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Wang X, Pan L, Wang F, Long F, Yang B, Tang D. Interventional effects of oral microecological agents on perioperative indicators of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1229177. [PMID: 37681033 PMCID: PMC10482437 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1229177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the efficacy of the application of microecological agents in patients with perioperative colorectal cancer. Methods The seven electronic databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Excerpt Medica Database (Embase), Web of Science (WOS), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wan-fang Database were systematically searched for eligible studies from 2000 to February 2023. Results A total of 38 randomized controlled clinical trials were included in this study, with a total of 1765 patients in the microecological preparation group and 1769 patients in the control group. All data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.4 and R 4.2.2 software. Meta-analysis showed that in the perioperative period of colorectal cancer, the microecological agents group reduced patients' adverse drug reactions, improved intestinal flora with Lactobacillus (SMD, 3.0858, [2.0197; 4.1520], p< 0. 0001), Bifidobacterium (SMD, 2.1551, [1.6145; 2.6956], p< 0.0001) and Escherichia coli (SMD, -1.1393, [-1.6247; -0.6538], p< 0.0001); protection of intestinal mucosal barrier function, endotoxin (SMD, -2.6850 [-4.1399; -1.2301], p=0.0003), DAO (SMD, -2.5916, [-3.4694; -1.7137], p<0.0001) and plasma D-lactate (SMD, -5.4726, [-9.8901; -1.0551], p= 0.0152), reduced inflammatory response, IL-6 (SMD, -3.1279 [-5.7706; -0.4852], p=0.0204) and CRP (SMD, -3.9698 [-7.6296; -0.3100], p=0.0335); improved the immune function of the organism, CD4+ (SMD, 1.5817 [1.0818; 2.0817], p< 0.0001), CD4+/CD8+ (SMD, 1.2938 [0.9693; 1.6183] p< 0.0001) and IgG (SMD, 1.1376 [0.2993; 1.9759] p=0.0078), improved short-term clinical efficacy, ORR (RR, 1.5105 [1.2306; 1.8541], p< 0.0001) and DCR (RR, 0.3896 [0.2620; 0.5795], p< 0.0001). Conclusion By increasing the number of beneficial flora such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium and decreasing the number of harmful flora such as Escherichia coli, the micro-ecological preparation group is beneficial in improving the ecological dysregulation in colorectal cancer patients receiving different treatments in the perioperative period. The microecological preparation group was able to reduce many types of adverse drug reactions, such as infections and gastrointestinal discomfort, compared to the control group. The microecological agents also reduced inflammatory responses, decreased the increase in harmful metabolites, enhanced patients' immune function, protected intestinal mucosal barrier function, and improved short-term clinical outcomes. Systematic review registration https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2023-4-0051/, identifier INPLASY202340051.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Wang
- The First College of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Lijun Pan
- Department of Medical Affairs, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Feiqing Wang
- Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Fengxi Long
- Development Planning Division, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Bing Yang
- Student Management Office, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Dongxin Tang
- Dean’s Office, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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Zheng Z, Hu Y, Tang J, Xu W, Zhu W, Zhang W. The implication of gut microbiota in recovery from gastrointestinal surgery. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1110787. [PMID: 36926517 PMCID: PMC10011459 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1110787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recovery from gastrointestinal (GI) surgery is often interrupted by the unpredictable occurrence of postoperative complications, including infections, anastomotic leak, GI dysmotility, malabsorption, cancer development, and cancer recurrence, in which the implication of gut microbiota is beginning to emerge. Gut microbiota can be imbalanced before surgery due to the underlying disease and its treatment. The immediate preparations for GI surgery, including fasting, mechanical bowel cleaning, and antibiotic intervention, disrupt gut microbiota. Surgical removal of GI segments also perturbs gut microbiota due to GI tract reconstruction and epithelial barrier destruction. In return, the altered gut microbiota contributes to the occurrence of postoperative complications. Therefore, understanding how to balance the gut microbiota during the perioperative period is important for surgeons. We aim to overview the current knowledge to investigate the role of gut microbiota in recovery from GI surgery, focusing on the crosstalk between gut microbiota and host in the pathogenesis of postoperative complications. A comprehensive understanding of the postoperative response of the GI tract to the altered gut microbiota provides valuable cues for surgeons to preserve the beneficial functions and suppress the adverse effects of gut microbiota, which will help to enhance recovery from GI surgery.
