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Zhu J, Wu Y, Lin S, Duan S, Wang X, Fang Y. Identifying and predicting physical limitation and cognitive decline trajectory group of older adults in China: A data-driven machine learning analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 350:590-599. [PMID: 38218258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to utilize data-driven machine learning methods to identify and predict potential physical and cognitive function trajectory groups of older adults and determine their crucial factors for promoting active ageing in China. METHODS Longitudinal data on 3026 older adults from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity and Happy Family Survey was used to identify potential physical and cognitive function trajectory groups using a group-based multi-trajectory model (GBMTM). Predictors were selected from sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and physical and mental conditions. The trajectory groups were predicted using data-driven machine learning models and dynamic nomogram. Model performance was evaluated by area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC), area under the precision-recall curve (PRAUC), and confusion matrix. RESULTS Two physical and cognitive function trajectory groups were determined, including a trajectory group with physical limitation and cognitive decline (14.18 %) and a normal trajectory group (85.82 %). Logistic regression performed well in predicting trajectory groups (AUROC = 0.881, PRAUC = 0.649). Older adults with lower baseline score of activities of daily living, older age, less frequent housework, and fewer actual teeth were more likely to experience physical limitation and cognitive decline trajectory group. LIMITATION This study didn't carry out external validation. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that GBMTM and machine learning models effectively identify and predict physical limitation and cognitive decline trajectory group. The identified predictors might be essential for developing targeted interventions to promote healthy ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Zhu
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yafei Wu
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shaowu Lin
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Siyu Duan
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xing Wang
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ya Fang
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of Fujian Province, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China; National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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Gouela M, Vassilakou T, Chaida A, Argiriou A. The impact of sustainable diets οn cognitive function in an ageing society: A mini-review. Maturitas 2024; 184:107952. [PMID: 38457981 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2024.107952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The increasing number of older people raises important health concerns because, in part, of the associated cognitive and functional impairment. The United Nations is taking action with its Decade of Healthy Ageing (2021-2030) campaign, by promoting Sustainable Development Goals and shifting our focus towards more sustainable diets. In this mini-review, sustainable dietary patterns are evaluated, with a focus on healthy plant-based diets, the Mediterranean diet, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, and the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay diet. The review analyzes and describes whether older people's cognitive performance can benefit from the adoption of these sustainable diets. The results of primary studies indicate that the Mediterranean diet and healthy plant-based diets can prevent cognitive impairment by improving cognitive function, language and memory. Plant-based dietary patterns with incorporated Mediterranean foods (high consumption of fruit, vegetables, and fish) are associated with delayed cognitive ageing. Additionally, adherence to the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay diet is associated with improved cognitive resilience and lower risk of dementia after 16 years of follow-up. Although consumption of red meat and elevated body mass index are both associated with cognitive dysfunction, some studies have had contradictory findings. Concerns exist regarding the development of chronic diseases, cognitive and functional impairment, as well as disability as age advances. Thus, the policies of the United Nations should ensure healthy ageing for all older individuals. Nonetheless, more research is required to evaluate older people's willingness and readiness to adopt a more sustainable way of eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Gouela
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 2 Mitropoliti Ioakim str., GR-81400 Myrina, Greece
| | - Tonia Vassilakou
- Department of Public Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, Athens University Campus, 196 Alexandras Ave., GR-11521 Athens, Greece.
| | | | - Anagnostis Argiriou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 2 Mitropoliti Ioakim str., GR-81400 Myrina, Greece; Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, 6th km Charilaou-Thermi, GR-60361 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Bakhshandeh Bavarsad M, Stephens C. Social network type contributes to purpose in life among older people, mediated by social support. Eur J Ageing 2024; 21:5. [PMID: 38231456 PMCID: PMC10794679 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-024-00799-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
A sense of Purpose in Life is an important aspect of ageing well which is related to older adult's social relationships. Social network types and the different sources of support they provide are theorized here as a pathway to maintaining a sense of purpose as we age. The study utilized a population sample from the 2016 and 2020 NZ Health, Work, and Retirement (NZHWR) longitudinal survey waves; N = 2869 (mean age of 65.82 years (SD = 6.40). A structural equation model investigated the relationship between Social Network Type and Purpose in Life and the mediating role of Social Support. The final model had a good fit to the data and explained 33.7% of the variance in Purpose in Life. Private, Self-Contained and Family Dependent network types (2016) were negatively related to Purpose in Life 4 years later (2020). Support from sense of Attachment, Reassurance of Worth, Reliable Alliance and Social Integration played a mediating role between Social Network type and Purpose in Life. These findings highlight the importance of social networks in maintaining a sense of purpose among older adults and highlight pathways for the types of networks, and kinds of social support they offer, which contribute to a sense of purpose in life. They underscore the importance of social support for the well-being of older adults and highlight the need to consider the quality and type of social networks and support they provide, when designing interventions to enhance well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christine Stephens
- School of Psychology, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
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Vassányi I, Szakonyi B, Loi D, Mantur-Vierendeel A, Quintas J, Solinas A, Blažica B, Raffo L, Guicciardi M, Manca A, Gaál B, Rárosi F. Impact of information technology supported serious leisure gardening on the wellbeing of older adults: The Turntable project. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 55:339-345. [PMID: 38159476 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study presented in this paper aimed to assess the effect of an Information Technology enabled community gardening program for older adults, developed by an international consortium. METHODS We have executed a quantitative, pre- and post-test field trial with older adult volunteers to test the proposed programme in two European countries, Italy and Belgium (n=98). We used standardized and ad hoc questionnaires to measure changes in the volunteers' mental and psychological state during the trial. The statistical data analysis sought for differences in the pre- and post-test values of the key scores related to the perceived quality of life and benefits of gardening via paired-samples t-tests, and also tried to identify the important factors of significant changes via logistic regression. RESULTS We found significant improvements in the perceived benefits of gardening and also in the scores computed from the WHO Quality of Life instruments, especially in the social sub-domains. The improvements were associated with the country, age, marital state and education of the volunteers. Higher age or being widow, divorced or single increased the odds of a significant improvement in the scores in more than one sub-domains. CONCLUSION Though the two trial settings were different in some aspects, the observed significant improvements generally confirmed the positive effects of gardening concerning the perceived quality of life and benefits of gardening.
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Affiliation(s)
- István Vassányi
- Medical Informatics R&D Centre, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary.
| | - Benedek Szakonyi
- Medical Informatics R&D Centre, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Daniela Loi
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Joăo Quintas
- Laboratory for Automation and Systems, Instituto Pedro Nunes, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Bojan Blažica
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia/Proventus d.o.o., Ajdovščina, Slovenia
| | - Luigi Raffo
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Guicciardi
- Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Manca
- Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Ferenc Rárosi
- Bolyai Institute, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Cheng Y, Cheng L, Zhu F, Xiang Y, Duan S, Luo J, Lei L, Cai H, Hu T. New measure of functional tooth loss for successful Oral ageing: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:859. [PMID: 38102557 PMCID: PMC10722707 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04570-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This cross-sectional study evaluated the impacts of functional tooth loss on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among elderly people compared with the impacts of several common indicators of oral health. Additionally, the cut-off of functional tooth loss needed for a better OHRQoL was investigated to establish a new measure for successful oral ageing. METHODS Data from people aged 65-74 were extracted from the Fourth National Oral Health Survey in Sichuan, China. Functional tooth loss was defined as both natural tooth loss and nonfunctional teeth, such as third molars, residual roots, and removable dentures. The cut-offs of tooth loss were first identified as 12, based on the previous definition of functional dentition (≥20 natural teeth except the third molars), and 14, 16, or 18 for further investigation. OHRQoL was evaluated by the standardized Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (sGOHAI) score. Logistic regression was performed to estimate the impacts on OHRQoL. Additionally, subgroup analyses were conducted using the stratified chi-square test to explore the effect of functional tooth loss at each position. RESULTS The mean GOHAI score of the 744 participants was 48.25 ± 7.62. Elderly people who had lost ≤12 functional teeth had greater odds of reporting a higher sGOHAI score than those who had lost more functional teeth (odds ratio (OR) 1.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-2.11). No significant difference in the sGOHAI score was detected between people who had lost 13-16 functional teeth and those who had lost ≤12 functional teeth (0.61, 0.35-1.07). The loss of second premolars and first and second molars had great impacts on the sGOHAI score when ≤12 or ≤ 16 functional teeth had been lost. CONCLUSIONS Compared with natural tooth loss, functional dentition and occluding pairs, functional tooth loss can be a better indicator of OHRQoL in the elderly population. Sixteen remaining functional teeth seem to be sufficient to maintain good OHRQoL and successful oral ageing despite that number being previously acknowledged as ≥20 teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14#, 3rd section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14#, 3rd section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Fangzhi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14#, 3rd section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14#, 3rd section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Shaoying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14#, 3rd section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingjing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14#, 3rd section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14#, 3rd section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - He Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14#, 3rd section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Tao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14#, 3rd section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
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Swales B, Ryde GC, Fletcher I, Whittaker AC. The reliability and suitability of strength assessments in frail and pre-frail older adults: recommendations for strength testing in older populations. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:820. [PMID: 38066459 PMCID: PMC10704765 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04552-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifelong strength is fundamental to physical function, health, and quality of life. Reliable appropriate strength assessment measures for older adults play an important role in effective evaluation of baseline ability and exercise prescription to counter disease and disuse. This study aimed to investigate the within-session reliability of maximal isometric knee extension and flexion, hip abduction and adduction, and handgrip strength measures in frail and pre-frail older adults. METHOD The study was conducted at a residential care home in Birmingham, UK. All care home residents aged ≥ 65 years; pre-frail or frail according to the Fried Frailty phenotype criteria; able to speak and read English; not currently involved in any other clinical trial; without severe sensory impairments; and with a predicted life expectancy greater than the trial length were eligible. Maximal isometric lower limb testing was performed using specialised resistance training equipment and a portable measurement device, and grip strength was assessed using a portable dynamometer. All eligible participants attended a single testing session and performed three trials per measure. Peak force measures were obtained for analysis. Within-session reliability for each measure was calculated from repeated-measures analysis of variance, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), and coefficients of variation (CV) with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Eleven frail and eleven pre-frail older adults participated in the study. Within-session absolute and relative measures were found to be reliable with the highest overall repeatability indicated between trial 2 and trial 3 for knee extension, hip abduction, and handgrip (CV ≤ 4.65%, ICC ≥ 0.96) with variation evident across all measures, except knee extension, from trial 1 to 2. CONCLUSIONS Overall, maximal isometric strength in frail and pre-frail older adults with no previous testing experience can be measured with good to high reliability within their first testing session. An initial two familiarisation trials followed by two measurement trials is recommended to achieve the highest level of overall repeatability. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03141879 on 05/05/2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridgitte Swales
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK.
