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Duong MT, Tebas P, Ancha B, Baron J, Chary P, Isaacs SN, Szep Z. Combination of Extended Antivirals With Antiretrovirals for Severe Mpox in Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Case Series of 4 Patients. Open Forum Infect Dis 2024; 11:ofae110. [PMID: 38486814 PMCID: PMC10939438 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofae110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
To gauge the safety and utility of extended tecovirimat/cidofovir for severe mpox, here we report our experience caring for 4 patients with mpox and advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at the Hospitals of the University of Pennsylvania during the 2022 global outbreak. Three patients had recurrent courses complicated by superinfections, coinfections and insufficient nutrition/housing, requiring extended tecovirimat (5-16 weeks) and cidofovir (1-12 doses) with probenecid and fluids. At follow-up, patients had undetectable HIV RNA on antiretrovirals, improved ulcers and stable renal function on antivirals. Serology guided cessation for one 7-month cidofovir course. Overall findings support a comprehensive approach of prolonged tecovirimat/cidofovir with antiretrovirals for severe mpox, while addressing social factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Duong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pablo Tebas
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bhavya Ancha
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jillian Baron
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pallavi Chary
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stuart N Isaacs
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zsofia Szep
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Lim SY, Jo HJ, Lee SY, Ahn M, Kim Y, Jeon J, Kim ES, Chin B, Choi JP, Kim NJ. Clinical Features of Mpox Patients in Korea: A Multicenter Retrospective Study. J Korean Med Sci 2024; 39:e19. [PMID: 38288533 PMCID: PMC10825456 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mpox is a viral illness with a characteristic skin rash caused by the monkeypox virus. In 2022, Mpox spread throughout the world, and an epidemic through domestic transmission started in South Korea in early 2023. This study aimed to summarize the clinical features of Mpox patients in South Korea. METHODS This is a multicenter retrospective study conducted at four hospitals in South Korea. All adult patients diagnosed with Mpox who were admitted to the study hospitals between June 1, 2022 and May 26, 2023 and were discharged by June 30, 2023 were reviewed. RESULTS Sixty patients were included, accounting for 65.9% of Mpox cases reported in South Korea during the study period. Median age was 32 years and 97% (58/60) of patients were male. In total, 85% (51/60) of patients reported their sexual orientation as homosexual or bisexual. The most common route of transmission was sexual or close contact (55/60). Every patient had a skin rash and 88% (53/60) had constitutional symptoms. In total, 42% (25/60) of patients had human immunodeficiency virus and 25% (15/60) had concomitant sexually transmitted infections. Severe manifestations of Mpox were identified in only two patients. CONCLUSION Mpox patients in South Korea were mainly young adult males and were infected through sexual contact. The clinical outcomes were favorable.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yun Lim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeon Jae Jo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su-Yeon Lee
- Division of Emerging Infectious Disease Response, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Miyoung Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeonjae Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaehyun Jeon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eu Suk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - BumSik Chin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Jae-Phil Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Nam Joong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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León-Figueroa DA, Barboza JJ, Valladares-Garrido MJ. Sources of information on monkeypox virus infection. A systematic review with meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:276. [PMID: 38263135 PMCID: PMC10807226 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17741-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monkeypox (Mpox) virus infection is a topic of growing interest today because of its potential public health impact and concern about possible outbreaks. Reliable and up-to-date sources of information that provide accurate data on its transmission, symptoms, prevention, and treatment are essential for understanding and effectively addressing this disease. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to determine the prevalence of sources of information on Mpox virus infection. METHODS An exhaustive systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out using the information available in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and ScienceDirect databases up to August 3, 2023. The data were analyzed using R software version 4.2.3. The quality of the cross-sectional studies that formed part of this review was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-MAStARI) tool. In addition, a subgroup analysis was performed based on the study populations. RESULTS Through electronic searches of five databases, a total of 1833 studies were identified. Twenty-four cross-sectional articles were included, with a total sample of 35,959 participants from 34 countries. The pooled prevalence of each of the included information sources was: social networks reached 59% (95% CI: 50-68%; 29,146 participants; 22 studies; I2 = 100%; p < 0.01); the Internet was 61% (95% CI: 44-77%; 14,002 participants; 5 studies; I2 = 100%; p < 0.01), radio reached 10% (95% CI: 07-13%; 8917 participants; 4 studies; I2 = 93%; p < 0.01), television accounted for 24% (95% CI: 09-43%; 14,896 participants; 8 studies; I2 = 100%; p < 0.01), and the combination of radio and television accounted for 45% (95% CI: 31-60%; 4207 participants; 7 studies; I2 = 99%; p < 0.01); for newspapers, it was 15% (95% CI: 05-27%; 2841 participants; 6 studies; I2 = 99%; p < 0.01), friends and relatives accounted for 19% (95% CI: 12-28%; 28,470 participants; 19 studies; I2 = 100%; p < 0.01), the World Health Organization (WHO) accounted for 17% (95% CI: 07-29%; 1656 participants; 3 studies; I2 = 97%; p < 0.01), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) accounted for 10% (95% CI: 03-21%; 2378 participants; 3 studies; I2 = 98%; p < 0.01), and the combination of WHO and CDC websites accounted for 60% (95% CI: 48-72%; 1828 participants; 4 studies; I2 = 96%; p < 0.01), and finally, scientific articles and journals accounted for 24% (95% CI: 16-33%; 16,775 participants; 13 studies; I2 = 99%; p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The study suggests that people access a variety of information sources to gain knowledge about Mpox virus infection, with a strong emphasis on online sources such as social networks and the Internet. However, it is important to note that the quality and accuracy of information available from these sources can vary, underscoring the need to promote access to reliable and up-to-date information about this disease to ensure public health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshuan J Barboza
- Unidad de Revisiones Sistemáticas y Meta-análisis, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, 15046, Lima, Peru
| | - Mario J Valladares-Garrido
- Universidad Continental, 15046, Lima, Peru.
- Oficina de Epidemiología, Hospital Regional Lambayeque, 14012, Chiclayo, Peru.
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León-Figueroa DA, Barboza JJ, Valladares-Garrido MJ, Sah R, Rodriguez-Morales AJ. Prevalence of intentions to receive monkeypox vaccine. A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:35. [PMID: 38166776 PMCID: PMC10763398 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17473-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunization, as a preventive strategy against infectious diseases, has consolidated its position as a fundamental pillar in the field of public health. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence of the intention to receive the monkeypox (Mpox) vaccine. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis of the available evidence was performed using five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and ScienceDirect) with a search strategy until July 24, 2023. Data analysis was performed in R software version 4.2.3. The quality of the included cross-sectional studies was assessed using the "JBI-MAStARI". In addition, a subgroup analysis by population and continent was developed. RESULTS Twenty-nine cross-sectional articles with a total sample of 52 658 participants were included. The pooled prevalence of intention to vaccinate against Mpox was 61% (95% CI: 53-69%; 52,658 participants; 29 studies; I2 = 100%). In the subgroup analysis, the intention to be vaccinated against Mpox according to continents was 64% (95% CI: 53-74%; 13,883 participants; 17 studies; I2 = 99%) in Asian countries, 43% (95% CI: 39-47%; 1538 participants; 3 studies; I2 = 53%) in African countries, 62% (95% CI: 45-78%; 35,811 participants; 6 studies; I2 = 99%) in European countries, and 63% (95% CI: 32-89%; 1426 participants; 3 studies; I2 = 99%) in American countries. In the subgroup analysis on the intention to be vaccinated against Mpox, according to study subjects, it was 54% (95% CI: 45-62%; 10,296 participants; 11 studies; I2 = 99%) in the general population, 57% (95% CI: 33-79%; 3333 participants; 10 studies; I2 = 99%) in health care workers, and 76% (95% CI: 70-82%; 39,029 participants; 8 studies; I2 = 98%) in the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex (LGBTI) community. In addition, as a secondary outcome, a prevalence of refusal of Mpox vaccination was found to be 22% (95% CI: 16-30%; 45,577 participants; 21 studies; I2 = 99%). CONCLUSION The study highlights the importance of recognizing regional and subgroup disparities in Mpox vaccine willingness and refusal. It emphasizes the importance of employing strategies to achieve widespread vaccination coverage and safeguard public health worldwide. TERMS USED Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-MAStARI), Prospective International Registry of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshuan J Barboza
- Unidad de Revisiones Sistemáticas y Meta-análisis, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, 15046, Peru
| | - Mario J Valladares-Garrido
- Universidad Continental, Lima, 15046, Peru.