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Veziant J, Bonnet M, Occean BV, Dziri C, Pereira B, Slim K. Probiotics/Synbiotics to Reduce Infectious Complications after Colorectal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153066. [PMID: 35893922 PMCID: PMC9332115 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to assess to what extent probiotics/synbiotics reduce infectious complications after colorectal surgery and whether probiotics or synbiotics should be considered as perioperative measures preventing or reducing infectious complications after CRS and should be included in enhanced recovery programmes (ERP). Secondary aims were to answer practical questions precisely on the best formulation and the type and timing of probiotics or synbiotics in CRS. Method: This systematic review and quantitative meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Inclusion criteria were randomised trials comparing perioperative probiotics/synbiotics with a placebo or standard care in elective colorectal surgery. Exclusion criteria were non-randomised trials. Overall infectious complications and surgical site infections (SSIs including both deep abdominal infections and wound (skin or under the skin) infections) were the primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes were pulmonary and urinary infections, wound infections, and anastomotic leaks. The databases consulted were Medline, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, and Clinical Trials Register. Risk of bias was assessed according to the GRADE approach. The analysis calculated the random effects estimates risk ratio (RR) for each outcome. Results: 21 trials were included; 15 evaluated probiotics, and 6 evaluated synbiotics. There were significantly fewer infectious complications (risk ratio (RR) 0.59 [0.47–0.75], I2 = 15%) and fewer SSI (RR 0.70 [0.52–0.95], I2 = 0%) in the probiotic or synbiotic group. There were also significantly fewer pulmonary infections (RR 0.35 [0.20–0.63]) and urinary infections RR 0.41 [0.19–0.87]) as opposed to anastomotic leaks (RR 0.83 [0.47–1.48]) and wound infections (RR 0.74 [0.53–1.03]). Sensitivity analyses showed no significant difference between probiotics and synbiotics in reducing postoperative infections (RR 0.55 [0.42–0.73] versus RR 0.69 [0.42–1.13], p = 0.46). Conclusions: Based on the finding of this study, probiotics/synbiotics reduce infectious complications after colorectal surgery. The effect size was more pronounced for pulmonary and urinary infections. From a practical aspect, some of the questions related to formulations and duration of probiotics or synbiotics need to be answered before including them definitively in enhanced recovery after colorectal surgery programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Veziant
- Department of Digestive and Oncological Surgery, University Hospital Lille, 59000 Lille, France;
- The Francophone Group for Enhanced Recovery after Surgery, GRACE, 63110 Beaumont, France
- M2iSH UMR 1071 Inserm/Clermont Auvergne University, USC-INRAE 2018, CRNH, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Mathilde Bonnet
- M2iSH UMR 1071 Inserm/Clermont Auvergne University, USC-INRAE 2018, CRNH, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Bob V. Occean
- Department of Statistics, University Hospital, 30000 Nîmes, France;
| | - Chadly Dziri
- Honoris Medical Simulation Center, Tunis 1000, Tunisia;
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Department of Statistics, University Hospital CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Karem Slim
- The Francophone Group for Enhanced Recovery after Surgery, GRACE, 63110 Beaumont, France
- Department of Digestive Surgery, University Hospital CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Correspondence:
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Wang T, Zheng J, Dong S, Ismael M, Shan Y, Wang X, Lü X. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LS8 Ameliorates Azoxymethane/Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis-Associated Tumorigenesis in Mice via Regulating Gut Microbiota and Inhibiting Inflammation. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2022; 14:947-959. [PMID: 35788907 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09967-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota dysbiosis may promote the process of colorectal cancer (CRC). Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LS8 (LRL) is a potential gut microbiota regulating strain because it can produce a novel antimicrobial substance (like cycloalanopine). In addition, this probiotic had an inflammation-ameliorating effect on the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice. However, it is not known whether treatment with this probiotic could ameliorate colitis-associated CRC via regulating gut microbiota. In this study, a CRC mouse model was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of azoxymethane (AOM, 10 mg/kg) and followed by three 7-day cycles of 2% DSS administration. Results showed that LRL could inhibit tumor formation. Moreover, LRL enhanced the gut barrier by preventing goblet cell loss and promoting the expression of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1. Furthermore, LRL ameliorated gut microbiota dysbiosis, which was conducive to the growth of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Faecalibaculum and Akkermansia), and further led to an increase in SCFAs and a decrease in LPS. In addition, LRL alleviated colonic inflammation by inhibiting the overexpression of TLR4/NF-κB, pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-γ, and IL-17a), and chemokines (Cxcl1, Cxcl2, Cxcl3, Cxcl5, and Cxcl7). In conclusion, LRL could alleviate CRC by regulating gut microbiota and preventing gut barrier damage and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiaqi Zheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuchen Dong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mohamedelfaieh Ismael
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xin Lü
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Liu F, Duan M, Fu H, Zhao G, Han Y, Lan F, Ahmed Z, Cao G, Li Z, Ma D, Wang T. Orthopedic Surgery Causes Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis and Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction in Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease Patients: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study. Ann Surg 2022. [PMID: 35766370 DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000005489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate gut microbiota and intestinal barrier function changes after orthopedic surgery in elderly patients with either normal cognition (NC) or a prodromal Alzheimer disease phenotype (pAD) comprising either subjective cognitive decline (SCD) or amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Background: Homeostatic disturbances induced by surgical trauma and/or stress can potentially alter the gut microbiota and intestinal barrier function in elderly patients before and after orthopedic surgery. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 135 patients were subject to preoperative neuropsychological assessment and then classified into: NC (n=40), SCD (n=58), or aMCI (n=37). Their gut microbiota, bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide), tight junction (TJ) protein, and inflammatory cytokines in blood were measured before surgery and on postsurgical day 1, 3, and 7 (or before discharge). Results: The short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria were lower while the gram-negative bacteria, lipopolysaccharide and TJ were higher preoperatively in both the SCD and aMCI (pAD) groups compared with the NC group. After surgery, a decrease in SCFA-producing bacteria, and an increase in both gram-negative bacteria and plasma claudin were significant in the pAD groups relative to the NC group. SCFA-producing bacteria were negatively correlated with TJ and cytokines in pAD patients on postsurgical day 7. Furthermore, surgery-induced perioperative metabolic stress and inflammatory responses were associated with gut microbiota alterations. Conclusions: Surgery exacerbates both preexisting microbiota dysbiosis and intestinal barrier dysfunction in pAD patients, all of which may be associated with systemic inflammation and, in turn, may lead to further cognitive deterioration.
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Li J, Zhao J, Chai Y, Li W, Liu X, Chen Y. Astragalus polysaccharide protects sepsis model rats after cecum ligation and puncture. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1020300. [PMID: 36338128 PMCID: PMC9630579 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1020300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on septic rats, the present project applied APS at concentrations of 400, 600, and 800 mg/kg/d to rats for prophylactic administration for 7 d, and a rat sepsis model was constructed by the cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) method. Forty-eight rats were divided into six groups of eight each. Each experiment was repeated at least three times. Rat serum levels of VD3, 25(OH)D3, 1,25(OH)2D3, IL-6, TNF-α, CRP, sICAM-1, corticosterone (CORT), and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in each group were detected, and renal damage was observed by H&E. We also determined the protein expression of CYP27B1, CYP24A1, vitamin D receptor (VDR), steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), CYP21A2, CYP17A1, and CYP11B1. An operational taxonomic unit (OTU) was used to determine the gut microbiota diversity of septic rats after prophylactic administration and before modeling. Results revealed that APS markedly increased the contents of 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 but greatly decreased those of TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, sICAM-1, and CORT. APS alleviated renal tubular dilation and vascular congestion in rat kidneys and substantially reduced renal cell apoptosis. Moreover, the expression of CYP24A1, VDR, CYP11B1, CYP21A2, CYP17A1, STAR, and 3β-HSD in the kidneys of the H-APS group was substantially decreased compared to that of the model group, whereas CYP27B1 was markedly increased. GC-MS detection indicated a substantial increase in SCFAs and acetic acid content in the H-APS group versus model group. Through 16S sequencing, the abundance of genus and gut microbiota species increased in the APS groups compared to that of the control group. Taken together, APS increased the activity of the vitamin D axis, inhibited the production of inflammatory factors in the body, altered the structure of rat intestinal flora, and increased the amount of acetic acid and SCFAs in rats, thereby effectively hindering inflammation and organ damage in septic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Resource Institute for Chinese & Ethnic Materia Medica, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yihui Chai
