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Rodríguez-López P, Barrenengoa AE, Pascual-Sáez S, Cabo ML. Efficacy of Synthetic Furanones on Listeria monocytogenes Biofilm Formation. Foods 2019; 8:E647. [PMID: 31817522 PMCID: PMC6963563 DOI: 10.3390/foods8120647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Furanones are analogues of acylated homoserine lactones with proven antifouling activity in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria though the interference of various quorum sensing pathways. In an attempt to find new strategies to prevent and control Listeria monocytogenes biofilm formation on stainless steel (SS) surfaces, different concentrations of six synthetic furanones were applied on biofilms formed by strains isolated from food, environmental, and clinical sources grown onto AISI 316 SS coupons. Among the furanones tested, (Z-)-4-Bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-2(5H)-furanone and 3,4-Dichloro-2(5H)-furanone significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the adhesion capacity (>1 log CFU cm-2) in 24 h treated biofilms. Moreover, individually conducted experiments demonstrated that (Z-)-4-Bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-2(5H)-furanone was able to not only significantly (p < 0.05) prevent L. monocytogenes adhesion but also to reduce the growth rate of planktonic cells up to 48 h in a dose-dependent manner. LIVE/DEAD staining followed by epifluorescence microscopy visualisation confirmed these results show an alteration of the structure of the biofilm in furanone-treated samples. Additionally, it was demonstrated that 20 µmol L-1 of 3,4-Dichloro-2(5H)-furanone dosed at 0, 24 and 96 h was able to maintain a lower level of adhered cells (>1 log CFU cm-2; p < 0.05). Since furanones do not pose a selective pressure on bacteria, these results represent an appealing novel strategy for the prevention of L. monocytogenes biofilm grown onto SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Rodríguez-López
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Technology of Marine Products (MICROTEC), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), C/Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain; (P.R.-L.); (A.E.B.); (S.P.-S.)
- Department of Food and Drug, Università di Parma, Strada del Taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Andrea Emparanza Barrenengoa
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Technology of Marine Products (MICROTEC), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), C/Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain; (P.R.-L.); (A.E.B.); (S.P.-S.)
| | - Sergio Pascual-Sáez
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Technology of Marine Products (MICROTEC), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), C/Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain; (P.R.-L.); (A.E.B.); (S.P.-S.)
| | - Marta López Cabo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Technology of Marine Products (MICROTEC), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), C/Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain; (P.R.-L.); (A.E.B.); (S.P.-S.)
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Coorey R, Ng DSH, Jayamanne VS, Buys EM, Munyard S, Mousley CJ, Njage PMK, Dykes GA. The Impact of Cooling Rate on the Safety of Food Products as Affected by Food Containers. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 17:827-840. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ranil Coorey
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences; Curtin Univ.; Bentley Western Australia 6102 Australia
| | - Denise Sze Hu Ng
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences; Curtin Univ.; Bentley Western Australia 6102 Australia
| | - Vijith S. Jayamanne
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture; Univ. of Ruhuna; Kamburupitiya 81100 Sri Lanka
| | - Elna M. Buys
- Dept. of Food Science; Univ. of Pretoria; Private Bag x 20 Hatfield Pretoria 0028 South Africa
| | - Steve Munyard
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences; Curtin Univ.; Bentley Western Australia 6102 Australia
| | - Carl J. Mousley
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and CHIRI Biosciences Research Precinct; Curtin Univ.; Bentley Western Australia 6102 Australia
| | - Patrick M. K. Njage
- Div. for Epidemiology and Microbial Genomics, Natl. Food Inst.; Technical Univ. of Denmark; PO Box, 2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark
| | - Gary A. Dykes
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences; Curtin Univ.; Bentley Western Australia 6102 Australia
