1
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Sivaram AJ, Wardiana A, Preethi SSH, Fuchs AV, Howard CB, Fletcher NL, Bell CA, Thurecht KJ. Effect of Chain-End Chemistries on the Efficiency of Coupling Antibodies to Polymers Using Unnatural Amino Acids. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000294. [PMID: 32935886 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Novel conjugates that incorporate strategies for increasing the therapeutic payload, such as targeted polymeric delivery vehicles, have great potential in overcoming limitations of conventional antibody therapies that often exhibit immunogenicity and limited drug loading. Click chemistry has significantly expanded the toolbox of effective strategies for developing hybrid polymer-biomolecule conjugates, however, effective systems require orthogonality between the polymer and biomolecule chemistries to achieve efficient coupling. Here, three cycloaddition-based strategies for antibody conjugation to polymeric carriers are explored and show that a purely radical-based method for polymer synthesis and subsequent biomolecule attachment has a trade-off between coupling efficiency of the antibody and the ability to synthesize polymers with controlled chemical properties. It is shown that careful consideration of both coupling chemistries as well as the potential effect of how this modulates the chemical properties of the polymer nanocarrier should be considered during the development of such systems. The strategies described offer insight into improving conjugate development for therapeutic and theranostic applications. In this system, polymerization using conventional and established reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agents, followed by multiple post-modification steps, always leads to systems with more defined chemical architectures compared to strategies that utilize alkyne-functional RAFT agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal J Sivaram
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Centre for Advanced Imaging, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Andri Wardiana
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Centre for Advanced Imaging, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - S S Hema Preethi
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Centre for Advanced Imaging, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Adrian V Fuchs
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Centre for Advanced Imaging, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Christopher B Howard
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Centre for Advanced Imaging, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Nicholas L Fletcher
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Centre for Advanced Imaging, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Craig A Bell
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Centre for Advanced Imaging, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Kristofer J Thurecht
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Centre for Advanced Imaging, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
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2
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Houston Z, Bunt J, Chen KS, Puttick S, Howard CB, Fletcher NL, Fuchs AV, Cui J, Ju Y, Cowin G, Song X, Boyd AW, Mahler SM, Richards LJ, Caruso F, Thurecht KJ. Understanding the Uptake of Nanomedicines at Different Stages of Brain Cancer Using a Modular Nanocarrier Platform and Precision Bispecific Antibodies. ACS Cent Sci 2020; 6:727-738. [PMID: 32490189 PMCID: PMC7256936 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b01299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Increasing accumulation and retention of nanomedicines within tumor tissue is a significant challenge, particularly in the case of brain tumors where access to the tumor through the vasculature is restricted by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This makes the application of nanomedicines in neuro-oncology often considered unfeasible, with efficacy limited to regions of significant disease progression and compromised BBB. However, little is understood about how the evolving tumor-brain physiology during disease progression affects the permeability and retention of designer nanomedicines. We report here the development of a modular nanomedicine platform that, when used in conjunction with a unique model of how tumorigenesis affects BBB integrity, allows investigation of how nanomaterial properties affect uptake and retention in brain tissue. By combining different in vivo longitudinal imaging techniques (including positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging), we have evaluated the retention of nanomedicines with predefined physicochemical properties (size and surface functionality) and established a relationship between structure and tissue accumulation as a function of a new parameter that measures BBB leakiness; this offers significant advancements in our ability to relate tumor accumulation of nanomedicines to more physiologically relevant parameters. Our data show that accumulation of nanomedicines in brain tumor tissue is better correlated with the leakiness of the BBB than actual tumor volume. This was evaluated by establishing brain tumors using a spontaneous and endogenously derived glioblastoma model providing a unique opportunity to assess these parameters individually and compare the results across multiple mice. We also quantitatively demonstrate that smaller nanomedicines (20 nm) can indeed cross the BBB and accumulate in tumors at earlier stages of the disease than larger analogues, therefore opening the possibility of developing patient-specific nanoparticle treatment interventions in earlier stages of the disease. Importantly, these results provide a more predictive approach for designing efficacious personalized nanomedicines based on a particular patient's condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary
H. Houston
- Centre
for Advanced Imaging, The University of
Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jens Bunt
- Queensland
Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Kok-Siong Chen
- Queensland
Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Brigham
and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical
School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Simon Puttick
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Commonwealth
Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Probing Biosystems
Future Science Platform, Royal Brisbane
and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | - Christopher B. Howard
- Centre
for Advanced Imaging, The University of
Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Training
Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical
Innovation The University
of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Nicholas L. Fletcher
- Centre
for Advanced Imaging, The University of
Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Adrian V. Fuchs
- Centre
for Advanced Imaging, The University of
Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jiwei Cui
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The University
of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Key
Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Yi Ju
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The University
of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Gary Cowin
- Centre
for Advanced Imaging, The University of
Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Xin Song
- Centre
for Advanced Imaging, The University of
Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew W. Boyd
- Leukaemia
Foundation Laboratory, QIMR-Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
- Department
of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Stephen M. Mahler
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical
Innovation The University
of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Linda J. Richards
- Queensland
Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- The
School of Biomedical Sciences, The University
of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Frank Caruso
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The University
of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Kristofer J. Thurecht
- Centre
for Advanced Imaging, The University of
Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Training
Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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3
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Ediriweera GR, Simpson JD, Fuchs AV, Venkatachalam TK, Van De Walle M, Howard CB, Mahler SM, Blinco JP, Fletcher NL, Houston ZH, Bell CA, Thurecht KJ. Targeted and modular architectural polymers employing bioorthogonal chemistry for quantitative therapeutic delivery. Chem Sci 2020; 11:3268-3280. [PMID: 34122834 PMCID: PMC8157365 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00078g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
There remain several key challenges to existing therapeutic systems for cancer therapy, such as quantitatively determining the true, tissue-specific drug release profile in vivo, as well as reducing side-effects for an increased standard of care. Hence, it is crucial to engineer new materials that allow for a better understanding of the in vivo pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic behaviours of therapeutics. We have expanded on recent “click-to-release” bioorthogonal pro-drug activation of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) to develop a modular and controlled theranostic system for quantitatively assessing site-specific drug activation and deposition from a nanocarrier molecule, by employing defined chemistries. The exploitation of quantitative imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) together with pre-targeted bioorthogonal chemistries in our system provided an effective means to assess in real-time the exact amount of active drug administered at precise sites in the animal; our methodology introduces flexibility in both the targeting and therapeutic components that is specific to nanomedicines and offers unique advantages over other technologies. In this approach, the in vivo click reaction facilitates pro-drug activation as well as provides a quantitative means to investigate the dynamic behaviour of the therapeutic agent. There remain several key challenges to existing therapeutic systems for cancer therapy, such as quantitatively determining the true, tissue-specific drug release profile in vivo, as well as reducing side-effects for an increased standard of care.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri R Ediriweera
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia .,Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Joshua D Simpson
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia .,Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Adrian V Fuchs
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia .,Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Taracad K Venkatachalam
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia .,Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Matthias Van De Walle
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology 2 George St Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia
| | - Christopher B Howard
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia.,ARC Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Stephen M Mahler
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia.,ARC Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - James P Blinco
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology 2 George St Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia
| | - Nicholas L Fletcher
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia .,Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Zachary H Houston
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia .,Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Craig A Bell
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia .,Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Kristofer J Thurecht
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia .,Australian Institute for Bioengineering & Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
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4
