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Daskalopoulou C, Stubbs B, Kralj C, Koukounari A, Prince M, Prina AM. Physical activity and healthy ageing: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies. Ageing Res Rev 2017. [PMID: 28648951 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older people constitute a significant proportion of the total population and their number is projected to increase by more than half by 2030. This increasing probability of late survival comes with considerable individual, economic and social impact. Physical activity (PA) can influence the ageing process but the specific relationship with healthy ageing (HA) is unclear. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies examining the associations of PA with HA. Studies were identified from a systematic search across major electronic databases from inception as January 2017. Random-effect meta-analysis was performed to calculate a pooled effect size (ES) and 95% CIs. Studies were assessed for methodological quality. RESULTS Overall, 23 studies were identified including 174,114 participants (30% men) with age ranges from 20 to 87 years old. There was considerable heterogeneity in the definition and measurement of HA and PA. Most of the identified studies reported a significant positive association of PA with HA, six reported a non-significant. Meta-analysis revealed that PA is positively associated with HA (ES: 1.39, 95% CI=1.23-1.57, n=17) even if adjusted for publication bias (ES: 1.27, 95% CI=1.11-1.45, n=20). CONCLUSIONS There is consistent evidence from longitudinal observational studies that PA is positively associated with HA, regardless of definition and measurement. Future research should focus on the implementation of a single metric of HA, on the use of objective measures for PA assessment and on a full-range of confounding adjustment. In addition, our research indicated the limited research on ageing in low-and-middle income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Daskalopoulou
- Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Centre for Global Mental Health, London, UK.
| | - B Stubbs
- Department of Health Service and Population Research, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK; Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - C Kralj
- Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Centre for Global Mental Health, London, UK
| | - A Koukounari
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - M Prince
- Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Centre for Global Mental Health, London, UK
| | - A M Prina
- Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Centre for Global Mental Health, London, UK
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Ferentinos P, Koukounari A, Power R, Rivera M, Uher R, Craddock N, Owen MJ, Korszun A, Jones L, Jones I, Gill M, Rice JP, Ising M, Maier W, Mors O, Rietschel M, Preisig M, Binder EB, Aitchison KJ, Mendlewicz J, Souery D, Hauser J, Henigsberg N, Breen G, Craig IW, Farmer AE, Müller-Myhsok B, McGuffin P, Lewis CM. Familiality and SNP heritability of age at onset and episodicity in major depressive disorder. Psychol Med 2015; 45:2215-2225. [PMID: 25698070 PMCID: PMC4462162 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291715000215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Revised: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Strategies to dissect phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity of major depressive disorder (MDD) have mainly relied on subphenotypes, such as age at onset (AAO) and recurrence/episodicity. Yet, evidence on whether these subphenotypes are familial or heritable is scarce. The aims of this study are to investigate the familiality of AAO and episode frequency in MDD and to assess the proportion of their variance explained by common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP heritability). METHOD For investigating familiality, we used 691 families with 2-5 full siblings with recurrent MDD from the DeNt study. We fitted (square root) AAO and episode count in a linear and a negative binomial mixed model, respectively, with family as random effect and adjusting for sex, age and center. The strength of familiality was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). For estimating SNP heritabilities, we used 3468 unrelated MDD cases from the RADIANT and GSK Munich studies. After similarly adjusting for covariates, derived residuals were used with the GREML method in GCTA (genome-wide complex trait analysis) software. RESULTS Significant familial clustering was found for both AAO (ICC = 0.28) and episodicity (ICC = 0.07). We calculated from respective ICC estimates the maximal additive heritability of AAO (0.56) and episodicity (0.15). SNP heritability of AAO was 0.17 (p = 0.04); analysis was underpowered for calculating SNP heritability of episodicity. CONCLUSIONS AAO and episodicity aggregate in families to a moderate and small degree, respectively. AAO is under stronger additive genetic control than episodicity. Larger samples are needed to calculate the SNP heritability of episodicity. The described statistical framework could be useful in future analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Ferentinos
- MRC Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- 2nd Department of Psychiatry, Attikon General Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - A. Koukounari
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - R. Power
- MRC Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M. Rivera
- MRC Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental CIBERSAM, University of Granada, Spain
| | - R. Uher
- MRC Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Dalhousie University Department of Psychiatry, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - N. Craddock
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - M. J. Owen
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - A. Korszun
- Barts and The London Medical School, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - L. Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - I. Jones
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - M. Gill
- Department of Psychiatry, Trinity Centre for Health Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J. P. Rice
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - M. Ising
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - W. Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn & German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - O. Mors
- Centre for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - M. Rietschel
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
| | - M. Preisig
- University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - E. B. Binder
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - K. J. Aitchison
- Departments of Psychiatry and Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - J. Mendlewicz
- Department of Psychiatry, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - D. Souery
- Centre Européen de Psychologie Médicale PSY-PLURIEL, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - J. Hauser
- Department of Genetics in Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - N. Henigsberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - G. Breen
- MRC Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - I. W. Craig
- MRC Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A. E. Farmer
- MRC Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - P. McGuffin
- MRC Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C. M. Lewis
- MRC Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
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