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Rudrapal M, Rakshit G, Singh RP, Garse S, Khan J, Chakraborty S. Dietary Polyphenols: Review on Chemistry/Sources, Bioavailability/Metabolism, Antioxidant Effects, and Their Role in Disease Management. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:429. [PMID: 38671877 PMCID: PMC11047380 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols, as secondary metabolites ubiquitous in plant sources, have emerged as pivotal bioactive compounds with far-reaching implications for human health. Plant polyphenols exhibit direct or indirect associations with biomolecules capable of modulating diverse physiological pathways. Due to their inherent abundance and structural diversity, polyphenols have garnered substantial attention from both the scientific and clinical communities. The review begins by providing an in-depth analysis of the chemical intricacies of polyphenols, shedding light on their structural diversity and the implications of such diversity on their biological activities. Subsequently, an exploration of the dietary origins of polyphenols elucidates the natural plant-based sources that contribute to their global availability. The discussion extends to the bioavailability and metabolism of polyphenols within the human body, unraveling the complex journey from ingestion to systemic effects. A central focus of the review is dedicated to unravelling the antioxidant effects of polyphenols, highlighting their role in combating oxidative stress and associated health conditions. The comprehensive analysis encompasses their impact on diverse health concerns such as hypertension, allergies, aging, and chronic diseases like heart stroke and diabetes. Insights into the global beneficial effects of polyphenols further underscore their potential as preventive and therapeutic agents. This review article critically examines the multifaceted aspects of dietary polyphenols, encompassing their chemistry, dietary origins, bioavailability/metabolism dynamics, and profound antioxidant effects. The synthesis of information presented herein aims to provide a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and health enthusiasts, fostering a deeper understanding of the intricate relationship between polyphenols and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Rudrapal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Guntur 522213, India
| | - Gourav Rakshit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, India; (G.R.); (R.P.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Ravi Pratap Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, India; (G.R.); (R.P.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Samiksha Garse
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D Y Patil Deemed to be University, Navi Mumbai 400614, India;
| | - Johra Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Soumi Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, India; (G.R.); (R.P.S.); (S.C.)
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Orlandi V, Dondero L, Turrini F, De Negri Atanasio G, Grasso F, Grasselli E, Boggia R. Green Extraction and Preliminary Biological Activity of Hydrolyzed Collagen Peptides (HCPs) Obtained from Whole Undersized Unwanted Catches ( Mugil cephalus L.). Molecules 2023; 28:7637. [PMID: 38005359 PMCID: PMC10673473 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the global increase in fish consumption, the growing side-streams coming from the fish supply chain (e.g., skin, fins, tail, heads…), also including undersized or "unwanted catches", have been recently proposed as source of high-value bioactive compounds (e.g., peptides and fatty acids). In this case study, hydrolyzed collagen peptides (HCPs) were extracted from different parts of Mugil cephalus L. using environmentally friendly techniques such as ultrasounds and enzymatic treatments. Both a mixed biomass derived from the skin, fins, and tail, and a whole fish, were considered as starting biomass, simulating the unsorted processing side-streams and an undersized/unwanted catch, respectively. The extracted HCPs were purified in fractions (<3 KDa and >3 KDa) whose yields (about 5% and 0.04-0.3%, respectively) demonstrated the efficiency of the hydrolysis process. The extraction protocol proposed allowed us to also isolate the intermediate products, namely the lipids (about 8-10%) and the non-collagenous proteins (NCs, 16-23%), whose exploitation could be considered. Each sample was characterized using Sircol, UltraViolet-Spectra, and hydroxyproline assay, and the viability of their collagen fractions was tested on human endothelial cells. Significant effects were obtained at a fraction of <3 KDa, in particular at a concentration of 0.13 µg/mL. The T-scratch test was also performed, with positive results in all fractions tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Orlandi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (V.O.); (F.G.)
| | - Lorenzo Dondero
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Genova, Corso Europa, 26, 16132 Genova, Italy; (L.D.); (G.D.N.A.); (E.G.)
| | - Federica Turrini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (V.O.); (F.G.)
- National Center for the Development of New Technologies in Agriculture (Agritech), 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giulia De Negri Atanasio
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Genova, Corso Europa, 26, 16132 Genova, Italy; (L.D.); (G.D.N.A.); (E.G.)
| | - Federica Grasso
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (V.O.); (F.G.)
| | - Elena Grasselli
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Genova, Corso Europa, 26, 16132 Genova, Italy; (L.D.); (G.D.N.A.); (E.G.)