- Oficina de Epidemiología, Hospital Regional Lambayeque, Chiclayo, 14012, Peru.
| | - Ranjit Sah
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, 411018, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, 411018, Maharashtra, India
| | - Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales
- Master of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, 15067, Peru
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, 1102, Lebanon
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De la Herrán-Arita AK, González-Galindo C, Inzunza-Leyva GK, Valdez-Flores MA, Norzagaray-Valenzuela CD, Camacho-Zamora A, Batiz-Beltrán JC, Urrea-Ramírez FJ, Romero-Utrilla A, Angulo-Rojo C, Guadrón-Llanos AM, Picos-Cárdenas VJ, Camberos-Barraza J, Rábago-Monzón ÁR, Osuna-Ramos JF. Clinical Predictors of Monkeypox Diagnosis: A Case-Control Study in a Nonendemic Region during the 2022 Outbreak. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2287. [PMID: 37764131 PMCID: PMC10535336 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Monkeypox (Mpox) is an emerging zoonotic disease with the potential for severe complications. Early identification and diagnosis are essential to prompt treatment, control its spread, and reduce the risk of human-to-human transmission. This study aimed to develop a clinical diagnostic tool and describe the clinical and sociodemographic features of 19 PCR-confirmed Mpox cases during an outbreak in a nonendemic region of northwestern Mexico. The median age of patients was 35 years, and most were male. Mpox-positive patients commonly reported symptoms such as fever, lumbago, and asthenia, in addition to experiencing painful ulcers and a high frequency of HIV infection among people living with HIV (PLWH). Two diagnostic models using logistic regression were devised, with the best model exhibiting a prediction accuracy of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.8-1), a sensitivity of 0.86, and a specificity of 0.93. The high predictive values and accuracy of the top-performing model highlight its potential to significantly improve early Mpox diagnosis and treatment in clinical settings, aiding in the control of future outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Kousuke De la Herrán-Arita
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 80019, Sinaloa, Mexico; (A.K.D.l.H.-A.); (M.A.V.-F.); (A.C.-Z.); (J.C.B.-B.); (F.J.U.-R.); (C.A.-R.); (A.M.G.-L.); (V.J.P.-C.); (Á.R.R.-M.)
| | | | - Gerardo Kenny Inzunza-Leyva
- Dirección de Prevención y Promoción de la Salud, Secretaría de Salud de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 80020, Sinaloa, Mexico;
| | - Marco Antonio Valdez-Flores
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 80019, Sinaloa, Mexico; (A.K.D.l.H.-A.); (M.A.V.-F.); (A.C.-Z.); (J.C.B.-B.); (F.J.U.-R.); (C.A.-R.); (A.M.G.-L.); (V.J.P.-C.); (Á.R.R.-M.)
| | | | - Alejandro Camacho-Zamora
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 80019, Sinaloa, Mexico; (A.K.D.l.H.-A.); (M.A.V.-F.); (A.C.-Z.); (J.C.B.-B.); (F.J.U.-R.); (C.A.-R.); (A.M.G.-L.); (V.J.P.-C.); (Á.R.R.-M.)
| | - José Candelario Batiz-Beltrán
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 80019, Sinaloa, Mexico; (A.K.D.l.H.-A.); (M.A.V.-F.); (A.C.-Z.); (J.C.B.-B.); (F.J.U.-R.); (C.A.-R.); (A.M.G.-L.); (V.J.P.-C.); (Á.R.R.-M.)
- Hospital Regional Dr. Manuel Cárdenas de la Vega, ISSSTE, Culiacán Rosales 80230, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Francisco Javier Urrea-Ramírez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 80019, Sinaloa, Mexico; (A.K.D.l.H.-A.); (M.A.V.-F.); (A.C.-Z.); (J.C.B.-B.); (F.J.U.-R.); (C.A.-R.); (A.M.G.-L.); (V.J.P.-C.); (Á.R.R.-M.)
- Hospital Regional Dr. Manuel Cárdenas de la Vega, ISSSTE, Culiacán Rosales 80230, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Romero-Utrilla
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Culiacán Rosales 80230, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Carla Angulo-Rojo
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 80019, Sinaloa, Mexico; (A.K.D.l.H.-A.); (M.A.V.-F.); (A.C.-Z.); (J.C.B.-B.); (F.J.U.-R.); (C.A.-R.); (A.M.G.-L.); (V.J.P.-C.); (Á.R.R.-M.)
