1
|
Xie F. Natural polymer starch-based materials for flexible electronic sensor development: A review of recent progress. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 337:122116. [PMID: 38710566 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
In response to the burgeoning interest in the development of highly conformable and resilient flexible electronic sensors capable of transducing diverse physical stimuli, this review investigates the pivotal role of natural polymers, specifically those derived from starch, in crafting sustainable and biocompatible sensing materials. Expounding on cutting-edge research, the exploration delves into innovative strategies employed to leverage the distinctive attributes of starch in conjunction with other polymers for the fabrication of advanced sensors. The comprehensive discussion encompasses a spectrum of starch-based materials, spanning all-starch-based gels to starch-based soft composites, meticulously scrutinizing their applications in constructing resistive, capacitive, piezoelectric, and triboelectric sensors. These intricately designed sensors exhibit proficiency in detecting an array of stimuli, including strain, temperature, humidity, liquids, and enzymes, thereby playing a pivotal role in the continuous and non-invasive monitoring of human body motions, physiological signals, and environmental conditions. The review highlights the intricate interplay between material properties, sensor design, and sensing performance, emphasizing the unique advantages conferred by starch-based materials, such as self-adhesiveness, self-healability, and re-processibility facilitated by dynamic bonding. In conclusion, the paper outlines current challenges and future research opportunities in this evolving field, offering valuable insights for prospective investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fengwei Xie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Y, Wu Z, Sun J, Sun Q, Chen F, Zhang M, Duan H. Synthesis and Sensing Performance of Chitin Fiber/MoS 2 Composites. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:nano13091567. [PMID: 37177112 PMCID: PMC10180960 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, chitin fibers (CFs) were combined with molybdenum sulfide (MoS2) to develop high-performance sensors, and chitin carbon materials were innovatively introduced into the application of gas sensing. MoS2/CFs composites were synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal method. The surface properties of the composites were greatly improved, and the fire resistance effect was remarkable compared with that of the chitin monomer. In the gas-sensitive performance test, the overall performance of the MoS2/CFs composite was more than three times better than that of the MoS2 monomer and showed excellent long-term stability, with less than 10% performance degradation in three months. Extending to the field of strain sensing, MoS2/CFs composites can realize real-time signal conversion in tensile and motion performance tests, which can help inspectors make analytical judgments in response to the analysis results. The extensive application of sensing materials in more fields is expected to be further developed. Based on the recycling of waste chitin textile materials, this paper expands the potential applications of chitin materials in the fields of gas monitoring, biomedicine, behavioral discrimination and intelligent monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhi Zhang
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Zhaofeng Wu
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Jun Sun
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Qihua Sun
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Fengjuan Chen
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Haiming Duan
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Heidarian P, Kouzani AZ. A self-healing magneto-responsive nanocellulose ferrogel and flexible soft strain sensor. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 234:123822. [PMID: 36822286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Crosslinks are the building blocks of hydrogels and play an important role in their overall properties. They may either be reversible and dynamic allowing for autonomous self-healing properties, or permanent and static resulting in robustness and mechanical strength. Hence, a combination of crosslinks is often required to engineer the 3D network of hydrogels with both autonomous self-healing and required robustness for strain sensing application; however, this complicates the fabrication of such hydrogels. The facile, yet versatile, approach used in this study is to forgo the use of extra crosslinks and instead rely solely on the properties of magnetic nanocellulose to fabricate a tough, stretchy, yet magneto-responsive, ionic conductive ferrogel for strain sensing. The ferrogel also gives stimuli-free and autonomous self-healing capacity, as well as the ability to monitor real-time strain under external magnetic actuation. The ferrogel also functions as a touch-screen pen. Based on our findings, this study has the potential to advance the rational design of multifunctional hydrogels, with applications in soft and flexible strain sensors, health monitoring and soft robotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pejman Heidarian
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Abbas Z Kouzani
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Heidarian P, Kouzani AZ. Starch-g-Acrylic Acid/Magnetic Nanochitin Self-Healing Ferrogels as Flexible Soft Strain Sensors. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:s23031138. [PMID: 36772177 PMCID: PMC9920654 DOI: 10.3390/s23031138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Mechanically robust ferrogels with high self-healing ability might change the design of soft materials used in strain sensing. Herein, a robust, stretchable, magneto-responsive, notch insensitive, ionic conductive nanochitin ferrogel was fabricated with both autonomous self-healing and needed resilience for strain sensing application without the need for additional irreversible static chemical crosslinks. For this purpose, ferric (III) chloride hexahydrate and ferrous (II) chloride as the iron source were initially co-precipitated to create magnetic nanochitin and the co-precipitation was confirmed by FTIR and microscopic images. After that, the ferrogels were fabricated by graft copolymerisation of acrylic acid-g-starch with a monomer/starch weight ratio of 1.5. Ammonium persulfate and magnetic nanochitin were employed as the initiator and crosslinking/nano-reinforcing agents, respectively. The ensuing magnetic nanochitin ferrogel provided not only the ability to measure strain in real-time under external magnetic actuation but also the ability to heal itself without any external stimulus. The ferrogel may also be used as a stylus for a touch-screen device. Based on our findings, our research has promising implications for the rational design of multifunctional hydrogels, which might be used in applications such as flexible and soft strain sensors, health monitoring, and soft robotics.