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Nowak J, Cruz CD, Palmer J, Fletcher GC, Flint S. Biofilm formation of the L. monocytogenes strain 15G01 is influenced by changes in environmental conditions. J Microbiol Methods 2015; 119:189-95. [PMID: 26524221 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2015.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes 15G01, a strain belonging to the persistent pulsotype 5132, was isolated from a seafood processing plant in New Zealand. Simple monoculture assays using crystal violet staining showed good biofilm formation for this strain and it was therefore chosen to be further investigated in regard to its biofilm forming ability. To evaluate its behaviour in different conditions commonly encountered in food processing environments, biofilm assays and growth studies were performed using common laboratory media under a range of temperatures (20 °C, 30 °C and 37 °C). Furthermore, the effects of incubation time and different environmental conditions including static, dynamic and anaerobic incubation on biofilm formation were investigated. Changes in the environmental conditions resulted in different biofilm phenotypes of L. monocytogenes 15G01. We demonstrated that increasing temperature and incubation time led to a higher biofilm mass and that dynamic incubation has little effect on biofilm formation at 37 °C but encourages biofilm formation at 30 °C. Biofilm production at 20 °C was minimal regardless of the medium used. We furthermore observed that anaerobic environment led to reduced biofilm mass at 30 °C for all tested media but not at 37 °C. Biofilm formation could not be narrowed down to one factor but was rather dependent on multiple factors with temperature and medium having the biggest effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessika Nowak
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Mt Albert, Auckland, New Zealand; Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| | - Cristina D Cruz
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Mt Albert, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jon Palmer
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Graham C Fletcher
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Mt Albert, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Steve Flint
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Saá Ibusquiza P, Nierop Groot M, Debán-Valles A, Abee T, den Besten HM. Impact of growth conditions and role of sigB on Listeria monocytogenes fitness in single and mixed biofilms cultured with Lactobacillus plantarum. Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Shen Q, Jangam PM, Soni KA, Nannapaneni R, Schilling W, Silva JL. Low, medium, and high heat tolerant strains of Listeria monocytogenes and increased heat stress resistance after exposure to sublethal heat. J Food Prot 2014; 77:1298-307. [PMID: 25198590 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-13-423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A group of 37 strains representing all 13 serotypes of Listeria monocytogenes with an initial cell density of 10(7) CFU/ml were analyzed for their heat tolerance at 60°C for 10 min. These L. monocytogenes strains were categorized into three heat tolerance groups: low (<2 log CFU/ml survival), medium (2 to 4 log CFU/ml survival), and high (4 to 6 log CFU/ml survival). Serotype 1/2a strains had relatively low heat tolerance; seven of the eight tested strains were classified as low heat tolerant. Of the two serotype 1/2b strains tested, one was very heat sensitive (not detectable) and the other was very heat resistant (5.4 log CFU/ml survival). Among the 16 serotype 4b strains, survival ranged from not detectable to 4 log CFU/ml. When one L. monocytogenes strain from each heat tolerance group was subjected to sublethal heat stress at 48°C for 30 or 60 min, the survival of heat-stressed cells at 60°C for 10 min increased by 5 log CFU/ml (D60°C-values nearly doubled) compared with the nonstressed control cells. Sublethal heat stress at 48°C for 60 or 90 min increased the lag phase of L. monocytogenes in tryptic soy broth supplemented with 0.6% yeast extract at room temperature by 3 to 5 h compared with nonstressed control cells. The heat stress adaptation in L. monocytogenes was reversed after 2 h at room temperature but was maintained for up to 24 h at 4°C. Our results indicate a high diversity in heat tolerance among strains of L. monocytogenes, and once acquired this heat stress adaptation persists after cooling, which should be taken into account while conducting risk analyses for this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Shen
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, P.O. Box 9805, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - Priyanka M Jangam
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, P.O. Box 9805, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - Kamlesh A Soni
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, P.O. Box 9805, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - Ramakrishna Nannapaneni
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, P.O. Box 9805, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA.