- Maestría en Ciencias en Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 80019, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Alma Marlene Guadrón-Llanos
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 80019, Sinaloa, Mexico; (A.K.D.l.H.-A.); (M.A.V.-F.); (A.C.-Z.); (J.C.B.-B.); (F.J.U.-R.); (C.A.-R.); (A.M.G.-L.); (V.J.P.-C.); (Á.R.R.-M.)
- Doctorado en Ciencias en Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 80019, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Verónica Judith Picos-Cárdenas
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 80019, Sinaloa, Mexico; (A.K.D.l.H.-A.); (M.A.V.-F.); (A.C.-Z.); (J.C.B.-B.); (F.J.U.-R.); (C.A.-R.); (A.M.G.-L.); (V.J.P.-C.); (Á.R.R.-M.)
| | - Josué Camberos-Barraza
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 80019, Sinaloa, Mexico; (A.K.D.l.H.-A.); (M.A.V.-F.); (A.C.-Z.); (J.C.B.-B.); (F.J.U.-R.); (C.A.-R.); (A.M.G.-L.); (V.J.P.-C.); (Á.R.R.-M.)
| | - Ángel Radamés Rábago-Monzón
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 80019, Sinaloa, Mexico; (A.K.D.l.H.-A.); (M.A.V.-F.); (A.C.-Z.); (J.C.B.-B.); (F.J.U.-R.); (C.A.-R.); (A.M.G.-L.); (V.J.P.-C.); (Á.R.R.-M.)
| | - Juan Fidel Osuna-Ramos
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales 80019, Sinaloa, Mexico; (A.K.D.l.H.-A.); (M.A.V.-F.); (A.C.-Z.); (J.C.B.-B.); (F.J.U.-R.); (C.A.-R.); (A.M.G.-L.); (V.J.P.-C.); (Á.R.R.-M.)
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Saldana CS, Kelley CF, Aldred BM, Cantos VD. Mpox and HIV: a Narrative Review. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2023; 20:261-269. [PMID: 37178205 PMCID: PMC10182557 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-023-00661-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We reviewed the available literature on mpox in People with HIV (PWH). We highlight special considerations of mpox infection related to epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic and treatment considerations, prevention, and public health messaging in PWH. RECENT FINDINGS During the 2022 mpox outbreak, PWH were disproportionally impacted worldwide. Recent reports suggest that the disease presentation, management, and prognosis of these patients, especially those with advanced HIV disease, can widely differ from those without HIV-associated immunodeficiency. Mpox can often be mild and resolve on its own in PWH with controlled viremia and higher CD4 counts. However, it can be severe, with necrotic skin lesions and protracted healing; anogenital, rectal, and other mucosal lesions; and disseminated organ systems involvement. Higher rates of healthcare utilization are seen in PWH. Supportive, symptomatic care and single or combination mpox-directed antiviral drugs are commonly used in PWH with severe mpox disease. Data from randomized clinical control trials on the efficacy of therapeutic and preventive tools against mpox among PWH are needed to better guide clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos S Saldana
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Ponce de Leon Center, 341 Ponce de Leon Ave NE, Atlanta, GA, 30308, USA.