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Wen Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- School of Marxism, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yunzhi Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yunzhi Chen,
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Cogo E, Elsayed M, Liang V, Cooley K, Guerin C, Psihogios A, Papadogianis P. Probiotics Evaluation in Oncological Surgery: A Systematic Review of 36 Randomized Controlled Trials Assessing 21 Diverse Formulations. Curr Oncol 2021; 28:5192-5214. [PMID: 34940074 PMCID: PMC8700227 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol28060435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Objectives were to evaluate probiotics safety and efficacy in oncological surgery. METHODS Systematic review methodology guided by Cochrane, PRISMA, SWiM, and CIOMS. Protocol registered on PROSPERO (CRD42018086168). RESULTS 36 RCTs (on 3305 participants) and 6 nonrandomized/observational studies were included, mainly on digestive system cancers. There was evidence of a beneficial effect on preventing infections, with 70% of RCTs' (21/30) direction of effect favoring probiotics. However, five RCTs (17%) favored controls for infections, including one trial with RR 1.57 (95% CI: 0.79, 3.12). One RCT that changed (balanced) its antibiotics protocol after enrolling some participants had mortality risk RR 3.55 (95% CI: 0.77, 16.47; 7/64 vs. 2/65 deaths). The RCT identified with the most promising results overall administered an oral formulation of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 + Lactobacillus plantarum + Bifidobacterium lactis BB-12 + Saccharomyces boulardii. Methodological quality appraisals revealed an overall substantial risk-of-bias, with only five RCTs judged as low risk-of-bias. CONCLUSIONS This large evidence synthesis found encouraging results from most formulations, though this was contrasted by potential harms from a few others, thus validating the literature that "probiotics" are not homogeneous microorganisms. Given microbiome developments and infections morbidity, further high-quality research is warranted using those promising probiotics identified herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Cogo
- Patterson Institute for Integrative Oncology Research, Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, 1255 Sheppard Ave. E., Toronto, ON M2K 1E2, Canada; (E.C.); (M.E.); (V.L.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (P.P.)
| | - Mohamed Elsayed
- Patterson Institute for Integrative Oncology Research, Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, 1255 Sheppard Ave. E., Toronto, ON M2K 1E2, Canada; (E.C.); (M.E.); (V.L.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (P.P.)
| | - Vivian Liang
- Patterson Institute for Integrative Oncology Research, Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, 1255 Sheppard Ave. E., Toronto, ON M2K 1E2, Canada; (E.C.); (M.E.); (V.L.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (P.P.)
| | - Kieran Cooley
- Patterson Institute for Integrative Oncology Research, Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, 1255 Sheppard Ave. E., Toronto, ON M2K 1E2, Canada; (E.C.); (M.E.); (V.L.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (P.P.)
- School of Public Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, Australia
- Pacific College of Health Sciences, San Diego, CA 92108, USA
- National Centre for Naturopathic Medicine, Southern Cross University, Lismore 2480, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Christilynn Guerin
- Patterson Institute for Integrative Oncology Research, Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, 1255 Sheppard Ave. E., Toronto, ON M2K 1E2, Canada; (E.C.); (M.E.); (V.L.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (P.P.)
| | - Athanasios Psihogios
- Patterson Institute for Integrative Oncology Research, Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, 1255 Sheppard Ave. E., Toronto, ON M2K 1E2, Canada; (E.C.); (M.E.); (V.L.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (P.P.)
- The Centre for Health Innovation, 429 MacLaren St., Ottawa, ON K2P 0M7, Canada
| | - Peter Papadogianis
- Patterson Institute for Integrative Oncology Research, Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, 1255 Sheppard Ave. E., Toronto, ON M2K 1E2, Canada; (E.C.); (M.E.); (V.L.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (P.P.)