| | - Gemma C Ryde
- The School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Iain Fletcher
- Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, University of Bedfordshire, Bedfordshire, England, UK
| | - Anna C Whittaker
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
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Poser M, Sing KEA, Ebert T, Ziebolz D, Schmalz G. The rosetta stone of successful ageing: does oral health have a role? Biogerontology 2023; 24:867-888. [PMID: 37421489 PMCID: PMC10615965 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10047-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is an inevitable aspect of life and thus successful ageing is an important focus of recent scientific efforts. The biological process of ageing is mediated through the interaction of genes with environmental factors, increasing the body's susceptibility to insults. Elucidating this process will increase our ability to prevent and treat age-related disease and consequently extend life expectancy. Notably, centenarians offer a unique perspective on the phenomenon of ageing. Current research highlights several age-associated alterations on the genetic, epigenetic and proteomic level. Consequently, nutrient sensing and mitochondrial function are altered, resulting in inflammation and exhaustion of regenerative ability.Oral health, an important contributor to overall health, remains underexplored in the context of extreme longevity. Good masticatory function ensures sufficient nutrient uptake, reducing morbidity and mortality in old age. The relationship between periodontal disease and systemic inflammatory pathologies is well established. Diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular disease are among the most significant disease burdens influenced by inflammatory oral health conditions. Evidence suggests that the interaction is bi-directional, impacting progression, severity and mortality. Current models of ageing and longevity neglect an important factor in overall health and well-being, a gap that this review intends to illustrate and inspire avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Poser
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Katie E A Sing
- Department of Medicine, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Thomas Ebert
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dirk Ziebolz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schmalz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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Langmann E, Weßel M. Leaving no one behind: successful ageing at the intersection of ageism and ableism. Philos Ethics Humanit Med 2023; 18:22. [PMID: 38001533 PMCID: PMC10668457 DOI: 10.1186/s13010-023-00150-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The concept of 'successful ageing' has been a prominent focus within the field of gerontology for several decades. However, despite the widespread attention paid to this concept, its intersectional implications have not been fully explored yet. This paper aims to address this gap by analyzing the potential ageist and ableist biases in the discourse of successful ageing through an intersectional lens. METHOD A critical feminist perspective is taken to examine the sensitivity of the discourse of successful ageing to diversity in societies. The paper analyzes how ageist and ableist biases can manifest in the ways we conceptualize ageing, drawing on examples in the context of mental health. RESULTS We argue that the conventional approach to successful ageing is limited in its ability to account for the experiences of people who have faced intersectional discrimination throughout their lives. Drawing on examples in the context of mental health, we explore among others the link between depression and disabilities. Furthermore, we shed light on the negative impact of ageist and ableist attitudes concerning the diagnosis and treatment of dementia. DISCUSSION We demonstrate how diversity is often overlooked in discussions of ageing well, and how ageist and ableist biases can manifest in the ways we conceptualize ageing. We argue that focusing solely on the health status as a means of achieving success fails to adequately counter ageism for all people. We further emphasize the role of structural factors, such as ageist attitudes, in shaping the experience of ageing and exacerbating health inequalities. CONCLUSION Overall, our findings emphasize the need for a more nuanced and inclusive understanding of ageing and therefore an intersectional approach to conceptions of ageing well that recognizes and addresses the biases and limitations of current discourses. Thereby, this paper offers valuable insights into the complex intersections between age and disabilities from a bioethical perspective, highlighting the need for a more inclusive and intersectional approach to ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Langmann
- Institute of Ethics and History of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Gartenstraße 47, Tübingen, 72074, Germany.
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Irshad CV, Lekha PPS, Azeez EPA, Rajan SI. Active and productive ageing in India: evidence from the time use pattern of ageing adults. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:718. [PMID: 37932680 PMCID: PMC10626682 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04428-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the increasing proportion of older adults in India, it becomes essential to get an insight into the various influencing factors of successful ageing. However, the literature on successful ageing is minuscule in the Indian context. The present study attempted to understand successful ageing in terms of active and productive ageing by exploring their determining factors. METHODS The data were extracted from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) Wave-1 (2017-2018). We utilized self-reported time use information from the experimental module of the LASI. A total of 7837 ageing adults were included in the study. We employed descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis and a multinominal logistic regression model to examine the prevalence and the determinants of active and productive ageing. RESULTS The prevalence of inactive ageing was higher among the Indian ageing population (57.47%), followed by active ageing (29.59%) and productive ageing (12.94%). Poor sleep quality and the prevalence of morbidity and disability limited the ageing population from attaining active and productive ageing. Engagement in physical activity was significantly associated with active and productive ageing (β = 0.83, 99% CI: -0.72-0.94 and β = 0.82, 99% CI: 0.66-0.98), respectively. Rural ageing adults were more likely to attain active ageing and less likely to attain productive ageing. CONCLUSION Engagement in physical activities among the ageing population shall be promoted to attain active and productive ageing. Since the rural ageing population were less likely to attain productive ageing than their urban counterparts, opportunities to participate in more formal economic activities in rural areas could be promoted for the wellbeing of the second demographic dividend.
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Affiliation(s)
- C V Irshad
- School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
- The International Institute of Migration and Development, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695011, India
| | - P Padma Sri Lekha
- School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - E P Abdul Azeez
- School of Social Sciences and Languages, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
| | - S Irudaya Rajan
- The International Institute of Migration and Development, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695011, India
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Ng TP, Gwee X, Chua DQL, Wee SL, Cheong CY, Yap PLK, Yap KB. The Healthy Ageing Questionnaire Index: Validation in the Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Study. Gerontology 2023; 69:1358-1367. [PMID: 37640015 DOI: 10.1159/000533635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Healthy ageing (HA) indices typically use full questionnaire, performance- or blood-based assessment of functional ability which are time-consuming and resource-intensive. We developed and validated a simple and brief Healthy Ageing Questionnaire (HAQ) index with comparable measurement accuracy. METHODS The 15-item HAQ (scored 0-100) was developed using data of 500 participants in the Singapore Study of Successful Ageing (SSOSA), a sub-cohort of the Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Study (SLAS-2). Its construct, concurrent, and predictive validity were evaluated in 2,161 participants in the SLAS-2 who were non-participants of the SSOSA. RESULTS The HAQ index (mean = 64.0, SD = 11.8) showed a coherent 3-factor structure (Cronbach's alpha = 0.735). HAQ scores were higher among participants who were female, highly educated, not living alone, non-smoking, non-alcohol drinkers, not at risk of malnutrition, were robust or pre-frail, not disabled, had no or <5 medical conditions, and no recent fall or hospitalization. It was positively correlated with Mini-Mental State Examination and life satisfaction, and negatively correlated with age, logMAR vision, 5 times sit-and-stand, and timed-up-and-go. The HAQ index was significantly correlated but showed modest concordance with the Rowe-Kahn SA index. Increasing HAQ index quintiles were associated with decreased mortality risks from 40.6 to 9.7 deaths per 1,000 person-years; covariate-adjusted hazard ratio for the highest Q5 levels (HAQ score >70) was 0.44 (95% CI = 0.28-0.67). Using receiver operating characteristics analysis of predictive accuracy for survival, the area under the curve of HAQ was 0.675, and Rowe-Kahn SA index was 0.660 (p = 0.361). CONCLUSION The HAQ is a brief and accurate HA index that is potentially useful across diverse settings and purposes in research, healthcare, and policy-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tze Pin Ng
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xinyi Gwee
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Denise Q L Chua
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shiou Liang Wee
- Health and Social Sciences Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chin Yee Cheong
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Philip Lin Kiat Yap
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keng Bee Yap
- Department of Medicine, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Okolie TJ, Ekoh PC, Onuh SC, Ugwu EO. Perspectives of Rural Older Women on the Determinants of Successful Ageing in Southeast Nigeria. J Cross Cult Gerontol 2023:10.1007/s10823-023-09480-8. [PMID: 37171747 DOI: 10.1007/s10823-023-09480-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
As the global population of older persons continues to increase, the need for improved quality of life and increased life satisfaction has made successful ageing a critical discourse. The concept of successful ageing is subject to socio-cultural interpretations; thus, our study delved into the perspectives of rural older women on the determinants of successful ageing. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 15 rural older women aged 65 years and above in Awgu Local Government Area, Enugu State, Southeast Nigeria. Data collected were analysed thematically, and findings revealed that positive social and spiritual relationships were the most critical determinants of successful ageing. Access to and utilisation of digital technology to maintain social ties were also recognised as crucial to the successful ageing of rural older women. Thus, interventions towards successful ageing should focus on improving healthy spirituality, positive social relations and improved connection with social ties through increased access to digital technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tochukwu J Okolie
- Department of Social Work, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria.
| | - Prince C Ekoh
- Department of Social Work, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Samuel C Onuh
- Department of Social Work, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel O Ugwu
- Department of Social Work, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria
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12
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Okamoto S, Sakamoto H, Kamimura K, Komamura K, Kobayashi E, Liang J. Economic effects of healthy ageing: functional limitation, forgone wages, and medical and long-term care costs. Health Econ Rev 2023; 13:28. [PMID: 37162614 PMCID: PMC10170784 DOI: 10.1186/s13561-023-00442-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to estimate the potential economic benefits of healthy ageing by obtaining estimates of the economic losses generated by functional limitations among middle-aged and older people. Utilising two data sources retrieved from nationally representative samples of the Japanese people, we analysed the association between functional limitation and economic indicators, including labour market outcomes, savings, investment, consumption, and unpaid activities among individuals aged ≥ 60. Using the estimated parameters from our micro-econometric analyses and the official statistics by the Japanese government and a previous study, we calculated the financial costs that can be averted if healthy ageing is achieved as foregone wages and formal medical/long-term care costs incurred by functional limitations. Our micro-econometric analyses found that functional limitation was associated with a 3% point increase in retirement probability, with a stronger association among those aged 60-69. Moreover, functional limitation was linked with higher total health spending and less active involvement in domestic work. Foregone wages generated by functional limitation were estimated to be approximately USD 266.4 million, driven mainly by individuals in their 60s. Long-term care costs, rather than medical care costs, for older people aged ≥ 85 accounted for most of the additional costs, indicating that the estimated medical and long-term costs generated by functional limitations were approximately USD 72.7 billion. Health interventions can yield economic benefits by preventing exits from the labour market due to health issues and reducing medical and long-term care costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Okamoto
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae- cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 1730015, Japan.
