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Ajili R, Boubaker F, Trigui S, Belkacem A, Brahim S, Lassoued N, Zantour B, Alaya W, Sfar H. Syndrome hypodipsie–hypernatrémie secondaire à une histiocytose hypophysaire. Annales d'Endocrinologie 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2021.08.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Schemoul J, Belkacem A, Medina F, Chahour A, Diallo K, Jaafar D, Badr C, Émilie S, Caraux-Paz P, Raffetin A. Les polyarthromyalgies chez les patients consultant pour suspicion de borréliose de Lyme sont évocatrices de pathologies organiques ? Med Mal Infect 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.06.426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bounhiol A, Schemoul J, Medina F, Belkacem A, Paoletti G, Fabre C, Jouenne R, Caraux-Paz P, Vignier N, Raffetin A. Parcours de soins des patients présentant une suspicion de borréliose de Lyme en ville et adressés dans un centre de prise en charge pluridisciplinaire hospitalier : quel apport ? Med Mal Infect 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.06.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Diallo K, Medina F, Belkacem A, Jaafar D, Badr C, Raffetin A, Patey O, Matin C, Toure G, Caraux-Paz P. Impact d’une intervention par une équipe transversale d’infectiologie en chirurgie maxillo-faciale. Med Mal Infect 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.06.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Slaughter DS, Weber T, Belkacem A, Trevisan CS, Lucchese RR, McCurdy CW, Rescigno TN. Selective bond-breaking in formic acid by dissociative electron attachment. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:13893-13902. [PMID: 32542241 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01522a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the results of a joint experimental and theoretical study of dissociative electron attachment to formic acid (HCOOH) in the 6-9 eV region, where H- fragment ions are a dominant product. Breaking of the C-H and O-H bonds is distinguished experimentally by deuteration of either site. We show that in this region H- ions can be produced by formation of two or possibly three Feshbach resonance (doubly-excited anion) states, one of which leads to either C-H or O-H bond scission, while the other can only produce formyloxyl radicals by O-H bond scission. Comparison of experimental and theoretical angular distributions of the anion fragment allows the elucidation of state specific pathways to dissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Slaughter
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
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6
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Raffetin A, Saunier A, Bouiller K, Caraux-Paz P, Eldin C, Gallien S, Jouenne R, Belkacem A, Salomon J, Patey O, Talagrand-Reboul E, Jaulhac B, Grillon A. Unconventional diagnostic tests for Lyme borreliosis: a systematic review. Clin Microbiol Infect 2019; 26:51-59. [PMID: 31306793 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2019.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lyme borreliosis (LB) diagnosis currently relies mainly on serological tests and sometimes PCR or culture. However, other biological assays are being developed to try to improve Borrelia-infection diagnosis and/or monitoring. OBJECTIVES To analyse available data on these unconventional LB diagnostic assays through a systematic literature review. METHODS We searched PubMed and Cochrane Library databases according to the PRISMA-DTA method and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. We analysed controlled and uncontrolled studies (published 1983-2018) on biological tests for adults to diagnose LB according to the European Study Group for Lyme Borreliosis or the Infectious Diseases Society of America definitions, or identify strongly suspected LB. Two independent readers evaluated study eligibility and extracted data from relevant study reports; a third reader analysed full texts of papers to resolve disagreements. The quality of each included study was assessed with the QUADAS-2 evaluation scale. RESULTS Forty studies were included: two meta-analyses, 25 prospective controlled studies, five prospective uncontrolled studies, six retrospective controlled studies and two case reports. These biological tests assessed can be classified as: (i) proven to be effective at diagnosing LB and already in use (CXCL-13 for neuroborreliosis), but not enough to be standardized; (ii) not yet used routinely, requiring further clinical evaluation (CCL-19, OspA and interferon-α); (iii) uncertain LB diagnostic efficacy because of controversial results and/or poor methodological quality of studies evaluating them (lymphocyte transformation test, interferon-γ, ELISPOT); (iv) unacceptably low sensitivity and/or specificity (CD57+ natural killer cells and rapid diagnostic tests); and (v) possible only for research purposes (microscopy and xenodiagnoses). DISCUSSION QUADAS-2 quality assessment demonstrated high risk of bias in 25/40 studies and uncertainty regarding applicability for 32/40, showing that in addition to PCR and serology, several other LB diagnostic assays have been developed but their sensitivities and specificities are heterogeneous and/or under-evaluated or unassessed. More studies are warranted to evaluate their performance parameters. The development of active infection biomarkers would greatly advance LB diagnosis and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Raffetin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Lucie-et-Raymond-Aubrac, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, France; ESCMID Study Group for Lyme Borreliosis - ESGBOR, Switzerland
| | - A Saunier
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Perigueux, Perigueux, France
| | - K Bouiller
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Besançon, Besançon, France; UMR CNRS 6249 Chrono-Environnement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - P Caraux-Paz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Lucie-et-Raymond-Aubrac, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, France
| | - C Eldin
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Aix-Marseille, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - S Gallien
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - R Jouenne
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Lucie-et-Raymond-Aubrac, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, France
| | - A Belkacem
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Lucie-et-Raymond-Aubrac, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, France
| | - J Salomon
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Raymond-Poincaré, Garches, France
| | - O Patey
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Lucie-et-Raymond-Aubrac, Villeneuve-Saint-Georges, France