- National Center for the Development of New Technologies in Agriculture (Agritech), 80121 Napoli, Italy
- Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of 3R Principles in Teaching and Research (Centro 3R), 56122 Pisa, Italy
| | - Raffaella Boggia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy; (V.O.); (F.G.)
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
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Mao JL, Wang L, Chen SJ, Yan B, Xun LY, Li RC, Wang PC, Zhao QT. Design, synthesis, antiviral activities of ferulic acid derivatives. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1133655. [PMID: 36959857 PMCID: PMC10029727 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1133655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of novel ferulic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized, and the twenty-one compounds were evaluated for their antiviral activities against Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), and enterovirus type 71 (EV71). These derivatives with the core structure of diphenyl acrylic acids had cis-trans isomers, which were confirmed by 1H NMR, HPLC, and UV-vis spectra for the first time. The A5 had a selective effect against RSV but no work on herpes simplex virus type 1 and enterovirus type 71, which showed a therapeutic index (TI) of 32 and was significantly better than ferulic acid. The A5 had no scavenging effect on free radicals, but the A2 as the degradation of A5 showed an obvious scavenging effect on DPPH· and ABTS+·. In addition, the A5 had no toxicity to endothelial cells and even showed a proliferative effect. Therefore, the A5 is worth further optimizing its structure as a lead compound and investigating the mechanism of inhibiting Respiratory syncytial virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-long Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Qi-tao Zhao, ; Bin Yan, ; Jin-long Mao,
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shu-jie Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Yan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Qi-tao Zhao, ; Bin Yan, ; Jin-long Mao,
| | - Li-ying Xun
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Rui-cheng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Pei-chen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qi-tao Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Qi-tao Zhao, ; Bin Yan, ; Jin-long Mao,
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Ye L, Hu P, Feng LP, Huang LL, Wang Y, Yan X, Xiong J, Xia HL. Protective Effects of Ferulic Acid on Metabolic Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010281. [PMID: 36615475 PMCID: PMC9821889 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex disease in which protein, fat, carbohydrates and other substances are metabolized in a disorderly way. Ferulic acid (FA) is a phenolic acid found in many vegetables, fruits, cereals and Chinese herbs that has a strong effect on ameliorating MetS. However, no review has summarized the mechanisms of FA in treating MetS. This review collected articles related to the effects of FA on ameliorating the common symptoms of MetS, such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and obesity, from different sources involving Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar, etc. This review summarizes the potential mechanisms of FA in improving various metabolic disorders according to the collected articles. FA ameliorates diabetes via the inhibition of the expressions of PEPCK, G6Pase and GP, the upregulation of the expressions of GK and GS, and the activation of the PI3K/Akt/GLUT4 signaling pathway. The decrease of blood pressure is related to the endothelial function of the aortas and RAAS. The improvement of the lipid spectrum is mediated via the suppression of the HMG-Co A reductase, by promoting the ACSL1 expression and by the regulation of the factors associated with lipid metabolism. Furthermore, FA inhibits obesity by upregulating the MEK/ERK pathway, the MAPK pathway and the AMPK signaling pathway and by inhibiting SREBP-1 expression. This review can be helpful for the development of FA as an appreciable agent for MetS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Pan Hu
- Chengdu Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chengdu 610016, China
- Correspondence: (P.H.); (H.-L.X.); Tel.: +86-182-2442-7340 (P.H.); +86-135-6889-9011 (H.-L.X.)
| | - Li-Ping Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Li-Lu Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Chengdu Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chengdu 610016, China
| | - Jing Xiong
- Chengdu Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chengdu 610016, China
| | - Hou-Lin Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Correspondence: (P.H.); (H.-L.X.); Tel.: +86-182-2442-7340 (P.H.); +86-135-6889-9011 (H.-L.X.)
