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Akçakaya A, Ünver N, Aydoğan Kiriş T, Güzel M, Akçakaya FB, Çakmakoğlu B, Hasbahçeci M. Association of CDH1 -160 C → A and -347 G→ GA polymorphisms and expression of E-cadherin and gastric cancer: A case-control study. Turk J Surg 2021; 37:41-48. [PMID: 34585093 DOI: 10.47717/turkjsurg.2021.5097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The loss of function of the E-cadherin (CDH1) gene with -160 C→A and -347 G→GA polymorphisms is regarded as a critical step for gastric cancer. It was aimed to investigate possible association of these polymorphisms and immunoexpression of E-cadherin with gastric cancer. Material and Methods Gastric adenocarcinoma patients and individuals with benign gastric pathologies were included in this case-control study. Demographic data and pathological findings were recorded. Immunohistochemical staining of E-cadherin expression and analysis of -160 C→A and -347 G→GA polymorphisms were done. Differences between allele frequencies of -160 C→A and -347 G→GA polymorphisms and expression of E-cadherin were the primary outcomes. Results There were 78 gastric cancer patients (Group A) and 113 individuals with benign gastric pathologies (Group B). The number of male patients and mean age were higher in Group A (p <0.001). -160 C→A and 347 G→GA polymorphisms and their allelic distributions showed no difference between the groups (p> 0.05 for all). There was a significant association between -160 C→A polymorphism and grade of E-cadherin expression (p= 0.013). There were no significant differences between survival rates with -160 C→A, 347 G→GA and intensity of E-cadherin expression (p> 0.05 for all). There was no significant association between -160 C→A and -347 G→GA polymorphisms and gastric cancer. Conclusion There was no impact of E-cadherin expression on tumoral features and survival in gastric cancer. -160 C→A polymorphism may influence the expression of E-cadherin in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adem Akçakaya
- Department of General Surgery, Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Ünver
- Clinic of Pathology, Yedikule Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Mehmet Güzel
- Clinic of General Surgery, Patnos State Hospital, Ağrı, Turkey
| | | | - Bedia Çakmakoğlu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istanbul University Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Hasbahçeci
- Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Istinye University, Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.,A.D.E.M., Center for Academic Support and Education, Istanbul, Turkey
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2
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Kohli P, Penumadu P, Srinivas BH, M S, Dubashi B, Kate V, Kumar H, R K, Balasubramanian A. Clinicopathological profile and its association with peritoneal disease among gastric cancer patients. Surg Oncol 2021; 38:101595. [PMID: 33991942 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2021.101595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are no clinicopathological criteria or test to predict peritoneal metastasis either in primary or recurrent gastric cancer. The early prediction will help in altering or adding other adjuvant potential therapy modalities like HIPEC and maintenance chemotherapy. METHODS Paraffin based blocks of 110 gastric tumor specimens were subjected to IHC staining to assess VEGF, Her 2 neu, E cadherin, bcl 2 and p 53 expression and its association with peritoneal disease evaluated. RESULTS Her 2 neu uptake was present in 17.3%, bcl-2 expression in 19.1%, P53 expression in 40.9%, VEGF in 41.8% and E cadherin expression in 49.1% patients. On univariate analysis, a younger age(p = .029), female sex(p = .026), positive VEGF expression (p = .001) and p53 expression(p = .015) were significantly associated with peritoneal disease. A binomial logistic regression was performed to ascertain the effects of independent variables evaluated on univariate analysis. Of the 10 predictors variables, only three were statistically significant: tumor type, P53, and VEGF. Positive VEGF expression had 48.7, E cadherin 2.6 and Her2neu 1.5 times higher odds of exhibiting peritoneal disease. CONCLUSION A younger age, female sex, distal 2/3rd, diffuse variant, VEGF staining in >10% cells and decrease p53 expression were associated with peritoneal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavneet Kohli
- Department of Surgical Oncology, JIPMER, Puducherry, 6050006, India
| | - Prasanth Penumadu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, JIPMER, Puducherry, 6050006, India.
