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Abstract
Organophosphorus compounds play a vital role as nucleic acids, nucleotide coenzymes, metabolic intermediates and are involved in many biochemical processes. They are part of DNA, RNA, ATP and a number of important biological elements of living organisms. Synthetic compounds of this class have found practical application as agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, bioregulators, and othrs. In recent years, a large number of phosphorus compounds containing P-O, P-N, P-C bonds have been isolated from natural sources. Many of them have shown interesting biological properties and have become the objects of intensive scientific research. Most of these compounds contain asymmetric centers, the absolute configurations of which have a significant effect on the biological properties of the products of their transformations. This area of research on natural phosphorus compounds is still little-studied, that prompted us to analyze and discuss it in our review. Moreover natural organophosphorus compounds represent interesting models for the development of new biologically active compounds, and a number of promising drugs and agrochemicals have already been obtained on their basis. The review also discusses the history of the development of ideas about the role of organophosphorus compounds and stereochemistry in the origin of life on Earth, starting from the prebiotic period, that allows us in a new way to consider this most important problem of fundamental science.
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Trost BM, Shinde AH, Wang Y, Zuo Z, Min C. Palladium-Catalyzed Regio-, Enantio-, and Diastereoselective Asymmetric [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions: Synthesis of Chiral Cyclopentyl Phosphonates. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b05073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barry M. Trost
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Anand H. Shinde
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Youliang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Zhijun Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Chang Min
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Cypryk M, Drabowicz J, Gostynski B, Kudzin MH, Kudzin ZH, Urbaniak P. 1-(Acylamino)alkylphosphonic Acids-Alkaline Deacylation. Molecules 2018; 23:E859. [PMID: 29642559 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The alkaline deacylation of a representative series of 1-(acylamino)alkylphosphonic acids [(AC)-AAP: (AC) = Ac, TFA, Bz; AAP = GlyP, AlaP, ValP, PglP and PheP] in an aqueous solution of KOH (2M) was investigated. The results suggested a two-stage reaction mechanism with a quick interaction of the hydroxyl ion on the carbonyl function of the amide R-C(O)-N(H)- group in the first stage, which leads to instant formation of the intermediary acyl-hydroxyl adducts of R-C(O−)2-N(H)-, visible in the 31P NMR spectra. In the second stage, these intermediates decompose slowly by splitting of the RC(O−)2-N(H)- function with the subsequent formation of 1-aminoalkylphosphonate and carboxylate ions.
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Kramer G, Mohd A, Schwager SLU, Masuyer G, Acharya KR, Sturrock ED, Bachmann BO. Interkingdom pharmacology of Angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitor phosphonates produced by actinomycetes. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:346-51. [PMID: 24900839 PMCID: PMC4027624 DOI: 10.1021/ml4004588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The K-26 family of bacterial secondary metabolites are N-modified tripeptides terminated by an unusual phosphonate analog of tyrosine. These natural products, produced via three different actinomycetales, are potent inhibitors of human angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE). Herein we investigate the interkingdom pharmacology of the K-26 family by synthesizing these metabolites and assessing their potency as inhibitors of both the N-terminal and C-terminal domains of human ACE. In most cases, selectivity for the C-terminal domain of ACE is displayed. Co-crystallization of K-26 in both domains of human ACE reveals the structural basis of the potent inhibition and has shown an unusual binding motif that may guide future design of domain-selective inhibitors. Finally, the activity of K-26 is assayed against a cohort of microbially produced ACE relatives. In contrast to the synthetic ACE inhibitor captopril, which demonstrates broad interkingdom inhibition of ACE-like enzymes, K-26 selectively targets the eukaryotic family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenna
J. Kramer
- Vanderbilt
University Department of Chemistry, 7300 Stevenson Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37204, United States
| | - Akif Mohd
- University
of Bath, Department of Biology & Biochemistry, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Sylva L. U. Schwager
- University
of Cape Town, The Division of Medical Biochemistry,
Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | - Geoffrey Masuyer
- University
of Bath, Department of Biology & Biochemistry, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - K. Ravi Acharya
- University
of Bath, Department of Biology & Biochemistry, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Edward D. Sturrock
- University
of Cape Town, The Division of Medical Biochemistry,
Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | - Brian O. Bachmann
- Vanderbilt
University Department of Chemistry, 7300 Stevenson Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37204, United States