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Akhter DT, Simpson JD, Fletcher NL, Houston ZH, Fuchs AV, Bell CA, Thurecht KJ. Oral Delivery of Multicompartment Nanomedicines for Colorectal Cancer Therapeutics: Combining Loco‐Regional Delivery with Cell‐Target Specificity. Adv Therap 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201900171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dewan T. Akhter
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Joshua D. Simpson
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Nicholas L. Fletcher
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Zachary H. Houston
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Adrian V. Fuchs
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Craig A. Bell
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Kristofer J. Thurecht
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio‐Nano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
- ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
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5
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Chen L, Simpson JD, Fuchs AV, Rolfe BE, Thurecht KJ. Effects of Surface Charge of Hyperbranched Polymers on Cytotoxicity, Dynamic Cellular Uptake and Localization, Hemotoxicity, and Pharmacokinetics in Mice. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:4485-4497. [PMID: 29116801 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanoscaled polymeric materials are increasingly being investigated as pharmaceutical products, drug/gene delivery vectors, or health-monitoring devices. Surface charge is one of the dominant parameters that regulates nanomaterial behavior in vivo. In this paper, we demonstrated how control over chemical synthesis allowed manipulation of nanoparticle surface charge, which in turn greatly influenced the in vivo behavior. Three methacrylate/methacrylamide-based monomers were used to synthesize well-defined hyperbranched polymers (HBP) by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Each HBP had a hydrodynamic diameter of approximately 5 nm as determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Incorporation of a fluorescent moiety within the polymeric nanoparticles allowed determination of how charge affected the in vivo pharmacokinetic behavior of the nanomaterials and the biological response to them. A direct correlation between surface charge, cellular uptake, and cytotoxicity was observed, with cationic HBPs exhibiting higher cellular uptake and cytotoxicity than their neutral and anionic counterparts. Evaluation of the distribution of the differently charged HBPs within macrophages showed that all HBPs accumulated in the cytoplasm, but cationic HBPs also trafficked to, and accumulated within, the nucleus. Although cationic HBPs caused slight hemolysis, this was generally below accepted levels for in vivo safety. Analysis of pharmacokinetic behavior showed that cationic and anionic HBPs had short blood half-lives of 1.82 ± 0.51 and 2.34 ± 0.93 h respectively, compared with 5.99 ± 2.30 h for neutral HBPs. This was attributed to the fact that positively charged surfaces are more readily covered with opsonin proteins and thus more visible to phagocytic cells. This was supported by in vitro flow cytometric and qualitative live cell imaging studies, which showed that cationic HBPs tended to be taken up by macrophages more effectively and rapidly than neutral and anionic particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu Chen
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology, Canberra Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Joshua D Simpson
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology, Canberra Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Adrian V Fuchs
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology, Canberra Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | | | - Kristofer J Thurecht
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology, Canberra Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
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6
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Zhao Y, Houston ZH, Simpson JD, Chen L, Fletcher NL, Fuchs AV, Blakey I, Thurecht KJ. Using Peptide Aptamer Targeted Polymers as a Model Nanomedicine for Investigating Drug Distribution in Cancer Nanotheranostics. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:3539-3549. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Zhao
- Centre for Advanced Imaging,
Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, and ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Zachary H. Houston
- Centre for Advanced Imaging,
Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, and ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Joshua D. Simpson
- Centre for Advanced Imaging,
Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, and ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Liyu Chen
- Centre for Advanced Imaging,
Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, and ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Nicholas L. Fletcher
- Centre for Advanced Imaging,
Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, and ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Adrian V. Fuchs
- Centre for Advanced Imaging,
Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, and ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Idriss Blakey
- Centre for Advanced Imaging,
Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, and ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Kristofer J. Thurecht
- Centre for Advanced Imaging,
Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, and ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
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7
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Abstract
