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Ferrari S, Mulè S, Rosso G, Parini F, Galla R, Molinari C, Uberti F. An Innovative Probiotic-Based Supplement to Mitigate Molecular Factors Connected to Depression and Anxiety: An In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4774. [PMID: 38731995 PMCID: PMC11083558 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional relationship between the microbiota and the brain; genes related to the brain and gut synaptic formation are similar. Research on the causal effects of gut microbiota on human behavior, brain development, and function, as well as the underlying molecular processes, has emerged in recent decades. Probiotics have been shown in several trials to help reduce anxiety and depressive symptoms. Because of this, probiotic combinations have been tested in in vitro models to see whether they might modulate the gut and alleviate depression and anxiety. Therefore, we sought to determine whether a novel formulation might affect the pathways controlling anxiety and depression states and alter gut barrier activities in a 3D model without having harmful side effects. Our findings indicate that B. bifidum novaBBF7 10 mg/mL, B. longum novaBLG2 5 mg/mL, and L. paracasei TJB8 10 mg/mL may influence the intestinal barrier and enhance the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids. Additionally, the probiotics studied did not cause neuronal damage and, in combination, exert a protective effect against the condition of anxiety and depression triggered by L-Glutamate. All these findings show that probiotics can affect gut function to alter the pathways underlying anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ferrari
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, 13100 Vercelli, Italy (F.P.); (C.M.)
| | - Simone Mulè
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, 13100 Vercelli, Italy (F.P.); (C.M.)
| | - Giorgia Rosso
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, 13100 Vercelli, Italy (F.P.); (C.M.)
| | - Francesca Parini
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, 13100 Vercelli, Italy (F.P.); (C.M.)
| | - Rebecca Galla
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, 13100 Vercelli, Italy (F.P.); (C.M.)
- Noivita Srls, Spin Off of the University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Claudio Molinari
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, 13100 Vercelli, Italy (F.P.); (C.M.)
| | - Francesca Uberti
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, 13100 Vercelli, Italy (F.P.); (C.M.)
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Mulè S, Rosso G, Botta M, Brovero A, Ferrari S, Galla R, Molinari C, Uberti F. Design of Mixed Medicinal Plants, Rich in Polyphenols, Vitamins B, and Palmitoylethanolamide-Based Supplement to Help Reduce Nerve Pain: A Preclinical Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4790. [PMID: 38732008 PMCID: PMC11083932 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuropathy affects 7-10% of the general population and is caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory system. The limitations of current therapies highlight the necessity of a new innovative approach to treating neuropathic pain (NP) based on the close correlation between oxidative stress, inflammatory process, and antioxidant action. The advantageous outcomes of a novel combination composed of Hop extract, Propolis, Ginkgo Biloba, Vitamin B, and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) used as a treatment was evaluated in this study. To assess the absorption and biodistribution of the combination, its bioavailability was first examined in a 3D intestinal barrier model that replicated intestinal absorption. Further, a 3D nerve tissue model was developed to study the biological impacts of the combination during the essential pathways involved in NP. Our findings show that the combination could cross the intestinal barrier and reach the peripheral nervous system, where it modulates the oxidative stress, inflammation levels, and myelination mechanism (increased NRG, MPZ, ERB, and p75 levels) under Schwann cells damaging. This study proves the effectiveness of Ginkgo Biloba, Propolis, Hop extract, Vitamin B, and PEA in avoiding nerve damage and suggests a potential alternative nutraceutical treatment for NP and neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Mulè
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Giorgia Rosso
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Mattia Botta
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Arianna Brovero
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Turin, Italy;
| | - Sara Ferrari
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Rebecca Galla
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
- Noivita Srls, Spin Off, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Claudio Molinari
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
| | - Francesca Uberti
- Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 13100 Vercelli, Italy; (S.M.); (G.R.); (M.B.); (S.F.); (R.G.); (C.M.)
