|
1
|
Barney J, Estee J, Lynch WG, Isobe T, Jhang G, Kurata-Nishimura M, McIntosh AB, Murakami T, Shane R, Tangwancharoen S, Tsang MB, Cerizza G, Kaneko M, Lee JW, Tsang CY, Wang R, Anderson C, Baba H, Chajecki Z, Famiano M, Hodges-Showalter R, Hong B, Kobayashi T, Lasko P, Łukasik J, Nakatsuka N, Olsen R, Otsu H, Pawłowski P, Pelczar K, Sakurai H, Santamaria C, Setiawan H, Taketani A, Winkelbauer JR, Xiao Z, Yennello SJ, Yurkon J, Zhang Y. The SπRIT time projection chamber. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:063302. [PMID: 34243507 DOI: 10.1063/5.0041191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Superconducting Analyzer for MUlti-particles from RAdioIsotope (SAMURAI) Pion-Reconstruction and Ion-Tracker Time Projection Chamber (SπRIT TPC) was designed to enable measurements of heavy ion collisions with the SAMURAI spectrometer at the RIKEN radioactive isotope beam factory and provides constraints on the equation of state of neutron-rich nuclear matter. The SπRIT TPC has a 50.5 cm drift length and an 86.4 × 134.4 cm2 pad plane with 12 096 pads that are equipped with the generic electronics for TPCs. The SπRIT TPC allows for an excellent reconstruction of particles and provides isotopic resolution for pions and other light charged particles across a wide range of energy losses and momenta. The details of the SπRIT TPC are presented, along with discussion of the TPC performance based on cosmic rays and charged particles emitted in heavy ion collisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Barney
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J Estee
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - W G Lynch
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - T Isobe
- RIKEN Nishina Center, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - G Jhang
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | | | - A B McIntosh
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - T Murakami
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kita-shirakawa, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - R Shane
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S Tangwancharoen
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - M B Tsang
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - G Cerizza
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - M Kaneko
- RIKEN Nishina Center, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J W Lee
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - C Y Tsang
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - R Wang
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - C Anderson
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Baba
- RIKEN Nishina Center, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Z Chajecki
- Department of Physics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA
| | - M Famiano
- Department of Physics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA
| | - R Hodges-Showalter
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - B Hong
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - T Kobayashi
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - P Lasko
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, ul. Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland
| | - J Łukasik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, ul. Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland
| | - N Nakatsuka
- RIKEN Nishina Center, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - R Olsen
- Gran Sasso National Laboratory-INFN, Via G. Acitelli 22, 67100 Assergi, L'Aquila AQ, Italy
| | - H Otsu
- RIKEN Nishina Center, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - P Pawłowski
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, ul. Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland
| | - K Pelczar
- Gran Sasso National Laboratory-INFN, Via G. Acitelli 22, 67100 Assergi, L'Aquila AQ, Italy
| | - H Sakurai
- RIKEN Nishina Center, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - C Santamaria
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Setiawan
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A Taketani
- RIKEN Nishina Center, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J R Winkelbauer
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Z Xiao
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - S J Yennello
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - J Yurkon
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Estee J, Lynch WG, Tsang CY, Barney J, Jhang G, Tsang MB, Wang R, Kaneko M, Lee JW, Isobe T, Kurata-Nishimura M, Murakami T, Ahn DS, Atar L, Aumann T, Baba H, Boretzky K, Brzychczyk J, Cerizza G, Chiga N, Fukuda N, Gasparic I, Hong B, Horvat A, Ieki K, Inabe N, Kim YJ, Kobayashi T, Kondo Y, Lasko P, Lee HS, Leifels Y, Łukasik J, Manfredi J, McIntosh AB, Morfouace P, Nakamura T, Nakatsuka N, Nishimura S, Otsu H, Pawłowski P, Pelczar K, Rossi D, Sakurai H, Santamaria C, Sato H, Scheit H, Shane R, Shimizu Y, Simon H, Snoch A, Sochocka A, Sumikama T, Suzuki H, Suzuki D, Takeda H, Tangwancharoen S, Toernqvist H, Togano Y, Xiao ZG, Yennello SJ, Zhang Y, Cozma MD. Probing the Symmetry Energy with the Spectral Pion Ratio. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:162701. [PMID: 33961456 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.162701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many neutron star properties, such as the proton fraction, reflect the symmetry energy contributions to the equation of state that dominate when neutron and proton densities differ strongly. To constrain these contributions at suprasaturation densities, we measure the spectra of charged pions produced by colliding rare isotope tin (Sn) beams with isotopically enriched Sn targets. Using ratios of the charged pion spectra measured at high transverse momenta, we deduce the slope of the symmetry energy to be 42<L<117 MeV. This value is slightly lower but consistent with the L values deduced from a recent measurement of the neutron skin thickness of ^{208}Pb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - M D Cozma
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- IFIN-HH, Reactorului 30, 077125 Măgurele-Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Jedele A, McIntosh AB, Hagel K, Huang M, Heilborn L, Kohley Z, May LW, McCleskey E, Youngs M, Zarrella A, Yennello SJ. Characterizing Neutron-Proton Equilibration in Nuclear Reactions with Subzeptosecond Resolution. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:062501. [PMID: 28234540 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.062501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We study neutron-proton equilibration in dynamically deformed atomic nuclei created in nuclear collisions. The two ends of the elongated nucleus are initially dissimilar in composition and equilibrate on a subzeptosecond time scale following first-order kinetics. We use angular momentum to relate the breakup orientation to the time scale of the breakup. The extracted rate constant is 3 zs^{-1}, which corresponds to a mean equilibration time of 0.3 zs. This technique enables new insight into the nuclear equation of state that governs many nuclear and astrophysical phenomena leading to the origin of the chemical elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Jedele
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Chemistry Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - A B McIntosh
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - K Hagel
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - M Huang
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - L Heilborn
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Chemistry Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Z Kohley
- National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - L W May
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Chemistry Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - E McCleskey
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - M Youngs
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - A Zarrella
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Chemistry Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - S J Yennello
- Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
- Chemistry Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| |
Collapse
|