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van Zadelhoff A, Meijvogel L, Seelen AM, de Bruijn WJ, Vincken JP. Biomimetic Enzymatic Oxidative Coupling of Barley Phenolamides: Hydroxycinnamoylagmatines. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:16241-16252. [PMID: 36516832 PMCID: PMC9801423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative coupling of hydroxycinnamoylagmatines in barley (Hordeum vulgare) and related Hordeum species is part of the plant defense mechanism. Three linkage types have been reported for hydroxycinnamoylagmatine dimers, but knowledge on oxidative coupling reactions underlying their formation is limited. In this study, the monomers coumaroylagmatine, feruloylagmatine, and sinapoylagmatine were each incubated with horseradish peroxidase. Their coupling reactivity was in line with the order of peak potentials measured: sinapoylagmatine (245 mV) > feruloylagmatine (341 mV) > coumaroylagmatine (506 mV). Structure elucidation of fourteen in vitro coupling products by NMR and MS revealed that the three main linkage types were identical to those naturally present in Hordeum species, namely, 4-O-7'/3-8', 2-7'/8-8', and 8-8'/9-N-7'. Furthermore, we identified two linkage types that were not previously reported for hydroxycinnamoylagmatine dimers, namely, 8-8' and 4-O-8'. We conclude that oxidative coupling by horseradish peroxidase can be used for biomimetic formation of natural antifungal hydroxycinnamoylagmatine dimers from barley.
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Demori I, El Rashed Z, De Negri Atanasio G, Parodi A, Millo E, Salis A, Costa A, Rosa G, Zanotti Russo M, Salvidio S, Cortese K, Grasselli E. First Evidence of Anti-Steatotic Action of Macrotympanain A1, an Amphibian Skin Peptide from Odorrana macrotympana. Molecules 2022; 27:7417. [PMID: 36364243 PMCID: PMC9656375 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Many different amphibian skin peptides have been characterized and proven to exert various biological actions, such as wound-healing, immunomodulatory, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects. In this work, the possible anti-steatotic effect of macrotympanain A1 (MA1) (FLPGLECVW), a skin peptide isolated from the Chinese odorous frog Odorrana macrotympana, was investigated. We used a well-established in vitro model of hepatic steatosis, consisting of lipid-loaded rat hepatoma FaO cells. In this model, a 24 h treatment with 10 µg/mL MA1 exerted a significant anti-steatotic action, being able to reduce intracellular triglyceride content. Accordingly, the number and diameter of cytosolic lipid droplets (LDs) were reduced by peptide treatment. The expression of key genes of hepatic lipid metabolism, such as PPARs and PLINs, was measured by real-time qPCR. MA1 counteracted the fatty acid-induced upregulation of PPARγ expression and increased PLIN3 expression, suggesting a role in promoting lipophagy. The present data demonstrate for the first time a direct anti-steatotic effect of a peptide from amphibian skin secretion and pave the way to further studies on the use of amphibian peptides for beneficial actions against metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Demori
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), 56122 Pisa, Italy
| | - Zeinab El Rashed
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giulia De Negri Atanasio
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alice Parodi
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Section of Biochemistry, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Enrico Millo
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Section of Biochemistry, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Annalisa Salis
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Section of Biochemistry, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Costa
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giacomo Rosa
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Sebastiano Salvidio
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Katia Cortese
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), Cellular Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University of Genoa, Via Antonio de Toni 14, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Elena Grasselli
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), 56122 Pisa, Italy
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Silva JC, Bavestrello M, Gazzola V, Spinella G, Pane B, Grasselli E, Demori I, Canesi L, Emionite L, Cilli M, Buschiazzo A, Sambuceti G, Pitta IR, Pitta MG, Perego P, Palombo D, Abdalla DSP. Ischemia-reperfusion damage is attenuated by GQ-11, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α/γ agonist, after aorta clamping in rats. Life Sci 2022; 297:120468. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Li W, Wu B, Wang Y, Lin Y, An L, Zhang G. The Potential Antioxidant Activity and Characterization of Bioactive Compounds of Stahlianthus involucratus. Biomed Res Int 2021; 2021:9490162. [PMID: 34485528 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9490162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Stahlianthus involucratus (S. involucratus) has anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antipyretic activities; however, there are no literature reports on its antioxidant capacity. This study presents a comparative assessment of the polyphenols contents, flavonoids contents, and antioxidant activity of the aqueous and methanol extracts of S. involucratus (ASI and MSI). Moreover, the expression of oxidative stress-related genes in H2O2-induced H9c2 cells pretreated with the MSI was measured by RT-qPCR, and furthermore, MSI were characterized by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS. The results indicated that the MSI had higher antioxidant contents and antioxidant capacity, and MSI could inhibit H2O2-induced oxidative stress in H9c2 cells by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS characterized 15 phenolic compounds from the MSI. In conclusion, S. involucratus has the potential antioxidant capacity.