| | - B H Srinivas
- Department of Pathology, JIPMER, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Sivasanker M
- HPB Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Trust, Merseyside, UK
| | - Biswajit Dubashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, JIPMER, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | - Vikram Kate
- Department of General Surgery, JIPMER, Puducherry, 605006, India
| | | | - Kalayarasan R
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, JIPMER, Puducherry, 605006, India
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3
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Hasan S. An Overview of Promising Biomarkers in Cancer Screening and Detection. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2020; 20:831-852. [PMID: 32838718 DOI: 10.2174/1568009620666200824102418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Applications of biomarkers have been proved in oncology screening, diagnosis, predicting response to treatment as well as monitoring the progress of the disease. Considering the crucial role played by them during different disease stages, it is extremely important to evaluate, validate, and assess them to incorporate them into routine clinical care. In this review, the role of few most promising and successfully used biomarkers in cancer detection, i.e. PD-L1, E-Cadherin, TP53, Exosomes, cfDNA, EGFR, mTOR with regard to their structure, mode of action, and reports signifying their pathological significance, are addressed. Also, an overview of some successfully used biomarkers for cancer medicine has been presented. The study also summarizes biomarker-driven personalized cancer therapy i.e., approved targets and indications, as per the US FDA. The review also highlights the increasingly prominent role of biomarkers in drug development at all stages, with particular reference to clinical trials. The increasing utility of biomarkers in clinical trials is clearly evident from the trend shown, wherein ~55 percent of all oncology clinical trials in 2019 were seen to involve biomarkers, as opposed to ~ 15 percent in 2001, which clearly proves the essence and applicability of biomarkers for synergizing clinical information with tumor progression. Still, there are significant challenges in the implementation of these possibilities with strong evidence in cost-- effective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Hasan
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India
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4
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Kumar P, Sebastian A, Verma K, Dixit R, Kumari S, Singh J, Tiwary SK, Narayan G. mRNA Expression Analysis of E-Cadherin, VEGF, and MMPs in Gastric Cancer: a Pilot Study. Indian J Surg Oncol 2020; 12:85-92. [PMID: 33994733 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-020-01096-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a serious fatal cancer on a global scale because of its presentation at advanced stage. The expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), E-cadherin, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in other cancers have been reported. However, its expression and underlying mechanisms are little known in gastric cancer in Indian context. In this study, we detected mRNA expression of VEGF, E-cadherin, and MMPs (MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9) in 73 gastric cancer tissues and 27 normal controls by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Receiver operator characteristics analysis was done for determining the diagnostic utility of VEGF, MMPs and E-cadherin with respect to the sensitivity and specificity. The association of VEGF, MMPs, and E-cadherin expression with the clinicopathological characteristics and the prognosis was subsequently analyzed. The mRNA expression results showed that E-cadherin was significantly downregulated in 47.9% of GC in comparison to control. There was no change in VEGF expression observed in 90.4% GC cases. MMP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 were overexpressed in 13.7%, 28.8%, and 11% of GC, respectively, with significant change in MMP-2 (p ≤ 0.0001) and MMP-9 (p = 0.027) in comparison to control. Our results strengthen the necessity of more studies to elucidate the prophetic role of these genes in the development of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Kumar
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Arun Sebastian
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Khushi Verma
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Ruhi Dixit
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Soni Kumari
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India.,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Juhi Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Satyendra Kumar Tiwary
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Gopeshwar Narayan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
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5
