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Fazaeli A, Kohansal MH, Spotin A, Haniloo A, Nourian A, Khiabani A, Siyadatpanah A, Norouzi R, Nissapatorn V. Infection rate and genetic diversity of Giardia duodenalis assemblage C in Iranian stray dogs, targeting the glutamate dehydrogenase gene. Vet World 2021; 14:419-425. [PMID: 33776307 PMCID: PMC7994138 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.419-425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Giardia duodenalis is one of the most common enteric protozoan parasites in vertebrates, such as humans, domestic and wild animals, causing giardiasis. To the best of our knowledge, little is known about the genetic diversity of G. duodenalis assemblages. This study aimed to identify genetic diversity of G. duodenalis assemblages in Iranian stray dogs. Materials and Methods A total of 450 fecal samples were collected from 2015 to 2016 from stray dogs of Northwest Iran. All specimens were observed microscopically following concentration and flotation techniques. Subsequently, DNA samples were extracted, amplified, and sequenced targeting the glutamate dehydrogenase gene. Results The overall prevalence of G. duodenalis in infected dogs was estimated at 1.6%, based on microscopic and molecular diagnoses. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses indicated a high level of genetic diversity of assemblage C (haplotype diversity; 0.802). Conclusion The pairwise sequence distances between the identified isolates of assemblage C showed an intradiversity of 0.3%-1.3% and identity of 98.7%-100%. Current findings indicate that a significant genetic diversity of G. duodenalis assemblage C haplotypes is unequivocally circulates among stray dogs in Northwest Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Fazaeli
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | | | - Adel Spotin
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Haniloo
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Abbasali Nourian
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Alireza Khiabani
- School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Siyadatpanah
- Ferdows School of Paramedical and Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Norouzi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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Karimi S, Salahinejad E, Sharifi E, Nourian A, Tayebi L. Bioperformance of chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings deposited on medical stainless steel. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 202:600-610. [PMID: 30287041 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This work focuses on the structure, bioactivity, corrosion, and biocompatibility characteristics of chitosan-matrix composites reinforced with various amounts of fluoride-doped diopside nanoparticles (at 20, 40, 60, and 80 wt%) deposited on stainless steel 316 L. Bioactivity studies reveal that the presence of the nanoparticles in the coatings induces apatite-forming ability to the surfaces. Based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization experiments, the in vitro corrosion resistance of the substrate was enhanced by increasing the level of the nanoparticles in the coating. The sample containing 60% of the nanoparticles presented the highest osteoblast-like MG63 cell viability, in comparison to the other prepared and even control samples. Also, the cell attachment on the surfaces was improved with increasing the amount of the nanoparticles in the coatings. It is eventually concluded that the application of chitosan/fluoride-doped diopside nanocomposite coatings improves the bioperformance of metallic implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Karimi
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - E Salahinejad
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - E Sharifi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Science and Advanced Technologies In Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - A Nourian
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - L Tayebi
- Department of Developmental Sciences, Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
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Amiri M, Nourian A, Khoshkam M, Ramazani A. Apigenin inhibits growth of the Plasmodium berghei and disrupts some metabolic pathways in mice. Phytother Res 2018; 32:1795-1802. [PMID: 29748995 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Due to the challenges in the control, prevention, and eradication of parasitic diseases like malaria, there is an urgent need to discover new therapeutic agents. Plant-derived medicines may open new ways in the field of antiplasmodial therapy. This study is aimed to investigate the toxicity and in vivo antiplasmodial activity of apigenin, a dietary flavonoid. Apigenin cytotoxicity was investigated on Huh7 cell line, brine shrimp (Artemia salina) larva, and human red blood cells. In vivo toxicity of apigenin was assessed by metabolomics approaches. Apigenin exhibited significant suppression of parasitemia in a dose-dependent manner; it suppressed Plasmodium berghei growth by 69.74%, 50.3%, and 49.23% at concentrations of 70, 35, and 15 mg/kg/day, respectively. The IC50 value for apigenin after 24 hr exposure to Huh7 cells was 225 μg/ml. Apigenin did not show noticeable toxicity on A. salina and also on the membrane integrity of red blood cells. After 24 hr exposure of mice to apigenin, alterations were seen in the metabolism of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, bile acid metabolism (alternative pathway), sulfur metabolism, bile acid metabolism, metabolism of estrogens and androgens, cholesterol catabolism, and biosynthesis of cholesterol. These findings indicate that apigenin has potential in vivo antiplasmodial activity against P. berghei infected mice with high selectivity against malaria, but it can disrupt some metabolic pathways in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Amiri