- Institute of Global Health Policy Research, National Centre for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
- Research Center for Financial Gerontology, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Haruka Sakamoto
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kamimura
- Research Center for Financial Gerontology, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
- Hirao School of Management, Konan University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kohei Komamura
- Research Center for Financial Gerontology, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Economics, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Erika Kobayashi
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae- cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 1730015, Japan
| | - Jersey Liang
- Department of Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Michigan, USA
- Department of Health Care Management and Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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13
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Viljanen A, Salminen M, Irjala K, Korhonen P, Vahlberg T, Viitanen M, Löppönen M, Viikari L. Re-examination of successful agers with lower biological than chronological age still after a 20-year follow-up period. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:128. [PMID: 36882768 PMCID: PMC9990196 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03844-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful ageing is the term often used for depicting exceptional ageing but a uniform definition is lacking. The aim was to re-examine and describe the successful agers living at home at the age of 84 years or over after a 20-year follow-up. The purpose was also to identify possible factors leading to their successful ageing. METHODS Successful ageing was defined as the ability to live at home without daily care. Data on the participants' functional ability, objective health, self-rated health and satisfaction with life were gathered at baseline and after a 20-year follow-up period. A measurement of personal biological age (PBA) was established and the difference between the PBA and the chronological age (CA) was counted. RESULTS The participants' mean age was 87.6 years (Standard deviation 2.5, range 84-96). All analyzed variables depicted poorer physical ability and subjective health at re-examination than at baseline. Still, 99% of the participants were at least moderately satisfied with their lives. The PBA at baseline was 6.5 years younger than CA, and at re-examination, the difference was even more pronounced at 10.5 years. DISCUSSION Even though the participants were chronologically older, had poorer physical ability and subjective health, they were still satisfied with their lives indicating possible psychological resilience. The difference between the PBA and CA was greater at re-examination than at baseline indicating that they were also biologically successful agers. CONCLUSIONS Successful agers were satisfied with life despite hardships and had a lower biological than chronological age. Further research is needed to evaluate causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Viljanen
- Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Turku University Hospital, Domain of General Practice and Rehabilitation, Turku, Finland. .,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Unit of Geriatric Medicine, University of Turku and Turku City Hospital, Kunnallissairaalantie 20, 20700, Turku, Finland.
| | - Marika Salminen
- Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Turku University Hospital, Medical Domain, Geriatric Medicine, Turku, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Unit of General Practice, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Kerttu Irjala
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Unit of Clinical Chemistry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20521, Turku, Finland
| | - Päivi Korhonen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Unit of General Practice, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20014, Turku, Finland
| | - Tero Vahlberg
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Unit of Biostatistics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Matti Viitanen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Unit of Geriatric Medicine, University of Turku and Turku City Hospital, Kunnallissairaalantie 20, 20700, Turku, Finland.,Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Minna Löppönen
- Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Turku University Hospital, Domain of General Practice and Rehabilitation, Turku, Finland
| | - Laura Viikari
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Unit of Geriatric Medicine, University of Turku and Turku City Hospital, Kunnallissairaalantie 20, 20700, Turku, Finland.,Wellbeing Services County of Southwest Finland, Turku University Hospital, Medical Domain, Geriatric Medicine, Turku, Finland
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14
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Chow YF. Financial freedom, final fantasy, 'formative ageing': A study of ageing single women and retirement in contemporary China. J Aging Stud 2023; 64:101096. [PMID: 36868609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2022.101096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This article aims to continue a conversation sustained in this journal during the last three decades; a conversation that seeks to promote critical thinking on age and ageing through the lens of gender and sexuality. I do so by considering a specific group of Chinese women: single women living in Beijing or Shanghai. I invited 24 of them, born between 1962 and 1990, to share their imaginations about retirement, in the Chinese context, where the mandatory retirement age for women is 55 or 50 (60 for men). My aims are three-fold: to insert this group of single women into retirement and ageing studies; to recuperate and document their retirement imaginations; and ultimately, to draw insights from their subjective accounts, to revisit dominant paradigms of ageing, notably so-called successful ageing. Empirical data show how these single women treasure financial freedom, but usually without taking concrete steps towards its accomplishment. They also embrace a diversity of imaginations about where and with whom they want to spend their retirement life, and what they want to do - both long-held dreams and new careers. Inspired by yanglao, a term they use instead of retirement, I argue the term 'formative ageing' is a more inclusive and less normative way of looking at ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiu Fai Chow
- Department of Humanities and Creative Writing, Hong Kong Baptist University, Waterloo Road, Hong Kong, China.
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15
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Vasara P, Simola A, Olakivi A. The trouble with vulnerability. Narrating ageing during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Aging Stud 2023; 64:101106. [PMID: 36868618 PMCID: PMC9852302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2023.101106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we have used the exceptional circumstances created by the COVID-19 pandemic as a window for investigating the ambivalent, stereotypical and often-incongruent portrayals of exceptional vulnerability and resilient self-management that define the self-constructions available for older adults. From the onset of the pandemic, older adults were publicly and homogenously presented as a biomedically vulnerable population, and the implementation of restrictive measures also raised concerns over their psychosocial vulnerability and wellbeing. Meanwhile, the key political responses to the pandemic in most affluent countries aligned with the dominant paradigms of successful and active ageing that build on the ideal of resilient and responsible ageing subjects. Within this context, in our paper we have examined how older individuals negotiated such conflicting characterisations in relation to their self-understandings. In empirical terms, we drew on data comprising written narratives collected in Finland during the initial stage of the pandemic. We demonstrate how the stereotypical and ageist connotations associated with older adults' psychosocial vulnerability may have paradoxically offered some older adults novel building blocks for positive self-constructions as individuals who are not exceptionally vulnerable, despite ageist assumptions of homogeneity. However, our analysis also shows that such building blocks are not equally distributed. Our conclusions highlight the lack of legitimate ways for people to admit to vulnerabilities and voice their needs without the fear of being categorised under ageist, othering and stigmatised identities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Vasara
- Centre of Excellence in Research on Ageing and Care, University of Jyväskylä, Finland; Tampere University, Finland.
| | - Anna Simola
- Centre of Excellence in Research on Ageing and Care, University of Helsinki, Finland; IACCHOS, Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium
| | - Antero Olakivi
- Centre of Excellence in Research on Ageing and Care, University of Helsinki, Finland
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16
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Block C, König HH, Hajek A. Oral health and quality of life: findings from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:606. [PMID: 36517821 PMCID: PMC9753255 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02599-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to clarify the link between oral health and quality of life among older adults in Europe. METHODS Cross-sectional data from wave 5 (n = 59,048 observations) were used from the representative Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Oral health was quantified by three questions: presence of all natural teeth (yes; no); among individuals with missing natural teeth, the number of missing teeth and the extent of replaced natural teeth were quantified. Quality of life was quantified using the widely used CASP-12. Multiple linear regressions were used to determine the association between oral health and quality of life, adjusting for various potential confounders. RESULTS Multiple linear regressions showed that higher quality of life was associated with (1) the presence of all natural teeth and among individuals with missing natural teeth, with (2) a lower number of missing natural teeth and (3) completely replaced natural teeth. Additionally, quality of life was positively associated with younger age, being female, being married or in a partnership, higher income, higher educational level, not currently smoking, a lower number of functional impairments, better self-rated health, a lower number of depressive symptoms and a lower number of chronic diseases. CONCLUSION Study findings showed an association between oral health and quality of life among older adults in Europe. Thus, the importance of good oral health for successful ageing was stressed. Future research is required to clarify the underlying mechanisms. Moreover, longitudinal studies are required to confirm our current findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina Block
- grid.9026.d0000 0001 2287 2617Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University of Hamburg, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Helmut König
- grid.9026.d0000 0001 2287 2617Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University of Hamburg, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, Hamburg, Germany
| | - André Hajek
- grid.9026.d0000 0001 2287 2617Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University of Hamburg, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, Hamburg, Germany
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17
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Ghisla V, Chocano-Bedoya PO, Orav EJ, Abderhalden LA, Sadlon A, Egli A, Krützfeldt J, Kanis JA, Bischoff-Ferrari HA. Prospective Study of Ageing Trajectories in the European DO-HEALTH Study. Gerontology 2022; 69:57-64. [PMID: 35443250 PMCID: PMC9148895 DOI: 10.1159/000523923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ageing trajectories range from delayed ageing with extended health to accelerated ageing, with an increased risk of frailty. We evaluated the prevalence and prospective change between health states among community-dwelling European older adults. METHODS This prospective study is a secondary analysis of DO-HEALTH, a randomized trial that included adults aged 70 years and older across 5 European countries. Healthy agers (HA) fulfilled the Nurses' Health Study healthy ageing criteria and accelerated agers were non-HA being at least pre-frail according to the Fried frailty criteria. We assessed the proportion of participants changing between health states over 4 assessments and evaluated the odds of changing to a more favourable category. To increase reliability and avoid regression to the mean, we averaged the first 2 years and compared them to the average of the last 2 years. RESULTS Of 2,157 participants, 12.4% were excluded for meeting both healthy ageing and pre-frailty criteria simultaneously. Among the remaining 1,889 participants (mean age 75.1 years, 60.9% female), 23.1% were initially HA, 44.4% were non-HA but not pre-frail, and 32.6% were pre-frail or frail. Subsequently, 65.3% remained in the same health state, 12.0% improved to a healthier state, and 22.8% progressed to a less advantageous state. After adjusting for sex, study centre, treatment, and body mass index, each year of age was associated with 6% lower odds of improving health states. Women had 35% higher odds than men of following a disadvantageous trajectory. CONCLUSION We observed dynamic trajectories of ageing where transitioning to a healthier state became less likely with advancing age and among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Ghisla
- Center on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich City Hospital-Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,University Clinic for Aging Medicine, Zurich City Hospital-Waid, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patricia O. Chocano-Bedoya
- Center on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich City Hospital-Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland,Population Health Lab, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Endel John Orav
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lauren A. Abderhalden
- Center on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich City Hospital-Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Angélique Sadlon
- Department of Aging Medicine and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Egli
- Center on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich City Hospital-Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan Krützfeldt
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - John A. Kanis
- Mary McKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Heike A. Bischoff-Ferrari
- Center on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich City Hospital-Waid and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,University Clinic for Aging Medicine, Zurich City Hospital-Waid, Zurich, Switzerland,Department of Aging Medicine and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,*Heike A. Bischoff-Ferrari,
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18