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Bahnassy AA, Helal TEA, El-Ghazawy IM, Samaan GF, Galal El-Din MM, Abdellateif MS, Desouky E, Zekri ARN. The role of E-cadherin and Runx3 in Helicobacter Pylori - Associated gastric carcinoma is achieved through regulating P21waf and P27 expression. Cancer Genet 2018; 228-229:64-72. [PMID: 30553475 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We assessed the role of E-cadherin (CDH1), runt-related transcription factor 3, p21waf and p27 promoter methylation (PM) and protein expression in Helicobacter pylori (HP)-associated gastric carcinomas (GCs) and adjacent non-neoplastic tissues (ANNTs). PATIENTS AND METHODS 192 cases were assessed for PM and protein expression of CDH1, RUNX3, p21waf and p27 by methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and immunohistochemistry. The CagA gene was also assessed. RESULTS In GCs, 66 (34.4%) and 84 (43.8%) cases showed CDH1-PM and reduced expression. It is significantly affected in GCs rather than in non-neoplastic groups (p < 0.001). In ANNTs, 108 (56.3%) cases showed CDH1-PM and all cases revealed preserved protein expression. RUNX3-PM was detected in 78 GCs (40.6%) and 69 ANNTs (35.9%), whereas reduced protein expression was detected in 99 (51.65%) GC compared to ANNTs 90 (46.9%). p21WAF and p27 showed PM in (48.4% and 45.3%) GCs and ANNTs; respectively. p21waf protein was reduced in 90 (46.9%) cases and 91 ANNTs (47.4%). p27 was reduced in 86 (44.8%) cases and 87 ANNTs (45.3%). CDH1 aberrations correlated with HP in tumors and ANNTs and with diffuse/intestinal tumors (p = 0.014, p = 0.014 and p = 0.02). RUNX3 aberrations associated with HP (p = 0.04), high grade (p = 0.04), and advanced stage (p = 032). Tumor grade associated with RUNX3-PM, CDH, p21 and p27 protein (p < 0.05 for all). Tumor stage associated significantly with PM and reduced protein expression of all markers. Positive lymph nodes associated significantly with p27PM (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS HP plays an important role in the development and progression of GC through silencing of CDH1, RUNX3, p21WAF and p27 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer A Bahnassy
- Tissue Culture and Cytogenetics Unit, Pathology Department, NCI, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Thanaa El-A Helal
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | | | - Gamal F Samaan
- Clinical Pathology Department, Mataryia Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mona S Abdellateif
- Molecular Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, NCI, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Eman Desouky
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, NCI, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Rahman N Zekri
- Molecular Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Abbas M, Faggian A, Sintali DN, Khan GJ, Naeem S, Shi M, Dingding C. Current and future biomarkers in gastric cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:1688-1700. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Zhang Y, Li D, Dai Y, Li R, Gao Y, Hu L. The Role of E-cadherin in Helicobacter pylori-Related Gastric Diseases. Curr Drug Metab 2018; 20:23-28. [PMID: 29938616 DOI: 10.2174/1389200219666180625113010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-related gastric diseases are a series of gastric mucosal disorders associated with H. pylori infection. Gastric cancer (GC) is widely believed to evolve from gastritis and gastric ulcer. As an important adhesion molecule of epithelial cells, E-cadherin plays a key role in the development of gastric diseases. In this review, we aim to seek the characteristic of E-cadherin expression at different stages of gastric diseases. METHODS We searched plenty of databases for research literature about E-cadherin expression in H. pylori-related gastric diseases, and reviewed the relationship of E-cadherin and H. pylori, and the role of E-cadherin at different stages of gastric diseases. RESULTS H. pylori was shown to decrease E-cadherin expression by various ways in vitro, while most of clinical studies have not found the relationship between H. pylori and E-cadherin expression. It is defined that poor outcome of GC is related to loss expression of E-cadherin, but it is still unclear when qualitative change of E-cadherin expression in gastric mucosa emerges. CONCLUSION Expression level of E-cadherin in gastric cells may be a consequence of injury factors and body's selfrepairing ability. More studies on E-cadherin expression in gastric mucosa with precancerous lesions need to be performed, which may be potential and useful for early detection, prevention and treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhan Zhang
- Piwei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Danyan Li
- Piwei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunkai Dai
- Piwei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruliu Li
- Piwei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Gao
- Piwei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling Hu
- Piwei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
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8
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Zhong C, Zhuang M, Wang X, Li J, Chen Z, Huang Y, Chen F. 12-Lipoxygenase promotes invasion and metastasis of human gastric cancer cells via epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:1455-1462. [PMID: 30008824 PMCID: PMC6036329 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) in tumorigenesis has been well established in several types of human cancer, including gastric cancer. It was reported that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to tumor invasion and metastasis. However, whether 12-LOX promotes the invasion and metastasis of human gastric cancer cells via EMT remains to be elucidated. In the present study, the expression of 12-LOX and EMT markers, N-cadherin and E-cadherin, was evaluated in gastric cancer and adjacent normal mucosa samples by immunohistochemical analysis. 