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Ali W, Xiao W, Jacobs D, Kajdacsy-Balla A. Survival and Enrichment Analysis of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Genes in Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1899. [PMID: 37895248 PMCID: PMC10606556 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The escalating prevalence of bladder cancer, particularly urothelial carcinoma, necessitates innovative approaches for prognosis and therapy. This study delves into the significance of genes related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process inherently linked to carcinogenesis and comparatively better studied in other cancers. We examined 1184 EMT-related gene expression levels in bladder urothelial cancer cases through the TCGA dataset. Genes shown to be differentially expressed in relation to survival underwent further network and enrichment analysis to uncover how they might shape disease outcomes. Our in silico analysis revealed a subset of 32 genes, including those significantly represented in biological pathways such as VEGF signaling and bacterium response. In addition, these genes interact with genes involved in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Additionally, some of those 32 genes have been linked to immunomodulators such as chemokines CCL15 and CCL18, as well as to various immune cell infiltrates. Our findings highlight the prognostic utility of various EMT-related genes and identify possible modulators of their effect on survival, allowing for further targeted wet lab research and possible therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Ali
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (W.X.); (D.J.)
| | - Weirui Xiao
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (W.X.); (D.J.)
| | - Daniel Jacobs
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; (W.X.); (D.J.)
| | - Andre Kajdacsy-Balla
- Professor of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60607, USA;
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van Gen Hassend PM, Pottikkadavath A, Delto C, Kuhn M, Endres M, Schönemann L, Schindelin H. RanBP9 controls the oligomeric state of CTLH complex assemblies. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102869. [PMID: 36621627 PMCID: PMC9932110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The CTLH (C-terminal to lissencephaly-1 homology motif) complex is a multisubunit RING E3 ligase with poorly defined substrate specificity and flexible subunit composition. Two key subunits, muskelin and Wdr26, specify two alternative CTLH complexes that differ in quaternary structure, thereby allowing the E3 ligase to presumably target different substrates. With the aid of different biophysical and biochemical techniques, we characterized CTLH complex assembly pathways, focusing not only on Wdr26 and muskelin but also on RanBP9, Twa1, and Armc8β subunits, which are critical to establish the scaffold of this E3 ligase. We demonstrate that the ability of muskelin to tetramerize and the assembly of Wdr26 into dimers define mutually exclusive oligomerization modules that compete with nanomolar affinity for RanBP9 binding. The remaining scaffolding subunits, Armc8β and Twa1, strongly interact with each other and with RanBP9, again with nanomolar affinity. Our data demonstrate that RanBP9 organizes subunit assembly and prevents higher order oligomerization of dimeric Wdr26 and the Armc8β-Twa1 heterodimer through its tight binding. Combined, our studies define alternative assembly pathways of the CTLH complex and elucidate the role of RanBP9 in governing differential oligomeric assemblies, thereby advancing our mechanistic understanding of CTLH complex architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Maria van Gen Hassend
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Institute of Structural Biology, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Aparna Pottikkadavath
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Institute of Structural Biology, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carolyn Delto
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Institute of Structural Biology, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Monika Kuhn
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Institute of Structural Biology, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michelle Endres
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Institute of Structural Biology, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lars Schönemann
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Institute of Structural Biology, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hermann Schindelin
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, Institute of Structural Biology, Würzburg, Germany.
