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Beylerli O, Ilyasova T, Shi H, Sufianov A. MicroRNAs in meningiomas: Potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:641-648. [PMID: 38577017 PMCID: PMC10987300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Meningiomas, characterized primarily as benign intracranial or spinal tumors, present distinctive challenges due to their variable clinical behavior, with certain cases exhibiting aggressive features linked to elevated morbidity and mortality. Despite their prevalence, the underlying molecular mechanisms governing the initiation and progression of meningiomas remain insufficiently understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small endogenous non-coding RNAs orchestrating post-transcriptional gene expression, have garnered substantial attention in this context. They emerge as pivotal biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets, offering innovative avenues for managing meningiomas. Recent research delves into the intricate mechanisms by which miRNAs contribute to meningioma pathogenesis, unraveling the molecular complexities of this enigmatic tumor. Meningiomas, originating from arachnoid meningothelial cells and known for their gradual growth, constitute a significant portion of intracranial tumors. The clinical challenge lies in comprehending their progression, particularly factors associated with brain invasion and heightened recurrence rates, which remain elusive. This comprehensive review underscores the pivotal role of miRNAs, accentuating their potential to advance our comprehension of meningioma biology. Furthermore, it suggests promising directions for developing diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic interventions, holding the promise of markedly improved patient outcomes in the face of this intricate and variable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozal Beylerli
- Central Research Laboratory, Bashkir State Medical University, Republic of Bashkortostan, 3 Lenin Street, Ufa, 450008, Russia
| | - Tatiana Ilyasova
- Department of Internal Diseases, Bashkir State Medical University, Republic of Bashkortostan 450008, Ufa, Russia
| | - Huaizhang Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Albert Sufianov
- Educational and Scientific Institute of Neurosurgery, Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
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2
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Hassan M, Shahzadi S, Iqbal MS, Yaseeen Z, Kloczkowski A. Exploration of microRNAs as transcriptional regulator in mumps virus infection through computational studies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18850. [PMID: 39143101 PMCID: PMC11324793 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67717-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Mumps is a common childhood infection caused by the mumps virus (MuV). Aseptic meningitis and encephalitis are usual symptoms of mumps together with orchitis and oophoritis that can arise in males and females, respectively. We have used computational tools: RNA22, miRanda and psRNATarget to predict the microRNA-mRNA binding sites to find the putative microRNAs playing role in the host response to mumps virus infection. Our computational studies indicate that hsa-mir-3155a is most likely involved in mumps infection. This was further investigated by the prediction of binding sites of hsa-mir-3155a to the MuV genome. Additionally, structure prediction using MC-Fold and MC-Sym, respectively has been applied to predict the 3D structures of miRNA and mRNA. The miRNA-mRNA interaction profile between has been confirmed through molecular docking simulation studies. Taken together, the putative miRNA (hsa_miR_6794_5p) has been found to be most likely involved in the regulation of transcriptional activity in the MuV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubashir Hassan
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Saba Shahzadi
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Zainab Yaseeen
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology (FOST), University of Central Punjab, Johar Town, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Andrzej Kloczkowski
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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3
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Abou Madawi NA, Darwish ZE, Omar EM. Targeted gene therapy for cancer: the impact of microRNA multipotentiality. Med Oncol 2024; 41:214. [PMID: 39088082 PMCID: PMC11294399 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02450-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a life-threatening disease and its management is difficult due to its complex nature. Cancer is characterized by genomic instability and tumor-associated inflammation of the supporting stoma. With the advances in omics science, a treatment strategy for cancer has emerged, which is based on targeting cancer-driving molecules, known as targeted therapy. Gene therapy, a form of targeted therapy, is the introduction of nucleic acids into living cells to replace a defective gene, promote or repress gene expression to treat a disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that regulate gene expression and thus are involved in physiological processes like cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell death. miRNAs control the actions of many genes. They are deregulated in cancer and their abnormal expression influences genetic and epigenetic alterations inducing carcinogenesis. In this review, we will explain the role of miRNAs in normal and abnormal gene expression and their usefulness in monitoring cancer patients. Besides, we will discuss miRNA-based therapy as a method of gene therapy and its impact on the success of cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan A Abou Madawi
- Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion Street, Azarita, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Zeinab E Darwish
- Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion Street, Azarita, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Enas M Omar
- Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champollion Street, Azarita, 21521, Alexandria, Egypt
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4
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Qahwaji R, Ashankyty I, Sannan NS, Hazzazi MS, Basabrain AA, Mobashir M. Pharmacogenomics: A Genetic Approach to Drug Development and Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:940. [PMID: 39065790 PMCID: PMC11279827 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The majority of the well-known pharmacogenomics research used in the medical sciences contributes to our understanding of medication interactions. It has a significant impact on treatment and drug development. The broad use of pharmacogenomics is required for the progress of therapy. The main focus is on how genes and an intricate gene system affect the body's reaction to medications. Novel biomarkers that help identify a patient group that is more or less likely to respond to a certain medication have been discovered as a result of recent developments in the field of clinical therapeutics. It aims to improve customized therapy by giving the appropriate drug at the right dose at the right time and making sure that the right prescriptions are issued. A combination of genetic, environmental, and patient variables that impact the pharmacokinetics and/or pharmacodynamics of medications results in interindividual variance in drug response. Drug development, illness susceptibility, and treatment efficacy are all impacted by pharmacogenomics. The purpose of this work is to give a review that might serve as a foundation for the creation of new pharmacogenomics applications, techniques, or strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowaid Qahwaji
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia; (R.Q.); (I.A.); (M.S.H.); (A.A.B.)
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibraheem Ashankyty
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia; (R.Q.); (I.A.); (M.S.H.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Naif S. Sannan
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ar Rimayah, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia;
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah 22384, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohannad S. Hazzazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia; (R.Q.); (I.A.); (M.S.H.); (A.A.B.)
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar A. Basabrain
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia; (R.Q.); (I.A.); (M.S.H.); (A.A.B.)
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Mobashir
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Taeb S, Rostamzadeh D, Amini SM, Rahmati M, Eftekhari M, Safari A, Najafi M. MicroRNAs targeted mTOR as therapeutic agents to improve radiotherapy outcome. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:233. [PMID: 38965615 PMCID: PMC11229485 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03420-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that regulate genes and are involved in various biological processes, including cancer development. Researchers have been exploring the potential of miRNAs as therapeutic agents in cancer treatment. Specifically, targeting the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway with miRNAs has shown promise in improving the effectiveness of radiotherapy (RT), a common cancer treatment. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of miRNAs targeting mTOR as therapeutic agents to enhance RT outcomes in cancer patients. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the specific miRNAs that target mTOR and their impact on radiosensitivity for personalized cancer treatment approaches. The review also discusses the role of mTOR in cell homeostasis, cell proliferation, and immune response, as well as its association with oncogenesis. It highlights the different ways in which miRNAs can potentially affect the mTOR pathway and their implications in immune-related diseases. Preclinical findings suggest that combining mTOR modulators with RT can inhibit tumor growth through anti-angiogenic and anti-vascular effects, but further research and clinical trials are needed to validate the efficacy and safety of using miRNAs targeting mTOR as therapeutic agents in combination with RT. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of the potential of miRNAs targeting mTOR to enhance RT efficacy in cancer treatment and emphasizes the need for further research to translate these findings into improved clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Taeb
- Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Davoud Rostamzadeh
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Seyed Mohammad Amini
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rahmati
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mohammad Eftekhari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Arash Safari
- Department of Radiology, Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, 71439-14693, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
- Medical Biology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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6
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Xie W, Wang Z, Wang J, Wang X, Guan H. Investigating the molecular mechanisms of microRNA‑409‑3p in tumor progression: Towards targeted therapeutics (Review). Int J Oncol 2024; 65:67. [PMID: 38757364 PMCID: PMC11155714 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of non‑coding RNAs that exert master regulatory functions in post‑-transcriptional gene expression. Accumulating evidence shows that miRNAs can either promote or suppress tumorigenesis by regulating different target genes or pathways and may be involved in the occurrence of carcinoma. miR‑409‑3p is dysregulated in a variety of malignant cancers. It plays a fundamental role in numerous cellular biological processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, autophagy, angiogenesis and glycolysis. In addition, studies have shown that miR‑409‑3p is expected to become a non‑invasive biomarker. Identifying the molecular mechanisms underlying miR‑409‑3p‑mediated tumor progression will help investigate miR‑409‑3p‑based targeted therapy for human cancers. The present review comprehensively summarized the recently published literature on miR‑409‑3p, with a focus on the regulation and function of miR‑409‑3p in various types of cancer, and discussed the clinical implications of miR‑409‑3p, providing new insight for the diagnosis and treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Junke Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Xiu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Hongzai Guan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
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Osiriphan M, Insukhin C, Anuchapreeda S, Khamphikham P, Duangmano S. MicroRNA‑223 overexpression suppresses protein kinase C ε expression in human leukemia stem cell‑like KG‑1a cells. Mol Clin Oncol 2024; 21:48. [PMID: 38881704 PMCID: PMC11176719 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2024.2746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-223 (miR-223) is dysregulated in various cancer types, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Despite this, there has been a lack of studies exploring the role of miR-223 in leukemic stem cells, particularly those involved in drug resistance, a major cause of chemotherapy failure in AML. The present study aimed to elucidate the impact of miR-223 on drug resistance in the leukemic stem-cell line, KG-1a. Two AML cell lines, KG-1 and KG-1a, differing in the proportion of CD34+CD38- cells, were assessed for doxorubicin (DOX) sensitivity using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. The expression levels of miR-223 and protein kinase C ε (PKCε) were evaluated via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis. The association between miR-223 and its target, PKCε, was confirmed by luciferase activity assay. The effects of miR-223 overexpression and PKCε inhibition were also evaluated in KG-1a cells using miR-223 mimic and small interfering (si)RNA transfection, respectively. Daunorubicin was then used to assess drug sensitivity in the siRNA-transfected KG-1a cells. Compared with KG-1 cells, KG-1a cells displayed greater resistance to DOX, and had increased PKCε levels and decreased miR-223 expression. Overexpression of miR-223 led to PKCε protein downregulation in KG-1a cells, which was further confirmed by a luciferase assay demonstrating miR-223 targeting of PKCε. However, despite these effects, miR-223 overexpression and PKCε inhibition did not change drug sensitivity in KG-1a cells compared with negative control cells. In summary, the present study demonstrated that miR-223 could target and silence PKCε expression in KG-1a cells; however, the chemoresistance of KG-1a cells to anthracycline drugs may not be directly associated with the low expression of miR-223.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallika Osiriphan
- Division of Clinical Microscopy, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Master's Degree Program in Medical Technology (under the Chiang Mai University Presidential Scholarship), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Charapat Insukhin
- Division of Clinical Microscopy, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Songyot Anuchapreeda
- Division of Clinical Microscopy, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cancer Research Unit of Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Hematology and Health Technology Research Center, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pinyaphat Khamphikham