| | - Wes Schilling
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, P.O. Box 9805, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - Juan L Silva
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, P.O. Box 9805, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
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Teh KH, Flint S, Palmer J, Andrewes P, Bremer P, Lindsay D. Biofilm − An unrecognised source of spoilage enzymes in dairy products? Int Dairy J 2014; 34:32-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Wang H, Ye K, Wei X, Cao J, Xu X, Zhou G. Occurrence, antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation of Salmonella isolates from a chicken slaughter plant in China. Food Control 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Nicholas R, Dunton P, Tatham A, Fielding L. The effect of ozone and open air factor on surface-attached and biofilm environmental Listeria monocytogenes. J Appl Microbiol 2013; 115:555-64. [PMID: 23621101 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM The effects of gaseous ozone and open air factor (OAF) on environmental Listeria monocytogenes attached to three common food contact surfaces were investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS Listeria monocytogenes on different food contact surfaces was treated with ozone and OAF. Microbiological counts, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were performed. Ozone at 10 ppm gave <1-log reduction when L. monocytogenes was attached to stainless steel, while 45 ppm gave a log reduction of 3.41. OAF gave better log reductions than 10 ppm ozone, but lower log reductions than 45 ppm. Significant differences were found between surfaces. Biofilm organisms were significantly more resistant than those surface attached on stainless steel. SEM and AFM demonstrated different membrane and cell surface modifications following ozone or OAF treatment. CONCLUSIONS The strain used demonstrated higher resistance to ozone than previous studies. This may be due to the fact that it was isolated from a food manufacturing premises that used oxidizing disinfectants. OAF was more effective at reducing the levels of the organism than an ozone concentration of 10 ppm. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Pathogen management strategies must account for resistance of environmental strains when validating cleaning and disinfection. OAF has shown potential for surface decontamination compared with ozone. SEM and AFM are valuable tools for determining mechanisms of action of antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nicholas
- Food Safety and Nutrition Research Group, Cardiff School of Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
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Buncic S, Nychas GJ, Lee MR, Koutsoumanis K, Hébraud M, Desvaux M, Chorianopoulos N, Bolton D, Blagojevic B, Antic D. Microbial pathogen control in the beef chain: recent research advances. Meat Sci 2014; 97:288-97. [PMID: 23688797 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Within a recent EU research project ("ProSafeBeef"), research on foodborne pathogens in the beef chain was conducted by using a longitudinally integrated (fork-to-farm) approach. There is not any "single intervention-single chain point" combination by which the pathogens would be reliably and entirely eliminated from the chain resulting in total prevention of pathogens in beef and products thereof at the consumption time. Rather, a range of control interventions have to be applied at multiple points of the chain, so to achieve an acceptable, ultimate risk reduction. Various novel interventions were developed and evaluated during the project, and are briefly summarized in this paper. They include on-farm measures, risk categorisation of cattle presented for slaughter, hygiene-based measures and antimicrobial treatments applied on hides and/or carcasses during cattle slaughter, those applied during beef processing-storage-distribution, use of Time Temperature Integrator-based indicators of safety, and effective sanitation of surfaces.
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Skovager A, Whitehead K, Siegumfeldt H, Ingmer H, Verran J, Arneborg N. Influence of flow direction and flow rate on the initial adhesion of seven Listeria monocytogenes strains to fine polished stainless steel. Int J Food Microbiol 2012; 157:174-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Revised: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Saá Ibusquiza P, Herrera JJ, Vázquez-Sánchez D, Cabo ML. Adherence kinetics, resistance to benzalkonium chloride and microscopic analysis of mixed biofilms formed by Listeria monocytogenes and Pseudomonas putida. Food Control 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Szlavik J, Paiva DS, Mørk N, van den Berg F, Verran J, Whitehead K, Knøchel S, Nielsen DS. Initial adhesion of Listeria monocytogenes to solid surfaces under liquid flow. Int J Food Microbiol 2011; 152:181-8. [PMID: 21968113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Revised: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 09/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Some strains of the food borne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes persist in food processing environments. The exact reason behind this phenomenon is not known, but strain differences in the ability to adhere to solid surfaces could offer an explanation. In the present work, initial adhesion of nine strains of L. monocytogenes was investigated under liquid flow at two levels of shear stress on six different surfaces using a flow chamber set-up with microscopy measurements. The surfaces tested were glass and PVC, and glass coated with beef extract, casein, and homogenised and unhomogenised milk. In addition, the effect of