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Abbasali Nourian
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Maryam Khoshkam
- Chemistry Group, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Ali Ramazani
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Kohansal MH, Nourian A, Rahimi MT, Daryani A, Spotin A, Ahmadpour E. Natural products applied against hydatid cyst protoscolices: A review of past to present. Acta Trop 2017; 176:385-394. [PMID: 28935552 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Echinococcus granulosus is the causative agent of cystic echinococcosis (CE), which is distributed all around the world. CE is one of the most important global parasitic infectious diseases, both in humans and animals. This parasite causes hydatid cysts that can be lodge at different organs of host such as liver, lung even in heart and brain which may lead to death. Presently, numerous scolicidal chemical agents have been administrated for inactivation of the hydatid cyst contents. Because of increasing resistance and adverse effects of medications include abnormalities of liver function, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and headache; there is a need to find alternative therapies either with the least or without side effects. Recently, there is a high tendency among researchers to evaluate and present herbal plants as alternative option due to being inexpensive, easy available, low side effects and toxicity. Till now, many efforts have been conducted on herbal extracts against protoscolices of hydatid cysts throughout the world. Therefore, the current review systematically searched the following electronic databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar on published papers according to the keywords. In addition, a comprehensive list of medicinal plants was prepared and some of these herbal plants which showed the best efficacy and promising results are discussed elaborately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hasan Kohansal
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Abbasali Nourian
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | | | - Ahmad Daryani
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Adel Spotin
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ahmadpour
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Kohansal MH, Fazaeli A, Nourian A, Haniloo A, Kamali K. Dogs' Gastrointestinal Parasites and their Association with Public Health in Iran. J Vet Res 2017; 61:189-195. [PMID: 29978072 PMCID: PMC5894391 DOI: 10.1515/jvetres-2017-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dogs harbour zoonotic parasites that cause serious infections in humans, such as visceral larva migrans, ocular larva migrans, cystic echinococcosis, and alveolar echinococcosis. Studies on dogs' gastrointestinal parasites in different geographical locations are required to increase knowledge of the risk of canine zoonoses in human populations. MATERIAL AND METHODS The presence of parasites was examined in 450 faecal samples collected from eight zones of Zanjan province, northwest Iran from June to November 2015. The samples were examined using the sedimentation concentration method and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining. RESULTS Gastrointestinal parasites were found in 86 (19.1%) faecal samples. Sarcocystis spp. (7.3%), Taenia/Echinococcus spp. (5.6%), Toxocara spp. (1.8%), and Cystoisospora spp. (1.6%) were the most common parasites observed. The other detected parasites consisted of Dicrocoelium dendriticum (0.7%), Eimeria spp. (0.7%), Cryptosporidium spp. (0.4%), Physaloptera spp. (0.4%), Giardia spp. (1.3%), and Spirocerca lupi (1.3%). The lowest parasite infection rates belonged to Trichuris vulpis and Acanthocephalans (0.2% each). CONCLUSION This study provides current information on the infection rates in dog populations in Zanjan Province. Furthermore, the study shows a high prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infections, including zoonotic ones and particularly Taenia/Echinococcus spp., potentially transmissible to humans and thus relevant to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asghar Fazaeli
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Abbasali Nourian
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Haniloo
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Koorosh Kamali
- Department of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Kohansal MH, Nourian A, Haniloo A, Fazaeli A. Molecular detection of Taenia spp. in dogs' feces in Zanjan Province, Northwest of Iran. Vet World 2017; 10:445-449. [PMID: 28507417 PMCID: PMC5422249 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.445-449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Echinococcus and Taenia spp. are important but neglected zoonotic helminths of dogs. Dogs as the most relevant definitive hosts harbor several species of Taenia and Echinococcus simultaneously in their gastrointestinal lumen which are morphologically indistinguishable. In this study, we used a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method to identify Taeniid infections which seem to be highly distributed in the study region. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 450 dog fecal samples were collected from eight different areas of Zanjan province, northwest of Iran, and examined using a flotation method followed by multiplex PCR for detection and identification of parasites' eggs. RESULTS Gastrointestinal parasites were found in 86 out of 450 fecal samples (19.1%) by microscopic examination. Taeniid eggs were observed in 5.6% of samples, containing 0.45%, 3.8%, and 1.3% Echinococcus granulosus, Taenia spp., and mix infection of both E. granulosus and Taenia spp., respectively. Echinococcus multilocularis was absent in the samples. CONCLUSION A relatively low rate of E. granulosus (1.8%) was observed in this study. However, risks of this parasite should not be overlooked, and control programs need to be extended for this species and other Taeniid spp. In particular, dogs are recommended to be dewormed more frequently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hasan Kohansal