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Huang Y, Jiang Z, Gao X, Luo P, Jiang X. ARMC Subfamily: Structures, Functions, Evolutions, Interactions, and Diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:791597. [PMID: 34912852 PMCID: PMC8666550 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.791597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Armadillo repeat-containing proteins (ARMCs) are widely distributed in eukaryotes and have important influences on cell adhesion, signal transduction, mitochondrial function regulation, tumorigenesis, and other processes. These proteins share a similar domain consisting of tandem repeats approximately 42 amino acids in length, and this domain constitutes a substantial platform for the binding between ARMCs and other proteins. An ARMC subfamily, including ARMC1∼10, ARMC12, and ARMCX1∼6, has received increasing attention. These proteins may have many terminal regions and play a critical role in various diseases. On the one hand, based on their similar central domain of tandem repeats, this ARMC subfamily may function similarly to other ARMCs. On the other hand, the unique domains on their terminals may cause these proteins to have different functions. Here, we focus on the ARMC subfamily (ARMC1∼10, ARMC12, and ARMCX1∼6), which is relatively conserved in vertebrates and highly conserved in mammals, particularly primates. We review the structures, biological functions, evolutions, interactions, and related diseases of the ARMC subfamily, which involve more than 30 diseases and 40 bypasses, including interactions and relationships between more than 100 proteins and signaling molecules. We look forward to obtaining a clearer understanding of the ARMC subfamily to facilitate further in-depth research and treatment of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Institue of Neurosurgery of People's Liberation Army of China (PLA), PLA's Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zijian Jiang
- Department of Hepato-biliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiangyu Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Institue of Neurosurgery of People's Liberation Army of China (PLA), PLA's Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaofan Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Institue of Neurosurgery of People's Liberation Army of China (PLA), PLA's Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Huffman N, Palmieri D, Coppola V. The CTLH Complex in Cancer Cell Plasticity. J Oncol 2019; 2019:4216750. [PMID: 31885576 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4216750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cell plasticity is the ability of cancer cells to intermittently morph into different fittest phenotypic states. Due to the intrinsic capacity to change their composition and interactions, protein macromolecular complexes are the ideal instruments for transient transformation. This review focuses on a poorly studied mammalian macromolecular complex called the CTLH (carboxy-terminal to LisH) complex. Currently, this macrostructure includes 11 known members (ARMC8, GID4, GID8, MAEA, MKLN1, RMND5A, RMND5B, RANBP9, RANBP10, WDR26, and YPEL5) and it has been shown to have E3-ligase enzymatic activity. CTLH proteins have been linked to all fundamental biological processes including proliferation, survival, programmed cell death, cell adhesion, and migration. At molecular level, the complex seems to interact and intertwine with key signaling pathways such as the PI3-kinase, WNT, TGFβ, and NFκB, which are key to cancer cell plasticity. As a whole, the CTLH complex is overexpressed in the most prevalent types of cancer and may hold the key to unlock many of the biological secrets that allow cancer cells to thrive in harsh conditions and resist antineoplastic therapy.
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Gul IS, Hulpiau P, Sanders E, van Roy F, van Hengel J. Armc8 is an evolutionarily conserved armadillo protein involved in cell-cell adhesion complexes through multiple molecular interactions. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20180604. [PMID: 30482882 PMCID: PMC6680376 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Armadillo-repeat-containing protein 8 (Armc8) belongs to the family of armadillo-repeat containing proteins, which have been found to be involved in diverse cellular functions including cell-cell contacts and intracellular signaling. By comparative analyses of armadillo repeat protein structures and genomes from various premetazoan and metazoan species, we identified orthologs of human Armc8 and analyzed in detail the evolutionary relationship of Armc8 genes and their encoded proteins. Armc8 is a highly ancestral armadillo protein although not present in yeast. Consequently, Armc8 is not the human ortholog of yeast Gid5/Vid28.Further, we performed a candidate approach to characterize new protein interactors of Armc8. Interactions between Armc8 and specific δ-catenins (plakophilins-1, -2, -3 and p0071) were observed by the yeast two-hybrid approach and confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and co-localization. We also showed that Armc8 interacts specifically with αE-catenin but neither with αN-catenin nor with αT-catenin. Degradation of αE-catenin has been reported to be important in cancer and to be regulated by Armc8. A similar process may occur with respect to plakophilins in desmosomes. Deregulation of desmosomal proteins has been considered to contribute to tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Sahin Gul
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Paco Hulpiau
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Howest, University College West Flanders, Bruges, Belgium
| | - Ellen Sanders
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frans van Roy
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexi Zhou
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China 241000; Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China 241000
| | - Wen Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China 241000; Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China 241000
| | - Yaqin Wang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China 241000; Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China 241000
| | - Lu Chen
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China 241000; Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China 241000
| | - Jiajie Luan
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China 241000; Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China 241000.
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Abstract
Armadillo repeat-containing protein 8 (ARMC8) plays an important role in regulating cell migration, proliferation, tissue maintenance, signal transduction, and tumorigenesis. However, the expression pattern and role of ARMC8 in osteosarcoma are still unclear. In this study, our aims were to examine the effects of ARMC8 on osteosarcoma and to explore its underlying mechanism. Our results demonstrated that ARMC8 was overexpressed in osteosarcoma cell lines. Knockdown of ARMC8 significantly inhibited osteosarcoma cell proliferation in vitro and markedly inhibited xenograft tumor growth in vivo. ARMC8 silencing also suppressed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype, as well as inhibited the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. Furthermore, knockdown of ARMC8 obviously inhibited the expression of β-catenin, c-Myc, and cyclin D1 in MG-63 cells. In conclusion, this report demonstrates that ARMC8 silencing inhibits proliferation and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. Therefore, ARMC8 may play an important role in the development and progression of human osteosarcoma and may represent a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- *Department of Orthopedics, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yan Shi
- †Department of Oncology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Hong Lu
- †Department of Oncology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Guojun Li
- *Department of Orthopedics, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, P.R. China
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