- Division of Clinical Microscopy, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Hematology and Health Technology Research Center, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Suwit Duangmano
- Division of Clinical Microscopy, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Cancer Research Unit of Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Hematology and Health Technology Research Center, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Mueang Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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8
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Mohammad T, Zolotovskaia MA, Suntsova MV, Buzdin AA. Cancer fusion transcripts with human non-coding RNAs. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1415801. [PMID: 38919532 PMCID: PMC11196610 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1415801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer chimeric, or fusion, transcripts are thought to most frequently appear due to chromosomal aberrations that combine moieties of unrelated normal genes. When being expressed, this results in chimeric RNAs having upstream and downstream parts relatively to the breakpoint position for the 5'- and 3'-fusion components, respectively. As many other types of cancer mutations, fusion genes can be of either driver or passenger type. The driver fusions may have pivotal roles in malignisation by regulating survival, growth, and proliferation of tumor cells, whereas the passenger fusions most likely have no specific function in cancer. The majority of research on fusion gene formation events is concentrated on identifying fusion proteins through chimeric transcripts. However, contemporary studies evidence that fusion events involving non-coding RNA (ncRNA) genes may also have strong oncogenic potential. In this review we highlight most frequent classes of ncRNAs fusions and summarize current understanding of their functional roles. In many cases, cancer ncRNA fusion can result in altered concentration of the non-coding RNA itself, or it can promote protein expression from the protein-coding fusion moiety. Differential splicing, in turn, can enrich the repertoire of cancer chimeric transcripts, e.g. as observed for the fusions of circular RNAs and long non-coding RNAs. These and other ncRNA fusions are being increasingly recognized as cancer biomarkers and even potential therapeutic targets. Finally, we discuss the use of ncRNA fusion genes in the context of cancer detection and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharaa Mohammad
- Laboratory for Translational and Genomic Bioinformatics, Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Molecular Genetic Technologies, Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Endocrinology Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marianna A. Zolotovskaia
- Laboratory for Translational and Genomic Bioinformatics, Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Molecular Genetic Technologies, Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Endocrinology Research Center, Moscow, Russia
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Anton A. Buzdin
- Laboratory for Translational and Genomic Bioinformatics, Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Molecular Genetic Technologies, Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Endocrinology Research Center, Moscow, Russia
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- PathoBiology Group, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), Brussels, Belgium
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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9
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Chen S, Yuan M, Chen H, Wu T, Wu T, Zhang D, Miao X, Shi J. MiR-34a-5p suppresses cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma progression by targeting SIRT6. Arch Dermatol Res 2024; 316:299. [PMID: 38819446 PMCID: PMC11143063 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-03106-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a malignant tumor originating from epidermal or appendageal keratinocytes, with a rising incidence in recent years. Understanding the molecular mechanism driving its development is crucial. This study aims to investigate whether miR-34a-5p is involved in the pathogenesis of cSCC by targeting Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6).The expression levels of miR-34a-5p and SIRT6 were determined in 15 cSCC tissue specimens, 15 normal tissue specimens and cultured cells via real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Pearson's correlation analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between miR-34a-5p and SIRT6 expression levels in cSCC tissues. A431 and SCL-1 cells were transfected with miR-34a-5p mimic, negative control or miR-34a-5p mimic together with recombinant plasmids containing SIRT6 gene. Cell counting kit-8, clone formation assay, wound healing assay, and flow cytometry were employed to assess the effects of these transfections on proliferation, migration, and apoptosis, respectively. The interaction between miR-34a-5p and SIRT6 was characterized using a dual-luciferase reporter assay.MiR-34a-5p expression was down-regulated in cSCC tissues significantly, while the SIRT6 expression was the opposite. A negative correlation was observed between the expression of miR-34a-5p and SIRT6 in cSCC tissues. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-34a-5p led to a significant reduction in the proliferation and migration abilities of A431 and SCL-1 cells, accompanied by an increase in apoptosis levels and a decrease in SIRT6 expression levels. MiR-34a-5p was identified as a direct target of SIRT6. Importantly, overexpression of SIRT6 effectively counteracted the inhibitory effect mediated by miR-34a-5p in cSCC cells.Our findings suggest that miR-34a-5p functions as a tumor suppressor in cSCC cells by targeting SIRT6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Chen
- Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Muxing Yuan
- Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hongxia Chen
- Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | | | - Dongmei Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xu Miao
- Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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10
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Gharib E, Rejali L, Piroozkhah M, Zonoobi E, Nasrabadi PN, Arabsorkhi Z, Baghdar K, Shams E, Sadeghi A, Kuppen PJK, Salehi Z, Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad E. IL-2RG as a possible immunotherapeutic target in CRC predicting poor prognosis and regulated by miR-7-5p and miR-26b-5p. J Transl Med 2024; 22:439. [PMID: 38720389 PMCID: PMC11080123 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05251-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in treatment strategies, colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality, with mounting evidence a close link between immune system dysfunctions issued. Interleukin-2 receptor gamma (IL-2RG) plays a pivotal role as a common subunit receptor in the IL-2 family cytokines and activates the JAK-STAT pathway. This study delves into the role of Interleukin-2 receptor gamma (IL-2RG) within the tumor microenvironment and investigates potential microRNAs (miRNAs) that directly inhibit IL-2RG, aiming to discern their impact on CRC clinical outcomes. Bioinformatics analysis revealed a significant upregulation of IL-2RG mRNA in TCGA-COAD samples and showed strong correlations with the infiltration of various lymphocytes. Single-cell analysis corroborated these findings, highlighting IL-2RG expression in critical immune cell subsets. To explore miRNA involvement in IL-2RG dysregulation, mRNA was isolated from the tumor tissues and lymphocytes of 258 CRC patients and 30 healthy controls, and IL-2RG was cloned into the pcDNA3.1/CT-GFP-TOPO vector. Human embryonic kidney cell lines (HEK-293T) were transfected with this construct. Our research involved a comprehensive analysis of miRPathDB, miRWalk, and Targetscan databases to identify the miRNAs associated with the 3' UTR of human IL-2RG. The human microRNA (miRNA) molecules, hsa-miR-7-5p and hsa-miR-26b-5p, have been identified as potent suppressors of IL-2RG expression in CRC patients. Specifically, the downregulation of hsa-miR-7-5p and hsa-miR-26b-5p has been shown to result in the upregulation of IL-2RG mRNA expression in these patients. Prognostic evaluation of IL-2RG, hsa-miR-7-5p, and hsa-miR-26b-5p, using TCGA-COAD data and patient samples, established that higher IL-2RG expression and lower expression of both miRNAs were associated with poorer outcomes. Additionally, this study identified several long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs), such as ZFAS1, SOX21-AS1, SNHG11, SNHG16, SNHG1, DLX6-AS1, GAS5, SNHG6, and MALAT1, which may act as competing endogenous RNA molecules for IL2RG by sequestering shared hsa-miR-7-5p and hsa-miR-26b-5p. In summary, this investigation underscores the potential utility of IL-2RG, hsa-miR-7-5p, and hsa-miR-26b-5p as serum and tissue biomarkers for predicting CRC patient prognosis while also offering promise as targets for immunotherapy in CRC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Gharib
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leili Rejali
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moein Piroozkhah
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Zonoobi
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Parinaz Nasri Nasrabadi
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Arabsorkhi
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kaveh Baghdar
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Shams
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Sadeghi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Centre, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Yeman Street, Chamran Expressway, P.O. Box: 19857-17411, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peter J K Kuppen
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Zahra Salehi
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Research Institute for Oncology, Hematology and Cell Therapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ehsan Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Centre, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Yeman Street, Chamran Expressway, P.O. Box: 19857-17411, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Lu Y, Chen H. Deuterium-Depleted Water in Cancer Therapy: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Experimental Trials. Nutrients 2024; 16:1397. [PMID: 38732643 PMCID: PMC11085166 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy exhibits numerous side effects in anti-tumour therapy. The clinical experiments indicated that deuterium-depleted water (DDW) monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy was beneficial in inhibiting cancer development. To further understand the potential mechanism of DDW in cancer therapy, we performed a systematic review. The data from experiments published over the past 15 years were included. PubMed, Cochrane and Web of Science (January 2008 to November 2023) were systemically searched. Fifteen studies qualified for review, including fourteen in vivo and in vitro trials and one interventional trial. The results showed that DDW alone or in combination with chemotherapy effectively inhibited cancer progression in most experiments. The combination treatment enhances the therapeutic effect on cancer compared with chemotherapeutic monotherapy. The inhibitory role of DDW in tumours is through regulating the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related genes in Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap 1) and Nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling pathways, further controlling ROS production. An abnormal amount of ROS can inhibit the tumour progression. More extensive randomized controlled trials should be conducted to evaluate the accurate effect of DDW in Keap1-Nrf2 signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Lu
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China;
| | - Hongping Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Bayi Road 461, Nanchang 330006, China
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12
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Abdul Manap AS, Wisham AA, Wong FW, Ahmad Najmi HR, Ng ZF, Diba RS. Mapping the function of MicroRNAs as a critical regulator of tumor-immune cell communication in breast cancer and potential treatment strategies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1390704. [PMID: 38726321 PMCID: PMC11079208 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1390704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Among women, breast cancer ranks as the most prevalent form of cancer, and the presence of metastases significantly reduces prognosis and diminishes overall survival rates. Gaining insights into the biological mechanisms governing the conversion of cancer cells, their subsequent spread to other areas of the body, and the immune system's monitoring of tumor growth will contribute to the advancement of more efficient and targeted therapies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in the interaction between tumor cells and immune cells, facilitating tumor cells' evasion of the immune system and promoting cancer progression. Additionally, miRNAs also influence metastasis formation, including the establishment of metastatic sites and the transformation of tumor cells into migratory phenotypes. Specifically, dysregulated expression of these genes has been associated with abnormal expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, thereby facilitating tumor development. This study aims to provide a concise overview of the significance and function of miRNAs in breast cancer, focusing on their involvement as tumor suppressors in the antitumor immune response and as oncogenes in metastasis formation. Furthermore, miRNAs hold tremendous potential as targets for gene therapy due to their ability to modulate specific pathways that can either promote or suppress carcinogenesis. This perspective highlights the latest strategies developed for miRNA-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimi Syamima Abdul Manap
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Fei Wen Wong
- Faculty of Biosciences, MAHSA University, Kuala Langat, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Zhi Fei Ng
- Faculty of Biosciences, MAHSA University, Kuala Langat, Selangor, Malaysia
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13
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Chen S, Navickas A, Goodarzi H. Translational adaptation in breast cancer metastasis and emerging therapeutic opportunities. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2024; 45:304-318. [PMID: 38453522 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer's tendency to metastasize poses a critical barrier to effective treatment, making it a leading cause of mortality among women worldwide. A growing body of evidence is showing that translational adaptation is emerging as a key mechanism enabling cancer cells to thrive in the dynamic tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we systematically summarize how breast cancer cells utilize translational adaptation to drive metastasis, highlighting the intricate regulation by specific translation machinery and mRNA attributes such as sequences and structures, along with the involvement of tRNAs and other trans-acting RNAs. We provide an overview of the latest findings and emerging concepts in this area, discussing their potential implications for therapeutic strategies in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Albertas Navickas
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR3348, INSERM U1278, Orsay, France; Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3348, INSERM U1278, Orsay, France.