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Baumbach L, König HH, Hajek A. Associations between starting and stopping volunteering and physical activity among older adults - longitudinal evidence from the German Ageing Survey. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:578. [PMID: 35321677 PMCID: PMC8944122 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12982-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity (PA) contributes to healthy aging. Several studies have investigated factors influencing PA. However, population-based studies evaluating associations between volunteering and changes in PA are lacking. Our aim was to clarify whether starting and stopping to volunteer is associated with changes in physical activity in older adults. Method We used data from the German Ageing Survey (wave 5 and 6 in the years 2014 and 2017), which is a representative survey of community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults. We included individuals ≥ 65 years (analytical sample: n = 5,682). PA was investigated using questions from the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) and converted into metabolic equivalent of tasks (METs) per week. Changes in volunteering status in groups or organizations (yes/no) and their association with changes in PA were investigated in adjusted asymmetric fixed effects models stratified by sex. Results We found an association, between starting to volunteer and increased physical activity in older adults in the total sample (ß = 1,078.93, p = 0.052). This change reached significance for men (ß = 1,751.54, p = 0.016), but not for women (ß = 187.25, p = 0.832) in the stratified analyses. In the total sample, there was no association between stopping volunteering and decreases in PA (ß = -285.61, p = 0.543). This also held true in the stratified analyses for men (ß = -320.76, p = 0.583) and women (ß = -158.96, p = 0.845). Conclusion Our study identified an association between beginning to volunteer and increased physical activity among older men. Thus, beginning to volunteer may assist older men in increasing their physical activity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Baumbach
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Hans-Helmut König
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - André Hajek
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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19
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Gordon R, Harada T, Spotswood F. The body politics of successful ageing in the nexus of health, well-being and energy consumption practices. Soc Sci Med 2022; 294:114717. [PMID: 35033799 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we introduce the idea of the bio-socio-material body to think through the body politics that emerge within the nexus of health, well-being and domestic energy consumption as people age. Our work draws upon an ethnographic study with older Australians in regional New South Wales, Australia. We enrich social practice theory conceptualisations by foregrounding the body as a dynamic bio-socio-material entity that shapes and is shaped by practices. In doing so, we draw attention to the body politics of managing health, well-being and energy consumption while trying to age successfully. We identify that the bio-socio-material dimensions of the body play an important role in how health, well-being and energy practices are performed. Energy practices are bound up in understandings of health and well-being as an ongoing and contingent process. Here, the use of energy and appliances becomes integral to how people negotiate and work towards successful ageing. We found that embodied practices of health, well-being and energy consumption are linked to biological, emotional, affective, social and material concerns that create body politics. These include tensions and challenges relating to health and vitality, caring for the sick and the dying, maintaining good mental health, the affordances of buildings and appliances, energy affordability and billing anxiety, social connectedness, and pleasures and pains. We raise questions emerging from our research on the implications for successful ageing. We call for attention to how health, well-being and energy are imbricated and for policy and programmes that better support older people to navigate the nexus of health, well-being and energy consumption as they age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Gordon
- School of Advertising, Marketing and Public Relations, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Theresa Harada
- School of Advertising, Marketing and Public Relations, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Fiona Spotswood
- School of Management, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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20
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Plugge M. Successful ageing in the oldest old: objectively and subjectively measured evidence from a population-based survey in Germany. Eur J Ageing 2021; 18:537-547. [PMID: 34786015 PMCID: PMC8563904 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-021-00609-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite rapid increase of people aged 80 and over, concepts of successful ageing (SA) are primarily examined for people below that age. Therefore, successful ageing was examined in a population-based representative sample of N = 1863 people aged 80 to 102 (NRW80+) with 11% living in institutionalized settings. In this survey on quality of life and well-being, multiple linear and logistic regression models were used to calculate the distribution of successful agers. According to Rowe and Kahn's objective definition, 9% of the sample aged successfully, but one-third (33%) still met four to five SA criteria. This is in line with the theoretical a priori criterion of 10% in a normal distribution of a sample, while 80% age normally and 10% pathologically. However, averages of life satisfaction, affective well-being, positive ageing experience and valuation of life were high. The majority of the oldest old (65%) are successful agers in their own subjective perception, which is not in line with objective measurements. Moreover, 11% of objectively measured successful agers do not meet subjective criteria. These empirical findings reveal a remarkable discrepancy between objective and subjective criteria of SA. Future research on concepts that define successful ageing for the oldest old should consider more holistic markers of success, e.g., outcomes of productive social engagement. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10433-021-00609-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Plugge
- Faculty of Management, Economics and Social Sciences, Institute of Sociology and Social Psychology (ISS), Graduate School GROW – Gerontological Research on Well-Being, University of Cologne, Albertus-Magnus-Platz, 50923 Cologne, Germany
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21
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Wong PH, Kourtit K, Nijkamp P. The ideal neighbourhoods of successful ageing: A machine learning approach. Health Place 2021; 72:102704. [PMID: 34758442 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Ageing outcomes are shaped by not only health conditions, but also their interactions with the external environment. While the effects of some specific neighbourhood characteristics such as rurality on ageing have been evaluated in various studies, we still know little about the relative importance of particular natural and urban environments and how the impact varies at different stages of the ageing process. This article addresses these knowledge gaps by analysing survey data from 33 European countries using a machine learning method called multivariate regression trees (MRT). Multiple wellbeing indicators are combined to form an ageing profile for each individual in the survey. After studying these profiles using MRT, we find that generally the affordability of health facilities is a major determinant of life satisfaction, self-rated health condition and mental wellbeing for individuals in most age groups. Other important but age-specific determinants are neighbourhood safety and accessibility to cultural facilities and to green areas. In contrast, characteristics such as urbanity, transportation and air quality do not significantly influence ageing outcomes. Our findings lend support to the resources theory in explaining ageing outcomes and suggest that more resources may have to be directed to improve the affordability and quality of health care services, the policing services and the accessibility to cultural and green areas in order to achieve more favourable ageing outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui-Hang Wong
- Maastricht University and UNU-MERIT, Boschstraat 24, 6211 AX Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Karima Kourtit
- Open University, Heerlen, the Netherlands; Alexandru Ioan Cuza' University of Iași, Iași, Romania; Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Peter Nijkamp
- Open University, Heerlen, the Netherlands; Alexandru Ioan Cuza' University of Iași, Iași, Romania; Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir, Morocco; Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
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22
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Locsin RC, Soriano GP, Juntasopeepun P, Kunaviktikul W, Evangelista LS. Social transformation and social isolation of older adults: Digital technologies, nursing, healthcare. Collegian 2021; 28:551-558. [PMID: 34720647 DOI: 10.1016/j.colegn.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background The incidence of social isolation among older adults is on the rise in today's health care climate. Consequently, preventing or ameliorating social isolation through technology in this age group is now being discussed as a significant social and health issue. Aim The purpose of the opinion paper is to clarify social transformation through technology and shed light on a new reality for older adults in situations of social isolation. Our goal is to persuade the reader that our position on this topic is a valid one. We support our claims with practice-based evidence and published research studies. Methods To do so, we checked the most recent literature, most of which came from the last decade. Our literature survey focused primarily on what is known about technology and how technology can affect social transformation and perceptions of social isolation. Findings Two dominant transformative realities became the focal points: the precarious implications of loneliness for older adults and the emerging reality of social change through digital technology central to eHealth and mHealth. Discussion To benefit from new technologies and reduce the detrimental effects of social isolation, we must engage older adults in a meaningful way and adapt the system of smart devices to reflect the specific physiological and psychological characteristics of the ageing population. Conclusion Older adults need to comprehend the meanings of their social experiences to preserve their active lifestyle. Human interactions may be desirable, but technological dominance may also minimize the adverse effects of social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozzano C Locsin
- Faculty of Nursing, Chiangmai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.,Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Gil P Soriano
- College of Nursing, San Beda University, Manila, Philippines
| | | | | | - Lorraine S Evangelista
- Lena Finke Distinguished Chair for Nursing Arts, School of Nursing University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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Chen X, Su D, Chen X, Chen Y. What intensity of exercise is most suitable for the elderly in China? A propensity score matching analysis. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1396. [PMID: 34261461 PMCID: PMC8281566 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11407-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The strategy of successful ageing is an important means to deal with the challenges of the current ageing society. This paper aims to explore the effects of different intensities of physical activity on the successful ageing of the elderly. METHODS Our data were from wave 4 of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS), involving 9026 residents aged 60 years and older. The intensity of physical activity was divided into three levels: vigorous, moderate and mild. The concept of successful ageing adopted a four-dimensional model of life satisfaction added to the theoretical model of Rowe and Kahn's. Propensity score matching (PSM) with controlling nine confounding factors were used to analyse the effects of different intensities of physical activity. RESULTS The percentage of successful ageing was 1.88% among all subjects. Among them, 30.26, 29.57 and 29.40% of the elderly often participated in vigorous, moderate and mild physical activity, respectively. The results of PSM showed that participation in moderate activity increased the probability of successful ageing of the elderly by 0.76-0.78% (P < 0.001), while participation in vigorous and mild physical activity had no significant effect on successful ageing (P > 0.05). Moderate physical activity had statistically significant effects on four components of successful aging, including major disease, physical function, life satisfaction, and social participation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Moderate-intensity physical activity was most beneficial to the successful ageing of the elderly and should be promoted in the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlin Chen
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
- Research Centre for Rural Health Service, Key Research Institute of Humanities & Social Sciences of Hubei Provincial Department of Education, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Dai Su
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
- Research Centre for Rural Health Service, Key Research Institute of Humanities & Social Sciences of Hubei Provincial Department of Education, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Xinlan Chen
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
- Research Centre for Rural Health Service, Key Research Institute of Humanities & Social Sciences of Hubei Provincial Department of Education, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Yingchun Chen
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
- Research Centre for Rural Health Service, Key Research Institute of Humanities & Social Sciences of Hubei Provincial Department of Education, Wuhan, 430030 China
- Present address: Department of Health Management, School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
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Abstract
Focusing on cultural narratives about men's midlife crises, this article explores the more subtle forms that medicalization takes by broadening and re-orientating the concept of successful ageing away from strictly political, medical or/and sociological discussions of health and ageing and towards cultural representations of masculinity, optimization and the handling of a personal crisis. Using two examples; the British comedy Swimming with Men (2018) and the novel Doppler (2014) by Erlend Loe the article discusses the entanglement of masculinity, crisis and ageing and in doing so argues that cultural narratives about men's midlife crises do more than merely comment on already existing understandings of ageing and should in fact be understood as important components in the ongoing medicalization of middle-aged masculinities.