prior environmental stress (5% NaCl, low nutrient availability) on initial adhesion was investigated. The hydrophobicity of the investigated surfaces was determined by contact angle measurements and the surface properties of the investigated L. monocytogenes strains were determined using Microbial Adhesion To Solvents (MATS). All surfaces with the exception of PVC were found to be hydrophilic. Strain differences were found to significantly influence the initial adhesion rate (IAR) of all nine strains to all the surfaces (p<0.05) at both low and high shear stress. Furthermore, there was a significant effect of the surfaces tested (p<0.05) in the adhesion ability of almost all strains. The IAR was affected by flow rate (shear stress) as seen by a decrease in adhesion at high shear stress for most strains. A significant effect of interactions between strain-surface and strain-shear stress (p<0.001) was observed but not of interactions between surface-shear stress. No correlation between surface hydrophobicity and IAR was observed. Addition of 5% NaCl during propagation resulted in a decrease in IAR whilst propagation in low nutrient media caused an increase indicating a general change in surface characteristics under these conditions. Known persisting strains did not display general better adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Szlavik
- Department of Food Science, Food Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Saá Ibusquiza P, Herrera JJR, Cabo ML. Comparison between the resistance of benzalkonium chloride-adapted and -nonadapted biofilms of Listeria monocyogenes to modified atmosphere packaging and nisin once transferred to mussels. J Food Prot 2011; 74:1112-8. [PMID: 21740713 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-10-486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Benzalkonium chloride-adapted and -nonadapted Listeria monocytogenes biofilm cells were transferred by contact to cooked or live mussels and packed in rich CO(2) and O(2), respectively. The viabilities of transferred cells during storage of these packed samples at 2.5 °C were compared. In addition, in cooked mussels the combined effect of CO(2) and nisin against the survival of L. monocytogenes was also studied by using a first-order factorial design. The results obtained demonstrated that biofilms formed by benzalkonium chloride-adapted L. monocytogenes cells could be more resistant to the application of modified atmospheres rich in CO(2) and nisin once they have been transferred to cooked mussels by contact (simulating cross-contamination). This implies an increase in the risk associated with the presence of these cells in food processing plants. Significant empirical equations obtained after 7, 11, and 20 days showed an inhibitory effect of CO(2) and nisin against L. monocytogenes. However, a significant positive interaction between both variables highlights an incompatibility between CO(2) and nisin at high concentrations. Results also demonstrated that L. monocytogenes could persist after cross-contamination during the processing of live mussels, so L. monocytogenes is of concern as a contaminant in live mussels packaged in high-O(2) atmospheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Saá Ibusquiza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (C.S.I.C.), Eduardo Cabello, 6. 36208 Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
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Saá Ibusquiza P, Herrera JJR, Cabo ML. Resistance to benzalkonium chloride, peracetic acid and nisin during formation of mature biofilms by Listeria monocytogenes. Food Microbiol 2010; 28:418-25. [PMID: 21356446 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2010.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2010] [Revised: 09/10/2010] [Accepted: 09/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Increase of resistance to the application of benzalkonium chloride (BAC), peracetic acid (PA) and nisin during biofilm formation at 25 °C by three strains of Listeria monocytogenes (CECT 911, CECT 4032, CECT 5873 and BAC-adapted CECT 5873) in different scenarios was compared. For this purpose, resistance after 4 and 11-days of biofilm formation was quantified in terms of lethal dose 90% values (LD(90)), determined according with a dose-response logistic mathematical model. Microscopic analyses after 4 and 11-days of L. monocytogenes biofilm formation were also carried out. Results demonstrated a relation between the microscopic structure and the resistance to the assayed biocides in matured biofilms. The worst cases being biofilms formed by the strain 4032 (in both stainless steel and polypropylene), which showed a complex "cloud-type" structure that correlates with the highest resistance of this strain against the three biocides during biofilm maturation. However, that increase in resistance and complexity appeared not to be dependent on initial bacterial adherence, thus indicating mature biofilms rather than planctonic cells or early-stage biofilms must be considered when disinfection protocols have to be optimized. PA seemed to be the most effective of the three disinfectants used for biofilms. We hypothesized both its high oxidizing capacity and low molecular size could suppose an advantage for its penetration inside the biofilm. We also demonstrated that organic material counteract with the biocides, thus indicating the importance of improving cleaning protocols. Finally, by comparing strains 5873 and 5873 adapted to BAC, several adaptative cross-responses between BAC and nisin or peracetic acid were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Saá Ibusquiza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (C.S.I.C.). Eduardo Cabello, 6. 36208 Vigo, (Pontevedra), Spain
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