| | - Hani Goodarzi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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14
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Bhat AA, Riadi Y, Afzal M, Bansal P, Kaur H, Deorari M, Ali H, Shahwan M, Almalki WH, Kazmi I, Alzarea SI, Dureja H, Singh SK, Dua K, Gupta G. Exploring ncRNA-mediated pathways in sepsis-induced pyroptosis. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 256:155224. [PMID: 38452584 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis, a potentially fatal illness caused by an improper host response to infection, remains a serious problem in the world of healthcare. In recent years, the role of ncRNA has emerged as a pivotal aspect in the intricate landscape of cellular regulation. The exploration of ncRNA-mediated regulatory networks reveals their profound influence on key molecular pathways orchestrating pyroptotic responses during septic conditions. Through a comprehensive analysis of current literature, we navigate the diverse classes of ncRNAs, including miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, elucidating their roles as both facilitators and inhibitors in the modulation of pyroptotic processes. Furthermore, we highlight the potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications of targeting these ncRNAs in the context of sepsis, aiming to cover the method for novel and effective strategies to mitigate the devastating consequences of septic pathogenesis. As we unravel the complexities of this regulatory axis, a deeper understanding of the intricate crosstalk between ncRNAs and pyroptosis emerges, offering promising avenues for advancing our approach to sepsis intervention. The intricate pathophysiology of sepsis is examined in this review, which explores the dynamic interaction between ncRNAs and pyroptosis, a highly regulated kind of programmed cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ahmad Bhat
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Yassine Riadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pooja Bansal
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560069, India; Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 303012, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Uttar Pradesh 247341, India; Department of Health & Allied Sciences, Arka Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand 831001, India
| | - Mahamedha Deorari
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Haider Ali
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; Department of Pharmacology, Kyrgyz State Medical College, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Moyad Shahwan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman 3467, United Arab Emirates; Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, Ajman 3469, United Arab Emirates
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hairsh Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo-NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo-NSW 2007, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo-NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, Ajman 3469, United Arab Emirates; School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India.
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15
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Kiel K, Król SK, Bronisz A, Godlewski J. MiR-128-3p - a gray eminence of the human central nervous system. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102141. [PMID: 38419943 PMCID: PMC10899074 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNA-128-3p (miR-128-3p) is a versatile molecule with multiple functions in the physiopathology of the human central nervous system. Perturbations of miR-128-3p, which is enriched in the brain, contribute to a plethora of neurodegenerative disorders, brain injuries, and malignancies, as this miRNA is a crucial regulator of gene expression in the brain, playing an essential role in the maintenance and function of cells stemming from neuronal lineage. However, the differential expression of miR-128-3p in pathologies underscores the importance of the balance between its high and low levels. Significantly, numerous reports pointed to miR-128-3p as one of the most depleted in glioblastoma, implying it is a critical player in the disease's pathogenesis and thus may serve as a therapeutic agent for this most aggressive form of brain tumor. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the diverse roles of miR-128-3p. We focus on its involvement in the neurogenesis and pathophysiology of malignant and neurodegenerative diseases. We also highlight the promising potential of miR-128-3p as an antitumor agent for the future therapy of human cancers, including glioblastoma, and as the linchpin of brain development and function, potentially leading to the development of new therapies for neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Kiel
- Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Street, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Katarzyna Król
- Department of Neurooncology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Street, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Bronisz
- Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Street, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Godlewski
- Department of Neurooncology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Street, Warsaw, Poland
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16
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Diener C, Keller A, Meese E. The miRNA-target interactions: An underestimated intricacy. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:1544-1557. [PMID: 38033323 PMCID: PMC10899768 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad1142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play indispensable roles in posttranscriptional gene regulation. Their cellular regulatory impact is determined not solely by their sheer number, which likely amounts to >2000 individual miRNAs in human, than by the regulatory effectiveness of single miRNAs. Although, one begins to develop an understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying miRNA-target interactions (MTIs), the overall knowledge of MTI functionality is still rather patchy. In this critical review, we summarize key features of mammalian MTIs. We especially highlight latest insights on (i) the dynamic make-up of miRNA binding sites including non-canonical binding sites, (ii) the cooperativity between miRNA binding sites, (iii) the adaptivity of MTIs through sequence modifications, (iv) the bearing of intra-cellular miRNA localization changes and (v) the role of cell type and cell status specific miRNA interaction partners. The MTI biology is discussed against the background of state-of-the-art approaches with particular emphasis on experimental strategies for evaluating miRNA functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Diener
- Saarland University (USAAR), Institute of Human Genetics, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Keller
- Saarland University (USAAR), Chair for Clinical Bioinformatics, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS)–Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University Campus, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Eckart Meese
- Saarland University (USAAR), Institute of Human Genetics, 66421 Homburg, Germany
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17
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Verma VK, Beevi SS, Nair RA, Kumar A, Kiran R, Alexander LE, Dinesh Kumar L. MicroRNA signatures differentiate types, grades, and stages of breast invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC): miRNA-target interacting signaling pathways. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:100. [PMID: 38326829 PMCID: PMC10851529 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01452-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is the most common form of breast cancer which accounts for 85% of all breast cancer diagnoses. Non-invasive and early stages have a better prognosis than late-stage invasive cancer that has spread to lymph nodes. The involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the initiation and progression of breast cancer holds great promise for the development of molecular tools for early diagnosis and prognosis. Therefore, developing a cost effective, quick and robust early detection protocol using miRNAs for breast cancer diagnosis is an imminent need that could strengthen the health care system to tackle this disease around the world. METHODS We have analyzed putative miRNAs signatures in 100 breast cancer samples using two independent high fidelity array systems. Unique and common miRNA signatures from both array systems were validated using stringent double-blind individual TaqMan assays and their expression pattern was confirmed with tissue microarrays and northern analysis. In silico analysis were carried out to find miRNA targets and were validated with q-PCR and immunoblotting. In addition, functional validation using antibody arrays was also carried out to confirm the oncotargets and their networking in different pathways. Similar profiling was carried out in Brca2/p53 double knock out mice models using rodent miRNA microarrays that revealed common signatures with human arrays which could be used for future in vivo functional validation. RESULTS Expression profile revealed 85% downregulated and 15% upregulated microRNAs in the patient samples of IDC. Among them, 439 miRNAs were associated with breast cancer, out of which 107 miRNAs qualified to be potential biomarkers for the stratification of different types, grades and stages of IDC after stringent validation. Functional validation of their putative targets revealed extensive miRNA network in different oncogenic pathways thus contributing to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cellular plasticity. CONCLUSION This study revealed potential biomarkers for the robust classification as well as rapid, cost effective and early detection of IDC of breast cancer. It not only confirmed the role of these miRNAs in cancer development but also revealed the oncogenic pathways involved in different progressive grades and stages thus suggesting a role in EMT and cellular plasticity during breast tumorigenesis per se and IDC in particular. Thus, our findings have provided newer insights into the miRNA signatures for the classification and early detection of IDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar Verma
- Cancer Biology, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, (CSIR-CCMB) Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Syed Sultan Beevi
- Cancer Biology, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, (CSIR-CCMB) Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Rekha A Nair
- Department of Pathology, Regional Cancer Centre (RCC), Medical College Campus, Trivandrum, 695011, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, (CSIR-CCMB) Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Ravi Kiran
- Cancer Biology, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, (CSIR-CCMB) Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Liza Esther Alexander
- Department of Pathology, Regional Cancer Centre (RCC), Medical College Campus, Trivandrum, 695011, India
| | - Lekha Dinesh Kumar
- Cancer Biology, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, (CSIR-CCMB) Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India.