12-LOX-overexpressing gastric cancer cells were established via lentiviral transfection of SCG-7901 cells. Wound-healing and Transwell assays were performed to examine the regulation of cell metastasis and invasion by 12-LOX. Furthermore, the regulation of N-cadherin expression by 12-LOX was evaluated using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. The results revealed that the expression of 12-LOX and N-cadherin was significantly higher in gastric cancer compared with that in adjacent normal mucosa tissues (P<0.05). By contrast, the expression of E-cadherin was significantly decreased in gastric cancer compared with that in adjacent normal mucosa tissues (P<0.05). Furthermore, the expression of 12-LOX was positively associated with N-cadherin expression in gastric cancer tissues. 12-LOX-overexpressing gastric cancer cells exhibited significantly increased invasion and migration abilities compared with the empty vector and control groups. The expression of N-cadherin in 12-LOX-overexpressing gastric cancer cells was increased compared with that in the empty vector and control groups. The present study suggests that EMT may be involved in the promotion of the invasion and metastasis of human gastric cancer cells by 12-LOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canmei Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Mingkai Zhuang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Xiazhong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Jianying Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Zhixin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Yuehong Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Fenglin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
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Carlomagno N, Incollingo P, Tammaro V, Peluso G, Rupealta N, Chiacchio G, Sandoval Sotelo ML, Minieri G, Pisani A, Riccio E, Sabbatini M, Bracale UM, Calogero A, Dodaro CA, Santangelo M. Diagnostic, Predictive, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Molecular Biomarkers in Third Millennium: A Breakthrough in Gastric Cancer. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:7869802. [PMID: 29094049 PMCID: PMC5637861 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7869802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the third cause of cancer death. The clinical outcomes of the patients are still not encouraging with a low rate of 5 years' survival. Often the disease is diagnosed at advanced stages and this obviously negatively affects patients outcomes. A deep understanding of molecular basis of gastric cancer can lead to the identification of diagnostic, predictive, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers. Main Body This paper aims to give a global view on the molecular classification and mechanisms involved in the development of the tumour and on the biomarkers for gastric cancer. We discuss the role of E-cadherin, HER2, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), MET, human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), microsatellite instability (MSI), PD-L1, and TP53. We have also considered in this manuscript new emerging biomarkers as matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), microRNAs, and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Conclusions Identifying and validating diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, and therapeutic biomarkers will have a huge impact on patients outcomes as they will allow early detection of tumours and also guide the choice of a targeted therapy based on specific molecular features of the cancer.
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Torabizadeh Z, Nosrati A, Sajadi Saravi SN, Yazdani Charati J, Janbabai G. Evaluation of E-cadherin Expression in Gastric Cancer and Its Correlation with Clinicopathologic Parameters. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res 2017; 11:158-164. [PMID: 28875011 PMCID: PMC5575728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. There are many genomic and molecular factors that cause gastric cancer to occur. Also, many markers that associate with tumor invasiveness have been known. E-cadherin is a calcium- mediated cell adhesion molecule. In some studies, abnormal expression of E-cadherin has been seen in gastric carcinoma. However, in the studies done there has been some conflicting information about abnormal expression of this marker in a variety of gastric carcinoma and also about the expression of this marker and its correlation with various clinicopathologic factors of tumor. Subjects andMethods: A case control study was performed on total or partial gastrectomy tissue samples obtained from 70 patients with gastric cancer and adjacent non-neoplastic tissues. The immunohistochemistry was used to assess E-cadherin expression. The correlation between abnormal E-cadherin expression and tumor histopathology was evaluated in all patients. Results: Among 70 patients who were analyzed, 48.6% showed abnormal E-cadherin expression. A significant correlation was seen between abnormal E-cadherin expression and tumor stage, grade, lymph node metastasis, tumor phenotype, tumor type, depth of invasion and age. Conclusion: Abnormal E-cadherin expression is a common phenomenon in gastric cancer. Because there was a strong correlation between abnormal E-cadherin expression and tumor stage, tumor grade, depth of invasion and regional lymph node involvement, this marker may be used as a predictive factor for tumor invasiveness in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhila Torabizadeh
- MD, Professor, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Gut and Liver Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Anahita Nosrati
- MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Neda Sajadi Saravi
- MD, Resident, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Jamshid Yazdani Charati