Collapse
|
5
|
Rumon MMH, Sarkar SD, Uddin MM, Alam MM, Karobi SN, Ayfar A, Azam MS, Roy CK. Graphene oxide based crosslinker for simultaneous enhancement of mechanical toughness and self-healing capability of conventional hydrogels. RSC Adv 2022; 12:7453-7463. [PMID: 35424695 PMCID: PMC8982252 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00122e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Extraordinary self-healing efficiency is rarely observed in mechanically strong hydrogels, which often limits the applications of hydrogels in biomedical engineering. We have presented an approach to utilize a special type of graphene oxide-based crosslinker (GOBC) for the simultaneous improvement of toughness and self-healing properties of conventional hydrogels. The GOBC has been prepared from graphene oxide (GO) by surface oxidation and further introduction of vinyl groups. It has been designed in such a way that the crosslinker is able to form both covalent bonds and noncovalent interactions with the polymer chains of hydrogels. To demonstrate the efficacy of GOBC, it was incorporated in a conventional polyacrylamide (PAM) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) hydrogel matrix, and the mechanical and self-healing properties of the prepared hydrogels were investigated. In PAM-GOBC hydrogels, it has been observed that the mechanical properties such as tensile strength, Young's modulus, and toughness are significantly improved by the incorporation of GOBC without compromising the self-healing efficiency. The PAM-GOBC hydrogel with a modulus of about 0.446 MPa exhibited about 70% stress healing efficiency after 40 h. Whereas, under the same conditions a PAM hydrogel with commonly used crosslinker N,N′-methylene-bis(acrylamide) of approximately the same modulus demonstrated no self-healing at all. Similar improvement of self-healing properties and toughness in PAA-GOBC hydrogel has also been observed which demonstrated the universality of the crosslinker. This crosslinker-based approach to improve the self-healing properties is expected to offer the possibility of the application of commonly used hydrogels in many different sectors, particularly in developing artificial tissues. Introduction of a two-dimensional graphene oxide-based crosslinker simultaneously improve the mechanical and self-healing properties of hydrogels by offering an interesting combination of covalent and reversible hydrogen bonds to polymer backbones.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen Don Sarkar
- Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh
| | - Md Mosfeq Uddin
- Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahbub Alam
- Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh
| | | | - Aruna Ayfar
- Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh
| | - Md Shafiul Azam
- Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh
| | - Chanchal Kumar Roy
- Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Heidarian P, Kaynak A, Paulino M, Zolfagharian A, Varley RJ, Kouzani AZ. Dynamic nanocellulose hydrogels: Recent advancements and future outlook. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 270:118357. [PMID: 34364602 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanocellulose is of great interest in material science nowadays mainly because of its hydrophilic, renewable, biodegradable, and biocompatible nature, as well as its excellent mechanical strength and tailorable surface ready for modification. Currently, nanocellulose is attracting attention to overcome the current challenges of dynamic hydrogels: robustness, autonomous self-healing, and self-recovery (SELF) properties simultaneously occurring in one system. In this regard, this review aims to explore current advances in design and fabrication of dynamic nanocellulose hydrogels and elucidate how incorporating nanocellulose with dynamic motifs simultaneously improves both SELF and robustness of hydrogels. Finally, current challenges and prospects of dynamic nanocellulose hydrogels are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pejman Heidarian
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Akif Kaynak
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Mariana Paulino
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Ali Zolfagharian
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Russell J Varley
- Carbon Nexus at the Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Abbas Z Kouzani
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Heidari M, Khomeiri M, Yousefi H, Rafieian M, Kashiri M. Chitin nanofiber-based nanocomposites containing biodegradable polymers for food packaging applications. J Verbrauch Lebensm 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00003-021-01328-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
|
8
|
Xiang X, Li H, Zhu Y, Xia S, He Q. The composite hydrogel with “
2D
flexible crosslinking point” of