The hydrolytic degradation of widely used cyano-containing, acid-bearing trithiocarbonate reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) agents has been identified and shown to effect the RAFT polymerization and end-group fidelity of PMMA polymers. The hydrolysis occurred when the RAFT agents were stored under the recommended conditions. Degradation was identified in both commercially available and popular synthetic RAFT agents. 1H and 13C NMR as well as mass spectroscopy show that the cyano functionality hydrolyzes to the amide adduct. Doping of this amide degradation product into RAFT polymerizations of MMA results in increased dispersities and changes in expected end-group fidelities. The ability to identify this degradation product and remove it from the RAFT agent before use will allow better control over polymer properties and postmodification processes commonly used in complex polymer systems, nanomedicines, and bioconjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian V. Fuchs
- Australian
Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and Centre for Advanced
Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kristofer J. Thurecht
- Australian
Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and Centre for Advanced
Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash University, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
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8
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Howard CB, Fletcher N, Houston ZH, Fuchs AV, Boase NRB, Simpson JD, Raftery LJ, Ruder T, Jones ML, de Bakker CJ, Mahler SM, Thurecht KJ. Targeted Nanomaterials: Overcoming Instability of Antibody-Nanomaterial Conjugates: Next Generation Targeted Nanomedicines Using Bispecific Antibodies (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 16/2016). Adv Healthc Mater 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201670084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B. Howard
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN); Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI); School of Chemical Engineering; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology; The University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Nicholas Fletcher
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN); Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI); School of Chemical Engineering; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology; The University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Zachary H. Houston
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN); Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI); School of Chemical Engineering; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology; The University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Adrian V. Fuchs
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN); Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI); School of Chemical Engineering; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology; The University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Nathan R. B. Boase
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN); Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI); School of Chemical Engineering; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology; The University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Joshua D. Simpson
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN); Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI); School of Chemical Engineering; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology; The University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Lyndon J. Raftery
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN); Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI); School of Chemical Engineering; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology; The University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Tim Ruder
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN); Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI); School of Chemical Engineering; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology; The University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Martina L. Jones
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN); Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI); School of Chemical Engineering; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology; The University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Christopher J. de Bakker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN); Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI); School of Chemical Engineering; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology; The University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Stephen M. Mahler
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN); Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI); School of Chemical Engineering; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology; The University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Kristofer J. Thurecht
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN); Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI); School of Chemical Engineering; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology; The University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
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9
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Howard CB, Fletcher N, Houston ZH, Fuchs AV, Boase NRB, Simpson JD, Raftery LJ, Ruder T, Jones ML, de Bakker CJ, Mahler SM, Thurecht KJ. Overcoming Instability of Antibody-Nanomaterial Conjugates: Next Generation Targeted Nanomedicines Using Bispecific Antibodies. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:2055-68. [PMID: 27283923 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Targeted nanomaterials promise improved therapeutic efficacy, however their application in nanomedicine is limited due to complexities associated with protein conjugations to synthetic nanocarriers. A facile method to generate actively targeted nanomaterials is developed and exemplified using polyethylene glycol (PEG)-functional nanostructures coupled to a bispecific antibody (BsAb) with dual specificity for methoxy PEG (mPEG) epitopes and cancer targets such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The EGFR-mPEG BsAb binds with high affinity to recombinant EGFR (KD : 1 × 10(-9) m) and hyperbranched polymer (HBP) consisting of mPEG (KD : 10 × 10(-9) m) and demonstrates higher avidity for HBP compared to linear mPEG. The binding of BsAb-HBP bioconjugate to EGFR on MDA-MB-468 cancer cells is investigated in vitro using a fluorescently labeled polymer, and in in vivo xenograft models by small animal optical imaging. The antibody-targeted nanostructures show improved accumulation in tumor cells compared to non-targeted nanomaterials. This demonstrates a facile approach for tuning targeting ligand density on nanomaterials, by modulating surface functionality. Antibody fragments are tethered to the nanomaterial through simple mixing prior to administration to animals, overcoming the extensive procedures encountered for developing targeted nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B. Howard
