxides as High Performance Near- UV Type I Photoinitiators of Radical Polymerization. Molecules 2020; 25:E1671. [PMID: 32260383 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbazole structures are of high interest in photopolymerization due to their enhanced light absorption properties in the near-UV or even visible ranges. Therefore, type I photoinitiators combining the carbazole chromophore to the well-established phosphine-oxides were proposed and studied in this article. The aim of this article was to propose type I photoinitiators that can be more reactive than benchmark phosphine oxides, which are among the more reactive type I photoinitiators for a UV or near-UV light emitting diodes (LED) irradiation. Two molecules were synthesized and their UV-visible light absorption properties as well as the quantum yields of photolysis and photopolymerization performances were measured. Remarkably, the associated absorption was enhanced in the 350-410 nm range compared to benchmark phosphine oxides, and one compound was found to be more reactive in photopolymerization than the commercial photoinitiator TPO-L for an irradiation at 395 nm.
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Sun K, Xu Y, Dumur F, Morlet-Savary F, Chen H, Dietlin C, Graff B, Lalevée J, Xiao P. In silico rational design by molecular modeling of new ketones as photoinitiators in three-component photoinitiating systems: application in 3D printing. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01874c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
New photoinitiators for 3D printing were in silico developed by molecular modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Sun
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse
- IS2M-UMR CNRS 7361
- Cedex 68057 Mulhouse
- France
| | - Yangyang Xu
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse
- IS2M-UMR CNRS 7361
- Cedex 68057 Mulhouse
- France
| | - Frédéric Dumur
- Aix Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- ICR UMR 7273
- F-13397 Marseille
- France
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse
- IS2M-UMR CNRS 7361
- Cedex 68057 Mulhouse
- France
| | - Hong Chen
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse
- IS2M-UMR CNRS 7361
- Cedex 68057 Mulhouse
- France
| | - Céline Dietlin
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse
- IS2M-UMR CNRS 7361
- Cedex 68057 Mulhouse
- France
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse
- IS2M-UMR CNRS 7361
- Cedex 68057 Mulhouse
- France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse
- IS2M-UMR CNRS 7361
- Cedex 68057 Mulhouse
- France
| | - Pu Xiao
- Research School of Chemistry
- Australian National University
- Canberra
- Australia
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41
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Chen H, Noirbent G, Zhang Y, Brunel D, Gigmes D, Morlet-Savary F, Graff B, Xiao P, Dumur F, Lalevée J. Novel D–π-A and A–π-D–π-A three-component photoinitiating systems based on carbazole/triphenylamino based chalcones and application in 3D and 4D printing. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01197e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of carbazole or triphenylamine based mono-chalcones, displaying either D–π-A or A–π-D–π-A architecture have been designed as photoinitiators for 3D and 4D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Université de Haute-Alsace
- CNRS
- IS2M UMR 7361
- F-68100 Mulhouse
- France
| | | | - Yijun Zhang
- Université de Haute-Alsace
- CNRS
- IS2M UMR 7361
- F-68100 Mulhouse
- France
| | - Damien Brunel
- Aix Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- ICR UMR 7273
- F-13397 Marseille
- France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- ICR UMR 7273
- F-13397 Marseille
- France
| | | | - Bernadette Graff
- Université de Haute-Alsace
- CNRS
- IS2M UMR 7361
- F-68100 Mulhouse
- France
| | - Pu Xiao
- Research School of Chemistry
- Australian National University
- Camberra
- Australia
| | - Frédéric Dumur
- Aix Marseille Univ
- CNRS
- ICR UMR 7273
- F-13397 Marseille
- France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Université de Haute-Alsace
- CNRS
- IS2M UMR 7361
- F-68100 Mulhouse
- France
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42
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Hola E, Ortyl J, Jankowska M, Pilch M, Galek M, Morlet-Savary F, Graff B, Dietlin C, Lalevée J. New bimolecular photoinitiating systems based on terphenyl derivatives as highly efficient photosensitizers for 3D printing application. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01551e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
New 2-(diethylamino)-4,6-diphenyl-benzene-1,3-dicarbonitrile derivatives were proposed as photoinitiators in conjunction with iodonium salts for: (i) the cationic polymerization, (ii) the free-radical polymerization, and (iii) the synthesis of IPNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Hola
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Cracow University of Technology
- 31-155 Cracow
- Poland
| | - Joanna Ortyl
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Cracow University of Technology
- 31-155 Cracow
- Poland
| | - Magdalena Jankowska
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Cracow University of Technology
- 31-155 Cracow
- Poland
| | - Maciej Pilch
- Department of Biotechnology and Physical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Cracow University of Technology
- 31-155 Cracow
- Poland
| | | | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M
- UMR CNRS 7361
- UHA
- Cedex 68057 Mulhouse
- France
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M
- UMR CNRS 7361
- UHA
- Cedex 68057 Mulhouse
- France
| | - Céline Dietlin
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M
- UMR CNRS 7361
- UHA
- Cedex 68057 Mulhouse
- France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M
- UMR CNRS 7361
- UHA
- Cedex 68057 Mulhouse
- France
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43
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Muthukumar V, Munusamy S, Thirumoorthy K, Sawminathan S, KulathuIyer S. Fused pyrazole-phenanthridine based dyads: synthesis, photo-physical and theoretical studies, and live cell pH imaging. RSC Adv 2019; 9:38687-38696. [PMID: 35540211 PMCID: PMC9075940 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra07860f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The arrangement of small sized molecules with a scaffold structure plays an active role in the fields of sensors and health care. An efficient molecular design strategy for four pyrazole-phenanthridine based D-π-A luminophores, denoted as 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d was developed to investigate the effect of acid on the photo-physical properties of these dyes. Photo-physical studies of the synthesized probes showed distinct absorption and emission under various pH conditions. Theoretical calculations using density functional methods were carried out for understanding the mechanistic aspects of the proton induced fluorescence. The experimentally observed photo-physical properties correlated well with theoretical results. Moreover, probes 2 and 2a can be used to monitor the fluorescence changes in E. coli cells under different pH conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesan Muthukumar