| | - E Talagrand-Reboul
- EA 7290 Virulence Bactérienne Précoce, Université de Strasbourg, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Groupe Borréliose de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - B Jaulhac
- ESCMID Study Group for Lyme Borreliosis - ESGBOR, Switzerland; EA 7290 Virulence Bactérienne Précoce, Université de Strasbourg, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Groupe Borréliose de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Centre National de Référence des Borrelia, CHRU Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - A Grillon
- EA 7290 Virulence Bactérienne Précoce, Université de Strasbourg, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Groupe Borréliose de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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7
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Raffetin A, Belkacem A, Bounhiol A, Diallo K, Schemoul J, Paoletti G, Lim L, Medina F, Caraux-Paz P, Patey O. Être ou ne pas être une borréliose de Lyme ? Une approche pluridisciplinaire pour un diagnostic plus juste et un parcours de soin personnalisé. Med Mal Infect 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2019.04.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Larsen KA, Cryan JP, Shivaram N, Champenois EG, Wright TW, Ray D, Kostko O, Ahmed M, Belkacem A, Slaughter DS. VUV and XUV reflectance of optically coated mirrors for selection of high harmonics. Opt Express 2016; 24:18209-18216. [PMID: 27505785 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.018209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report the reflectance, ~1° from normal incidence, of six different mirrors as a function of photon energy, using monochromatic vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation with energies between 7.5 eV and 24.5 eV. The mirrors examined included both single and multilayer optical coatings, as well as an uncoated substrate. We discuss the performance of each mirror, paying particular attention to the potential application of suppression and selection of high-order harmonics of a Ti:sapphire laser.
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Belkacem A, Patey O, Breuil J, Jaulhac B, De Martino S, Caraux Paz P. ZOO-01 - Neuroborréliose de Lyme : revue rétrospective de 32 cas. Med Mal Infect 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(16)30578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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10
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Sturm FP, Wright TW, Ray D, Zalyubovskaya I, Shivaram N, Slaughter DS, Ranitovic P, Belkacem A, Weber T. Time resolved 3D momentum imaging of ultrafast dynamics by coherent VUV-XUV radiation. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:063110. [PMID: 27370429 DOI: 10.1063/1.4953441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present a new experimental setup for measuring ultrafast nuclear and electron dynamics of molecules after photo-excitation and ionization. We combine a high flux femtosecond vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and extreme ultraviolet (XUV) source with an internally cold molecular beam and a 3D momentum imaging particle spectrometer to measure electrons and ions in coincidence. We describe a variety of tools developed to perform pump-probe studies in the VUV-XUV spectrum and to modify and characterize the photon beam. First benchmark experiments are presented to demonstrate the capabilities of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- F P Sturm
- Ultrafast X-Ray Science Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - T W Wright
- Ultrafast X-Ray Science Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Ray
- Ultrafast X-Ray Science Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - I Zalyubovskaya
- Ultrafast X-Ray Science Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N Shivaram
- Ultrafast X-Ray Science Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D S Slaughter
- Ultrafast X-Ray Science Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P Ranitovic
- Ultrafast X-Ray Science Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Belkacem
- Ultrafast X-Ray Science Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Th Weber
- Ultrafast X-Ray Science Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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11
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Ouerghi O, Diouani MF, Belkacem A, Elsanousi A, Jaffrezic-Renault N. Adjunction of Avidin to a Cysteamine Self-Assembled Monolayer for Impedimetric Immunosensor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/jbnb.2016.71001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Douguet N, Slaughter DS, Adaniya H, Belkacem A, Orel AE, Rescigno TN. Signatures of bond formation and bond scission dynamics in dissociative electron attachment to methane. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:25621-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04178c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We show that a single T2 resonance can explain the 10 eV dissociative electron attachment peak in methane.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Douguet
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- University of California
- Davis
- USA
| | - D. S. Slaughter
- Chemical Sciences Division
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley
- USA
| | - H. Adaniya
- Chemical Sciences Division
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley
- USA
| | - A. Belkacem
- Chemical Sciences Division
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley
- USA
| | - A. E. Orel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- University of California
- Davis
- USA
| | - T. N. Rescigno
- Chemical Sciences Division
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley
- USA
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13
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Bercot B, Belkacem A, Goubard A, Mougari F, Sednaoui P, La Ruche G, Cambau E. High-level azithromycin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae clinical isolate in France, March 2014. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 19. [PMID: 25394255 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es2014.19.44.20951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We report the first case in France of a high-level azithromycin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 96 mg/L) assigned to MLST7363 (NG-MAST ST6360), also resistant to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline but susceptible to ceftriaxone. The patient was a 51 year-old heterosexual man who returned following 1g azithromycin monotherapy. Mechanisms of azithromycin resistance were a C2599T mutation in the four copies of the rrl gene and a novel mutation in the promoter of the mtrR gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bercot