- MD, Associate Professor, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ghasem Janbabai
- MD, Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is an aggressive disease with a poor 5-year survival and large global burden of disease. The disease is biologically and genetically heterogeneous with a poorly understood carcinogenesis at the molecular level. Despite the many prognostic, predictive, and therapeutic biomarkers investigated to date, gastric cancer continues to be detected at an advanced stage with resultant poor clinical outcomes. MAIN BODY This is a global review of gastric biomarkers with an emphasis on HER2, E-cadherin, fibroblast growth factor receptor, mammalian target of rapamycin, and hepatocyte growth factor receptor as well as sections on microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, matrix metalloproteinases, PD-L1, TP53, and microsatellite instability. CONCLUSION A deeper understanding of the pathogenesis and biological features of gastric cancer, including the identification and characterization of diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, and therapeutic biomarkers, hopefully will provide improved clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Baniak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8 Canada
| | - Jenna-Lynn Senger
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, 116 St & 85 Ave, Edmonton, T6G 2R3, T6G 2B7 AB Canada
| | - Shahid Ahmed
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Saskatchewan, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8 Canada
| | - S. C. Kanthan
- Department of General Surgery, University of Saskatchewan, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8 Canada
| | - Rani Kanthan
- Department of General Surgery, University of Saskatchewan, 103 Hospital Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8 Canada
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12
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Zhu X, Cai L, Meng Q, Jin X. Gelsolin inhibits the proliferation and invasion of the 786-0 clear cell renal cell carcinoma cell line in vitro. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:6887-94. [PMID: 26398833 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of gelsolin (GSN) on the proliferation and invasion of the 786-0 clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) cell line in vitro. A GSN overexpression lentiviral vector was constructed and transfected into 786‑0 ccRCC cells in vitro. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol‑2‑yl)‑2,5‑diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was conducted to detect the effect of GSN on the proliferation and adhesion ability of the 786‑0 ccRCC cells, and a Transwell invasion assay was used to determine the effect of GSN on the invasion of 786‑0 ccRCC cells. In addition, the expression levels of invasion‑associated proteins, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2, MMP9 and E‑cadherin were analyzed by ELISA and western blotting. The MTT assay demonstrated a significantly lower optical density value for the 786‑0/GSN cells compared with that of the 786‑0/green fluorescent protein (GFP) and 786‑0 cells following 24‑ and 48‑h culture (P<0.05). The mean penetration rate of the 786‑0/GSN cells was significantly lower than that of the 786‑0/GFP and 786‑0 cells (P<0.05) according to the Transwell invasion assay. The expression levels of MMP2 and MMP9 were significantly decreased in the 786‑0/GSN cells, when compared with the 786‑0/GFP and 786‑0 cells following a 48‑h transfection, according to ELISA (P<0.001). Furthermore, in the 786‑0/GSN cells, the expression levels of MMP2 and MMP9 were markedly decreased, while the expression of E‑cadherin was markedly increased. Thus, the overexpression of GSN may inhibit the proliferation, adhesion ability and invasion of 786‑0 ccRCC cells. Additionally, GSN downregulated the expression of MMP2 and MMP9, and upregulated the expression of E‑cadherin in the 786‑0 ccRCC cells, which may have suppressed the invasion ability of the 786-0 ccRCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150010, P.R. China
| | - Limin Cai
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150089, P.R. China
| | - Qinggang Meng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Hospital of Harbin, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150010, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Jin
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
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Saadatian Z, Masotti A, Nariman Saleh Fam Z, Alipoor B, Bastami M, Ghaedi H. Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Within MicroRNAs Sequences and Their 3' UTR Target Sites May Regulate Gene Expression in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers. Iran Red Crescent Med J 2014; 16:e16659. [PMID: 25237569 PMCID: PMC4166088 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.16659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Esophageal, stomach, and colorectal cancers are commonly lethal gastrointestinal tract (GIT) neoplasms, causing almost two million deaths worldwide each year. some environmental risk factors are acknowledged; however, genetic defects can significantly contribute to predisposition to GIT cancers. Accordingly, recent works have shown that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within miRNAs coding sequence (miR-SNPs) and miRNA target sites (target-SNPs) may further contribute to increased risk of developing cancer. Objectives: In this study, we comprehensively identified miRNA-target gene pairs implicated in GIT cancers and catalogued the presence of potentially functional miR-SNPs and target-SNPs that impair the