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Santos AA, Melo CR, Oliveira BMS, Santana AS, Santos ACC, Sampaio TS, Blank AF, Cristaldo PF, Araújo APA, Bacci L. Acute Toxicity and Sub-lethal Effects of the Essential Oil of Aristolochia trilobata and Its Major Constituents on Nasutitermes corniger (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae). Neotrop Entomol 2019; 48:515-521. [PMID: 30637578 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-018-0665-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nasutitermes corniger (Motschulsky, 1855) (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) is an important pest in urban environments and bioinsecticides can be an alternative to its control. Here, we determined the toxicity and repellence of the essential oil (EO) prepared from stems of Aristolochia trilobata L. (Aristolochiaceae) and its major constituents on N. corniger. We also investigated behavioral changes of individuals exposed to limonene. The lethal dose required to kill 50% of N. corniger population (LD50) of EO of A. trilobata was 2.44 μg mg-1. Limonene was the most toxic compound to N. corniger followed by linalool (LD50 = 1.02 and 1.29 μg mg-1, respectively). In addition, all treatments presented median lethal time (LT50) less than 11 h. A. trilobata EO and its constituents showed irritability activity, but only limonene repelled soldiers more than workers. The negative behaviors of N. corniger groups were higher in individuals treated with limonene. A. trilobata EO and its constituents, especially the limonene, are promising for the control of N. corniger due the high toxicity, repellence, and possible disturbance in the colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - C R Melo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - B M S Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - A S Santana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - A C C Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - T S Sampaio
- Depto de Engenharia Agronômica, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brasil
| | - A F Blank
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
- Depto de Engenharia Agronômica, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brasil
| | - P F Cristaldo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia Agrícola, Depto de Agronomia, Univ Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
| | - A P A Araújo
- Depto de Ecologia, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brasil
| | - L Bacci
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura e Biodiversidade (PPGAGRI), Univ Federal de Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon, s/n, Rosa Elze, 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil.
- Depto de Engenharia Agronômica, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brasil.
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Cristaldo PF, Almeida CS, Cruz NG, Ribeiro EJM, Rocha MLC, Santos AA, Santana AS, Araújo APA. The Role of Resource Density on Energy Allocation in the Neotropical Termite Nasutitermes aff. coxipoensis (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae). Neotrop Entomol 2018; 47:329-335. [PMID: 28466145 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-017-0525-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Organisms acquire energy from environment and must allocate it among different life traits (growth, maintenance and reproduction). Social insects must manage the energy allocation to various levels such as colony growth and caste functions. Here, we addressed the question of whether resource density affects the energy allocation to the number of individuals and caste functions as well as nest's growth rate in the Neotropical termite Nasutitermes aff. coxipoensis (Homgren) (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae). In a manipulative field experiment, colonies of N. aff. coxipoensis, with known volume, were maintained in plots with three different resource's density (0.32, 0.64 and 1.92 baits/m2) over 3 months. After this period, the number of individuals as well as the caste identity and nest volume were measured. Surprisingly, our results showed that colonies reared in the extremes of resource's density (0.32 and 1.92 baits/m2) produced a higher number of individuals compared with colonies reared with intermediate resource density (0. 64 baits/m2). The mean number of workers increased linearly with resource density; however, the average number of immature was higher in colonies reared with 0.32 baits/m2 compared with colonies reared with 0.64 and 1.92 baits/m2. No significant differences of resource density were observed in the mean number of soldiers, worker/soldier ratio as well as in the nest's growth rate. In conclusion, the resource's density seems to play an important role in determining the investment of energy in the number of individuals and caste in N. aff. coxipoensis colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P F Cristaldo
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil.
| | - C S Almeida
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - N G Cruz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - E J M Ribeiro
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - M L C Rocha
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - A A Santos
- Depto de Engenharia Agronômica, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - A S Santana
- Depto de Engenharia Agronômica, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - A P A Araújo
- Lab de Interações Ecológicas, Depto de Ecologia, Univ Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
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Santana AS, Juncá FA. Diet of Physalaemus cf. cicada (Leptodactylidae) and Bufo granulosus (Bufonidae) in a semideciduous forest. BRAZ J BIOL 2007; 67:125-31. [PMID: 17505759 DOI: 10.1590/s1519-69842007000100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2004] [Accepted: 02/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We determined the diet of the two most abundant anuran species which occur in the litter of a semideciduous forest (Lençóis, Bahia, Brazil), Physalaemus cf. cicada and Bufo granulosus in the dry and rainy seasons. Pitfall traps were used to collect anuran and invertebrate fauna, which showed the availability of prey in the environment. Physalaemus cf. cicada was present in both seasons and Bufo granulosus only in the rainy season. Both species fed mainly on Isoptera and Formicidae. However, there is a difference between the rainy and dry seasons concerning the diet of P. cf. cicada. During the rainy season P. cf. cicada consumed less Isoptera and more Formicidae than in the dry season. In the volumetric sense, Orthoptera was the most important alimentary category for P. cf. cicada and B. granulosus. The Jacobs electivity index indicated that Physalaemus cf. cicada and Bufo granulosus were specialists in Isoptera.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Santana
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil.
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