- APHP, Lariboisiere-St Louis-Fernand Widal Hospital, Laboratory of Bacteriology-Virology, Associated Laboratory for the National Reference Centre for gonococci, Paris, France
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14
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Kawarai Y, Weber T, Azuma Y, Winstead C, McKoy V, Belkacem A, Slaughter DS. Dynamics of the Dissociating Uracil Anion Following Resonant Electron Attachment. J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:3854-3858. [PMID: 26278760 DOI: 10.1021/jz501907d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report a combined experimental and theoretical investigation of dissociative electron attachment (DEA) to the nucleobase uracil. Using ion momentum imaging experiments employing a DEA reaction microscope we have measured 3-dimensional momentum distributions of specific anionic fragments following DEA to uracil by 6 eV electrons. From the measured anion fragment kinetic energy we determine the possible dissociation pathways and the total kinetic energy release. We employ electronic structure and electron scattering calculations to determine the probability for electron attachment in the molecular frame. Combining these calculations with the imaging measurements, we reveal several key features of the coupled electronic and nuclear dynamics of DEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kawarai
- †Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1, Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
- ‡Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Th Weber
- ‡Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Y Azuma
- †Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1, Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - C Winstead
- ¶A. A. Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - V McKoy
- ¶A. A. Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - A Belkacem
- ‡Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - D S Slaughter
- ‡Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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15
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Schöffler MS, Stuck C, Waitz M, Trinter F, Jahnke T, Lenz U, Jones M, Belkacem A, Landers AL, Pindzola MS, Cocke CL, Colgan J, Kheifets A, Bray I, Schmidt-Böcking H, Dörner R, Weber T. Ejection of quasi-free-electron pairs from the helium-atom ground state by single-photon absorption. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:013003. [PMID: 23862999 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.013003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the single-photon double ionization of helium at photon energies of 440 and 800 eV. We observe doubly charged ions with close to zero momentum corresponding to electrons emitted back to back with equal energy. These slow ions are the unique fingerprint of an elusive quasifree photon double ionization mechanism predicted by Amusia et al. nearly four decades ago [J. Phys. B 8, 1248 (1975)]. It results from the nondipole part of the electromagnetic interaction. Our experimental data are supported by calculations performed using the convergent close-coupling and time-dependent close-coupling methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Schöffler
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
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16
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Williams JB, Trevisan CS, Schöffler MS, Jahnke T, Bocharova I, Kim H, Ulrich B, Wallauer R, Sturm F, Rescigno TN, Belkacem A, Dörner R, Weber T, McCurdy CW, Landers AL. Imaging polyatomic molecules in three dimensions using molecular frame photoelectron angular distributions. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 108:233002. [PMID: 23003951 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.233002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a method for determining the full three-dimensional molecular-frame photoelectron angular distribution in polyatomic molecules using methane as a prototype. Simultaneous double Auger decay and subsequent dissociation allow measurement of the initial momentum vectors of the ionic fragments and the photoelectron in coincidence, allowing full orientation by observing a three-ion decay pathway, (H+, H+, CH2(+)). We find the striking result that at low photoelectron energies the molecule is effectively imaged by the focusing of photoelectrons along bond directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Williams
- Department of Physics, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
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17
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Allison TK, Tao H, Glover WJ, Wright TW, Stooke AM, Khurmi C, van Tilborg J, Liu Y, Falcone RW, Martínez TJ, Belkacem A. Ultrafast internal conversion in ethylene. II. Mechanisms and pathways for quenching and hydrogen elimination. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:124317. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3697760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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18
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Adaniya H, Slaughter DS, Osipov T, Weber T, Belkacem A. A momentum imaging microscope for dissociative electron attachment. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:023106. [PMID: 22380078 DOI: 10.1063/1.3685244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We describe an experimental approach to image the three-dimensional (3D) momentum distribution of the negative ions arising from dissociative electron attachment (DEA). The experimental apparatus employs a low energy pulsed electron gun, an effusive gas source and a 4π solid-angle ion momentum imaging spectrometer consisting of a pulsed ion extraction field, an electrostatic lens, and a time- and position-sensitive detector. The time-of-flight and impact position of each negative ion are measured event by event in order to image the full 3D ion momentum sphere. The system performance is tested by measuring the anion momentum distributions from two DEA resonances, namely H(-) from H(2)O(-) ((2)B(1)) and O(-) from O(2)(-) ((2)Π(u)). The results are compared with existing experimental and theoretical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Adaniya
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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19