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Ferrari S, Galla R, Mulè S, Rosso G, Brovero A, Macchi V, Ruga S, Uberti F. The Role of Bifidobacterium bifidum novaBBF7, Bifidobacterium longum novaBLG2 and Lactobacillus paracasei TJB8 to Improve Mechanisms Linked to Neuronal Cells Protection against Oxidative Condition in a Gut-Brain Axis Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12281. [PMID: 37569657 PMCID: PMC10419296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the identification of several innovative targets for avoiding cognitive decline, there has yet to be a widely accepted approach that deals with minimising the deterioration of cognitive function. In this light, recent studies suggest that regulating the gut-brain axis with probiotics is a potential therapeutic strategy to support brain health. For this reason, in vitro models were used to examine the efficacy of different probiotic combinations to enhance intestinal homeostasis and positively affect the brain. Therefore, the new formulation has been evaluated for its capacity to modify intestinal barrier functions in a 3D in vitro model without any adverse effects and directly impact the mechanisms underlying cognitive function in a gut-brain axis model. According to our findings, B. bifidum novaBBF7 10 mg/mL, B. longum novaBLG2 5 mg/mL and L. paracasei TJB8 10 mg/mL may successfully modify the intestinal barrier and improve SCFA production. Successively, the probiotics studied caused no harm at the neuronal level, as demonstrated by iNOS, mitochondrial potential, and cell viability tests, confirming their safety features and enhancing antioxidant mechanisms and antineuroinflammation activity. Additionally, the damage caused by oxidative stress was also healed, and critical pathways that result in cognitive impairment were changed by synergetic action, supporting the hypothesis that brain ageing and neurodegeneration are slowed down. All these findings demonstrate the ability of probiotics to affect cognitive processes and their ability to sustain the mechanisms underlying cognitive function by acting on intestinal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ferrari
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Rebecca Galla
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Noivita Srls, Spin Off, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Simone Mulè
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Giorgia Rosso
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Arianna Brovero
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Valentina Macchi
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Sara Ruga
- Noivita Srls, Spin Off, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Francesca Uberti
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
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Steurbaut L, Levy EI, De Geyter C, Buyse S, Vandenplas Y. A narrative review on the diagnosis and management of constipation in infants. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:769-783. [PMID: 37501219 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2023.2242255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Functional constipation is one of the common disorders of gut-brain interaction in infancy, and decreases the quality of life of infants and parents. AREAS COVERED Relevant articles up to November 2022 were reviewed. We searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, and MEDLINE for guidelines, position papers, reviews, and randomized controlled trials on infant constipation. EXPERT OPINION Randomized controlled trials in this specific age group are mostly limited to trials with infant formula. The prevalence of infant constipation in formula-fed infants is decreasing, and can be associated with adaptations in formula composition. While the supplementation of infant formula with pro-, pre- and/or synbiotics decreases the prevalence of constipation, their efficacy in constipated infants is disappointing. There is limited evidence to support the addition of magnesium to infant formula to treat constipation. The evidence for the efficacy and safety of polyethylene glycol in children < 2 years has expanded over the past years. The administration of lactulose or polyethylene glycol is the preferred medical management, in case nutritional management does result in insufficient improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurine Steurbaut
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), UZ Brussel, KidZ Health Castle, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elvira Ingrid Levy
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), UZ Brussel, KidZ Health Castle, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pediatrics, C.H.U. Saint-Pieter, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charlotte De Geyter
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), UZ Brussel, KidZ Health Castle, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Yvan Vandenplas
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), UZ Brussel, KidZ Health Castle, Brussels, Belgium
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Ruga S, Galla R, Ferrari S, Invernizzi M, Uberti F. Novel Approach to the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain Using a Combination with Palmitoylethanolamide and Equisetum arvense L. in an In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5503. [PMID: 36982577 PMCID: PMC10053612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a typical patient disorder resulting from damage and dysfunction of the peripheral neuraxis. Injury to peripheral nerves in the upper extremities can result in a lifelong reduction in quality of life and a devastating loss of sensory and motor function. Since some standard pharmaceutical therapies can cause dependence or intolerance, nonpharmacological treatments have gained great interest in recent years. In this context, the beneficial effects of a new combination of palmitoylethanolamide and Equisetum arvense L. are evaluated in the present study. The bioavailability of the combination was initially analyzed in a 3D intestinal barrier simulating oral intake to analyze its absorption/biodistribution and exclude cytotoxicity. In a further step, a 3D nerve tissue model was performed to study the biological effects of the combination during the key mechanisms leading to peripheral neuropathy. Our results demonstrate that the combination successfully crossed the intestinal barrier and reached the target site, modulating the nerve recovery mechanism after Schwann cell injury and offering the initial response of relieving pain. This work supported the efficacy of palmitoylethanolamide and Equisetum arvense L. in reducing neuropathy and modifying the major pain mechanisms, outlining a possible alternative nutraceutical approach.