| | - Colleen F Kelley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Ponce de Leon Center, 341 Ponce de Leon Ave NE, Atlanta, GA, 30308, USA
| | - Bruce M Aldred
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Ponce de Leon Center, 341 Ponce de Leon Ave NE, Atlanta, GA, 30308, USA
| | - Valeria D Cantos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Ponce de Leon Center, 341 Ponce de Leon Ave NE, Atlanta, GA, 30308, USA
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7
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Barboza JJ, León-Figueroa DA, Saldaña-Cumpa HM, Valladares-Garrido MJ, Moreno-Ramos E, Sah R, Bonilla-Aldana DK, Rodriguez-Morales AJ. Virus Identification for Monkeypox in Human Seminal Fluid Samples: A Systematic Review. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:tropicalmed8030173. [PMID: 36977174 PMCID: PMC10057446 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8030173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Public health officials around the world are extremely concerned about the global outbreak of monkeypox (MPX), which has been claimed to have originated in Africa. As a result, studies into the origins and reasons behind the outbreak’s rapid spread have been sped up. The goal of the current investigation is to determine whether the monkeypox virus (MPXV) is present in seminal fluid samples from MPX cases that have been verified. Up until 6 January 2023, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and ScienceDirect databases were used to conduct a thorough evaluation of the literature. The search technique returned a total of 308 items. Fourteen studies reporting the presence of MPXV in the seminal fluid of MPX-confirmed cases were included after the duplicates (n = 158) and searches by title, abstract, and full text were eliminated. In 84 out of the 643 confirmed MPX cases (13.06% or n = 643), MPXV was discovered in seminal fluid. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to identify MPXV, and samples taken from skin lesions (96.27%), pharynx or oropharynx (30.48%), and blood all had higher positivity rates than other samples (12.44%). Additionally, 99.85% of respondents were male with a mean age of 36, 98.45% engaged in MSM (men who have sex with men) sexual conduct, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) accounted for 56.9% of all STD cases. This study offers proof that MPXV can be found in the seminal fluid of MPX sufferers. Our data imply that MPXV transmission is a possibility in these samples and that MSM are more vulnerable to it. The creation of hygienic standards is essential for the early identification of MPX cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshuan J. Barboza
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Trujillo 13007, Peru
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +51-99-2108-520
| | - Darwin A. León-Figueroa
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo 15011, Peru
- Centro de Investigación en Atención Primaria en Salud, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15102, Peru
| | - Hortencia M. Saldaña-Cumpa
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo 15011, Peru
- Centro de Investigación en Atención Primaria en Salud, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15102, Peru
| | - Mario J. Valladares-Garrido
- South American Center for Education and Research in Public Health, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima 15108, Peru
- Oficina de Epidemiología, Hospital Regional Lambayeque, Chiclayo 14012, Peru
| | - Emilly Moreno-Ramos
- División de Revisiones Sistemáticas y Meta-Análisis, Tau-Relaped Group, Trujillo 13007, Peru
| | - Ranjit Sah
- Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411018, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas-Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira 660003, Colombia
- Master of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima 15067, Peru
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102, Lebanon
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Ortiz-Saavedra B, Montes-Madariaga ES, Cabanillas-Ramirez C, Alva N, Ricardo-Martínez A, León-Figueroa DA, Barboza JJ, Mohanty A, Padhi BK, Sah R. Epidemiologic Situation of HIV and Monkeypox Coinfection: A Systematic Review. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:246. [PMID: 36851124 PMCID: PMC9965118 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The most recent monkeypox (Mpox) outbreak is mostly affecting men who have sex with men (MSM) who participate in high-risk sexual behaviors, which is typically the case among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) carriers, according to clinical and epidemiological statistics. The objective of this research is to determine the epidemiological situation of HIV and smallpox co-infection. Until 1 October 2022, a thorough evaluation of the literature was conducted utilizing the databases PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies were evaluated based on the criteria for selection. Fifty-three studies met the selection criteria. A total of 6345 confirmed cases of monkeypox were recorded, and 40.32% (n = 2558) of these cases also had HIV co-infection. In addition, 51.36% (n = 3259) of the men (91.44%; n = 5802), whose ages ranged from 18 to 71 years, exhibited MSM-specific sexual behaviors. Co-infection with these two viruses can be especially dangerous because it can exacerbate the symptoms of both diseases and make them more difficult to treat. People with HIV are more vulnerable to certain infections, including monkeypox, because their immune systems are weakened. Therefore, it is important that they take measures to prevent infection, such as avoiding contact with infected animals, risky behaviors, and maintaining good hygiene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brando Ortiz-Saavedra
- Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04000, Peru
- Unidad de Revisiones Sistemáticas y Meta-Análisis, Tau-Relaped Group, Trujillo 13001, Peru
| | - Elizbet S. Montes-Madariaga
- Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04000, Peru
- Unidad de Revisiones Sistemáticas y Meta-Análisis, Tau-Relaped Group, Trujillo 13001, Peru
| | | | - Niza Alva
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima 15023, Peru
| | | | - Darwin A. León-Figueroa
- Unidad de Revisiones Sistemáticas y Meta-Análisis, Tau-Relaped Group, Trujillo 13001, Peru
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo 14012, Peru
| | - Joshuan J. Barboza
- Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima 15046, Peru
| | - Aroop Mohanty
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur 273001, India
| | - Bijaya Kumar Padhi
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Ranjit Sah
- Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
- Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411018, India
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