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Nicholas Fletcher
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Zachary H. Houston
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Adrian V. Fuchs
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Nathan R. B. Boase
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Joshua D. Simpson
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Lyndon J. Raftery
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Tim Ruder
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Martina L. Jones
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Christopher J. de Bakker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Stephen M. Mahler
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Kristofer J. Thurecht
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) Centre for Advanced Imaging (CAI) School of Chemical Engineering ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
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Pearce AK, Fuchs AV, Fletcher NL, Thurecht KJ. Targeting Nanomedicines to Prostate Cancer: Evaluation of Specificity of Ligands to Two Different Receptors In Vivo. Pharm Res 2016; 33:2388-99. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-016-1945-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Fuchs AV, Tse BW, Pearce AK, Yeh MC, Fletcher NL, Huang SS, Heston WD, Whittaker AK, Russell PJ, Thurecht KJ. Evaluation of Polymeric Nanomedicines Targeted to PSMA: Effect of Ligand on Targeting Efficiency. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:3235-47. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian W.C. Tse
- Australian
Prostate Cancer Research Centre − Queensland, Institute of
Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology at Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Australia
| | | | - Mei-Chun Yeh
- Australian
Prostate Cancer Research Centre − Queensland, Institute of
Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology at Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Australia
| | | | - Steve S. Huang
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, United States
| | - Warren D. Heston
- Department
of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, United States
| | | | - Pamela J. Russell
- Australian
Prostate Cancer Research Centre − Queensland, Institute of
Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology at Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4102, Australia
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Baio JE, Schach D, Fuchs AV, Schmüser L, Billecke N, Bubeck C, Landfester K, Bonn M, Bruns M, Weiss CK, Weidner T. Reversible activation of pH-sensitive cell penetrating peptides attached to gold surfaces. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:273-275. [PMID: 25329926 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc07278b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
pH-sensitive viral fusion protein mimics are widely touted as a promising route towards site-specific delivery of therapeutic compounds across lipid membranes. Here, we demonstrate that a fusion protein mimic, designed to achieve a reversible, pH-driven helix-coil transition mechanism, retains its functionality when covalently bound to a surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe E Baio
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55270 Mainz, Germany
| | - Denise Schach
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55270 Mainz, Germany
| | - Adrian V Fuchs
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55270 Mainz, Germany
| | - Lars Schmüser
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55270 Mainz, Germany
| | - Nils Billecke
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55270 Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55270 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Bruns
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Applied Materials and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Clemens K Weiss
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55270 Mainz, Germany.,University of Applies Sciences Bingen, 55411 Bingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Weidner
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55270 Mainz, Germany
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Ma Y, Fuchs AV, Boase NRB, Rolfe BE, Coombes AGA, Thurecht KJ. The in vivo fate of nanoparticles and nanoparticle-loaded microcapsules after oral administration in mice: Evaluation of their potential for colon-specific delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 94:393-403. [PMID: 26117186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Anti-cancer drug loaded-nanoparticles (NPs) or encapsulation of NPs in colon-targeted delivery systems shows potential for increasing the local drug concentration in the colon leading to improved treatment of colorectal cancer. To investigate the potential of the NP-based strategies for colon-specific delivery, two formulations, free Eudragit® NPs and enteric-coated NP-loaded chitosan-hypromellose microcapsules (MCs) were fluorescently-labelled and their tissue distribution in mice after oral administration was monitored by multispectral small animal imaging. The free NPs showed a shorter transit time throughout the mouse digestive tract than the MCs, with extensive excretion of NPs in faeces at 5h. Conversely, the MCs showed complete NP release in the lower region of the mouse small intestine at 8h post-administration. Overall, the encapsulation of NPs in MCs resulted in a higher colonic NP intensity from 8h to 24h post-administration compared to the free NPs, due to a NP 'guarding' effect of MCs during their transit along mouse gastrointestinal tract which decreased NP excretion in faeces. These imaging data revealed that this widely-utilised colon-targeting MC formulation lacked site-precision for releasing its NP load in the colon, but the increased residence time of the NPs in the lower gastrointestinal tract suggests that it is still useful for localised release of chemotherapeutics, compared to NP administration alone. In addition, both formulations resided in the stomach of mice at considerable concentrations over 24h. Thus, adhesion of NP- or MC-based oral delivery systems to gastric mucosa may be problematic for colon-specific delivery of the cargo to the colon and should be carefully investigated for a full evaluation of particulate delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Ma