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Yang XF, Lu M, You L, Gen H, Yuan L, Tian T, Li CY, Xu K, Hou J, Lei M. Herbal therapy for ameliorating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via rebuilding the intestinal microecology. Chin Med 2021; 16:62. [PMID: 34315516 PMCID: PMC8314451 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00470-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The worldwide prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing, and this metabolic disorder has been recognized as a severe threat to human health. A variety of chemical drugs have been approved for treating NAFLD, however, they always has serious side effects. Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) have been widely used for preventing and treating a range of metabolic diseases with satisfactory safety and effective performance in clinical treatment of NAFLD. Recent studies indicated that imbanlance of the intestinal microbiota was closely associated with the occurrence and development of NAFLD, thus, the intestinal microbiota has been recognized as a promising target for treatment of NAFLD. In recent decades, a variety of CHMs have been reported to effectively prevent or treat NAFLD by modulating intestinal microbiota to further interfer the gut-liver axis. In this review, recent advances in CHMs for the treatment of NAFLD via rebuilding the intestinal microecology were systematically reviewed. The key roles of CHMs in the regulation of gut microbiota and the gut-liver axis along with their mechanisms (such as modulating intestinal permeability, reducing the inflammatory response, protecting liver cells, improving lipid metabolism, and modulating nuclear receptors), were well summarized. All the knowledge and information presented here will be very helpful for researchers to better understand the applications and mechanisms of CHMs for treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fang Yang
- Critical Care Medicine, Seventh Peoples Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Trauma Emergency Center, The Seventh Peoples Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Lijiao You
- Critical Care Medicine, Seventh Peoples Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Huan Gen
- Critical Care Medicine, Seventh Peoples Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Critical Care Medicine, Seventh Peoples Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Tianning Tian
- Trauma Emergency Center, The Seventh Peoples Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Chun-Yu Li
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Kailiang Xu
- Critical Care Medicine, Seventh Peoples Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, 200137, China.
| | - Jie Hou
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Ming Lei
- Critical Care Medicine, Seventh Peoples Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, 200137, China.
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El Rashed Z, Lupidi G, Grasselli E, Canesi L, Khalifeh H, Demori I. Antioxidant and Antisteatotic Activities of Fucoidan Fractions from Marine and Terrestrial Sources. Molecules 2021; 26:4467. [PMID: 34361619 PMCID: PMC8347863 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoidan is a fucose-rich sulfated polysaccharide typically found in the cell wall of marine algae but also recently isolated from terrestrial sources. Due to a variety of biological activities, including antioxidant properties, fucoidan exhibits an attractive therapeutic potential against a wide array of metabolic diseases associated with oxidative stress. We used FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy to investigate the structural features of a fucoidan fraction extracted from the brown alga Cystoseira compressa (CYS). The antioxidant potential of CYS was measured by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays, which revealed a radical scavenging capacity that was confirmed in in vitro cellular models of hepatic and endothelial cells. The same antioxidant effects were observed for another fucoidan fraction previously identified in the terrestrial tree Eucalyptus globulus (EUC). Moreover, in hepatic cells, CYS and EUC exhibited a significant antisteatotic action, being able to reduce intracellular triglyceride content through the regulation of key genes of hepatic lipid metabolism. EUC exerted stronger antioxidant and antisteatotic effects as compared to CYS, suggesting that both marine and terrestrial sources should be considered for fucoidan extraction and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab El Rashed
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (Z.E.R.); (E.G.); (L.C.)
- Rammal Rammal Laboratory (ATAC Group), Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Beirut 1003, Lebanon;
| | - Giulio Lupidi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
| | - Elena Grasselli
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (Z.E.R.); (E.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Laura Canesi
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (Z.E.R.); (E.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Hala Khalifeh
- Rammal Rammal Laboratory (ATAC Group), Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Beirut 1003, Lebanon;
| | - Ilaria Demori
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (Z.E.R.); (E.G.); (L.C.)