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Galla R, Ruga S, Aprile S, Ferrari S, Brovero A, Grosa G, Molinari C, Uberti F. New Hyaluronic Acid from Plant Origin to Improve Joint Protection—An In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:8114. [PMID: 35897688 PMCID: PMC9332867 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In recent decades, hyaluronic acid (HA) has attracted great attention as a new treatment option for osteoarthritis. Classical therapies are not able to stop the cartilage degeneration process nor do they favor tissue repair. Nowadays, it is accepted that high molecular weight HA can reduce inflammation by promoting tissue regeneration; therefore, the aim of this study was to verify the efficacy of a new high molecular weight HA of plant origin (called GreenIuronic®) in maintaining joint homeostasis and preventing the harmful processes of osteoarthritis. Methods: The bioavailability of GreenIuronic® was investigated in a 3D intestinal barrier model that mimics human oral intake while excluding damage to the intestinal barrier. Furthermore, the chemical significance and biological properties of GreenIuronic® were investigated in conditions that simulate osteoarthritis. Results: Our data demonstrated that GreenIuronic® crosses the intestinal barrier without side effects as it has a chemical–biological profile, which could be responsible for many specific chondrocyte functions. Furthermore, in the osteoarthritis model, GreenIuronic® can modulate the molecular mechanism responsible for preventing and restoring the degradation of cartilage. Conclusion: According to our results, this new form of HA appears to be well absorbed and distributed to chondrocytes, preserving their biological activities. Therefore, the oral administration of GreenIuronic® in humans can be considered a valid strategy to obtain beneficial therapeutic effects during osteoarthritis.
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Zhang L, Du Z, Li Z, Yu F, Li L. Association of dietary magnesium intake with chronic constipation among US adults: Evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:6634-6641. [PMID: 34925793 PMCID: PMC8645769 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of dietary magnesium intake with chronic constipation has not been well-studied in general population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine whether increased intake of dietary magnesium is associated with the presence of chronic constipation. Data from the 2007-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used. A total of 9,519 participants (4,814 men and 4,705 women) aged ≥20 years were included. The individual's bowel habits (chronic constipation) were evaluated using the questionnaire on bowel health and two different definitions of constipation (stool consistency and stool frequency) were used. Dietary magnesium intake was obtained from 24-h dietary recall. Participants were categorized based on the quartiles of magnesium intake. Multivariable logistic regressions models were performed controlling for confounding factors. After multivariable adjustment, dietary magnesium intake was inversely associated with chronic constipation defined by stool frequency, and the ORs (95% CIs) across quartiles 2-4 compared with the lowest quartile were 0.71 (0.51-0.99), 0.78 (0.46-1.31), and 0.39 (0.16-0.95), respectively. In addition, there was a significant trend for the decreased prevalence of chronic constipation by quartiles of magnesium intake only among men (p for trend < .001). However, no statistically significant association between magnesium intake and prevalence of chronic constipation defined by stool consistency was observed. More evidence from longitudinal studies is needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Anorectal SurgeryDongyang People's HospitalDongyangChina
| | - Zhang Du
- Department of Anorectal SurgeryDongyang People's HospitalDongyangChina
| | - Zhiang Li
- Department of Anorectal SurgeryDongyang People's HospitalDongyangChina
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Anorectal SurgeryDongyang People's HospitalDongyangChina
| | - Lijun Li
- Department of Anorectal SurgeryDongyang People's HospitalDongyangChina