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18
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Ogbodo AK, Mustafov D, Arora M, Lambrou GI, Braoudaki M, Siddiqui SS. Analysis of SIGLEC12 expression, immunomodulation and prognostic value in renal cancer using multiomic databases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24286. [PMID: 38268823 PMCID: PMC10803920 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Siglecs belong to a family of immune regulatory receptors predominantly found on hematopoietic cells. They interact with Sia, resulting in the activation or inhibition of the immune response. Previous reports have suggested that the SIGLEC12 gene, which encodes the Siglec-XII protein, is expressed in the epithelial tissues and upregulated in carcinomas. However, studies deciphering the role of Siglec-XII in renal cancer (RC) are still unavailable, and here we provide insights on this question. We conducted expression analysis using the Human Protein Atlas and UALCAN databases. The impact of SIGLEC12 on RC prognosis was determined using the KM plotter, and an assessment of immune infiltration with SIGLEC12 was performed using the TIMER database. GSEA was conducted to identify the pathways affected by SIGLEC12. Finally, using GeneMania, we identified Siglec-XII interacting proteins. Our findings indicated that macrophages express SIGLEC12 in the kidney. Furthermore, we hypothesize that Siglec-XII expression might be involved in the increase of primary RC, but this effect may not be dependent on the age of the patient. In the tumour microenvironment, oncogenic pathways appeared to be upregulated by SIGLEC12. Similarly, our analysis suggested that SIGLEC12-related kidney renal papillary cell carcinomas may be more suitable for targeted immunotherapy, such as CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. These preliminary results suggested that high expression of SIGLEC12 is associated with poor prognosis for RC. Future studies to assess its clinical utility are necessitated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amobichukwu K. Ogbodo
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane Campus, Hatfield AL10 9AB, United Kingdom
- #Current Address: Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom
| | - Denis Mustafov
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane Campus, Hatfield AL10 9AB, United Kingdom
- College of Health, Medicine, and Life Science, Brunel University London UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Mohit Arora
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - George I. Lambrou
- Choremeio Research Laboratory, First Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, Thivon & Levadeias 8, 11527, Goudi, Athens, Greece
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health & Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Thivon & Levadeias 8, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Braoudaki
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane Campus, Hatfield AL10 9AB, United Kingdom
| | - Shoib S. Siddiqui
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane Campus, Hatfield AL10 9AB, United Kingdom
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19
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Fontanella RA, Ghosh P, Pesapane A, Taktaz F, Puocci A, Franzese M, Feliciano MF, Tortorella G, Scisciola L, Sommella E, Ambrosino C, Paolisso G, Barbieri M. Tirzepatide prevents neurodegeneration through multiple molecular pathways. J Transl Med 2024; 22:114. [PMID: 38287296 PMCID: PMC10823712 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04927-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several evidence demonstrated that glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) reduce the risk of dementia in type 2 diabetes patients by improving memory, learning, and overcoming cognitive impairment. In this study, we elucidated the molecular processes underlying the protective effect of Tirzepatide (TIR), a dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor agonist (GIP-RA)/ GLP-1RA, against learning and memory disorders. METHODS We investigated the effects of TIR on markers of neuronal growth (CREB and BDNF), apoptosis (BAX/Bcl2 ratio) differentiation (pAkt, MAP2, GAP43, and AGBL4), and insulin resistance (GLUT1, GLUT4, GLUT3 and SORBS1) in a neuroblastoma cell line (SHSY5Y) exposed to normal and high glucose concentration. The potential role on DNA methylation of genes involved in neuroprotection and epigenetic modulators of neuronal growth (miRNA 34a), apoptosis (miRNA 212), and differentiation (miRNA 29c) was also investigated. The cell proliferation was detected by measuring Ki-67 through flow cytometry. The data were analysed by SPSS IBM Version 23 or GraphPad Prism 7.0 software and expressed as the means ± SEM. Differences between the mean values were considered significant at a p-value of < 0.05. GraphPad Prism software was used for drawing figures. RESULTS For the first time, it was highlighted: (a) the role of TIR in the activation of the pAkt/CREB/BDNF pathway and the downstream signaling cascade; (b) TIR efficacy in neuroprotection; (c) TIR counteracting of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance-related effects at the neuronal level. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that TIR can ameliorate high glucose-induced neurodegeneration and overcome neuronal insulin resistance. Thus, this study provides new insight into the potential role of TIR in improving diabetes-related neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Anna Fontanella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Puja Ghosh
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Ada Pesapane
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Fatemeh Taktaz
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Armando Puocci
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Franzese
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Federica Feliciano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tortorella
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Scisciola
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| | - Eduardo Sommella
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Concetta Ambrosino
- Biogem Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Ariano Irpino, Italy
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
- UniCamillus, International Medical University, Rome, Italy
| | - Michelangela Barbieri
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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20
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Rodrigues P, Bangali H, Hammoud A, Mustafa YF, Al-Hetty HRAK, Alkhafaji AT, Deorari MM, Al-Taee MM, Zabibah RS, Alsalamy A. COX 2-inhibitors; a thorough and updated survey into combinational therapies in cancers. Med Oncol 2024; 41:41. [PMID: 38165473 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02256-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes are pivotal in inflammation and cancer development. COX-2, in particular, has been implicated in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and immune evasion. Recently, COX-2 inhibitors have arisen as potential therapeutic agents in cancer treatment. In addition, combining COX inhibitors with other treatment modalities has demonstrated the potential to improve therapeutic efficacy. This review aims to investigate the effects of COX inhibition, both alone and in combination with other methods, on signaling pathways and carcinogenesis in various cancers. In this study, a literature search of all major academic databases was conducted (PubMed, Scholar google), including the leading research on the mechanisms of COX-2, COX-2 inhibitors, monotherapy with COX-2 inhibitors, and combining COX-2-inhibitors with chemotherapeutic agents in tumors. The study encompasses preclinical and clinical evidence, highlighting the positive findings and the potential implications for clinical practice. According to preclinical studies, multiple signaling pathways implicated in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis can be suppressed by inhibiting COX. In addition, combining COX inhibitors with chemotherapy drugs, targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and miRNA-based approaches has enhanced anti-tumor activity. These results suggest that combination therapy has the potential to overcome resistance mechanisms and improve treatment outcomes. However, caution must be exercised when selecting and administering combination regimens. Not all combinations of COX-2 inhibitors with other drugs result in synergistic effects; some may even have unfavorable interactions. Therefore, personalized approaches that consider the specific characteristics of the cancer and the medications involved are crucial for optimizing therapeutic strategies. In conclusion, as monotherapy or combined with other methods, COX inhibition bears promise in modulating signaling pathways and inhibiting carcinogenesis in various cancers. Additional studies and well-designed clinical trials are required to completely elucidate the efficacy of COX inhibition and combination therapy in enhancing cancer treatment outcomes. This narrative review study provides a detailed summary of COX-2 monotherapy and combination targeted therapy in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Rodrigues
- Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Al-Faraa, Asir-Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Harun Bangali
- Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Al-Faraa, Asir-Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Hammoud
- Department of Medical and Technical Information Technology, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia.
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Mishref Campus, Mubarak Al-Abdullah, Kuwait.
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
| | | | | | - Maha Medha Deorari
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | | | - Rahman S Zabibah
- College of Medical Technique, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna, 66002, Iraq
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21
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Ebrahimnezhad M, Natami M, Bakhtiari GH, Tabnak P, Ebrahimnezhad N, Yousefi B, Majidinia M. FOXO1, a tiny protein with intricate interactions: Promising therapeutic candidate in lung cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115900. [PMID: 37981461 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths in both men and women globally. Despite the development of extremely efficient targeted agents, lung cancer progression and drug resistance remain serious clinical issues. Increasing knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying progression and drug resistance will enable the development of novel therapeutic methods. It has been revealed that transcription factors (TF) dysregulation, which results in considerable expression modifications of genes, is a generally prevalent phenomenon regarding human malignancies. The forkhead box O1 (FOXO1), a member of the forkhead transcription factor family with crucial roles in cell fate decisions, is suggested to play a pivotal role as a tumor suppressor in a variety of malignancies, especially in lung cancer. FOXO1 is involved in diverse cellular processes and also has clinical significance consisting of cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, DNA repair, oxidative stress, cancer prevention, treatment, and chemo/radioresistance. Based on the critical role of FOXO1, this transcription factor appears to be an appropriate target for future drug discovery in lung cancers. This review focused on the signaling pathways, and molecular mechanisms involved in FOXO1 regulation in lung cancer. We also discuss pharmacological compounds that are currently being administered for lung cancer treatment by affecting FOXO1 and also point out the essential role of FOXO1 in drug resistance. Future preclinical research should assess combination drug strategies to stimulate FOXO1 and its upstream regulators as potential strategies to treat resistant or advanced lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ebrahimnezhad
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Natami
- Department of Urology,Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | | | - Peyman Tabnak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Niloufar Ebrahimnezhad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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22
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Jang S, Lee H, Park J, Cha SR, Lee J, Park Y, Jang SH, Park JR, Hong SH, Yang SR. PTD-FGF2 Attenuates Elastase Induced Emphysema in Mice and Alveolar Epithelial Cell Injury. COPD 2023; 20:109-118. [PMID: 36882376 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2023.2174842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant communication in alveolar epithelium is a major feature of inflammatory response for the airway remodeling leading to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, we investigated the effect of protein transduction domains (PTD) conjugated Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF2) (PTD-FGF2) in response to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) in MLE-12 cells and porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE)-induced emphysematous mice. When PPE-induced mice were intraperitoneally treated with 0.1-0.5 mg/kg PTD-FGF2 or FGF2, the linear intercept, infiltration of inflammatory cells into alveoli and pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly decreased. In western blot analysis, phosphorylated protein levels of c-Jun N-terminal Kinase 1/2 (JNK1/2), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) were decreased in PPE-induced mice treated PTD-FGF2. In MLE-12 cells, PTD-FGF2 treatment decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and further decreased Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1b cytokines in response to CSE. In addition, phosphorylated protein levels of ERK1/2, JNK1/2 and p38 MAPK were reduced. We next determined microRNA expression in the isolated exosomes of MLE-12 cells. In reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, level of let-7c miRNA was significantly increased while levels of miR-9 and miR-155 were decreased in response to CSE. These data suggest that PTD-FGF2 treatment plays a protective role in regulation of let-7c, miR-9 and miR-155 miRNA expressions and MAPK signaling pathways in CSE-induced MLE-12 cells and PPE-induced emphysematous mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soojin Jang
- Department of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanbyeol Lee
- Department of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Park
- Department of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ryul Cha
- Department of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooyeon Lee
- Department of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngheon Park
- Department of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ho Jang
- Bioceltran Co., Ltd, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ran Park
- Department of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Ran Yang
- Department of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
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23
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Saha E, Fanfani V, Mandros P, Ben-Guebila M, Fischer J, Hoff-Shutta K, Glass K, DeMeo DL, Lopes-Ramos C, Quackenbush J. Bayesian Optimized sample-specific Networks Obtained By Omics data (BONOBO). BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.16.567119. [PMID: 38014256 PMCID: PMC10680741 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.16.567119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) are effective tools for inferring complex interactions between molecules that regulate biological processes and hence can provide insights into drivers of biological systems. Inferring co-expression networks is a critical element of GRN inference as the correlation between expression patterns may indicate that genes are coregulated by common factors. However, methods that estimate co-expression networks generally derive an aggregate network representing the mean regulatory properties of the population and so fail to fully capture population heterogeneity. To address these concerns, we introduce BONOBO (Bayesian Optimized Networks Obtained By assimilating Omics data), a scalable Bayesian model for deriving individual sample-specific co-expression networks by recognizing variations in molecular interactions across individuals. For every sample, BONOBO assumes a Gaussian distribution on the log-transformed centered gene expression and a conjugate prior distribution on the sample-specific co-expression matrix constructed from all other samples in the data. Combining the sample-specific gene expression with the prior distribution, BONOBO yields a closed-form solution for the posterior distribution of the sample-specific co-expression matrices, thus making the method extremely scalable. We demonstrate the utility of BONOBO in several contexts, including analyzing gene regulation in yeast transcription factor knockout studies, prognostic significance of miRNA-mRNA interaction in human breast cancer subtypes, and sex differences in gene regulation within human thyroid tissue. We find that BONOBO outperforms other sample-specific co-expression network inference methods and provides insight into individual differences in the drivers of biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enakshi Saha
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Viola Fanfani
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Panagiotis Mandros
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Marouen Ben-Guebila
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Jonas Fischer
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Katherine Hoff-Shutta
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly Glass
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dawn Lisa DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Camila Lopes-Ramos
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John Quackenbush
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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24