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Duan X, Dai Y, Zhang T. Characterization of Feruloyl Esterase from Bacillus pumilus SK52.001 and Its Application in Ferulic Acid Production from De-Starched Wheat Bran. Foods 2021; 10:foods10061229. [PMID: 34071417 PMCID: PMC8228269 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Feruloyl esterase (FAE; EC 3.1.1.73) catalyzes the hydrolysis of the 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamoyl group in an esterified sugar to assist in waste biomass degradation or to release ferulic acid (FA). An FAE-producing strain was isolated from humus soil samples and identified as Bacillus pumilus SK52.001. The BpFAE gene from B. pumilus SK52.001 was speculated and heterogeneously expressed in Bacillus subtilis WB800 for the first time. The enzyme exists as a monomer with 303 amino acids and a molecular mass of 33.6 kDa. Its specific activity was 377.9 ± 10.3 U/ (mg protein), using methyl ferulate as a substrate. It displays an optimal alkaline pH of 9.0, an optimal temperature of 50 °C, and half-lives of 1434, 327, 235, and 68 min at 50, 55, 60, and 65 °C, respectively. Moreover, the purified BpFAE released 4.98% FA of the alkali-acidic extractable FA from de-starched wheat bran (DSWB). When the DSWB was enzymatically degraded by the synergistic effect of the BpFAE and commercial xylanase, the FA amount reached 49.47%. It suggested that the alkaline BpFAE from B. pumilus SK52.001, which was heterologously expressed in B. subtilis WB800, possesses great potential for biomass degradation and achieving high-added value FA production from food by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.D.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yiwei Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.D.); (Y.D.)
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.D.); (Y.D.)
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Correspondence:
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Moni L, Banfi L, Basso A, Mori A, Risso F, Riva R, Lambruschini C. A Thorough Study on the Photoisomerization of Ferulic Acid Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Moni
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of Genova Via Dodecaneso, 31 16146 Genova Italy
| | - Luca Banfi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of Genova Via Dodecaneso, 31 16146 Genova Italy
| | - Andrea Basso
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of Genova Via Dodecaneso, 31 16146 Genova Italy
| | - Alessia Mori
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of Genova Via Dodecaneso, 31 16146 Genova Italy
| | - Federica Risso
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of Genova Via Dodecaneso, 31 16146 Genova Italy
| | - Renata Riva
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of Genova Via Dodecaneso, 31 16146 Genova Italy
| | - Chiara Lambruschini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of Genova Via Dodecaneso, 31 16146 Genova Italy
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El Rashed Z, Lupidi G, Kanaan H, Grasselli E, Canesi L, Khalifeh H, Demori I. Antioxidant and Antisteatotic Activities of a New Fucoidan Extracted from Ferula hermonis Roots Harvested on Lebanese Mountains. Molecules 2021; 26:1161. [PMID: 33671715 PMCID: PMC7926425 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoidan is a fucose-rich sulfated polysaccharide with attractive therapeutic potential due to a variety of biological activities, including antioxidant action. Fucoidan is typically found in the cell wall of marine brown algae, but extra-algal sources have also been discovered. In the present work, for the first time we extracted a water soluble fucoidan fraction from the roots of the terrestrial shrub Ferula hermonis. This fucoidan fraction was termed FUFe, and contained fucose, glucose, sulfate, smaller amounts of monosaccharides such as galactose and mannose, and a minor quantity of proteins. FUFe structural features were investigated by FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The antioxidant property of FUFe was measured by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays, which revealed a high radical scavenging capacity that was confirmed in in vitro cellular models. In hepatic and endothelial cells, 50 μg/mL FUFe could reduce ROS production induced by intracellular lipid accumulation. Moreover, in hepatic cells FUFe exhibited a significant antisteatotic action, being able to reduce intracellular triglyceride content and to regulate the expression of key genes of hepatic lipid metabolism. Altogether, our results candidate FUFe as a possible bioactive compound against fatty liver disease and related vascular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab El Rashed
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (Z.E.R.); (E.G.); (L.C.)
- Rammal Rammal Laboratory (ATAC Group), Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, 1003 Beirut, Lebanon;
| | - Giulio Lupidi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
| | - Hussein Kanaan
- Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis and Extraction of Polysaccharides from Seaweed, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, 1003 Beirut, Lebanon;
| | - Elena Grasselli
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (Z.E.R.); (E.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Laura Canesi
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (Z.E.R.); (E.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Hala Khalifeh
- Rammal Rammal Laboratory (ATAC Group), Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, 1003 Beirut, Lebanon;
| | - Ilaria Demori
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (Z.E.R.); (E.G.); (L.C.)
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Abstract
Ugi reaction offers opportunities to facilely access unprecedented sequence control and sequence-driven properties in polypeptoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinuo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Youhua Tao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
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