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Abbasali Nourian
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Haniloo
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Asghar Fazaeli
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Jafari F, Nourian A, Fazaeli A, Yazdinezhad A, Haniloo A. In vitro activity of Alkanna frigida extracts in comparison with glucantime against Leishmania major. Iran J Microbiol 2013; 5:177-82. [PMID: 23825738 PMCID: PMC3696856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Current chemotherapies of cutaneous leihmaniasis have faced to some problems and limitations; Development of new leishmanicidal drugs from different sources like herbal plants, are crucially important. The objective of the present study was evaluation of in vitro activity of Alkanna frigida extracts in comparison with glucantime against Leishmania major. MATERIALS AND METHODS L. major promastigotes were exposed to different concentrations of the A. frigida extracts, processed by ethyl acetate, ethanol, hexane and chloroform. The inhibitory effect, as the IC50, were calculated after 24, 48 and 72 hours by linear regression analysis values of the concentrations employed. RESULTS The significant inhibition was observed after 24 and 48 hours with different concentrations of compounds (p < 0.05 in all tests). All extracts had potent activity against proliferation of the promastigotes, comparing to the untreated negative control. It could compete with the glucantime efficacy in some concentrations. Ethyl acetate and ethanol extractions showed potent IC50 value, 106 µg/ml and 86 µg/ml, respectively. Hexane and chloroform extractions had poor efficacy after 24 hours; however, the efficacy increased after 48 and 72 hours. CONCLUSION The results indicated that the A. frigida has appropriate inhibitory effects on the growth of L. major promastigotes in vitro and can be of herbal targets for further investigation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Jafari
- Department of Medical Parasitoloy and Mycology, Medical School, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
| | - Abbasali Nourian
- Department of Medical Parasitoloy and Mycology, Medical School, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Corresponding author: Abbasali Nourian, Address: Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Medical School, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Zanjan, Iran. Tel: +98-241-4240301-3. Fax: +98-241-4249553. E-mail
| | - Asghar Fazaeli
- Department of Medical Parasitoloy and Mycology, Medical School, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
| | - Alireza Yazdinezhad
- Department of Pharmacognozy, Faculty of Pharmacy. Zanjan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Haniloo
- Department of Medical Parasitoloy and Mycology, Medical School, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
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Nourian A, Shabani N, nasab NM, Rahmanpour H. Association of Trichomonas vaginalis with low birth weight. Int J Infect Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Harandi AA, Abolfazli R, Hatemian A, Ghragozlee K, Ghaffar-Pour M, Karimi M, Shahbegi S, Pakdaman H, Tabasi M, Tabatabae AL, Nourian A. Safety and Efficacy of MLC601 in Iranian Patients after Stroke: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Stroke Res Treat 2011; 2011:721613. [PMID: 21776364 PMCID: PMC3138057 DOI: 10.4061/2011/721613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2010] [Revised: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. To investigate the safety and efficacy of MLC601 (NeuroAid) as a traditional Chinese medicine on motor recovery after ischemic stroke. Methods. This study was a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial on 150 patients with a recent (less than 3 month) ischemic stroke. All patients were given either MLC601 (100 patients) or placebo (50 patients), 4 capsules 3 times a day, as an add-on to standard stroke treatment for 3 months. Results. Sex, age, elapsed time from stroke onset, and risk factors in the treatment group were not significantly different from placebo group at baseline (P > .05). Repeated measures analysis showed that Fugl-Meyer assessment was significantly higher in the treatment group during 12 weeks after stroke (P < .001). Good tolerability to treatment was shown, and adverse events were mild and transient. Conclusion. MLC601 showed better motor recovery than placebo and was safe on top of standard ischemic stroke medications especially in the severe and moderate cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Harandi
- Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran
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Nourian A, Amiri M, Ataeian A, Hanilo A, Mousavinasab N. Seropervalence Toxocariasis in Children Aged 2–15 Referring to the Hospitals and Medical Centers in Zanjan, Iran During the Year 2007. Int J Infect Dis 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.05.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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