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Moshammer R, Pfeifer T, Rudenko A, Jiang YH, Foucar L, Kurka M, Kühnel KU, Schröter CD, Ullrich J, Herrwerth O, Kling MF, Liu XJ, Motomura K, Fukuzawa H, Yamada A, Ueda K, Ishikawa KL, Nagaya K, Iwayama H, Sugishima A, Mizoguchi Y, Yase S, Yao M, Saito N, Belkacem A, Nagasono M, Higashiya A, Yabashi M, Ishikawa T, Ohashi H, Kimura H, Togashi T. Second-order autocorrelation of XUV FEL pulses via time resolved two-photon single ionization of He. Opt Express 2011; 19:21698-21706. [PMID: 22109020 DOI: 10.1364/oe.19.021698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Second-order autocorrelation spectra of XUV free-electron laser pulses from the Spring-8 Compact SASE Source (SCSS) have been recorded by time and momentum resolved detection of two-photon single ionization of He at 20.45 eV using a split-mirror delay-stage in combination with high-resolution recoil-ion momentum spectroscopy (COLTRIMS). From the autocorrelation trace we extract a coherence time of 8 ± 2 fs and a mean pulse duration of 28 ± 5 fs, much shorter than estimations based on electron bunch-length measurements. Simulations within the partial coherence model [Opt. Lett. 35, 3441 (2010)] are in agreement with experiment if a pulse-front tilt across the FEL beam diameter is taken into account that leads to a temporal shift of about 6 fs between both pulse replicas.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Moshammer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Tao H, Allison TK, Wright TW, Stooke AM, Khurmi C, van Tilborg J, Liu Y, Falcone RW, Belkacem A, Martinez TJ. Ultrafast internal conversion in ethylene. I. The excited state lifetime. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:244306. [PMID: 21721629 DOI: 10.1063/1.3604007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a combined theoretical and experimental approach, we investigate the non-adiabatic dynamics of the prototypical ethylene (C(2)H(4)) molecule upon π → π∗ excitation. In this first part of a two part series, we focus on the lifetime of the excited electronic state. The femtosecond time-resolved photoelectron spectrum (TRPES) of ethylene is simulated based on our recent molecular dynamics simulation using the ab initio multiple spawning method with multi-state second order perturbation theory [H. Tao, B. G. Levine, and T. J. Martinez, J. Phys. Chem. A 113, 13656 (2009)]. We find excellent agreement between the TRPES calculation and the photoion signal observed in a pump-probe experiment using femtosecond vacuum ultraviolet (hν = 7.7 eV) pulses for both pump and probe. These results explain the apparent discrepancy over the excited state lifetime between theory and experiment that has existed for ten years, with experiments [e.g., P. Farmanara, V. Stert, and W. Radloff, Chem. Phys. Lett. 288, 518 (1998) and K. Kosma, S. A. Trushin, W. Fuss, and W. E. Schmid, J. Phys. Chem. A 112, 7514 (2008)] reporting much shorter lifetimes than predicted by theory. Investigation of the TRPES indicates that the fast decay of the photoion yield originates from both energetic and electronic factors, with the energetic factor playing a larger role in shaping the signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tao
- Department of Chemistry and PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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21
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Jiang YH, Rudenko A, Herrwerth O, Foucar L, Kurka M, Kühnel KU, Lezius M, Kling MF, van Tilborg J, Belkacem A, Ueda K, Düsterer S, Treusch R, Schröter CD, Moshammer R, Ullrich J. Ultrafast extreme ultraviolet induced isomerization of acetylene cations. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 105:263002. [PMID: 21231652 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.263002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafast isomerization of acetylene cations ([HC=CH](+)) in the low-lying excited A(2)Σ(g)(+) state, populated by the absorption of extreme ultraviolet (XUV) photons (38 eV), has been observed at the Free Electron Laser in Hamburg, (FLASH). Recording coincident fragments C(+) + CH2(+) as a function of time between XUV-pump and -probe pulses, generated by a split-mirror device, we find an isomerization time of 52±15 fs in a kinetic energy release (KER) window of 5.8<KER<8 eV, providing clear evidence for the existence of a fast, nonradiative decay channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Jiang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg, Germany
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22
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Allison TK, Wright TW, Stooke AM, Khurmi C, van Tilborg J, Liu Y, Falcone RW, Belkacem A. Femtosecond spectroscopy with vacuum ultraviolet pulse pairs. Opt Lett 2010; 35:3664-3666. [PMID: 21042384 DOI: 10.1364/ol.35.003664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We combine different wavelengths from an intense high-order harmonics source with variable delay at the focus of a split-mirror interferometer to conduct pump-probe experiments on gas-phase molecules. We report measurements of the time resolution (<44 fs) and spatial profiles (4 μm × 12 μm) at the focus of the apparatus. We demonstrate the utility of this two-color, high-order-harmonic technique by time resolving molecular hydrogen elimination from C(2)H(4) excited into its absorption band at 161 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Allison
- Department of Physics, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
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23
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Cryan JP, Glownia JM, Andreasson J, Belkacem A, Berrah N, Blaga CI, Bostedt C, Bozek J, Buth C, DiMauro LF, Fang L, Gessner O, Guehr M, Hajdu J, Hertlein MP, Hoener M, Kornilov O, Marangos JP, March AM, McFarland BK, Merdji H, Petrović VS, Raman C, Ray D, Reis D, Tarantelli F, Trigo M, White JL, White W, Young L, Bucksbaum PH, Coffee RN. Auger electron angular distribution of double core-hole states in the molecular reference frame. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 105:083004. [PMID: 20868096 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.083004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The Linac Coherent Light Source free electron laser is a source of high brightness x rays, 2×10(11) photons in a ∼5 fs pulse, that can be focused to produce double core vacancies through rapid sequential ionization. This enables double core vacancy Auger electron spectroscopy, an entirely new way to study femtosecond chemical dynamics with Auger electrons that probe the local valence structure of molecules near a specific atomic core. Using 1.1 keV photons for sequential x-ray ionization of impulsively aligned molecular nitrogen, we observed a rich single-site double core vacancy Auger electron spectrum near 413 eV, in good agreement with ab initio calculations, and we measured the corresponding Auger electron angle dependence in the molecular frame.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Cryan
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, The PULSE Institute for Ultrafast Energy Science, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.