reduced graphene oxide
for strain sensor. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Xiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing Jiaotong University Chongqing China
| | - Huilan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing Jiaotong University Chongqing China
| | - Ying Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing Jiaotong University Chongqing China
| | - Shuang Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing Jiaotong University Chongqing China
| | - Qing He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing Jiaotong University Chongqing China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Heidarian P, Kouzani AZ, Kaynak A, Bahrami B, Paulino M, Nasri-Nasrabadi B, Varley RJ. Rational Design of Mussel-Inspired Hydrogels with Dynamic Catecholato-Metal Coordination Bonds. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000439. [PMID: 33174274 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Nature has often been the main source of inspiration for designing smart functional materials. As an example, mussels can attach to almost any wet surfaces, for example, wood, rocks, metal, etc., due to the presence of catechols containing amino acid 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-l-alanine (DOPA). Fabrication of mussel-inspired hydrogels using dynamic catecholato-metal coordination bonds has recently been in the limelight because of the hydrogels' ease of gelation, interesting self-healing, self-recovery, adhesiveness, and pH-responsiveness, as well as shear-thinning and mechanical properties. Mussel inspired hydrogels take advantage of catechols, for example, DOPA in the blue mussel, to undergo catecholatometal gelation through coordination chemistry. This review explores the latest developments in the fabrication of such hydrogels using catecholato-metal coordination bonds, and discusses their potential applications in sensors, flexible electronics, tissue engineering, and wound dressing. Moreover, current challenges and prospects of such hydrogels are discussed. The main focus of this paper is on providing a deeper understanding of this growing field in terms of chemistry, physics, and associated properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pejman Heidarian
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - Abbas Z Kouzani
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - Akif Kaynak
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - Bahador Bahrami
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Mariana Paulino
- School of Engineering, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | | | - Russell J Varley
- Carbon Nexus at the Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dzhardimalieva GI, Yadav BC, Kudaibergenov SE, Uflyand IE. Basic Approaches to the Design of Intrinsic Self-Healing Polymers for Triboelectric Nanogenerators. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2594. [PMID: 33158271 PMCID: PMC7694280 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) as a revolutionary system for harvesting mechanical energy have demonstrated high vitality and great advantage, which open up great prospects for their application in various areas of the society of the future. The past few years have seen exponential growth in many new classes of self-healing polymers (SHPs) for TENGs. This review presents and evaluates the SHP range for TENGs, and also attempts to assess the impact of modern polymer chemistry on the development of advanced materials for TENGs. Among the most widely used SHPs for TENGs, the analysis of non-covalent (hydrogen bond, metal-ligand bond), covalent (imine bond, disulfide bond, borate bond) and multiple bond-based SHPs in TENGs has been performed. Particular attention is paid to the use of SHPs with shape memory as components of TENGs. Finally, the problems and prospects for the development of SHPs for TENGs are outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gulzhian I. Dzhardimalieva
- Laboratory of Metallopolymers, The Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russia;
- Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), 125993 Moscow, Russia
| | - Bal C. Yadav
- Nanomaterials and Sensors Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow 226025, India;
| | - Sarkyt E. Kudaibergenov
- Institute of Polymer Materials and Technology, Almaty 050019, Kazakhstan;
- Laboratory of Engineering Profile, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan
| | - Igor E. Uflyand
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, 344006 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kaynak A, Zolfagharian A. Functional Polymers in Sensors and Actuators: Fabrication and Analysis. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12071569. [PMID: 32679850 PMCID: PMC7408153 DOI: 10.3390/polym12071569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|