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Tylutka A, Morawin B, Gramacki A, Zembron-Lacny A. Lifestyle exercise attenuates immunosenescence; flow cytometry analysis. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:200. [PMID: 33752623 PMCID: PMC7986285 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02128-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interaction of physical activity and overall immune profile is very complex and depends on the intensity, duration and frequency of undertaken physical activity, the exposure to cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and the age-related changes in the immune system. Daily physical activity, which particularly influences immunity, declines dramatically with age. Therefore, the aim of the study was to explain whether physical activity sustained throughout life can attenuate or reverse immunosenescence. Methods Ninety-nine older adults (60–90 years) were recruited for the study. According to the 6-min walk test (6WMT), the Åstrand-Ryhming bike test (VO2max) and Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS) questionnaire, the individuals were classified as physically active (n = 34) and inactive (n = 20) groups. The analysis of T lymphocytes between active vs. inactive participants was performed using eight-parameter flow cytometry. Results Analysis of the baseline peripheral naïve and memory T lymphocytes showed a significant relationship of lifestyle exercise with the CD4/CD8 ratio. Above 50% of physically active participants demonstrated the CD4/CD8 ratio ≥ 1 or ≤ 2.5 contrary to the inactive group who showed the ratio < 1. The older adults with the result of 6WMT > 1.3 m/s and VO2max > 35 mL/kg/min had a significantly higher CD4+CD45RA+ T lymphocyte percentage and also a higher ratio of CD4+CD45RA+/CD4+CD45RO+. Interestingly, in active older adults with IgG CMV+ (n = 30) the count of CD4+CD45RA+ T lymphocytes was higher than in the inactive group with IgG CMV+ (n = 20). Conclusion Based on the flow cytometry analysis, we concluded that lifestyle exercise could lead to rejuvenation of the immune system by increasing the percentage of naïve T lymphocytes or by reducing the tendency of the inverse CD4/CD8 ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tylutka
- Department of Applied and Clinical Physiology, Collegium Medicum University of Zielona Gora, 28 Zyty Str., 65-046, Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Barbara Morawin
- Department of Applied and Clinical Physiology, Collegium Medicum University of Zielona Gora, 28 Zyty Str., 65-046, Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Artur Gramacki
- Faculty of Computer, Electrical and Control Engineering, Institute of Control and Computation Engineering University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zembron-Lacny
- Department of Applied and Clinical Physiology, Collegium Medicum University of Zielona Gora, 28 Zyty Str., 65-046, Zielona Gora, Poland.
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Stenner BJ, Buckley JD, Mosewich AD. Reasons why older adults play sport: A systematic review. J Sport Health Sci 2020; 9:530-541. [PMID: 33308804 PMCID: PMC7749227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the known contribution of sport to health and well-being, sport participation declines in older age. However, for some people, sport continues to play an important role in older age and may contribute to improved health and well-being in older years. Although the health-related benefits of participating in sport are commonly reported, the reasons why some older adults continue to play sport are not well understood. This systematic review aimed to (1) identify studies from the literature that evaluated the reasons why older adults (aged 55 years and older) participate in sport and (2) synthesize and discuss the reasons for their participation reported in the literature. METHODS Searches of the electronic databases Embase, Medline, PsycInfo, PubMed, and SPORTDiscus were performed. Studies were included that evaluated reasons for sport participation in adults aged 55 years and older because this is the age at which sport participation has been reported to begin declining. The studies included in this review used qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods designs, were peer reviewed, and were published in the English language before the search date (20 January 2019). RESULTS A total of 1732 studies were identified. After exclusions, 30 studies were included in the review (16 qualitative, 10 quantitative, and 4 mixed methods). The review presents several features and findings from the studies, including a description and systematization of the reasons for participating in sport and the main reasons that participants gave for participating in sport (maintaining health, feeling and being part of a community, and taking advantage of opportunities to develop relationships). Other reasons included competing and attaining a feeling of achievement, taking advantage of opportunities for travel, and being part of a team. Sport was identified as contributing to the overall experience of successful ageing. There were few comparative differences for participating in sport, and there were only small differences between genders for the reasons given for participation. Generally, the quality of the studies was good; however, mixed methods studies lacked appropriate data analysis procedures. CONCLUSION Older adults play sport for a range of health-related and social reasons that can contribute to the experience of successful ageing. Strategies to increase sport participation by older adults should focus on promoting these aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad J Stenner
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia.
| | - Jonathan D Buckley
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Amber D Mosewich
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia; Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2R3, Canada
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27
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Verheggen ICM, de Jong JJA, van Boxtel MPJ, Postma AA, Jansen JFA, Verhey FRJ, Backes WH. Imaging the role of blood-brain barrier disruption in normal cognitive ageing. GeroScience 2020; 42:1751-64. [PMID: 33025410 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate whether blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption is a potential mechanism of usual age-related cognitive decline, we conducted dynamic contrast–enhanced (DCE) MRI to measure BBB leakage in a healthy sample, and investigated the association with longitudinal cognitive decline. In a sample of neurologically and cognitively healthy, older individuals, BBB leakage rate in the white and grey matter and hippocampus was measured using DCE MRI with pharmacokinetic modelling. Regression analysis was performed to investigate whether the leakage rate was associated with decline in cognitive performance (memory encoding, memory retrieval, executive functioning and processing speed) over 12 years. White and grey matter BBB leakages were significantly associated with decline in memory retrieval. No significant relations were found between hippocampal BBB leakage and cognitive performance. BBB disruption already being associated with usual cognitive ageing, supports that this neurovascular alteration is a possible explanation for the cognitive decline inherent to the ageing process. More insight into BBB leakage during the normal ageing process could improve estimation and interpretation of leakage rate in pathological conditions. The current results might also stimulate the search for strategies to maintain BBB integrity and help increase the proportion people experiencing successful ageing. Netherlands Trial Register number: NL6358, date of registration: 2017-03-24.
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28
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Vanajan A, Bültmann U, Henkens K. Health-related Work Limitations Among Older Workers-the Role of Flexible Work Arrangements and Organizational Climate. Gerontologist 2020; 60:450-459. [PMID: 31150535 PMCID: PMC7117617 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnz073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Given their increasing prevalence with age, chronic health conditions (CHCs) are substantially affecting older workers and organizations. An important question is whether and how flexible work arrangements and organizational climates may help to reduce the work limitations experienced by older workers. Grounded on the Job Demand-Resource model, we hypothesize that access to flexible work arrangements (working-time flexibility, workplace flexibility, phased retirement) and supportive organizational climates (healthy ageing climate, psychological safety climate) are vital job resources that are associated with fewer health-related work limitations among older workers experiencing CHCs. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Multilevel data were collected among 5,419 older workers (60-65 years) in 624 organizations in the Netherlands. Perceived health-related work limitations of older workers diagnosed with arthritis (N = 2,330), cardiovascular disease (N = 720), and sleep disorders (N = 816) were analyzed. RESULTS Multilevel ordered logistic regression analyses revealed that perceived access to flexible working hours and a psychologically safe organizational climate was associated with fewer health-related work limitations among older workers with CHCs. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS Facilitating longer working lives is a key policy challenge within organizations, in particular if older workers are constraint by CHCs. This study shows that offering flexible working hours and ensuring a psychologically safe climate, where older workers with health issues are inclined to share their work needs and preferences, are likely to contribute to healthy ageing in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushiya Vanajan
- Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands.,Department of Health Sciences, Community & Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ute Bültmann
- Department of Health Sciences, Community & Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kène Henkens
- Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands.,Department of Health Sciences, Community & Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Quirke E, König HH, Hajek A. Extending understanding of grandchild care on feelings of loneliness and isolation in later life : A literature review. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2020; 54:513-516. [PMID: 32856121 PMCID: PMC7451229 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-020-01776-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic presents serious challenges across the world. Among these challenges are the possible negative implications for the mental health and well-being of older persons that ongoing social distancing measures may cause. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, a growing body of literature explored the associations between grandchild caregiving, loneliness and social isolation. We summarize the existing literature on this topic. An association between the provision of grandchild care and reduced feelings of loneliness was found in cross-sectional studies; however, a longitudinal study identified possible gender differences in the impact of grandchild care on feelings of loneliness, with the commencement of grandchild care linked to grandfathers feeling lonelier. At the conclusion of the summary, we highlight the need for further research in this field. Further research is of particular relevance given the drastic changes to the way families and older people interact socially, brought about by the COVID-19 global pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Quirke
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Hans-Helmut König
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - André Hajek
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
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Abstract
In this paper, we highlighted links between personality traits and successful ageing through a systematic review of recent empirical studies. Particularly, we addressed the question of whether personality traits are related to successful ageing and, if so, why and how? Answers to this question provided, for example, arguments that supported personality's role in planning an individual's future based on self-knowledge, thereby contributing to a sense of identity throughout their life. Then, considering longitudinal studies, we examined whether personality is stable over one's life course, or does it change and, if so, why and under what conditions? Answers to this question gave substance to the idea that a stable personality allows for continuous and consistent development. In addition, certain personality changes are likely to allow an individual to develop the resilience to better adapt to life's challenges. Therefore, the arguments brought by these two questions can help clarify the modulating role of personality for successful ageing via health and well-being outcomes. These insights may contribute to the development of new prevention approaches, more focused on inter- and intraindividual differences, to promote successful ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Pocnet
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Service of Old Age Psychiatry, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Geriatric Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julius Popp
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Service of Old Age Psychiatry, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Centre for Gerontopsychiatric Medicine, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Jopp
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES (NCCRs), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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31
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Monaco A, Palmer K, Marengoni A, Maggi S, Hassan TA, Donde S. Integrated care for the management of ageing-related non-communicable diseases: current gaps and future directions. Aging Clin Exp Res 2020; 32:1353-1358. [PMID: 32277438 PMCID: PMC7316682 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-020-01533-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Due to the increase in the older population in Europe and associated rise in the absolute number of persons with Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), it is becoming increasingly important to find ways to promote healthy ageing, which is defined as the process of developing and maintaining the functional ability that enables well-being in older age. Older persons with NCDs can have complex care needs due to the increased risk of frailty, multimorbidity, and polypharmacy. However, current health systems in Europe often provide fragmented care for older people with NCDs; many receive disjointed care from numerous specialists or via different levels of care. In the current article, we discuss barriers and challenges in implementing integrated care models in European settings for older NCD patients. Specifically, we discuss the need for greater use of case managers in the care and treatment persons with complex care needs as well as the lack of training and education in healthcare professionals on topics related to multimorbidity, frailty, and polypharmacy. We discuss the limitations that arise from the current focus on disease-specific guidelines and care models that do not take comorbid conditions into account, and the lack of good quality evidence that evaluates the effectiveness of integrated care interventions, especially in European health settings. We highlight the importance of evaluating and monitoring mental health in conjunction with somatic symptoms in NCD patients and discuss the integral role of information and communication technology in healthcare to streamline integrated care processes and help to achieve better outcomes for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katie Palmer
- Oliba, Via Federico Cesi 30, 00193, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Marengoni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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32
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Okely JA, Deary IJ. Longitudinal Associations Between Loneliness and Cognitive Ability in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2020; 74:1376-1386. [PMID: 30053217 PMCID: PMC6777773 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gby086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Loneliness is associated with poorer cognitive function in old age; however, the direction of this association is unknown. We tested for reciprocal associations between loneliness and the cognitive ability domains of processing speed, visuospatial ability, verbal memory, and crystallized ability. Method We used three triennial waves of longitudinal data from the Lothian Birth Cohort Study 1936, and tested for cross-lagged associations between loneliness and cognitive abilities using cross-lagged panel models. Results Better processing speed, visuospatial ability, or crystallized ability at age 73, was associated with less positive changes in loneliness between ages 73 and 76; however, these associations were not replicated between ages 76 and 79. Loneliness at ages 73 and 76 did not predict subsequent changes in cognitive abilities. Discussion Our findings indicate an association between cognitive ability and loneliness, such that individuals with lower cognitive abilities at age 73 may be at a slightly higher risk of becoming lonely. However, we did not find support for the hypothesis that loneliness causes a decline in cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith A Okely
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, UK
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Foscolou A, Critselis E, Tyrovolas S, Chrysohoou C, Naumovski N, Sidossis LS, Rallidis L, Matalas AL, Panagiotakos D. The association of animal and plant protein with successful ageing: a combined analysis of MEDIS and ATTICA epidemiological studies. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:2215-24. [PMID: 32434609 DOI: 10.1017/S1368980020000427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate the differences between the consumption of plant-based v. animal-based protein-rich diets on successful ageing, as well as to identify the optimal combination of dietary protein intake for facilitating successful ageing in people aged >50 years. DESIGN A combined analysis was conducted in older adults of the ATTICA and MEDIS population-based cross-sectional studies. Anthropometrical, clinical and sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle parameters, dietary habits and level of protein intake were derived through standard procedures. Successful ageing was evaluated using the validated Successful Aging Index (SAI) composed of ten health-related social, lifestyle and clinical characteristics. SETTING Athens area and twenty Greek islands. PARTICIPANTS A total of 3349 Greek women and men over 50 years old. RESULTS Participants with high consumption of plant proteins were more likely to be male, physically active, with higher daily energy intake, higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet and higher level of SAI (P < 0·001). Participants with 'Low animal & High plant' and 'High animal & High plant' protein consumption had a 6 and 7 % higher SAI score, respectively, compared with the other participants (P < 0·001). In contrast, 'Low animal & Low plant' and 'High animal & Low plant' protein intake was negatively associated with SAI as compared to the combination of all other consumption categories (P < 0·02). CONCLUSIONS The consumption of a plant-based protein-rich diet seems to be a beneficial nutritional choice that should be promoted and encouraged to older people since it may benefit both individual's health and prolong successful ageing.