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Li HY, Zhou DD, Gan RY, Huang SY, Zhao CN, Shang A, Xu XY, Li HB. Effects and Mechanisms of Probiotics, Prebiotics, Synbiotics, and Postbiotics on Metabolic Diseases Targeting Gut Microbiota: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093211. [PMID: 34579087 PMCID: PMC8470858 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases are serious threats to public health and related to gut microbiota. Probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics (PPSP) are powerful regulators of gut microbiota, thus possessing prospects for preventing metabolic diseases. Therefore, the effects and mechanisms of PPSP on metabolic diseases targeting gut microbiota are worth discussing and clarifying. Generally, PPSP benefit metabolic diseases management, especially obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The underlying gut microbial-related mechanisms are mainly the modulation of gut microbiota composition, regulation of gut microbial metabolites, and improvement of intestinal barrier function. Moreover, clinical trials showed the benefits of PPSP on patients with metabolic diseases, while the clinical strategies for gestational diabetes mellitus, optimal formula of synbiotics and health benefits of postbiotics need further study. This review fully summarizes the relationship between probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, and metabolic diseases, presents promising results and the one in dispute, and especially attention is paid to illustrates potential mechanisms and clinical effects, which could contribute to the next research and development of PPSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Yu Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (H.-Y.L.); (D.-D.Z.); (S.-Y.H.); (A.S.); (X.-Y.X.)
| | - Dan-Dan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (H.-Y.L.); (D.-D.Z.); (S.-Y.H.); (A.S.); (X.-Y.X.)
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China;
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Si-Yu Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (H.-Y.L.); (D.-D.Z.); (S.-Y.H.); (A.S.); (X.-Y.X.)
| | - Cai-Ning Zhao
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Ao Shang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (H.-Y.L.); (D.-D.Z.); (S.-Y.H.); (A.S.); (X.-Y.X.)
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (H.-Y.L.); (D.-D.Z.); (S.-Y.H.); (A.S.); (X.-Y.X.)
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (H.-Y.L.); (D.-D.Z.); (S.-Y.H.); (A.S.); (X.-Y.X.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-8733-2391
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Jin JQ, Jia XN, Xuan JY. Changes of intestinal flora and miR-10a expression after radical resection of colorectal cancer: Effect of microecological enteral nutrition intervention. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2021; 29:356-365. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v29.i7.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radical resection is an important method for the treatment of rectal cancer, but the imbalance of intestinal flora and changes in gene expression caused by surgery are not conducive to the improvement of prognosis. It is of great value to explore the changes of intestinal flora and related gene expression after surgery for the formulation of intervention measures.
AIM To investigate the changes in intestinal flora and microRNA-10a (miR-10a) expression after radical resection of colorectal cancer, and to analyze the effect of microecological enteral nutrition intervention.
METHODS From July 2017 to June 2020, 107 patients with colorectal cancer undergoing radical resection at our hospital were selected as research subjects. The intestinal flora and miR-10a expression changes of patients with different intestinal flora were compared, and the relationship between the intestinal flora, miR-10a expression, and dysbacteriosis was analyzed. Microecological enteral nutrition intervention was carried out for patients with intestinal flora disorders, and the intestinal flora and miR-10a expression of patients before and after the intervention were compared. Clinical data, intestinal flora, and miR-10a expression of patients with different curative effects were compared. Factors affecting the efficacy of microecological enteral nutrition intervention were analyzed, as well as the value of intestinal flora and miR-10a expression in evaluation of efficacy of microecological enteral nutrition intervention. The correlation between the intestinal flora and the expression of miR-10a in patients with dysbacteriosis was analyzed.
RESULTS The numbers of colonies of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Eubacterium, and miR-10a expression were higher in patients with normal flora after radical resection of colorectal cancer than those in patients with dysbacteriosis degrees Ⅰ and Ⅱ, and in patients with dysbacteriosis degree Ⅰ than in those with dysbacteriosis degree Ⅱ. The number of Enterococcus was lower in patients with normal flora after radical resection of colorectal cancer than in those with dysbacteriosis degrees Ⅰ and Ⅱ, and in patients with dysbacteriosis degree Ⅰ than in those with dysbacteriosis degree Ⅱ (P < 0.05). As the numbers of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Eubacterium, and the expression of miR-10a decreased, and the number of Enterococcus increased, the risk of dysbacteriosis in patients after radical resection of colorectal cancer increased (P < 0.05). The numbers of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Eubacterium and miR-10a expression were higher and the number of Enterococcus was lower in patients after microecological enteral nutrition intervention than in patients before intervention (P < 0.05). Age, Duke stage, numbers of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus and Eubacterium after intervention, and miR-10a expression were all significantly correlated with the efficacy of microecological enteral nutrition intervention (P < 0.05). After intervention, the areas under the curves of the intestinal flora and miR-10a expression in evaluating the efficacy of microecological enteral nutrition intervention were both > 0.7.