- Chemistry Department, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology University Vellore-632014 Tamil Nadu India
| | | | - Krishnan Thirumoorthy
- Chemistry Department, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology University Vellore-632014 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Sathish Sawminathan
- Chemistry Department, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology University Vellore-632014 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Sathiyanarayanan KulathuIyer
- Chemistry Department, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology University Vellore-632014 Tamil Nadu India
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Jia X, Han W, Xue T, Zhao D, Li X, Nie J, Wang T. Diphenyl sulfone-based A–π-D–π-A dyes as efficient initiators for one-photon and two-photon initiated polymerization. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01778f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Diphenyl sulfone-based symmetrical A–π-D–π-A dyes as efficient initiators for one-photon and two-photon initiated polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Jia
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- College of Science
- Beijing University of Chemistry Technology
- Beijing
- People's Republic of China
| | - Weixiang Han
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- College of Science
- Beijing University of Chemistry Technology
- Beijing
- People's Republic of China
| | - Tanlong Xue
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- College of Science
- Beijing University of Chemistry Technology
- Beijing
- People's Republic of China
| | - Di Zhao
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- College of Science
- Beijing University of Chemistry Technology
- Beijing
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuyan Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology
- Beijing
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Nie
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- College of Science
- Beijing University of Chemistry Technology
- Beijing
- People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- College of Science
- Beijing University of Chemistry Technology
- Beijing
- People's Republic of China
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Ramírez CL, Mangione MI, Bertolotti SG, Arbeloa EM, Parise AR. A photophysical and spectroelectrochemical study on N-phenyl-carbazoles and their oxidized species. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018; 365:199-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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46
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Le TH, Dao QD, Nghiêm MP, Péralta S, Guillot R, Pham QN, Fujii A, Ozaki M, Goubard F, Bui TT. Triphenylamine-Thienothiophene Organic Charge-Transport Molecular Materials: Effect of Substitution Pattern on their Thermal, Photoelectrochemical, and Photovoltaic Properties. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:1302-1311. [PMID: 29691982 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201701790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Two readily accessible thienothiophene-triphenylamine charge-transport materials have been synthesized by simply varying the substitution pattern of the triphenylamine groups on a central thienothiophene π-linker. The impact of the substitution pattern on the thermal, photoelectrochemical, and photovoltaic properties of these materials was evaluated and, based on theoretical and experimental studies, we found that the isomer in which the triphenylamine groups were located at the 2,5-positions of the thienothiophene core (TT-2,5-TPA) had better π-conjugation than the 3,6-isomer (TT-3,6-TPA). Whilst the thermal, morphological, and hydrophobic properties of the two materials were similar, their optoelectrochemical and photovoltaic properties were noticeably impacted. When applied as hole-transport materials in hybrid perovskite solar cells, the 2,5-isomer exhibited a power-conversion efficiency of 13.6 %, much higher than that of its 3,6-counterpart (0.7 %) under the same standard conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Huong Le
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 5 mail Gay Lussac, 95000, Neuville-sur-Oise, France
| | - Quang-Duy Dao
- Division of Electrical, Electronic and Informational Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita-shi, Osaka-fu, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mai-Phuong Nghiêm
- Plateforme Microscopies et Analyses, Fédération Institut des Matériaux (iMAT), Université de Cergy-Pontoise, Rue Descartes, 95000, Neuville-sur-Oise, France
| | - Sébastien Péralta
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 5 mail Gay Lussac, 95000, Neuville-sur-Oise, France
| | - Regis Guillot
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Quoc Nghi Pham
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris Saclay, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Akihiko Fujii
- Division of Electrical, Electronic and Informational Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita-shi, Osaka-fu, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masanori Ozaki
- Division of Electrical, Electronic and Informational Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita-shi, Osaka-fu, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Fabrice Goubard
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 5 mail Gay Lussac, 95000, Neuville-sur-Oise, France
| | - Thanh-Tuân Bui
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 5 mail Gay Lussac, 95000, Neuville-sur-Oise, France
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47
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Bui T, Goubard F, Ibrahim-ouali M, Gigmes D, Dumur F. Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters for Deep Blue Organic Light Emitting Diodes: A Review of Recent Advances. Applied Sciences 2018; 8:494. [DOI: 10.3390/app8040494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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