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24
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Glownia JM, Cryan J, Andreasson J, Belkacem A, Berrah N, Blaga CI, Bostedt C, Bozek J, DiMauro LF, Fang L, Frisch J, Gessner O, Gühr M, Hajdu J, Hertlein MP, Hoener M, Huang G, Kornilov O, Marangos JP, March AM, McFarland BK, Merdji H, Petrovic VS, Raman C, Ray D, Reis DA, Trigo M, White JL, White W, Wilcox R, Young L, Coffee RN, Bucksbaum PH. Time-resolved pump-probe experiments at the LCLS. Opt Express 2010; 18:17620-30. [PMID: 20721148 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.017620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The first time-resolved x-ray/optical pump-probe experiments at the SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) used a combination of feedback methods and post-analysis binning techniques to synchronize an ultrafast optical laser to the linac-based x-ray laser. Transient molecular nitrogen alignment revival features were resolved in time-dependent x-ray-induced fragmentation spectra. These alignment features were used to find the temporal overlap of the pump and probe pulses. The strong-field dissociation of x-ray generated quasi-bound molecular dications was used to establish the residual timing jitter. This analysis shows that the relative arrival time of the Ti:Sapphire laser and the x-ray pulses had a distribution with a standard deviation of approximately 120 fs. The largest contribution to the jitter noise spectrum was the locking of the laser oscillator to the reference RF of the accelerator, which suggests that simple technical improvements could reduce the jitter to better than 50 fs.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Glownia
- The PULSE Institute for Ultrafast Energy Science, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025. USA.
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25
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Adaniya H, Rudek B, Osipov T, Haxton DJ, Weber T, Rescigno TN, McCurdy CW, Belkacem A. Imaging the molecular dynamics of dissociative electron attachment to water. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:233201. [PMID: 20366147 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.233201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Momentum imaging experiments on dissociative electron attachment (DEA) to a water molecule are combined with ab initio theoretical calculations of the angular dependence of the quantum mechanical amplitude for electron attachment to provide a detailed picture of the molecular dynamics of dissociation attachment via the two lowest energy Feshbach resonances. The combination of momentum imaging experiments and theory can reveal dissociation dynamics for which the axial recoil approximation breaks down and thus provides a powerful reaction microscope for DEA to polyatomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Adaniya
- Department of Applied Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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26
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Landers AL, Robicheaux F, Jahnke T, Schöffler M, Osipov T, Titze J, Lee SY, Adaniya H, Hertlein M, Ranitovic P, Bocharova I, Akoury D, Bhandary A, Weber T, Prior MH, Cocke CL, Dörner R, Belkacem A. Angular correlation between photoelectrons and auger electrons from K-shell ionization of neon. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:223001. [PMID: 19658860 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.223001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2008] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We have used cold target recoil ion momentum spectroscopy to study the continuum correlation between the photoelectron of core-photoionized neon and the subsequent Auger electron. We observe a strong angular correlation between the two electrons. Classical trajectory Monte Carlo calculations agree quite well with the photoelectron energy distribution that is shifted due to the potential change associated with Auger decay. However, a striking discrepancy results in the distribution of the relative angle between Auger and photoelectron. The classical model predicts a shift in photoelectron flux away from the Auger emission direction, and the data strikingly reveal that the flux is lost rather than diverted, indicating that the two-step interpretation of photoionization followed by Auger emission is insufficient to fully describe the core-photoionization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Landers
- Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, 36849, USA.
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27
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Allison TK, van Tilborg J, Wright TW, Hertlein MP, Falcone RW, Belkacem A. Separation of high order harmonics with fluoride windows. Opt Express 2009; 17:8941-8946. [PMID: 19466143 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.008941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The ensemble of lower orders produced in high order harmonic generation can be efficiently temporally separated by propagation in a fluoride window while still preserving their femtosecond pulse duration. We present calculations for MgF2, CaF2, and LiF windows for the third, fifth, and seventh harmonics of 800 nm. We use this simple and inexpensive technique in a pump/probe experiment to resolve femtosecond dynamics in the ethylene molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Allison
- Dept. of Physics, University of California, Berkeley 366 LeConte Hall, Berkeley CA, 94720, USA.