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Molinari C, Ruga S, Farghali M, Galla R, Bassiouny A, Uberti F. Preventing c2c12 muscular cells damage combining magnesium and potassium with vitamin D3 and curcumin. J Tradit Complement Med 2021; 11:532-544. [PMID: 34765517 PMCID: PMC8572722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Physical activity is defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles which causes energy consumption; moderate and constant physical activity is known to be beneficial and to slow the muscle loss process associated with aging. The aim of the present study was to test, in an in vitro exercise model, the biological effects of a new formulation composed of magnesium and potassium combined with vitamin D and curcumin created to support muscle activity and to prevent hypercontraction damage. Experimental procedure C2C12 cells were treated with vitamin D, buffered magnesium bisglycinate, curcumin, and potassium citrate. Cell viability, morpho-functional changes, calcium and magnesium movements, and the main kinases involved in glucose uptake were analyzed. The glycogen level and lactate were also evaluated. Results and conclusion Important results about a positive effect on mitochondrial activity, ATP production, oxygen consumption and in the physiological differentiation of C2C12 cells were obtained. Further experiments were performed under conditions that mimic the biological aspects of strenuous exercise. The combination of magnesium, vitamin D3, curcumin, and potassium citrate revealed beneficial effects on skeletal muscle cells under physiological conditions as well as while mimicking intense activity. In particular, in an in vitro model, they were able to control the hypercontraction, restoring ion fluxes, reducing inflammation signaling and supporting the main mechanism involved on aerobic activity. Our results have indicated for the first time that this new combination could be considered as a new nutraceutical formulation to improve physical performance and muscle recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Molinari
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Sara Ruga
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Mahitab Farghali
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Rebecca Galla
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Ahmad Bassiouny
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Francesca Uberti
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy
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Galla R, Grisenti P, Farghali M, Saccuman L, Ferraboschi P, Uberti F. Ovotransferrin Supplementation Improves the Iron Absorption: An In Vitro Gastro-Intestinal Model. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111543. [PMID: 34829772 PMCID: PMC8615417 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transferrins constitute the most important iron regulation system in vertebrates and some invertebrates. Soluble transferrins, such as bovine lactoferrin and hen egg white ovotransferrin, are glycoproteins with a very similar structure with lobes that complex with iron. In this in vitro study, a comparison of bovine lactoferrin and ovotransferrin was undertaken to confirm the comparability of biological effects. An in vitro gastric barrier model using gastric epithelial cells GTL-16 and an in vitro intestinal barrier model using CaCo-2 cells was employed to evaluate iron absorption and barrier integrity. An analysis of the molecular pathways involving DMT-1 (divalent metal transporter 1), ferritin and ferroportin was also carried out. These in vitro data demonstrate the activity of both 15% saturated and 100% saturated ovotransferrin on the iron regulation system. Compared with the commercial bovine lactoferrin, both 15% saturated and 100% saturated ovotransferrin were found to act in a more physiological manner. Based on these data, it is possible to hypothesise that ovotransferrin may be an excellent candidate for iron supplementation in humans; in particular, 15% saturated ovotransferrin is the overall best performing product. In vivo studies should be performed to confirm this in vitro data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Galla
- Laboratory Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (R.G.); (M.F.); (L.S.)
| | - Paride Grisenti
- Bioseutica B.V., Landbouwweg 83, 3899 BD Zeewolde, The Netherlands;
| | - Mahitab Farghali
- Laboratory Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (R.G.); (M.F.); (L.S.)
| | - Laura Saccuman
- Laboratory Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (R.G.); (M.F.); (L.S.)