CONCLUSION The intestinal flora and miR-10a expression changes after radical resection of colorectal cancer are significantly related to the occurrence of dysbacteriosis. Microecological enteral nutrition intervention can effectively regulate the intestinal flora and miR-10a expression, and the intestinal flora and miR-10a expression can be used as indicators to evaluate the intervention efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Jin
- Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu 322000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xin-Neng Jia
- Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu 322000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jun-Yi Xuan
- Yiwu Central Hospital, Yiwu 322000, Zhejiang Province, China
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10
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Abstract
In recent years, the consumption of over-the-counter probiotics to promote health has grown rapidly worldwide and become an independent industry. In medicine, various studies have demonstrated that probiotics can help improve the immune system and intestinal health. They are usually safe, but in some rare cases, they may cause concerning adverse reactions. Although the use of probiotics has been widely popularized in the public, the results of many probiotic clinical trials are contradictory. Particularly in cancer patients, the feasibility of probiotic management providing benefits by targeting cancer and lessening anticancer side effects requires further investigation. This review summarizes the interactions between probiotics and the host as well as current knowledge on the pros and cons of utilizing probiotics in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanwu Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Runming Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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11
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Abstract
In recent years, with the further research on probiotics, probiotics may become an indispensable part in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the future. As one of the most common cancer, the incidence of CRC is still rising in developing countries. Nowadays, there are lacking in prevention methods with low side effect. Surgery and chemotherapy, as the main treatment of CRC, bring many complications and affect the quality of life of patients. Probiotics has provided new ideas to solve these problems. Probiotics have anti-inflammatory, immune-enhancing, tumor-suppressing and other beneficial effects. Probiotics may provide some safe and effective prevention strategies for CRC. In addition, probiotics can also reduce the complications of surgery and chemotherapy, and improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Target administration with probiotics or probiotics cooperated with TRAIL to treat CRC. This article aims to review the mechanisms of probiotics for the prevention and treatment of CRC, as well as specific ways to use probiotics, in order to provide more new strategies for the prevention and treatment of CRC in the future, and reduce the incidence of and improve the quality of life of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Tang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Linyu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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12
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Jianjun W, Xing W, Guozhong Y, Chuming Z, Jiang Y. Application of Exercised-based Pre-rehabilitation in Perioperative Period of Patients with Gastric Cancer. Open Med (Wars) 2019; 14:875-882. [PMID: 31844678 PMCID: PMC6884923 DOI: 10.1515/med-2019-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze the difference between exercised-based pre-rehabilitation and postoperative rapid rehabilitation of gastric cancer patients. Methods The clinical data of 120 patients who underwent surgical treatment between 2016 and 2018 in our hospital with pathologically confirmed gastric cancer were retrospectively reviewed. According to the different treatments during the perioperative period, they were divided into exercised-based pre-rehabilitation group and postoperative rapid rehabilitation group. Factor analysis was used to analyze pre-rehabilitation and postoperative rehabilitation of patients with gastric cancer after stress response, nutritional status, insulin resistance, and inflammatory response in patients with gastric cancer, and to further evaluate the value of pre-recovery accelerated postoperative recovery. Results The postoperative stress response, insulin resistance, and inflammatory response in the pre-rehabilitation group were lower than the conventional treatment group. The nutritional status was improved faster than the traditional treatment group. Exercised-based pre-rehabilitation for the rapid recovery of postoperative gastrointestinal function in patients with gastric cancer surgery has significant value. Conclusion Exercised-based pre-rehabilitation has great significance for the accelerated rehabilitation of patients with gastric cancer during perioperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Jianjun
- Liyang People's Hospital, Liyang, 213300, China
| | - Wu Xing
- Liyang People's Hospital, Liyang, 213300, China
| | | | - Zhu Chuming
- Liyang People's Hospital, Liyang, 213300, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Liyang People's Hospital, Liyang, 213300, China
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