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28
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Schöffler MS, Titze J, Petridis N, Jahnke T, Cole K, Schmidt LPH, Czasch A, Akoury D, Jagutzki O, Williams JB, Cherepkov NA, Semenov SK, McCurdy CW, Rescigno TN, Cocke CL, Osipov T, Lee S, Prior MH, Belkacem A, Landers AL, Schmidt-Böcking H, Weber T, Dörner R. Ultrafast probing of core hole localization in N2. Science 2008; 320:920-3. [PMID: 18487190 DOI: 10.1126/science.1154989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Although valence electrons are clearly delocalized in molecular bonding frameworks, chemists and physicists have long debated the question of whether the core vacancy created in a homonuclear diatomic molecule by absorption of a single x-ray photon is localized on one atom or delocalized over both. We have been able to clarify this question with an experiment that uses Auger electron angular emission patterns from molecular nitrogen after inner-shell ionization as an ultrafast probe of hole localization. The experiment, along with the accompanying theory, shows that observation of symmetry breaking (localization) or preservation (delocalization) depends on how the quantum entangled Bell state created by Auger decay is detected by the measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Schöffler
- Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
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29
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Kreidi K, Akoury D, Jahnke T, Weber T, Staudte A, Schöffler M, Neumann N, Titze J, Schmidt LPH, Czasch A, Jagutzki O, Costa Fraga RA, Grisenti RE, Smolarski M, Ranitovic P, Cocke CL, Osipov T, Adaniya H, Thompson JC, Prior MH, Belkacem A, Landers AL, Schmidt-Böcking H, Dörner R. Interference in the collective electron momentum in double photoionization of H2. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 100:133005. [PMID: 18517946 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.133005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We investigate single-photon double ionization of H(2) by 130 to 240 eV circularly polarized photons. We find a double slitlike interference pattern in the sum momentum of both electrons in the molecular frame which survives integration over all other degrees of freedom. The difference momentum and the individual electron momentum distributions do not show such a robust interference pattern. We show that this interference results from a non-Heitler-London fraction of the H(2) ground state where both electrons are at the same atomic center.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kreidi
- Institut für Kernphysik, J.W. Goethe Universität, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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30
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Legeais J, Belkacem A, Doat M, Savoldelli M. 058 Greffe de cornée et Laser femtoseconde. J Fr Ophtalmol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0181-5512(08)70653-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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31
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Akoury D, Kreidi K, Jahnke T, Weber T, Staudte A, Schöffler M, Neumann N, Titze J, Schmidt LPH, Czasch A, Jagutzki O, Costa Fraga RA, Grisenti RE, Díez Muiño R, Cherepkov NA, Semenov SK, Ranitovic P, Cocke CL, Osipov T, Adaniya H, Thompson JC, Prior MH, Belkacem A, Landers AL, Schmidt-Böcking H, Dörner R. The simplest double slit: interference and entanglement in double photoionization of H2. Science 2007; 318:949-52. [PMID: 17991857 DOI: 10.1126/science.1144959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The wave nature of particles is rarely observed, in part because of their very short de Broglie wavelengths in most situations. However, even with wavelengths close to the size of their surroundings, the particles couple to their environment (for example, by gravity, Coulomb interaction, or thermal radiation). These couplings shift the wave phases, often in an uncontrolled way, and the resulting decoherence, or loss of phase integrity, is thought to be a main cause of the transition from quantum to classical behavior. How much interaction is needed to induce this transition? Here we show that a photoelectron and two protons form a minimum particle/slit system and that a single additional electron constitutes a minimum environment. Interference fringes observed in the angular distribution of a single electron are lost through its Coulomb interaction with a second electron, though the correlated momenta of the entangled electron pair continue to exhibit quantum interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Akoury
- Institut für Kernphysik, University Frankfurt, Max von Laue Str 1, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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32
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Martín F, Fernández J, Havermeier T, Foucar L, Weber T, Kreidi K, Schöffler M, Schmidt L, Jahnke T, Jagutzki O, Czasch A, Benis EP, Osipov T, Landers AL, Belkacem A, Prior MH, Schmidt-Böcking H, Cocke CL, Dörner R. Single Photon-Induced Symmetry Breaking of H2 Dissociation. Science 2007; 315:629-33. [PMID: 17272717 DOI: 10.1126/science.1136598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
H2, the smallest and most abundant molecule in the universe, has a perfectly symmetric ground state. What does it take to break this symmetry? We found that the inversion symmetry can be broken by absorption of a linearly polarized photon, which itself has inversion symmetry. In particular, the emission of a photoelectron with subsequent dissociation of the remaining H+2 fragment shows no symmetry with respect to the ionic H+ and neutral H atomic fragments. This lack of symmetry results from the entanglement between symmetric and antisymmetric H+2 states that is caused by autoionization. The mechanisms behind this symmetry breaking are general for all molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Martín
- Departamento de Química, C-9, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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33
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Belkacem A. [Profile of prescription of psychotropic drugs in a National Fund of Social Foresight Organisation in Morocco]. Encephale 2006; 32:335-40. [PMID: 16840927 DOI: 10.1016/s0013-7006(06)76161-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psychotropic drugs have undergone significant development in the last few years and their prescription is no longer limited to psychiatrists alone but also to other specialists and general practitioners. In Morocco, many topical questions arise regarding the profile of the prescription of psychotropic drugs. DESIGN of the study. The present work is a transverse epidemiological study carried out by the CNOPS (National Fund of Social Foresight Organisations) consisting on the random selection of prescriptions drawn-up during the year 1997. The research work consisted at first in making the whole prescriptions including at least one psychotropic drug. Subsequently, we considered various parameters (age, gender, number and family of psychotropic drugs, prescriber, associations between psychotropic drugs...). RESULTS Four percent of prescriptions included at least one psychotropic drug, 64.1% included one psychotropic drug and more than 33% included 2 to 3 psychotropic drugs. We have noticed a slight female predominance and half of the prescribed psychotropics was prescribed to patients aged between 40 and 60 years. General practitioners ranked first among doctors who prescribed psychotropic drugs (27.7%) followed by psychiatric-s (19%). Among psychotic-type drugs, anxiolytics dominated in the prescriptions (44.9%) followed by neuroleptics (25.2%), antidepressants (18.7%) and finally hypnotics (3%). Women consumed more anxiolytics and antidepressants than men. Among prescriptions drawn-up by general practitioners 52.4% were composed of anxiolytics. Psychiatrists prescribed neuroleptics in 35.3% of cases, then anxiolytics in 35.2%, and antidepressants in 28.7% of cases. Hypnotics concerned only 2.2% of their prescriptions. For the other specialists, the majority of prescriptions were for anxiolytics. Monotherapy was respected in 64.1% of cases. Antidepressants were combined associated with anxiolytics in more than 55% of cases. CONCLUSION Psychotropic drugs are prescribed more by general practitioners than by psychiatric-s, and anxiolytics constitute the main component of the prescriptions, bearing in mind that women consume more anxiolytics and antidepressants than men.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Belkacem
- Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire de l'Hôpital Arrazi de Salé, CHU Rabat, Salé, Maroc
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Azizi L, Henon A, Belkacem A, Monnier-Cholley L, Tubiana JM, Arrivé L. Infected aortic aneurysms: CT features. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 29:716-20. [PMID: 15185036 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-004-0171-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2003] [Accepted: 01/21/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Azizi
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, 184 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
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35
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Glover TE, Ackerman GD, Belkacem A, Heimann PA, Hussain Z, Lee RW, Padmore HA, Ray C, Schoenlein RW, Steele WF, Young DA. Metal-insulator transitions in an expanding metallic fluid: particle formation kinetics. Phys Rev Lett 2003; 90:236102. [PMID: 12857274 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.90.236102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Core-level photoemission spectroscopy provides a local probe of expansion dynamics and associated transient chemical properties as a highly pressurized, metallic fluid expands into vacuum following impulsive heating of a semiconductor by an intense, ultrashort laser pulse. Transient photoemission peak shifts reveal that metal-insulator transitions occur rapidly following laser heating. These experiments probe constituents species and solidification kinetics occurring in the early moments of material ejection and provide insight into how particles arise in the current laser ablation regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Glover
- Advanced Light Source Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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36
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Dauvergne D, Belkacem A, Barrué F, Bocquet JP, Chevallier M, Feinberg B, Kirsch R, Poizat JC, Ray C, Rebreyend D. Measurement of vacuum-assisted photoionization at 1 GeV for Au and Ag targets. Phys Rev Lett 2003; 90:153002. [PMID: 12732031 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.90.153002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report a measurement of photon impact ionization of K and L shell of Au and K shell of Ag targets in the 1-GeV energy range. We show that the cross section is dominated by a contribution from a new channel called vacuum-assisted photoionization. In this process the energy-momentum balance associated with the removal of the innershell electron is obtained by conversion of a high-energy photon into an electron-positron pair. This measurement is consistent with the theoretical prediction that vacuum-assisted photoionization is the most probable ionization mechanism at very high energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Dauvergne
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon I, 4 rue E. Fermi, F-69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
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37
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Arrivé L, Monnier-Cholley L, Serru V, Carrat F, Vassal T, Dahan H, Bouras T, Jomaah N, Le Hir P, Azizi L, Belkacem A, Lewin M, Tubiana JM, Robert A. [D-Dimer determination combined with clinical probability for the diagnosis of leg venous thrombosis]. J Radiol 2002; 83:337-40. [PMID: 11979227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the results of combination of D-Dimer test and simple clinical model for the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Inclusion: clinical suspicion of DVT. Non inclusion criteria were Clinical model performed by the referring physician included probability varying from high to low. D-Dimer test was performed by five different rapid techniques. Standard of reference was Doppler ultrasonography (DU) performed by a senior radiologist. RESULTS Eight hundred and fifty-four DU were performed on a 14 months time period, including 206 suspicion of pulmonary embolism, 109 postoperative time period, 120 non-included or excluded patients, 278 incomplete observations, 141 complete observations. DVT was present in 33 cases and absent in the other 108 cases (prevalence 23%). Sensitivity and negative predictive value of the five tests were between 82 and 97% and 90 et 97%. The most sensitive test had a specificity of 36% and a positive predictive value of 32%. Combination of clinical model and D-Dimer test did not improve the diagnostic accuracy. CONCLUSION None of the test evaluated in the present study, even when combined with the clinical model results, did allow the exclusion of DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Arrivé
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, 184 rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris.
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38
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Tremey B, Guglielminotti J, Belkacem A, Maury E, Offenstadt G. Acute respiratory failure after re-expansion pulmonary oedema localised to a lobe. Intensive Care Med 2001; 27:325-6. [PMID: 11280663 DOI: 10.1007/s001340000745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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39
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Arrivé L, Renard R, Carrat F, Belkacem A, Dahan H, Le Hir P, Monnier-Cholley L, Tubiana JM. A scale of methodological quality for clinical studies of radiologic examinations. Radiology 2000; 217:69-74. [PMID: 11012425 DOI: 10.1148/radiology.217.1.r00oc0669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop and evaluate a scale for assessment of the methodological quality for clinical investigations of radiologic studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS A scale was developed that included methodological standards compiled from established sources for assessing the methodological quality of study designs in clinical research and characteristics related to biases commonly observed in clinical radiologic research. The scale was composed of 15 standards and was tested with the results of 96 studies on imaging of liver hemangioma. Interrater reliability was measured between two observers by using percentage agreement and kappa statistics. Interrater reliability between two observers for a composite quality index that encompassed the 15 standards was measured with the intraclass correlation coefficient. RESULTS Agreement between the two observers was almost perfect (kappa value, 0.8-1.0) for 11 standards and substantial (kappa value, 0.74-0.78) for four standards. Agreement between the observers with regard to the composite quality index also was high (intraclass correlation coefficient r, 0.91 [95% CI: 0.87, 0.94]). CONCLUSION The scale appears to be reliable for the assessment of methodological quality of clinical investigations of radiologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Arrivé
- Department of Radiology, and the Unit of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculté de Médecine, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, 184 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Antoine, 75571 Paris 12, France.