correct functional recognition. Materials and Methods: Using bioinformatics tools, manual literature review, and a highly accurate dataset of experimentally validated miRNA-target gene interactions, we compiled a list of miRNA-target genes pairs related to GIT cancers and prioritized them into different groups based on the levels of experimental support. Functional annotations (gene ontology) were applied to these pairs in each group to gain further information. Results: We identified 97 pairs in which both miRNAs and target genes were implicated in GIT cancers. Several pairs, denoted as highly polymorphic pairs, had both miR-SNPs and target-SNPs. In addition, more than 5000 miRNA-target gene pairs were identified in which, according to the previous reports, either the miRNAs or the target genes had a direct involvement in GIT cancers. More than 800 target-SNPs are located in regulatory regions that were extracted from the ENCODE project through the RegulomeDB database. Of these, 20 were classified as expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs). Conclusions: Our work provided a comprehensive source of prioritized and annotated candidate polymorphisms inside miRNAs and their target sites in GIT cancers, which would facilitate the process of choosing right candidate miRNA-target genes and related polymorphisms for future association or functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Saadatian
- Medical Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Andrea Masotti
- Gene Expression-Microarrays Laboratory, IRCCS Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Ziba Nariman Saleh Fam
- Medical Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Behnam Alipoor
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Milad Bastami
- Medical Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Genomic Research Center, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding Authors: Milad Bastami, Genomic Research Center, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-2122439959, Fax: +98-2122439961, E-mail: ; Hamid Ghaedi, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Velenjak st., Shahid Chamran Highway, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-2122439982, Fax: +98-2122439784, E-mail:
| | - Hamid Ghaedi
- Medical Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding Authors: Milad Bastami, Genomic Research Center, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-2122439959, Fax: +98-2122439961, E-mail: ; Hamid Ghaedi, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Velenjak st., Shahid Chamran Highway, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-2122439982, Fax: +98-2122439784, E-mail:
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Xi HQ, Cai AZ, Wu XS, Cui JX, Shen WS, Bian SB, Wang N, Li JY, Lu CR, Song Z, Wei B, Chen L. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 is associated with invasion, metastasis, and could be a potential therapeutic target in human gastric cancer. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:2011-20. [PMID: 24594994 PMCID: PMC3992491 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5), which is identified as a novel intestinal stem cell marker, is overexpressed in various tumours. In this study, we explore Lgr5 expression in gastric carcinoma and analyse its role in invasion, metastasis, and prognosis in carcinoma. Methods: A combination of immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction were used to detect mRNA and protein expression levels of Lgr5 and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2). Small interfering RNA against Lgr5 was designed, synthesised, and transfected into AGS cells. The effects of Lgr5 siRNA on cell invasion were detected by transwell invasion chamber assay and wound healing assay. Results: Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 expression was significantly higher in gastric carcinomas than in normal mucosa. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 expression positively correlated with the depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distance of metastasis, and MMP2 expression levels. Multivariate analysis showed that Lgr5 had an independent effect on survival, and that it positively correlated with MMP2. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 siRNAs inhibited Lgr5 mRNA and protein expression. Transwell assays indicated that these siRNAs resulted in significantly fewer cells migrating through the polycarbonate membrane, and wound healing assay also indicated that siRNAs decreased the migration of cells. Inhibition of Lgr5 resulted in a significant decrease in MMP2 and β-catenin levels compared with those in controls. Conclusions: Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 was correlated with invasion and metastasis. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 inhibition could serve as a novel therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Q Xi
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - A Z Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - X S Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - J X Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - W S Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - S B Bian
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - N Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - J Y Li
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - C R Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Z Song
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - B Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - L Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
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