| | - Patrizia Ferraboschi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Saldini 50, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Francesca Uberti
- Laboratory Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (R.G.); (M.F.); (L.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-03-2166-0653
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Uberti F, Ruga S, Farghali M, Galla R, Molinari C. A Combination of α-Lipoic Acid (ALA) and Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) Blocks Endotoxin-Induced Oxidative Stress and Cytokine Storm: A Possible Intervention for COVID-19. J Diet Suppl 2021; 20:133-155. [PMID: 34405764 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2021.1966152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The global scientific community is striving to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms and develop effective therapeutic strategies for COVID-19. Despite overwhelming data, there is limited knowledge about the molecular mechanisms involved in the prominent cytokine storm syndrome and multiple organ failure and fatality in COVID-19 cases. The aim of this work is to investigate the possible role of of α-lipoic acid (ALA) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), in countering the mechanisms in overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inflammatory cytokines. An in vitro model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human epithelial lung cells that mimics the pathogen-associated molecular pattern and reproduces the cell signaling pathways in cytokine storm syndrome has been used. In this model of acute lung injury, the combination effects of ALAPEA, administered before and after LPS injury, were investigated. Our data demonstrated that a combination of 50 µM ALA + 5 µM PEA can reduce ROS and nitric oxide (NO) levels modulating the major cytokines involved on COVID-19 infection when administered either before or after LPS-induced damage. The best outcome was observed when administered after LPS, thus reinforcing the hypothesis that ALA combined with PEA to modulate the key point of cytokine storm syndrome. This work supports for the first time that the combination of ALA with PEA may represent a novel intervention strategy to counteract inflammatory damage related to COVID-19 by restoring the cascade activation of the immune response and acting as a powerful antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Uberti
- Laboratory Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Sara Ruga
- Laboratory Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Mahitab Farghali
- Laboratory Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Rebecca Galla
- Laboratory Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Claudio Molinari
- Laboratory Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, UPO, Novara, Italy
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Uberti F, Morsanuto V, Ruga S, Galla R, Farghali M, Notte F, Bozzo C, Magnani C, Nardone A, Molinari C. Addendum: Uberti, F.; et al. Study of Magnesium Formulations on Intestinal Cells to Influence Myometrium Cell Relaxation. Nutrients 2020, 12, 573. Nutrients 2020. [PMCID: PMC7400932 DOI: 10.3390/nu12072119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors would like to publish this addendum to their recent publication [...]
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Uberti
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (V.M.); (S.R.); (R.G.); (M.F.); (F.N.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Vera Morsanuto
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (V.M.); (S.R.); (R.G.); (M.F.); (F.N.); (C.M.)
| | - Sara Ruga
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (V.M.); (S.R.); (R.G.); (M.F.); (F.N.); (C.M.)
| | - Rebecca Galla
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (V.M.); (S.R.); (R.G.); (M.F.); (F.N.); (C.M.)
| | - Mahitab Farghali
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (V.M.); (S.R.); (R.G.); (M.F.); (F.N.); (C.M.)
| | - Felice Notte
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (V.M.); (S.R.); (R.G.); (M.F.); (F.N.); (C.M.)
| | - Chiarella Bozzo
- Laboratory of Applied Biology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Corrado Magnani
- Medical Statistics and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Antonio Nardone
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Claudio Molinari
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy; (V.M.); (S.R.); (R.G.); (M.F.); (F.N.); (C.M.)
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Dupont C, Hébert G. Magnesium Sulfate-Rich Natural Mineral Waters in the Treatment of Functional Constipation-A Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2052. [PMID: 32664341 DOI: 10.3390/nu12072052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional constipation (FC) is a chronic constipation for which no physiological, anatomical or iatrogenic origin can be evidenced. This condition has a high impact on a patient’s quality of life and healthcare costs. Since FC is frequently associated with low physical activity and a diet low in fiber and/or water, first-line recommendations focus on sufficient activity, and sufficient fiber and water intake. In case of inefficacy of these measures, numerous drug treatments are available, either over the counter or on prescription. Magnesium sulfate has a long history in the treatment of FC, and magnesium sulfate-rich mineral waters have been used for centuries for their laxative properties. The laxative effect of magnesium and sulfate has since been widely demonstrated. Nevertheless, it appears that no clinical studies aiming at demonstrating their efficacy in FC had been conducted before the 21st century. In this paper, we reviewed the clinical data reporting the efficacy of magnesium sulfate-rich natural mineral waters. In view of their reported efficacy and safety, magnesium sulfate-rich natural mineral waters may represent a natural treatment for FC.
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