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Ju KS, Doroghazi JR, Metcalf WW. Genomics-enabled discovery of phosphonate natural products and their biosynthetic pathways. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 41:345-56. [PMID: 24271089 PMCID: PMC3946943 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-013-1375-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Phosphonate natural products have proven to be a rich source of useful pharmaceutical, agricultural, and biotechnology products, whereas study of their biosynthetic pathways has revealed numerous intriguing enzymes that catalyze unprecedented biochemistry. Here we review the history of phosphonate natural product discovery, highlighting technological advances that have played a key role in the recent advances in their discovery. Central to these developments has been the application of genomics, which allowed discovery and development of a global phosphonate metabolic framework to guide research efforts. This framework suggests that the future of phosphonate natural products remains bright, with many new compounds and pathways yet to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kou-San Ju
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801
| | - James R. Doroghazi
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801
| | - William W. Metcalf
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801
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Kodani S, Ohnishi-Kameyama M, Yoshida M, Ochi K. A New Siderophore Isolated from Streptomyces sp. TM-34 with Potent Inhibitory Activity Against Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201100189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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7
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Abstract
Natural products containing carbon-phosphorus bonds (phosphonic and phosphinic acids) have found widespread use in medicine and agriculture. Recent years have seen a renewed interest in the biochemistry and biology of these compounds with the cloning of the biosynthetic gene clusters for several family members. This review discusses the commonalities and differences in the molecular logic that lie behind the biosynthesis of these compounds. The current knowledge regarding the metabolic pathways and enzymes involved in the production of a number of natural products, including the approved antibiotic fosfomycin, the widely used herbicide phosphinothricin (PT), and the clinical candidate for treatment of malaria FR-900098, is presented. Many of the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of these compounds catalyze chemically and biologically unprecedented transformations, and a wealth of new biochemistry has been revealed through their study. These investigations have also suggested new strategies for natural product discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- William W Metcalf
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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10
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Gerber C, Seebach D. Dipeptide Derivatives with a Phosphonate Instead of Carboxylate Terminus byC-Alkylation of Protected (Decarboxy-dipeptidyl)phosphonates. Helv Chim Acta 1991. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19910740702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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11
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Abstract
Five analogs of S-t-butyl glutathione containing phosphonic analogs of glycine and glutamic acid were obtained by standard procedures of MA activation in solution. Simultaneous deprotection of phosphonic, carboxylic and amino groups was achieved in the silylation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- H E Witkowska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Technical University of Gdańsk, Poland
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Manthey A, Reuter G. Microbial synthesis of metabolites with antihypertensive activity: aspects of fermentation derived inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). J Basic Microbiol 1989; 29:623-39. [PMID: 2560484 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.3620290915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this review the microbial angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are described. Especially from the microbiological point of view the characteristics of these metabolites are given, e.g. occurrence, fermentation physiology and specificity. Besides these data, the structure, assays and some isolation problems are summarised. Apart from ACE inhibition the different biological activities of these secondary metabolites are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Manthey
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Mikrobielle Biochemie, Jena, DDR
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Umezawa H. Chapter 12 Enzyme Inhibitors Produced by Microorganisms. Separation Methods for Antimicrobials, Antivirals and Enzyme Inhibitors. Elsevier; 1989. pp. 481-538. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4770(08)60403-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Nisbet L, Westley J. Chapter 15. Developments In Microbial Products Screening. Elsevier; 1986. pp. 149-57. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(08)61125-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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15
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Abstract
Orally-active angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are rapidly establishing themselves in the therapy of hypertension and congestive heart failure. Concerted efforts in a number of laboratories have now led to the discovery or synthesis of an unparalleled variety of potent inhibitors. The manner in which several of these inhibitors bind to ACE is beginning to be understood. It is hoped that some of the insights to be derived from the SAR and structural studies done with ACE inhibitors will be applicable to other enzyme targets as well. The success of ACE inhibitors as pharmacological tools and in the clinic will also quite certainly encourage future efforts to develop new enzyme inhibitor approaches to drug therapy.
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