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40
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Affiliation(s)
- L Azizi
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
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Benchekroun TS, Kriouil A, Belkacem A, Jorio-Benkhraba M, el Fakir Y, Benhammou M, Outarahout O, el Malki-Tazi A. [Urogenital tuberculosis in children]. Arch Pediatr 1997; 4:857-61. [PMID: 9345568 DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(97)88155-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis of the uro-genital tract is uncommon in both sexes before puberty. CASE REPORTS Case 1. A 10 year-old boy suffered from chronic cystitis. Urine examination showed pyuria without bacteria and absence of mycobacterium tuberculosis on direct smears and culture. Intravenous pyelography showed left ureterohydronephrosis and a non functioning right kidney with calcifications. A right nephrectomy was performed which showed caseous lesions with granulomas. A triple specific therapy failed to completely cure the vesicoureteral lesions. Case 2. A 9 year-old boy was admitted for the suspicion of appendicitis. Renal ultrasonography showed features of abscesses located to the right kidney and the liver. Laparotomy showed their tuberculous origin which was confirmed by histological examination and positive search for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in urine. The course was favorable under specific treatment. CONCLUSIONS Diagnosis of tuberculosis of the uro-genital tract may be difficult leading to a delayed treatment and sequellae.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Benchekroun
- Service des maladies infectieuses, hôpital d'Enfants-Malades, Rabat
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Eichler J, Belkacem A. Gauge transformations for coupled-channel calculations applied to pair production in relativistic atomic collisions. Phys Rev A 1996; 54:5427-5430. [PMID: 9914117 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.54.5427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Momberger K, Belkacem A, Sorensen AH. Numerical treatment of the time-dependent Dirac equation in momentum space for atomic processes in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Phys Rev A 1996; 53:1605-1622. [PMID: 9913053 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.53.1605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Belkacem A, Gould H, Feinberg B, Bossingham R, Meyerhof WE. Projectile energy and atomic number dependence of electron capture from pair production in relativistic heavy ion collisions. Phys Rev Lett 1994; 73:2432-2435. [PMID: 10057058 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.73.2432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Soyer P, Lacheheb D, Belkacem A, Levesque M. Involvement of superior mesenteric vessels and portal vein in pancreatic adenocarcinoma: detection with CT during arterial portography. Abdom Imaging 1994; 19:413-6. [PMID: 7950815 DOI: 10.1007/bf00206927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A prospective study was designed to determine the utility of computed tomography (CT) during arterial portography (CTAP) in the detection of superior mesenteric vessels and portal vein involvement in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Eighteen patients with adenocarcinoma of the head of the pancreas and eight patients with benign pancreatic disease were investigated with CTAP, dynamic contrast-enhanced CT, and angiography. Appropriate review was made to determine presence or absence of superior mesenteric vessels and portal vein involvement. Final diagnosis was obtained in all cases by surgical explorations. The overall accuracy rate for detecting or excluding superior mesenteric vessels and portal vein involvement was 96% (25 of 26 patients) with CTAP, 88% (23 of 26 patients) with dynamic contrast-enhanced CT, and 85% (22 of 26 patients) with angiography. No statistically significant difference in accuracy was found among the three techniques. Our results suggest that the use of CTAP is not indicated in the preoperative detection of superior mesenteric vessels and portal vein involvement in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Soyer
- Department of Radiology, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Colombes, France
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Belkacem A, Gould H, Feinberg B, Bossingham R, Meyerhof WE. Measurement of electron capture from electron-positron pair production in relativistic heavy ion collisions. Phys Rev Lett 1993; 71:1514-1517. [PMID: 10054427 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.71.1514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Feinberg B, Gould H, Meyerhof WE, Belkacem A, Hülskötter H, Alonso JR, Blumenfeld L, Dillard E, Guardala N, Krebs GF, McMahan MA, Rhoades-Brown MJ, Rude BS, Schweppe J, Spooner DW, Street K, Thieberger P, Wegner H. Relativistic electron- and proton-impact ionization of highly stripped heavy ions determined from projectile-electron loss in H2 and He. Phys Rev A 1993; 47:2370-2373. [PMID: 9909193 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.47.2370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Montenegro EC, Belkacem A, Spooner DW, Meyerhof WE, Shah MB. Impact-parameter dependence of the electron-electron interaction in (Li2+,C5+)+(H2,He) electron loss. Phys Rev A 1993; 47:1045-1051. [PMID: 9909026 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.47.1045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Danzmann K, Meyerhof WE, Belkacem A, Montenegro EC, Dillard E, Hülskötter HP, Guardala N, Spooner DW, Kotlinski B, Cline D, Kavka A, Beausang CW, Burde J, McDonald RJ, Macchiavelli AO, Rude BS, Molitoris JD. Search for narrow-peak structure in the three-photon spectrum from 6-MeV/nucleon U+Th, U+U, and Th+Th collisions. Phys Rev C Nucl Phys 1991; 44:2584-2587. [PMID: 9967694 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.44.2584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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