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Urtamo A, Jyväkorpi SK, Kautiainen H, Pitkälä KH, Strandberg TE. Major cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in midlife and extreme longevity. Aging Clin Exp Res 2020; 32:299-304. [PMID: 31612429 PMCID: PMC7033063 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-019-01364-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background The studies on the association of various midlife risk factors with reaching 90 years or more are scarce. We studied this association in a socioeconomically homogenous cohort of businessmen. Methods The study consists of men (n = 970) from the Helsinki Businessmen Study cohort (born 1919–1928). Five major cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (smoking, BMI, blood pressure, serum lipids, fasting glucose), consumption of alcohol and coffee, self-rated health and self-rated fitness, were assessed in 1974, at an average age of 50 years. The number of major risk factors was tested as a risk burden. The Charlson Comorbidity Index and the RAND-36 (SF-36) Physical and Mental health summary scores were calculated from surveys in year 2000, at age of 73 years. Mortality dates were retrieved through 31 March 2018 from the Population Information System of Finland. Results 244 men survived to the age of 90 representing 25.2% of the study cohort. The survivors had less risk factor burden in midlife, and less morbidity and higher physical health summary score in 2000. Of those with five major risk factors only 7% survived up to 90 years, whereas 51% of those without any risk factors reached that age. Single risk factors reducing odds of reaching 90 years were smoking (odds ratio [OR] 0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.34–0.67), glucose (0.66, 0.49–0.88), BMI (0.63, 0.46–0.86), and cholesterol (0.71, 0.53–0.96). Conclusion Lack of five major CVD risk factors in midlife strongly increased odds of reaching 90 years of age and also predicted factors related to successful ageing in late life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annele Urtamo
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Unit of Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Satu K Jyväkorpi
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Unit of Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannu Kautiainen
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Unit of Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaisu H Pitkälä
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Unit of Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo E Strandberg
- Clinicum, and Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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35
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Borras C, Ingles M, Mas-Bargues C, Dromant M, Sanz-Ros J, Román-Domínguez A, Gimeno-Mallench L, Gambini J, Viña J. Centenarians: An excellent example of resilience for successful ageing. Mech Ageing Dev 2019; 186:111199. [PMID: 31899226 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2019.111199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Centenarians are remarkable not only because of their prolonged life, but also because they compress morbidity until the very last moments of their lives, thus being proposed as a model of successful, extraordinary ageing. From the medical viewpoint, centenarians do not escape the physiological decline or the age-related diseases or syndromes (i.e. frailty), but the rate of such processes is slow enough to be counterbalanced by their increased intrinsic capacity to respond to minor stresses of daily life (i.e. resilience). These new concepts are reviewed in this paper. Allostatic stresses lead to a chronic low-grade inflammation that has led to the proposal of the "inflammaging" theory of ageing and frailty. The biology of centenarians, described in this review, provides us with clues for intervention to promote healthy ageing in the general population. One of the major reasons for this healthy ageing has to do with the genetic signature that is specific for centenarians and certainly different from octogenarians who do not enjoy the extraordinary qualities of centenarians.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Borras
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
| | - M Ingles
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - C Mas-Bargues
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Dromant
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - J Sanz-Ros
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Román-Domínguez
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - L Gimeno-Mallench
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - J Gambini
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - J Viña
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
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Gallardo-Peralta LP, Sánchez-Moreno E. Successful ageing in older persons belonging to the Aymara native community: exploring the protective role of psychosocial resources. Health Psychol Behav Med 2019; 7:396-412. [PMID: 34040858 PMCID: PMC8114412 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2019.1691558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyse the process of successful ageing in older persons who state their belonging to a native Chilean ethnic group. There has recently been a notable increase in interest regarding analysis of the cultural processes and variables associated with successful ageing. However, there is a lack of studies analysing successful ageing in native ethnic groups; that is, ethnic communities living in their natural environmental surroundings. Methods: A cross-sectional research design was used. The sample was composed by 232 indigenous Aymara persons aged over 60 years who live in the far north of Chile. Data were collected using a questionnaire made up of validated measurement scales for successful ageing, community support, quality of life, religiousness/spirituality, and health. Results: The results suggest that indigenous persons age successfully, particularly in the context of physical functionality. Successful ageing is positively related with community integration, social support from informal systems (social groups), quality of life, and religiousness (forgiveness). In contrast, successful ageing is negatively related with depression. Conclusions: Cultural practices and an active lifestyle are ethnic cultural resources enabling persons to successfully cope with ageing. The results suggest that interventions would benefit from incorporating actions within a context of community integration. Particular attention to preventing deterioration in mental health would help to foster a successful ageing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena P Gallardo-Peralta
- Faculty of Social Work, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,School of Social Work, University of Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| | - Esteban Sánchez-Moreno
- Research Institute for Development and Cooperation (IUDC), Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Monaco A, Maggi S, De Cola P, Hassan TA, Palmer K, Donde S. Information and communication technology for increasing healthy ageing in people with non-communicable diseases: identifying challenges and further areas for development. Aging Clin Exp Res 2019; 31:1689-1693. [PMID: 31317518 PMCID: PMC6825021 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-019-01258-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Information and communication technology (ICT) within healthcare covers a range of technologies that aim to improve disease management or help modify health behaviors. We discuss clinical practice and system-related ICT challenges in Europe in relation to healthy ageing in people with non-communicable diseases (NCD). Although ICT use within healthcare is increasing, several challenges remain, including: (i) variations in ICT use within Europe; (ii) under-use of electronic health records; (iii) frequent use of single domain outcomes; (iv) shortage of clinical trials on current technologies; (v) lack of involvement of patients in ICT development; (vii) need to develop and adapt ICTs for people with cognitive or sensory impairment; and (viii) need to use longitudinal big data better. Close collaboration between key stakeholders (academia, biopharmaceutical and technology industries, healthcare, policy makers, patients, and caregivers) should foster both technological innovation and innovative models to facilitate more cost-effective approaches, ultimately leading to increased healthy ageing.
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Aw S, Koh GCH, Tan CS, Wong ML, Vrijhoef HJM, Harding SC, Geronimo MAB, Hildon ZJL. Exploring the implementation of the Community for Successful Ageing (ComSA)program in Singapore: lessons learnt on program delivery for improving BioPsychoSocial health. BMC Geriatr 2019; 19:263. [PMID: 31664899 PMCID: PMC6820954 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-019-1271-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Community for Successful Ageing (ComSA) program has implemented overlapping BioPsychoSocial (BPS) components as part of a Community Development (CD) grassroots and volunteer-led initiative. Implementation of such multi-component programming is influenced by known program characteristics including novelty, complexity and observability as well as related organizational factors. As such, we explored ComSA CD's implementation from the organizational perspective, seeking to inform program improvements. METHODS We conducted four focus groups with program staff, partners and trainers (total N = 21 participants). Findings were analysed using an interpretative approach and synthesized into a line of argument informing lessons learnt. RESULTS An implementation framework was identified. It is guided by considering the influence of known program characteristics across major themes, representing three core implementation stages. These and supporting sub-themes are elaborated in turn: 1) Creating commitment toward the program was challenged by novelty and at times a lack of shared understanding of ComSA CD, particularly relating to the S component. Overall, cohesion within organizational contexts and having a strong rapport with the community (ability to engage) were needed to persuade volunteers and participants to commit to the program. 2) Coordination and resource allocation were influenced by the complexity of interconnecting BPS components - requiring aligning communication between partners and adapting the BPS sequence, given the separated management structure of program trainers. Efficiency of resource utilization was constrained by the ability to pool and match resources given the limited manpower and community partners who worked-in-silo due to a KPI-centric culture. 3) Collaborative program monitoring and appraisal increased observability of the program's benefits, but depended on partners' prior commitment. Despite appreciating its holistic BPS programming, dropout rate was used as a way to gauge program success, which has limited interpretability. Occasional uncertainty about the program value contributed to concerns about duplicating existing ageing programs, particularly those related to the B component. CONCLUSION Lessons learnt for improving BPS programming include (1) eliciting better participants' buy-in and shared program vision, (2) increasing adaptability of BPS sequence and building a culture of shared values for working together (3) and developing comprehensive monitoring systems for program appraisal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Aw
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Tahir Foundation Building, 12 Science Drive 2, #08-01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.