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Szczepanek J, Tretyn A. MicroRNA-Mediated Regulation of Histone-Modifying Enzymes in Cancer: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1590. [PMID: 38002272 PMCID: PMC10669115 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, significant advances in molecular research have provided a deeper understanding of the intricate regulatory mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis. MicroRNAs, short non-coding RNA sequences, exert substantial influence on gene expression by repressing translation or inducing mRNA degradation. In the context of cancer, miRNA dysregulation is prevalent and closely associated with various stages of carcinogenesis, including initiation, progression, and metastasis. One crucial aspect of the cancer phenotype is the activity of histone-modifying enzymes that govern chromatin accessibility for transcription factors, thus impacting gene expression. Recent studies have revealed that miRNAs play a significant role in modulating these histone-modifying enzymes, leading to significant implications for genes related to proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in cancer cells. This article provides an overview of current research on the mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate the activity of histone-modifying enzymes in the context of cancer. Both direct and indirect mechanisms through which miRNAs influence enzyme expression are discussed. Additionally, potential therapeutic implications arising from miRNA manipulation to selectively impact histone-modifying enzyme activity are presented. The insights from this analysis hold significant therapeutic promise, suggesting the utility of miRNAs as tools for the precise regulation of chromatin-related processes and gene expression. A contemporary focus on molecular regulatory mechanisms opens therapeutic pathways that can effectively influence the control of tumor cell growth and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szczepanek
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Andrzej Tretyn
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
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25
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Mafi A, Mannani R, Khalilollah S, Hedayati N, Salami R, Rezaee M, Dehmordi RM, Ghorbanhosseini SS, Alimohammadi M, Akhavan-Sigari R. The Significant Role of microRNAs in Gliomas Angiogenesis: A Particular Focus on Molecular Mechanisms and Opportunities for Clinical Application. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3277-3299. [PMID: 37414973 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with only 20-22 nucleic acids that inhibit gene transcription and translation by binding to mRNA. MiRNAs have a diverse set of target genes and can alter most physiological processes, including cell cycle checkpoints, cell survival, and cell death mechanisms, affecting the growth, development, and invasion of various cancers, including gliomas. So optimum management of miRNA expression is essential for preserving a normal biological environment. Due to their small size, stability, and capability of specifically targeting oncogenes, miRNAs have emerged as a promising marker and new biopharmaceutical targeted therapy for glioma patients. This review focuses on the most common miRNAs associated with gliomagenesis and development by controlling glioma-determining markers such as angiogenesis. We also summarized the recent research about miRNA effects on signaling pathways, their mechanistic role and cellular targets in the development of gliomas angiogenesis. Strategies for miRNA-based therapeutic targets, as well as limitations in clinical applications, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mafi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Reza Mannani
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Shayan Khalilollah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Hedayati
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raziyeh Salami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Malihe Rezaee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rohollah Mousavi Dehmordi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Sara Ghorbanhosseini
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mina Alimohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum Warsaw Management University Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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26
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Schaeffer J, Vilallongue N, Decourt C, Blot B, El Bakdouri N, Plissonnier E, Excoffier B, Paccard A, Diaz JJ, Humbert S, Catez F, Saudou F, Nawabi H, Belin S. Customization of the translational complex regulates mRNA-specific translation to control CNS regeneration. Neuron 2023; 111:2881-2898.e12. [PMID: 37442131 PMCID: PMC10522804 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
In the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS), axons fail to regenerate spontaneously after injury because of a combination of extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Despite recent advances targeting the intrinsic regenerative properties of adult neurons, the molecular mechanisms underlying axon regeneration are not fully understood. Here, we uncover a regulatory mechanism that controls the expression of key proteins involved in regeneration at the translational level. Our results show that mRNA-specific translation is critical for promoting axon regeneration. Indeed, we demonstrate that specific ribosome-interacting proteins, such as the protein Huntingtin (HTT), selectively control the translation of a specific subset of mRNAs. Moreover, modulating the expression of these translationally regulated mRNAs is crucial for promoting axon regeneration. Altogether, our findings highlight that selective translation through the customization of the translational complex is a key mechanism of axon regeneration with major implications in the development of therapeutic strategies for CNS repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schaeffer
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Noemie Vilallongue
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Charlotte Decourt
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Beatrice Blot
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Nacera El Bakdouri
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Elise Plissonnier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Blandine Excoffier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Antoine Paccard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Diaz
- Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France; Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France; Université de Lyon 1, 69000 Lyon, France
| | - Sandrine Humbert
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Frederic Catez
- Inserm U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France; Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France; Université de Lyon 1, 69000 Lyon, France
| | - Frederic Saudou
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Homaira Nawabi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Stephane Belin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France.
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27
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Loehr AR, Timmerman DM, Liu M, Gillis AJ, Matthews M, Bloom JC, Nicholls PK, Page DC, Miller AD, Looijenga LH, Weiss RS. Analysis of a mouse germ cell tumor model establishes pluripotency-associated miRNAs as conserved serum biomarkers for germ cell cancer detection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.09.556995. [PMID: 37745561 PMCID: PMC10515752 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.09.556995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Malignant testicular germ cells tumors (TGCTs) are the most common solid cancers in young men. Current TGCT diagnostics include conventional serum protein markers, but these lack the sensitivity and specificity to serve as accurate markers across all TGCT subtypes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding regulatory RNAs and informative biomarkers for several diseases. In humans, miRNAs of the miR-371-373 cluster are detectable in the serum of patients with malignant TGCTs and outperform existing serum protein markers for both initial diagnosis and subsequent disease monitoring. We previously developed a genetically engineered mouse model featuring malignant mixed TGCTs consisting of pluripotent embryonal carcinoma (EC) and differentiated teratoma that, like the corresponding human malignancies, originate in utero and are highly chemosensitive. Here, we report that miRNAs in the mouse miR-290-295 cluster, homologs of the human miR-371-373 cluster, were detectable in serum from mice with malignant TGCTs but not from tumor-free control mice or mice with benign teratomas. miR-291-293 were expressed and secreted specifically by pluripotent EC cells, and expression was lost following differentiation induced by the drug thioridazine. Notably, miR-291-293 levels were significantly higher in the serum of pregnant dams carrying tumor-bearing fetuses compared to that of control dams. These findings reveal that expression of the miR-290-295 and miR-371-373 clusters in mice and humans, respectively, is a conserved feature of malignant TGCTs, further validating the mouse model as representative of the human disease. These data also highlight the potential of serum miR-371-373 assays to improve patient outcomes through early TGCT detection, possibly even prenatally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R. Loehr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY
| | | | - Michelle Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY
| | - Ad J.M. Gillis
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Melia Matthews
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY
| | | | | | - David C. Page
- Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, MA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Whitehead Institute, Cambridge, MA
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - Andrew D. Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY
| | | | - Robert S. Weiss
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY
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28
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Ahmadi SM, Amirkhanloo S, Yazdian-Robati R, Ebrahimi H, Pirhayati FH, Almalki WH, Ebrahimnejad P, Kesharwani P. Recent advances in novel miRNA mediated approaches for targeting breast cancer. J Drug Target 2023; 31:777-793. [PMID: 37480323 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2240979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is considered one of the most frequent cancers among woman worldwide. While conventional therapy has been successful in treating many cases of breast cancer, drug resistance, heterogenicity, tumour features and recurrence, invasion, metastasis and the presence of breast cancer stem cells can hinder the effect of treatments, and can reduce the quality of life of patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNA molecules that play a crucial role in the development and progression of breast cancer. Several studies have reported that aberrant expression of specific miRNAs is associated with the pathogenesis of breast cancer. However, miRNAs are emerging as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for breast cancer. Understanding their role in breast cancer biology could help develop more effective treatments for this disease. The present study discusses the biogenesis and function of miRNAs, as well as miRNA therapy approaches for targeting and treating breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Melika Ahmadi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Shervin Amirkhanloo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Rezvan Yazdian-Robati
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hossein Ebrahimi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Waleed H Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pedram Ebrahimnejad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
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29
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Elzeiny N, Sayed Shafei AE, Wagih S, Saad M, Sayed D, Salem EY, Wael M, Ellackany R, Matboli M. Phytochemicals in cervical cancer: an epigenetic overview. Epigenomics 2023; 15:941-959. [PMID: 37916277 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common female malignancy worldwide and a complex disease that typically starts with HPV infection. Various genetic and epigenetic alterations are implicated in its development. The current cervical cancer therapies have unsatisfactory outcomes due to their serious adverse effects, necessitating the need for safe, effective preventive and therapeutic modalities. Phytochemicals have been addressed in cervical cancer prevention and treatment, and further understanding the epigenetics of cervical cancer pathogenesis is critical to investigate new preventive and therapeutic modalities. Addressing the epigenetic mechanisms of potential phytochemicals will provide an overview of their use individually or in combination. The primary aim of this review is to highlight the epigenetic effects of the phytochemicals addressed in cervical cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Elzeiny
- Departement of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Ayman El Sayed Shafei
- Biomedical Research Department, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology & Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherin Wagih
- Biomedical Research Department, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology & Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Saad
- Biomedical Research Department, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology & Information, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology & Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Sayed
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Esraa Y Salem
- Undergraduate Students, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology & Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Wael
- Undergraduate Students, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology & Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rawan Ellackany
- Undergraduate Students, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology & Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Matboli
- Departement of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
- Biomedical Research Department, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology & Information, Cairo, Egypt
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30
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Cignarella A, Boscaro C, Albiero M, Bolego C, Barton M. Post-Transcriptional and Epigenetic Regulation of Estrogen Signaling. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 386:288-297. [PMID: 37391222 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-translational and epigenetic regulation are important mechanisms controlling functions of genes and proteins. Although the "classic" estrogen receptors (ERs) have been acknowledged to function in mediating estrogen effects via transcriptional mechanisms, estrogenic agents modulate the turnover of several proteins via post-transcriptional and post-translational pathways including epigenetics. For instance, the metabolic and angiogenic action of G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) in vascular endothelial cells has been recently elucidated. By interacting with GPER, 17β-estradiol and the GPER agonist G1 enhance endothelial stability of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) and capillary tube formation by increasing ubiquitin-specific peptidase 19 levels, thereby reducing PFKFB3 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. In addition to ligands, the functional expression and trafficking of ERs can be modulated by post-translational modification, including palmitoylation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), the most abundant form of endogenous small RNAs in humans, regulate multiple target genes and are at the center of the multi-target regulatory network. This review also discusses the emerging evidence of how miRNAs affect glycolytic metabolism in cancer, as well as their regulation by estrogens. Restoring dysregulated miRNA expression represents a promising strategy to counteract the progression of cancer and other disease conditions. Accordingly, estrogen post-transcriptional regulatory and epigenetic mechanisms represent novel targets for pharmacological and nonpharmacological intervention for the treatment and prevention of hormone-sensitive noncommunicable diseases, including estrogen-sensitive cancers of the reproductive system in women. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The effects of estrogen are mediated by several mechanisms that are not limited to the transcriptional regulation of target genes. Slowing down the turnover of master regulators of metabolism by estrogens allows cells to rapidly adapt to environmental cues. Identification of estrogen-targeted microRNAs may lead to the development of novel RNA therapeutics that disrupt pathological angiogenesis in estrogen-dependent cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cignarella
- Departments of Medicine (A.C., Ca.B., M.A.) and Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences (Ch.B.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; and Molecular Internal Medicine, University of Zürich and Andreas Grüntzig Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland (M.B.)
| | - Carlotta Boscaro
- Departments of Medicine (A.C., Ca.B., M.A.) and Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences (Ch.B.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; and Molecular Internal Medicine, University of Zürich and Andreas Grüntzig Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland (M.B.)
| | - Mattia Albiero
- Departments of Medicine (A.C., Ca.B., M.A.) and Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences (Ch.B.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; and Molecular Internal Medicine, University of Zürich and Andreas Grüntzig Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland (M.B.)
| | - Chiara Bolego
- Departments of Medicine (A.C., Ca.B., M.A.) and Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences (Ch.B.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; and Molecular Internal Medicine, University of Zürich and Andreas Grüntzig Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland (M.B.)
| | - Matthias Barton
- Departments of Medicine (A.C., Ca.B., M.A.) and Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences (Ch.B.), University of Padova, Padova, Italy; and Molecular Internal Medicine, University of Zürich and Andreas Grüntzig Foundation, Zürich, Switzerland (M.B.)