| | - Gerald C H Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Tahir Foundation Building, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-03G, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Chuen Seng Tan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Tahir Foundation Building, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Mee Lian Wong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Tahir Foundation Building, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Hubertus J M Vrijhoef
- Department of Patient and Care, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.Debyelaan, 25, 6229 HX, Masstricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Family Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Susana Concordo Harding
- Tsao Foundation, 298 Tiong Bahru Road, #15-01/06 Central Plaza, Singapore, 168730, Singapore
| | - Mary Ann B Geronimo
- Tsao Foundation, 298 Tiong Bahru Road, #15-01/06 Central Plaza, Singapore, 168730, Singapore
| | - Zoe J L Hildon
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, The John Hopkins University, 111 Market Place, Suite 310, Baltimore, Maryland, 21202, USA.,London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, Department of Global Health and Development, Keppel street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 117549, Singapore, Singapore
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Piccirilli M, Pigliautile M, Arcelli P, Baratta I, Ferretti S. Improvement in cognitive performance and mood in healthy older adults: a multimodal approach. Eur J Ageing 2019; 16:327-336. [PMID: 31543727 PMCID: PMC6728443 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-019-00503-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to evaluate if being involved in a programme that integrates physical, mental, and social activities could help to reduce the impacts of cerebral ageing on cognitive functions. Fifty healthy adults over 65 years of age and without cognitive impairment were randomly assigned to either an experimental or a control group; subjects were equally divided by age, sex, schooling, physical health, mood, and social integration. For 6 months, the experimental group had biweekly meetings, participating in a multimodal approach based on a combination of simultaneous physical, mental, and social activities. At pre-test and post-test, both experimental and control subjects underwent a neuropsychological assessment, including tests to measure attention, verbal and spatial memory, language, constructional praxis, executive functions, processing speed, and intelligence. Furthermore, a visual analogue scale was used to examine well-being and mood states. Compared to the pre-test levels and the control subjects, the performance of subjects in the experimental group significantly improved in several neuropsychological tests, including attention, processing speed, memory, and executive functions, as well as mood state. Even in older subjects without cognitive impairments, a multimodal approach based on simultaneous physical, mental, and social activity can be a useful strategy that has beneficial effects on mood and cognition. The results suggest that an active lifestyle may protect against cognitive decline in ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Piccirilli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Martina Pigliautile
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paola Arcelli
- Degree Course in Speech and Language Therapy, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Irene Baratta
- Speech and Language Therapist, USL Umbria 1, Perugia, Italy
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Ohashi J, Katsura T. A coaching program to improve quality of life in older people in Japan: a randomised controlled trial. Br J Community Nurs 2019; 24:315-322. [PMID: 31265338 DOI: 10.12968/bjcn.2019.24.7.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As the world's population ages, efforts to improve quality of life (QOL) in old age are gaining public attention. In this study, a programme was conducted for older people with the aim of clarifying their life goals related to QOL and the meaning of their existence, and the effect of the programme in improving QOL was evaluated. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group after registration. The program consisted of four 90-minute classes. The primary outcome was the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale score (PGC), and changes in outcomes were compared between groups. The intervention group had significantly improved PGC scores (P<0.003). Further, the scores of PGC subscales 'Acceptance of one's own ageing' and 'Lonely dissatisfaction' showed significant improvements after the intervention (P<0.001). The findings suggest the effectiveness of the developed program in improving QOL in people aged ≥65 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Ohashi
- Lecturer, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Graduate School of Nursing for Healthcare Science
| | - Toshiki Katsura
- Lecturer, Department of Preventive Nursing, School of Human Health Sciences Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
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Boulton E, Weber M, Hawley-Hague H, Bergquist R, Van Ancum J, Jonkman NH, Taraldsen K, Helbostad JL, Maier AB, Becker C, Todd C, Clemson L, Schwenk M. Attitudes Towards Adapted Lifestyle-Integrated Functional Exercise Developed for 60-70-Year-Olds: Perceptions of Participants and Trainers. Gerontology 2019; 65:599-609. [PMID: 31216533 DOI: 10.1159/000500778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Time commitments, limited access, or unwillingness to join a group are some of the many reasons for low adherence to structured exercise in older adults. A promising alternative approach is integrating exercise into daily routines. OBJECTIVE This study tested whether an adapted Lifestyle-integrated Functional Exercise (aLiFE) programme is suitable for adults aged 60-70 years. METHODS The aLiFE approach was evaluated by interviews and focus-groups with participants and trainers following 4-week pre-post intervention pilot study. For data analyses, Framework Approach was used. Coding was managed using NVivo, and subsequently organised into overarching themes. RESULTS Twenty women and 11 men (mean age 66.4 ± 2.7 years) and 6 trainers (30.0 ± 6.2 years; 5 women) participated. Both participants and trainers were positive about the programme. Participants understood the concept of integrating balance, strength and physical activities into daily lives and valued the individual tailoring in the programme, the preventive approach, and the support of trainers. Trainers valued the flexible approach and peer support between trainers. However, both participants and trainers disliked the extensive study paperwork and reported some challenges to integrate activities into daily routines during the compressed intervention: busy and varied lifestyles, embarrassment performing activities in public, pain, difficulty of specific activities. Participants noted habitualisation of some activities within the short intervention period, even without continuous self-monitoring. CONCLUSIONS aLiFE is a highly acceptable intervention amongst adults aged 60-70 years. Trainers are especially relevant as motivators and support providers. The effectiveness of the aLiFE approach should be tested in a randomised controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Boulton
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom,
| | - Michaela Weber
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Helen Hawley-Hague
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ronny Bergquist
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jeanine Van Ancum
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nini H Jonkman
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kristin Taraldsen
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jorunn L Helbostad
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Andrea B Maier
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Clemens Becker
- Department of Clinical Gerontology and Geriatric Rehabilitation, Robert-Bosch Hospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Chris Todd
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lindy Clemson
- Faculty of Health Sciences, and Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research (CEPAR), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Schwenk
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Clinical Gerontology and Geriatric Rehabilitation, Robert-Bosch Hospital, Stuttgart, Germany
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Biering P. Helpful approaches to older people experiencing mental health problems: a critical review of models of mental health care. Eur J Ageing 2019; 16:215-25. [PMID: 31139035 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-018-0490-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite growing concerns for the mental health of the older generation most studies focus on mental health care for younger people and there is a lack of knowledge about helpful treatment approaches and models of care for older people. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to answer the question what health care approaches are most helpful for older people experiencing mental health problems. Databases from 2000 to July 2017 were searched with focus on outcome studies, experts' opinions and treatment descriptions. Critical interpretive synthesis was used to analyse and interpret the findings. Four main models of care were found: the medical-psychiatric model which mostly focuses on antipsychotic medication for the treatment of symptoms. Psychotherapeutic and social interventions take into consideration the psychosocial perspectives of mental health problems, but little research has been done on their lasting effect. Research indicates that psychotherapy needs to be adapted to the special needs of older people. Few old people have access to psychotherapy which limits its usefulness. Holistic or integrated models of health care have emerged in recent years. These models focus on both physical and psychosocial well-being and have shown promising outcomes. To reduce antipsychotic medication older people need to be given better access to psychotherapy and social interventions. This presupposes training health care professionals in such treatment methods. The holistic models need to be developed and studied further and given high priority in health care policy.
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Hildon ZJL, Tan CS, Shiraz F, Ng WC, Deng X, Koh GCH, Tan KB, Philp I, Wiggins D, Aw S, Wu T, Vrijhoef HJM. The theoretical and empirical basis of a BioPsychoSocial (BPS) risk screener for detection of older people's health related needs, planning of community programs, and targeted care interventions. BMC Geriatr 2018; 18:49. [PMID: 29454316 PMCID: PMC5816546 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-018-0739-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study introduces the conceptual basis and operational measure, of BioPyschoSocial (BPS) health and related risk to better understand how well older people are managing and to screen for risk status. The BPS Risk Screener is constructed to detect vulnerability at older ages, and seeks to measure dynamic processes that place equal emphasis on Psycho-emotional and Socio-interpersonal risks, as Bio-functional ones. We validate the proposed measure and describe its application to programming. Methods We undertook a quantitative cross-sectional, psychometric study with n = 1325 older Singaporeans, aged 60 and over. We adapted the EASYCare 2010 and Lubben Social Network Scale questionnaires to help determine the BPS domains using factor analysis from which we derive the BPS Risk Screener items. We then confirm its structure, and test the scoring system. The score is initially validated against self-reported general health then modelled against: number of falls; cognitive impairment; longstanding diseases; and further tested against service utilization (linked administrative data). Results Three B, P and S clusters are defined and identified and a BPS managing score (‘doing’ well, or ‘some’, ‘many’, and ‘overwhelming problems’) calculated such that the risk of problematic additive BPS effects, what we term health ‘loads’, are accounted for. Thirty-five items (factor loadings over 0.5) clustered into three distinct B, P, S domains and were found to be independently associated with self-reported health: B: 1.99 (1.64 to 2.41), P: 1.59 (1.28 to 1.98), S: 1.33 (1.10 to 1.60). The fit improved when combined into the managing score 2.33 (1.92 to 2.83, < 0.01). The score was associated with mounting risk for all outcomes. Conclusions BPS domain structures, and the novel scoring system capturing dynamic BPS additive effects, which can combine to engender vulnerability, are validated through this analysis. The resulting tool helps render clients’ risk status and related intervention needs transparent. Given its explicit and empirically supported attention to P and S risks, which have the potential to be more malleable than B ones, especially in the older old, this tool is designed to be change sensitive. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12877-018-0739-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe J-L Hildon
- Johns Hopkins University, Center for Communication Programs, 111 Market Place, Suite 310, Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA. .,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Public Health & Policy, London, England. .,, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Chuen Seng Tan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Farah Shiraz
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wai Chong Ng
- Tsao Foundation, 298 Tiong Bahru Road, #15-01/06 Central Plaza, Singapore, 168730, Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Deng
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gerald Choon Huat Koh
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kelvin Bryan Tan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Ministry of Health, College of Medicine, Building 16 College Road, Singapore, 169854, Singapore.,, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ian Philp
- University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Dick Wiggins
- UCL Institute of Education, IOE - Social Science, University College London, 20 Bedford Way, London, WC1H 0AL, England
| | - Su Aw
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Treena Wu
- Tsao Foundation, 298 Tiong Bahru Road, #15-01/06 Central Plaza, Singapore, 168730, Singapore
| | - Hubertus J M Vrijhoef
- Department of Patient & Care, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090, Brussel, Belgium.,Panaxea, Matrix II, unit 1.08/9, Science Park 400, 1098, XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Fastame MC, Hitchcott PK, Penna MP. The impact of leisure on mental health of Sardinian elderly from the 'blue zone': evidence for ageing well. Aging Clin Exp Res 2018; 30:169-180. [PMID: 28510785 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-017-0768-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been scientific interest in the Sardinia population for a number of years and for a variety of reasons, including its extreme longevity. This is especially prevalent in the central-eastern region of the island, where a blue zone region has been precisely delineated. AIMS The present study examines the influence of leisure activities on psychological well-being and depressive symptoms in elderly individuals living in the blue zone region of inner Sardinia. METHODS Eighty-three participants were recruited according to strict inclusion criteria to ensure their cognitive and residency status. Individuals were assigned to either old (70-79 years) or very old (≥80 years) groups, and were administered a test battery to determine their socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics, perceived physical health, and self-perceived well-being and depressive symptoms. RESULTS The primary findings indicate that participation in leisure activities positively influenced both self-perceived well-being and depressive symptoms. There was though, a differential impact on different sub-scales of well-being, and moreover, the overall pattern of results suggested primarily an influence on mood states and/or emotion regulation. CONCLUSIONS The emerging psychological pattern of results about elders from the Sardinian blue zone region provides insight for the promotion of successful ageing in late adulthood.
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Abstract
Globally, an estimated 46 million people are currently living with dementia and this figure is projected to increase 3-fold by 2050, highlighting this major public health concern and its substantial associated healthcare costs. With pharmacological treatment yet to reach fruition, the emphasis on evidence-based preventative lifestyle strategies is becoming increasingly important and several modifiable lifestyle factors have been identified that may preserve cognitive health. These include good cardiovascular health, physical activity, low alcohol intake, smoking and a healthy diet, with growing interest in vitamin D. The aim of the present paper is to review the evidence supporting the potential roles of vitamin D in ageing and cognitive health in community-dwelling older adults. Furthermore, to describe the utility and challenges of cognitive assessments and outcomes when investigating vitamin D in this context. Evidence indicates that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) may impact brain health. There is a biological plausibility from animal models that vitamin D may influence neurodegenerative disorders, through several mechanisms. Epidemiological evidence supports associations between low serum 25(OH)D concentrations and poorer cognitive performance in community-dwelling older populations, although an optimal 25(OH)D level for cognitive health could not be determined. The effect of raising 25(OH)D concentrations on cognitive function remains unclear, as there is a paucity of interventional evidence. At a minimum, it seems prudent to aim to prevent vitamin D deficiency in older adults, with other known common protective lifestyle factors, as a viable component of brain health strategies.
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Tyrovolas S, Haro JM, Foscolou A, Tyrovola D, Mariolis A, Bountziouka V, Piscopo S, Valacchi G, Anastasiou F, Gotsis E, Metallinos G, Papairakleous N, Polychronopoulos E, Matalas AL, Lionis C, Zeimbekis A, Tur JA, Sidossis LS, Panagiotakos DB. Anti-Inflammatory Nutrition and Successful Ageing in Elderly Individuals: The Multinational MEDIS Study. Gerontology 2017; 64:3-10. [PMID: 28898883 DOI: 10.1159/000479065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of diet and inflammation in successful ageing is not transparent, and as such, is still being investigated. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the inflammatory potential of dietary habits in the successful ageing of a random sample of older adults living in the Mediterranean basin and who participated in the MEDIS (MEDiterranean ISlands) study. METHODS During 2005-2016, 3,128 older adults (aged 65-100 years) from 24 Mediterranean islands and the rural Mani region (Peloponnesus) of Greece were enrolled in the study. A multidimensional successful ageing index consisting of 10 components was employed. A validated and reproducible Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used to evaluate the dietary habits of the older adults. A nutrition anti-inflammatory (NAI) score based on the participants' specific dietary habits was assessed. RESULTS Participants with high NAI scores (proinflammatory nutrition) had a higher prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and lower levels of successful ageing. After adjusting for several confounders, the NAI score was associated with successful ageing (-0.03, 95% CI -0.5 to -0.006). Stratified analysis by gender and advanced age revealed heterogeneity in the NAI score, predicting successful ageing. CONCLUSIONS The inflammatory potential of nutrition was reported as an important factor for successful ageing, suggesting that further research is needed on the role of anti- and proinflammatory dietary habits in healthy and successful ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Tyrovolas
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Daskalopoulou C, Stubbs B, Kralj C, Koukounari A, Prince M, Prina AM. Physical activity and healthy ageing: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies. Ageing Res Rev 2017. [PMID: 28648951 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older people constitute a significant proportion of the total population and their number is projected to increase by more than half by 2030. This increasing probability of late survival comes with considerable individual, economic and social impact. Physical activity (PA) can influence the ageing process but the specific relationship with healthy ageing (HA) is unclear. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies examining the associations of PA with HA. Studies were identified from a systematic search across major electronic databases from inception as January 2017. Random-effect meta-analysis was performed to calculate a pooled effect size (ES) and 95% CIs. Studies were assessed for methodological quality. RESULTS Overall, 23 studies were identified including 174,114 participants (30% men) with age ranges from 20 to 87 years old. There was considerable heterogeneity in the definition and measurement of HA and PA. Most of the identified studies reported a significant positive association of PA with HA, six reported a non-significant. Meta-analysis revealed that PA is positively associated with HA (ES: 1.39, 95% CI=1.23-1.57, n=17) even if adjusted for publication bias (ES: 1.27, 95% CI=1.11-1.45, n=20). CONCLUSIONS There is consistent evidence from longitudinal observational studies that PA is positively associated with HA, regardless of definition and measurement. Future research should focus on the implementation of a single metric of HA, on the use of objective measures for PA assessment and on a full-range of confounding adjustment. In addition, our research indicated the limited research on ageing in low-and-middle income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Daskalopoulou
- Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Centre for Global Mental Health, London, UK.
| | - B Stubbs
- Department of Health Service and Population Research, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK; Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - C Kralj
- Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Centre for Global Mental Health, London, UK
| | - A Koukounari
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - M Prince
- Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Centre for Global Mental Health, London, UK
| | - A M Prina
- Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Centre for Global Mental Health, London, UK
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São José JMD, Timonen V, Amado CAF, Santos SP. A critique of the Active Ageing Index. J Aging Stud 2017; 40:49-56. [PMID: 28215756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Active ageing and successful ageing are ubiquitous concepts in contemporary societies. In the European Union, active ageing is monitored and promoted chiefly by the Active Ageing Index, a policy tool in use since 2012. We acknowledge that the AAI may contribute to sensitizing people, including policymakers, to the multidimensionality and complexity of the process of "ageing well". However, we note that despite being widely used and promoted, the Active Ageing Index remains under-scrutinized. In this article, we undertake a comprehensive critical analysis of the Active Ageing Index. This critical analysis is supported by the Theory of Model Ageing, the Capability Approach and, to a lesser extent, by relevant literature on composite indices. We conclude that the Active Ageing Index was developed with the paradoxical aim of deriving "the solution" from "the problem". It is an under-theorized and narrowly conceptualized index that contributes to the process of Model Ageing, as its conceptual foundation, and its domains and indicators, convey a certain model of active ageing. This model is expert-based and ingrained with a priori assumptions about the potential of older people, the domains of life and activities they value and how strongly they value them. Finally, the Active Ageing Index measures current achievements, not capabilities (i.e. the opportunity set of achievable "doings" and "beings"), resulting in a valuable but incomplete tool for policymaking purposes. We hope that this critical analysis will initiate a debate on the Active Ageing Index that, in our view, is overdue.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel de São José
- University of Algarve, Faculty of Economics, Centre for Spatial and Organizational Dynamics, Portugal.
| | - Virpi Timonen
- Trinity College Dublin, School of Social Work and Social Policy, University of Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Sérgio Pereira Santos
- University of Algarve, Faculty of Economics, Centre for Advanced Studies in Management and Economics, Portugal
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Herr M, Arvieu JJ, Robine JM, Ankri J. Health, frailty and disability after ninety: Results of an observational study in France. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2016; 66:166-75. [PMID: 27341649 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In spite of their increasing demographic weight, health characteristics of the oldest old remain poorly described in epidemiological studies. OBJECTIVE To describe the health of people aged 70 years and over included in the SIPAF study, and to compare the prevalence of health indicators including successful aging, frailty, and disability between three age groups including the oldest old. METHODS The study population is composed of 2350 retired people recruited between 2008 and 2010, of whom 512 are aged 90 and over (21.8%). A comprehensive geriatric assessment was performed at home by trained nurses. The prevalence of health and functional indicators, as well as the distribution of people among successful ageing, frailty, and disability, were described by age group (70-79, 80-89, 90+) and sex. RESULTS Compared to their younger counterparts, people aged 90 years and over were more likely to experience functional limitations, sensory impairment, cognitive impairment, poor mood, and frailty. One third of the nonagenarians needed help in at least one basic activity of daily living and 25% met the frailty criteria. In contrast, the prevalence of most chronic diseases did not increase after ninety. Successful ageing concerned 9% of the oldest old. Women were less likely to experience successful ageing and more likely to be frail or dependent. CONCLUSION This study shows the diversity of health states in very old age and points out that one quarter of the people aged 90 and over said frail are likely to take advantage of preventive actions of disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Herr
- INSERM, U1168, VIMA: Aging and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches, F-94807, Villejuif, France; Univ Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMR-S 1168, F-78180, Montigny le Bretonneux, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Sainte Périne, Département de Santé Publique, Paris, France.
| | - J J Arvieu
- AG2R La Mondiale, Direction des Etudes, Prévoyance Individuelle et IARD, Paris, France
| | - J M Robine
- INSERM U988 et U1198, EPHE, Paris & Montpellier, France
| | - J Ankri
- INSERM, U1168, VIMA: Aging and Chronic Diseases, Epidemiological and Public Health Approaches, F-94807, Villejuif, France; Univ Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMR-S 1168, F-78180, Montigny le Bretonneux, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Sainte Périne, Département de Santé Publique, Paris, France
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Portilla Franco ME, Tornero Molina F, Gil Gregorio P. Frailty in elderly people with chronic kidney disease. Nefrologia 2016; 36:609-615. [PMID: 27242263 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefro.2016.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the concept of frailty as a "state of pre-disability" has been widely accepted by those involved in the care of the elderly. Its importance lies not only in its high prevalence - more than 25% in people over 85 years of age - but it is also considered an independent risk factor of disability, institutionalisation and mortality amongst the elderly. The study of renal function is relevant in patients with major comorbidities. Studies have shown a significant association between chronic kidney disease and the development of adverse clinical outcomes such as heart disease, heart failure, end-stage renal disease, increased susceptibility to infections and greater functional impairment. Frailty can be reversed, which is why a study of frailty in patients with chronic kidney disease is of particular interest. This article aims to describe the association between ageing, frailty and chronic kidney disease in light of the most recent and relevant scientific publications.
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