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Alinejad T, Modarressi S, Sadri Z, Hao Z, Chen CS. Diagnostic applications and therapeutic option of Cascade CRISPR/Cas in the modulation of miRNA in diverse cancers: promises and obstacles. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:9557-9575. [PMID: 37222810 PMCID: PMC10423114 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04747-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas technology is a molecular tool specific to sequences for engineering genomes. Among diverse clusters of Cas proteins, the class 2/type II CRISPR/Cas9 system, despite several challenges, such as off-target effects, editing efficiency, and efficient delivery, has shown great promise for driver gene mutation discovery, high-throughput gene screening, epigenetic modulation, nucleic acid detection, disease modeling, and more importantly for therapeutic purposes. CRISPR-based clinical and experimental methods have applications across a wide range of areas, especially for cancer research and, possibly, anticancer therapy. On the other hand, given the influential role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the regulations of cellular division, carcinogenicity, tumorigenesis, migration/invasion, and angiogenesis in diverse normal and pathogenic cellular processes, in different stages of cancer, miRNAs are either oncogenes or tumor suppressors, according to what type of cancer they are involved in. Hence, these noncoding RNA molecules are conceivable biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic targets. Moreover, they are suggested to be adequate predictors for cancer prediction. Conclusive evidence proves that CRISPR/Cas system can be applied to target small non-coding RNAs. However, the majority of studies have highlighted the application of the CRISPR/Cas system for targeting protein-coding regions. In this review, we specifically discuss diverse applications of CRISPR-based tools for probing miRNA gene function and miRNA-based therapeutic involvement in different types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Alinejad
- The Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, South Baixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325015 Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Shabnam Modarressi
- Department of Food Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg C. Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zahra Sadri
- The Department of Biological Science, Molecular and Cell Biology, Dedman College of Humanities and Sciences Southern Methodist University (SMU), Dallas, TX USA
| | - Zuo Hao
- The Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, South Baixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325015 Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Shui Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, South Baixiang, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, 325015 Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
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Zhang WT, Wang YJ, Zhang GX, Zhang YH, Gao SS. Diagnostic value of circulating microRNAs for esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis based on Asian data. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2023; 115:504-514. [PMID: 35040334 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2022.8348/2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignant diseases. We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to explore the clinical applicability of circulating microRNA for the diagnosis of EC. METHODS as of September 10, 2021, a comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Wanfang Database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) to identify eligible studies. The sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) were pooled to evaluate the test performance. The potential sources of heterogeneity were analyzed by subgroup analysis. Deeks' funnel plot was used to assess publication bias. RESULTS 85 studies from 50 articles were included in the current meta-analysis. The overall pooled sensitivity was 0.82 (95 % CI, 0.79-0.84), specificity was 0.84 (95 % CI, 0.81-0.86), PLR was 4.9 (95 % CI, 4.2-5.9), NLR was 0.22 (95 % CI, 0.19-0.25), DOR was 22 (95 % CI, 17-29) and AUC was 0.89 (95 % CI, 0.86-0.92), respectively. Subgroup analysis suggested that miRNA clusters with a large sample size showed better diagnostic accuracy. Publication bias was not found. CONCLUSIONS circulating miRNAs can be used as a potential non-invasive biomarker for the diagnosis of EC in Asian populations.
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Hackl LM, Fenn A, Louadi Z, Baumbach J, Kacprowski T, List M, Tsoy O. Alternative splicing impacts microRNA regulation within coding regions. NAR Genom Bioinform 2023; 5:lqad081. [PMID: 37705830 PMCID: PMC10495541 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqad081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that bind to target sites in different gene regions and regulate post-transcriptional gene expression. Approximately 95% of human multi-exon genes can be spliced alternatively, which enables the production of functionally diverse transcripts and proteins from a single gene. Through alternative splicing, transcripts might lose the exon with the miRNA target site and become unresponsive to miRNA regulation. To check this hypothesis, we studied the role of miRNA target sites in both coding and non-coding regions using six cancer data sets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Parkinson's disease data from PPMI. First, we predicted miRNA target sites on mRNAs from their sequence using TarPmiR. To check whether alternative splicing interferes with this regulation, we trained linear regression models to predict miRNA expression from transcript expression. Using nested models, we compared the predictive power of transcripts with miRNA target sites in the coding regions to that of transcripts without target sites. Models containing transcripts with target sites perform significantly better. We conclude that alternative splicing does interfere with miRNA regulation by skipping exons with miRNA target sites within the coding region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Maria Hackl
- Institute for Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Notkestrasse 9, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Amit Fenn
- Institute for Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Notkestrasse 9, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 3, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Zakaria Louadi
- Institute for Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Notkestrasse 9, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 3, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Jan Baumbach
- Institute for Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Notkestrasse 9, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Computational BioMedicine Lab, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 50, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Division Data Science in Biomedicine, Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics of TU Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School, Rebenring 56, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), TU Braunschweig, Rebenring 56, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Markus List
- Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 3, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Olga Tsoy
- Institute for Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Notkestrasse 9, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
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Tariq L, Arafah A, Sehar N, Ali A, Khan A, Rasool I, Rashid SM, Ahmad SB, Beigh S, Dar TUH, Rehman MU. Novel insights on perils and promises of miRNA in understanding colon cancer metastasis and progression. Med Oncol 2023; 40:282. [PMID: 37639075 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02099-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third highest frequent malignancy and ultimate critical source of cancer-associated mortality around the world. Regardless of latest advances in molecular and surgical targeted medicines that have increased remedial effects in CRC patients, the 5-year mortality rate for CRC patients remains dismally low. Evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) execute an essential part in the development and spread of CRC. The miRNAs are a type of short non-coding RNA that exhibited to control the appearance of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes. miRNA expression profiling is already being utilized in clinical practice as analytical and prognostic biomarkers to evaluate cancer patients' tumor genesis, advancement, and counteraction to drugs. By modulating their target genes, dysregulated miRNAs are linked to malignant characteristics (e.g., improved proliferative and invasive capabilities, cell cycle aberration, evasion of apoptosis, and promotion of angiogenesis). This review presents an updated summary of circulatory miRNAs, tumor-suppressive and oncogenic miRNAs, and the potential reasons for dysregulated miRNAs in CRC. Further we will explore the critical role of miRNAs in CRC drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Tariq
- Department of Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, 183254, India
| | - Azher Arafah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouroz Sehar
- Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Aarif Ali
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Alusteng, Shuhama, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Andleeb Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iyman Rasool
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College (GMC-Srinagar), Karanagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Shahzada Mudasir Rashid
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Alusteng, Shuhama, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Sheikh Bilal Ahmad
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Alusteng, Shuhama, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Saba Beigh
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Al Baha University, 65431, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tanveer Ul Hassan Dar
- Department of Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, 183254, India
| | - Muneeb U Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Babaei Z, Keyvanloo Shahrestanaki M, Aghaei M. MiR-1236: Key controller of tumor development and progression: Focus on the biological functions and molecular mechanisms. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154671. [PMID: 37418995 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Combating with the cancer, as one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, scientific community extensively evidenced microRNA 1236 (miR-1236) roles in the pathogenesis of malignant tumors. It has been mentioned that miR-1236 target genes and signal pathways that are key controller of tumor development and progression. Consistently, increasing evidence reports that miR-1236 participates in cancer cell growth, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and drug resistance, as well as tumor diagnosis, and prognosis. MiR-1236 is also implicated in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is a significant indicator of the metastatic process. Moreover, miR-1236 itself is regulated by several newly discovered long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs). Current review aimed to summarize and discuss different dimensions of miR-1236 involvement in the fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms of tumor progressions. We believe that miR-1236 may serve as a non-invasive diagnostic marker and potential therapeutic target for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Babaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Mahmoud Aghaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Patellongi I, Amiruddin A, Massi MN, Islam AA, Pratama MY, Sutandyo N, Latar NH, Faruk M. Circulating miR-221/222 expression as microRNA biomarker predicting tamoxifen treatment outcome: a case-control study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:3806-3815. [PMID: 37554919 PMCID: PMC10406100 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The high mortality rate in breast cancer (BC) patients is generally due to metastases resistant to systemic therapy. Two causes of systemic therapy resistance in BC patients are circulating miRNAs-221 and miR-222, leading to improved BC cell proliferation, survival, and reduced cell apoptosis. This study investigated the miRNA expression changes associated with cancer cell resistance to tamoxifen therapy and is expected to be clinically meaningful before providing endocrine therapy to luminal-type BC patients who express them. Methods This case-control research included individuals with the luminal subtype of BC who had received tamoxifen medication for around one year. Furthermore, the case group contained 15 individuals with local recurrence or metastases, while the control group comprised 19 patients without local recurrence or metastases. Plasma miR-221/222 quantification was performed with real-time PCR using transcript-specific primers. Results A significant difference was found in circulating miR-221 expression between cases and controls (P=0.005) but not in miR-222 expression (P=0.070). There were no significant differences between miR-221/222 expression, progesterone receptor, Ki67 protein levels, lymphovascular invasion, and stage. However, receiver operator characteristic curve analyses showed miR-221/222 expressions predictive of tamoxifen resistance (P=0.030) with a sensitivity of 60.00 and a specificity of 83.33%. Conclusion The use of circulating miR-221/222 expression can predict relapse as well as resistance to tamoxifen treatment in BC patients, and their testing is recommended for luminal subtype BC patients who will undergo tamoxifen therapy to determine their risk of tamoxifen resistance early, increasing treatment effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Noorwati Sutandyo
- Department of Medical Hematology-Oncology, Dharmais Hospital National Cancer Center, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nani H.M. Latar
- Endocrine and Breast Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Faruk
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar
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Shademan B, Karamad V, Nourazarian A, Masjedi S, Isazadeh A, Sogutlu F, Avcı CB. MicroRNAs as Targets for Cancer Diagnosis: Interests and Limitations. Adv Pharm Bull 2023; 13:435-445. [PMID: 37646065 PMCID: PMC10460809 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2023.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small RNAs with ability to attach to the large number of RNA that regulate gene expression on post-transcriptional level via inhibition or degradation of specific mRNAs. MiRNAs in cells are the primary regulators of functions such as cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis and considerably influence cell function. The expression levels of microRNAs change in human diseases, including cancer. These changes highlight their essential role in cancer pathogenesis. Ubiquitous irregular expression profiles of miRNAs have been detected in various human cancers using genome-wide identification techniques, which are emerging as novel diagnostic and prognostic cancer biomarkers of high specificity and sensitivity. The measurable miRNAs with enhanced stability in blood, tissues, and other body fluids provide a comprehensive source of miRNA-dependent biomarkers for human cancers. The leading role of miRNAs as potential biomarkers in human cancers is discussed in this article. In addition, the interests and difficulties of miRNAs as biomarkers have been explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrouz Shademan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, EGE University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Vahidreza Karamad
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, EGE University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Alireza Nourazarian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
| | - Sepideh Masjedi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology Sciences, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Alireza Isazadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatma Sogutlu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, EGE University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cigir Biray Avcı
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, EGE University, Izmir, Turkey
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Kordaß T, Chao TY, Osen W, Eichmüller SB. Novel microRNAs modulating ecto-5'-nucleotidase expression. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1199374. [PMID: 37409119 PMCID: PMC10318900 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1199374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The expression of immune checkpoint molecules (ICMs) by cancer cells is known to counteract tumor-reactive immune responses, thereby promoting tumor immune escape. For example, upregulated expression of ecto-5'-nucleotidase (NT5E), also designated as CD73, increases extracellular levels of immunosuppressive adenosine, which inhibits tumor attack by activated T cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Thus, the binding of miRNAs to the 3'-untranslated region of target mRNAs either blocks translation or induces degradation of the targeted mRNA. Cancer cells often exhibit aberrant miRNA expression profiles; hence, tumor-derived miRNAs have been used as biomarkers for early tumor detection. Methods In this study, we screened a human miRNA library and identified miRNAs affecting the expression of ICMs NT5E, ENTPD1, and CD274 in the human tumor cell lines SK-Mel-28 (melanoma) and MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer). Thereby, a set of potential tumor-suppressor miRNAs that decreased ICM expression in these cell lines was defined. Notably, this study also introduces a group of potential oncogenic miRNAs that cause increased ICM expression and presents the possible underlying mechanisms. The results of high-throughput screening of miRNAs affecting NT5E expression were validated in vitro in 12 cell lines of various tumor entities. Results As result, miR-1285-5p, miR-155-5p, and miR-3134 were found to be the most potent inhibitors of NT5E expression, while miR-134-3p, miR-6859-3p, miR-6514-3p, and miR-224-3p were identified as miRNAs that strongly enhanced NT5E expression levels. Discussion The miRNAs identified might have clinical relevance as potential therapeutic agents and biomarkers or therapeutic targets, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Kordaß
- GMP & T Cell Therapy Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tsu-Yang Chao
- GMP & T Cell Therapy Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfram Osen
- GMP & T Cell Therapy Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan B. Eichmüller
- GMP & T Cell Therapy Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Yan J, Xie B, Tian Y, An W, Peng Z, Liu Z, Li J, Li L. MicroRNA-5195-3p mediated malignant biological behaviour of insulin-resistant liver cancer cells via SOX9 and TPM4. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:557. [PMID: 37328795 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11068-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary liver cancer is a malignant tumour of the digestive system, ranking second in cancer mortality in China. In different types of cancer, such as liver cancer, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be dysregulated. However, little is known about the role of miR-5195-3p in insulin-resistant liver cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to identify the altered biological behaviour of insulin-resistant hepatoma cells (HepG2/IR), and we proved that HepG2/IR cells had stronger malignant biological behaviour. Functional experiments showed that enhanced expression of miR-5195-3p could inhibit the proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and chemoresistance of HepG2/IR cells, while impaired expression of miR-5195-3p in HepG2 cells resulted in the opposite effects. Bioinformatics prediction and dual luciferase reporter gene assays proved that SOX9 and TPM4 were the target genes of miR-5195-3p in hepatoma cells. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our study demonstrated that miR-5195-3p plays a critical role in insulin-resistant hepatoma cells and might be a potential therapeutic target for liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital (Gansu Province Central Hospital), Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Bei Xie
- Department of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Wenqin An
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zhiheng Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zhuan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Linjing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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Bhadresha K, Mirza S, Penny C, Mughal MJ. Targeting AXL in Mesothelioma: from functional characterization to clinical implication. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023:104043. [PMID: 37268175 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MM) is a highly aggressive and lethal cancer with a poor survival rate. Current treatment approaches primarily rely on chemotherapy and radiation, but their effectiveness is limited. Consequently, there is an urgent need for alternative treatment strategies, a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying MM, and the identification of potential therapeutic targets. Extensive studies over the past decade have emphasized the role of Axl in driving tumor development and metastasis, while high levels of Axl expression have been associated with immune evasion, drug resistance, and reduced patient survival in various cancer types. Ongoing clinical trials are investigating the efficacy of Axl inhibitors for different cancers. However, the precise role of Axl in MM progression, development, and metastasis, as well as its regulatory mechanisms within MM, remain inadequately understood. This review aims to comprehensively investigate the involvement of Axl in MM. We discuss Axl role in MM progression, development, and metastasis, along with its specific regulatory mechanisms. Additionally, we examined the Axl associated signaling pathways, the relationship between Axl and immune evasion, and the clinical implications of Axl for MM treatment. Furthermore, we discussed the potential utility of liquid biopsy as a non-invasive diagnostic technique for early detection of Axl in MM. Lastly, we evaluated the potential of a microRNA signature that targets Axl. By consolidating existing knowledge and identifying research gaps, this review contributes to a better understanding of Axl's role in MM and sets the stage for future investigations and the development of effective therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinjal Bhadresha
- Cancer Genetics and Comparative Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sheefa Mirza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Common Epithelial Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Clement Penny
- Department of Internal Medicine, Common Epithelial Cancer Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Muhammed Jameel Mughal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Science, The George Washington University, Washington DC, United States of America.
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Jahromi FNA, Dowran R, Jafari R. Recent advances in the roles of exosomal microRNAs (exomiRs) in hematologic neoplasms: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:88. [PMID: 37127640 PMCID: PMC10152632 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01102-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In clinical diagnosis, the capability of exosomes to serve as biomarkers is one of the most important biological functions of exosomes. The superior stability of exosome biomarkers makes them superior to those isolated from traditional samples such as serum and urine. Almost all body fluids contain exosomes, which contain proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Several molecular components of exosomes, including exosome proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs), are promising diagnostic biomarkers. These exosomes may carry genetic information by containing messenger RNA (mRNA) and miRNA. The miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that regulate protein-coding genes by acting as translational repressors. It has been shown that miRNAs are mis-expressed in a range of conditions, including hematologic neoplasms. Additionally, miRNAs found within exosomes have been linked with specific diseases, including hematologic neoplasms. Numerous studies suggest that circulating exosomes contain miRNAs similar to those found in parental cancer cells. Exosomes contain miRNAs that are released by almost all kinds of cells. MiRNAs are packaged into exosomes and delivered to recipient cells, and manipulate its function. It has been recognized that exosomes are new therapeutic targets for immunotherapy and biomedicine of cancers. The current review discusses the current evidence around exosomal miRNAs involved in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of hematologic neoplasms. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faride Nam Avar Jahromi
- Department of Hematology, School of Paramedical, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Razieh Dowran
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, P.O. BoX: 1138, Shafa St., Ershad Blvd., 57147, Urmia, Iran.
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Teixeira PV, Fernandes E, Soares TB, Adega F, Lopes CM, Lúcio M. Natural Compounds: Co-Delivery Strategies with Chemotherapeutic Agents or Nucleic Acids Using Lipid-Based Nanocarriers. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041317. [PMID: 37111802 PMCID: PMC10141470 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death, and latest predictions indicate that cancer- related deaths will increase over the next few decades. Despite significant advances in conventional therapies, treatments remain far from ideal due to limitations such as lack of selectivity, non-specific distribution, and multidrug resistance. Current research is focusing on the development of several strategies to improve the efficiency of chemotherapeutic agents and, as a result, overcome the challenges associated with conventional therapies. In this regard, combined therapy with natural compounds and other therapeutic agents, such as chemotherapeutics or nucleic acids, has recently emerged as a new strategy for tackling the drawbacks of conventional therapies. Taking this strategy into consideration, the co-delivery of the above-mentioned agents in lipid-based nanocarriers provides some advantages by improving the potential of the therapeutic agents carried. In this review, we present an analysis of the synergistic anticancer outcomes resulting from the combination of natural compounds and chemotherapeutics or nucleic acids. We also emphasize the importance of these co-delivery strategies when reducing multidrug resistance and adverse toxic effects. Furthermore, the review delves into the challenges and opportunities surrounding the application of these co-delivery strategies towards tangible clinical translation for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia V Teixeira
- CF-UM-UP-Centro de Física das Universidades do Minho e Porto, Departamento de Física da Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- CytoGenomics Lab, Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- CF-UM-UP-Centro de Física das Universidades do Minho e Porto, Departamento de Física da Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Telma B Soares
- CF-UM-UP-Centro de Física das Universidades do Minho e Porto, Departamento de Física da Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Filomena Adega
- CytoGenomics Lab, Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carla M Lopes
- FFP-I3ID-Instituto de Investigação, Inovação e Desenvolvimento, FP-BHS-Biomedical and Health Sciences Research Unit, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Rua Carlos da Maia 296, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, MEDTECH-Medicines and Healthcare Products, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marlene Lúcio
- CF-UM-UP-Centro de Física das Universidades do Minho e Porto, Departamento de Física da Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- CBMA-Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Jiang C, Feng D, Zhang Y, Yang K, Hu X, Xie Q. SCAT8/miR-125b-5p axis triggers malignant progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma through SCARB1. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2023; 24:15. [PMID: 37009875 PMCID: PMC10069050 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-023-00477-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a tumor with high malignancy and poor prognosis, which severely affects the health of the patients. LncRNAs and microRNAs are crucial for the occurrence and development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which regulate the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma through the ceRNA network. SCARB1 plays an essential role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, the mechanism underlying the regulation of SCARB1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma through non-coding RNAs remains unclear. Our findings indicated that the SCAT8/miR-125b-5p axis promoted the malignant progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by driving the expression of SCARB1. Mechanistically, the expression of SCARB1 could be regulated by the lncRNA, SCAT8 and the microRNA, miR-125b-5p. Moreover, as a ceRNA of miR-125b-5p, SCAT8 can not only regulate the expression of SCARB1, but also regulate the malignant progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Notably, our results reveal a novel ceRNA regulatory network in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which could serve as a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmao Jiang
- Department of Health Management, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Dandan Feng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Health Management Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Xiaotong Hu
- Department of Health Management, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Qian Xie
- Department of Health Management, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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Chen C, Zhu F, Liu F, Yao Y, Ma Z, Luo S. Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomal miRNA-21-5p Inhibits Lidocaine-Induced Apoptosis in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 52:756-765. [PMID: 37551179 PMCID: PMC10404314 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v52i4.12446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Local anesthetic lidocaine is one of the most common pain therapies, but high concentration of lidocaine induced neurotoxicity and its mechanism is unclear. Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) is implicated in neuronal diseases, but its role in lidocaine induced neurotoxicity remains to be elucidated. Methods All the experiments were performed at Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China in 2022. Lidocaine was used to induce apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells. Exosomes isolated from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC-exos) were used to co-treat SH-SY5Y cells with lidocaine. Cell apoptosis was measured using a flow cytometer. PKH-67 Dye was used for exosome uptake assay. miR-21-5p mimics/inhibitors, or negative controls were transfected with Lipo2000 to study its effect on lid-induced injury. Interactions between miR-21-5p and PDCD4 was analyzed by luciferase reporter assay. Results Administration of BMSC-exo protected SH-SY5Y cells against lidocaine induced apoptosis. Suppressing miR-21-5p dramatically enhanced PDCD4, but miR-21-5p overexpression sharply down-regulated PDCD4. Mechanism study showed that miR-21-5p bound to 3'-UTR of PDCD4 to inhibit it. Suppressing miR-21-5p reversed the effect of BMSC-exo on Lid-induced injury. Results also indicate that miR-21-5p regulated lidocaine-induced injury through targeting PDCD4. Conclusion BMSC-exos protected SH-SY5Y cells against lidocaine induced apoptosis through miR-21-5p by targeting PDCD4, which may develop new strategy in the management of lidocaine-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- Department of Anesthesia, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feiyu Zhu
- Department of Anesthesia, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feifan Liu
- Department of Anesthesia, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yufeng Yao
- Department of Anesthesia, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhihong Ma
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shanhong Luo
- Department of Anesthesia, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
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Zhou C, Zhu D, Zhou S, Wang H, Huang M. Screening differential circular RNA expression profiles and the potential role of hsa_circ_0085465 in liver cancer. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:548-555. [PMID: 37470573 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1868_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Aims This study aimed to screen the circular RNAs (circRNAs) that are differentially expressed between liver cancer and paired paracarcinoma tissues and then elucidate their role in cancer progression. Materials and Methods High-throughput sequencing of cancer and paired paracarcinoma tissues was followed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses of the parental genes of the differentially expressed circRNAs, which were also verified via real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of the tissues. In addition, the function of selected circRNAs was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4- sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) and transwell assays. Results Total 218 and 121 circRNAs were differentially upregulated and downregulated, respectively; these were mainly enriched with GO and KEGG terms related to biological functions. From five representatives of the differentially expressed circRNAs, we selected hsa_circ_0085465 for further analysis, discovering that its overexpression promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of 97 L cells. Conclusion Taken together, our results suggest that hsa_circ_0085465 is relevant to liver cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Churen Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Duo Zhu
- Department of Interventional Radiology Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sibin Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haofan Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingsheng Huang
- Department of Interventional Radiology Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Wu ZS, Wang HJ, Lee WC, Luo HL, Lin TK, Chuang YC. Low-Energy Shock Wave Suppresses Prostatic Pain and Inflammation by Modulating Mitochondrial Dynamics Regulators on a Carrageenan-Induced Prostatitis Model in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043898. [PMID: 36835316 PMCID: PMC9968097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A low-energy shock wave (LESW) has therapeutic effects on chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS); however, its mechanism of action remains unclear. We explored the effects of LESW on the prostate and mitochondrial dynamics regulators in a rat model of carrageenan-induced prostatitis. The imbalance of mitochondrial dynamics regulators may affect the inflammatory process and molecules and contribute to CP/CPPS. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received intraprostatic 3% or 5% carrageenan injections. The 5% carrageenan group also received LESW treatment at 24 h, 7 days, and 8 days. Pain behavior was evaluated at baseline, 1 week, and 2 weeks after a saline or carrageenan injection. The bladder and the prostate were harvested for immunohistochemistry and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. Intraprostatic carrageenan injection induced inflammatory reaction in the prostate and the bladder, decreased the pain threshold, and resulted in the upregulation of Drp-1, MFN-2, NLRP3 (mitochondrial integrity markers), substance P, and CGRP-RCP, whose effects were maintained for 1-2 weeks. LESW treatment suppressed carrageenan-induced prostatic pain, inflammatory reaction, mitochondrial integrity markers, and expression of sensory molecules. These findings support a link between the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of LESW in CP/CPPS and the reversal of cellular perturbations caused by imbalances in mitochondrial dynamics in the prostate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Sheng Wu
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Wang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chia Lee
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Hou Lun Luo
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Kung Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chi Chuang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-7317123 (ext. 8094)
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Xu H, Lin M, Zheng Y, Fang X, Huang X, Huang Q, Xu J, Duan W, Wei J, Jia L. In situ imaging miRNAs using multifunctional linear DNA nanostructure. Talanta 2023; 253:123997. [PMID: 36228560 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The microRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in many biological processes and are essential biomarkers for diagnosing disease. However, the sensitive and specific quantification of microRNAs (miRNAs) expression in living cells still faces a huge challenge. Our study designed a multifunctional linear DNA nanostructure (MLN) as a carrier of molecular beacons (MB-21) for detecting and intracellular imaging miRNA-21. The MLN-MB consists of three parts: aptamer, MLN, and MB-21. The aptamer (AS1411) could media MLN-MB enter live cells without additional transfection reagents. Once inside the cells, the intracellular miRNA-21 could hybridize the MB-21s, resulting in significantly enhanced fluorescence signals. The whole process was enzyme-free, autonomous, and continuous, which avoided the necessity of adding external fuel strands or enzymes. We demonstrated that the MLN-MB could be used to screen the miRNA-21 with a detection limit of 320 pM in a short time (10 min) and show high specificity toward miRNA-21 against other miRNAs. Moreover, the proposed MLN-MB could detect the miRNA-21 in complex matrixes stably. With its outstanding stability, dual recognition, and biocompatibility, MLN-MB is capable of delivering into living cells to identify specific cancer cells. Therefore, our sensing approach, with high sensitivity, specificity, and simplicity advantages, holds great potential for early cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huo Xu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Min Lin
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Yanhui Zheng
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Xiaojun Fang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China; Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xinmei Huang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Qi Huang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Jiawei Xu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Wei Duan
- School of Medicine and Centre for Molecular and Medical Research Deakin University Geelong, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - Juan Wei
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Lee Jia
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
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McMurtry V, Canberk S, Deftereos G. Molecular testing in fine-needle aspiration of thyroid nodules. Diagn Cytopathol 2023; 51:36-50. [PMID: 36480743 DOI: 10.1002/dc.25035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid nodules are commonly faced by clinicians as palpable nodules or incidentally identified on imaging. Nodules that are found to be suspicious by imaging can be biopsied by fine needle aspiration, which can yield material for molecular testing to refine the diagnosis. METHODS The current literature concerning molecular testing in thyroid nodules including available commercial assays was reviewed and summarized. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS Commonly encountered alterations include mutations in RAS, BRAF, TERT promoter, PTEN, and DICER1 as well as fusions of RET, ALK, PAX8-PPARγ, and NTRK. This article provides a summary of these molecular alterations, commercially available molecular assays, and general considerations for thyroid epithelial malignancies and benign thyroid nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valarie McMurtry
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,ARUP Institute for Experimental Pathology, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Sule Canberk
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Porto, Portugal.,Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Georgios Deftereos
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.,ARUP Institute for Experimental Pathology, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Wang Y, Liu P, Chen X, Yang W. Circ_CHMP5 aggravates oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced damage to human umbilical vein endothelial cells through miR-516b-5p/TGFβR2 axis. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2023; 85:325-339. [PMID: 37212088 DOI: 10.3233/ch-231722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis (AS) was one of the main causes of death in the elderly, and lesions in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) could lead to AS. CircRNA-charged multivesicular body protein 5 (circ_CHMP5) was reported to participate in the progression of AS. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to analyze the levels of circ_CHMP5, miR-516b-5p, and transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 (TGFβR2) in AS patients or ox-LDL-induced HUVECs. 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine and cell counting kit-8 assays were performed to detect cell proliferation. Proteins expression was assessed by western blot assay. Cell apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry. Tube formation assay was utilized to measure the tube formation ability of HUVCEs. The targeting relationships between miR-516b-5p and circ_CHMP5 or TGFβR2 were confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA-pull down assay. RESULTS Circ_CHMP5 was enhanced in the serum of AS patients and ox-LDL-exposure HUVECs. Ox-LDL blocked proliferation and tube formation of HUVECs and induced cell apoptosis, and circ_CHMP5 knockdown reversed these effects. In addition, circ_CHMP5 regulated the growth of ox-LDL-induced HUVECs through miR-516b-5p and TGFβR2. Moreover, the effects of circ_CHMP5 knockdown on ox-LDL-induced HUVECs were obviously recovered by downregulation of miR-516b-5p, and overexpression of TGFβR2 restored the effects of miR-516b-5p upregulation on ox-LDL-stimulated HUVECs. CONCLUSION Silence of circ_CHMP5 overturned ox-LDL-treated inhibition of HUVECs proliferation and angiogenesis by miR-516b-5p and TGFβR2. These results provided new solutions for the treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueru Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan City, Shanxi, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Shanxi Provincial Medical Service Evaluation Center, Taiyuan City, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wuxiao Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan City, Shanxi, China
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In silico Identification of Hypoxic Signature followed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR Validation in Cancer Cell Lines. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2023; 27:23-33. [PMID: 36624663 PMCID: PMC9971715 DOI: 10.52547/ibj.3803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Hypoxic tumor microenvironment is one of the important impediments for conventional cancer therapy. This study aimed to computationally identify hypoxia-related messenger RNA (mRNA) signatures in nine hypoxic-conditioned cancer cell lines and investigate their role during hypoxia. Methods Nine RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) expression data sets were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in each cancer cell line. Then 23 common DEGs were selected by comparing the gene lists across the nine cancer cell lines. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to validate the identified DEGs. Results By comparing the data sets, GAPDH, LRP1, ALDOA, EFEMP2, PLOD2, CA9, EGLN3, HK, PDK1, KDM3A, UBC, and P4HA1 were identified as hub genes. In addition, miR-335-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-6807-5p, miR-1915-3p, miR-6764-5p, miR-92-3p, miR-23b-3p, miR-615-3p, miR-124-3p, miR-484, and miR-455-3p were determined as common micro RNAs. Four DEGs were selected for mRNA expression validation in cancer cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions with qRT-PCR. The results also showed that the expression levels determined by qRT-PCR were consistent with RNA-Seq data. Conclusion The identified protein-protein interaction network of common DEGs could serve as potential hypoxia biomarkers and might be helpful for improving therapeutic strategies.
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