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Adrian V Fuchs
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nathan R B Boase
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Barbara E Rolfe
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Allan G A Coombes
- The International Medical University, School of Pharmacy, No. 126 Jalan Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kristofer J Thurecht
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent BioNano Science and Technology, Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian V. Fuchs
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and Centre for Advanced Imaging; University of Queensland; Brisbane 4072 Australia
| | - Kristofer J. Thurecht
- Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology and Centre for Advanced Imaging; University of Queensland; Brisbane 4072 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology; Brisbane 4072 Australia
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Abstract
This review describes how the highly tuneable size, shape and chemical functionality of polymeric molecular imaging agents provides a means to intimately probe the various mechanisms behind disease formation and behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian V. Fuchs
- Centre for Advanced Imaging and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- The University of Queensland
- St Lucia
- Australia
| | - Anna C. Gemmell
- Centre for Advanced Imaging and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- The University of Queensland
- St Lucia
- Australia
| | - Kristofer J. Thurecht
- Centre for Advanced Imaging and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- The University of Queensland
- St Lucia
- Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Bio-Nano Science and Technology
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16
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Pearce AK, Rolfe BE, Russell PJ, Tse BWC, Whittaker AK, Fuchs AV, Thurecht KJ. Development of a polymer theranostic for prostate cancer. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00999a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Fuchs AV, Kotman N, Andrieu J, Mailänder V, Weiss CK, Landfester K. Enzyme cleavable nanoparticles from peptide based triblock copolymers. Nanoscale 2013; 5:4829-4839. [PMID: 23612962 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr00706e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A solid-phase synthesis based approach towards protease cleavable polystyrene-peptide-polystyrene triblock copolymers and their formulation to nanoparticulate systems is presented. These nanoparticles are suitable for the optical detection of an enzyme and have the potential for application as a drug delivery system. Two different peptide sequences, one cleaved by trypsin (GFF), the other by hepsin (RQLRVVGG), a protease overexpressed in early stages of prostate cancer, are used as the central part of the triblock. For optical detection a fluorophore-quencher pair is introduced around the cleavage sequence. The solid phase synthesis is conduced such that two identical sequences are synthesized from one branching point. Eventually, carboxy-terminated polystyrene is introduced into the peptide synthesizer and coupled to the amino-termini of the branched sequence. Upon cleavage, a fragment is released from the triblock copolymer, which has the potential for use in drug delivery applications. Conducting the whole synthesis on a solid phase in the peptide synthesizer avoids solubility issues and post-synthetic purification steps. Due to the hydrophobic PS-chains, the copolymer can easily be formulated to form nanoparticles using a nanoprecipitation process. Incubation of the nanoparticles with the respective enzymes leads to a significant increase of the fluorescence from the incorporated fluorophore, thereby indicating cleavage of the peptide sequence and decomposition of the particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian V Fuchs
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Fuchs AV, Ritz S, Pütz S, Mailänder V, Landfester K, Ziener U. Bioinspired phosphorylcholine containing polymer films with silver nanoparticles combining antifouling and antibacterial properties. Biomater Sci 2013; 1:470-477. [DOI: 10.1039/c2bm00155a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Fuchs AV, Walter C, Landfester K, Ziener U. Biomimetic silver-containing colloids of poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) and their film-formation properties. Langmuir 2012; 28:4974-4983. [PMID: 22404147 DOI: 10.1021/la204673z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of stable dispersions of hybrid colloids comprising copolymers of biocompatible 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and zwitterionic, biomimetic 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) incorporating antibacterial AgBF(4) by inverse miniemulsion is described. The prepared hybrid colloids were designed to provide both antibacterial and antifouling properties for the formation of interesting, multifunctional films. The obtained particles had sizes in the range of 130-160 nm with two different weight ratios of MPC to HEMA (1:10 and 2:5) and AgBF(4) contents between 0% and 15%. The silver salt takes on the role of the lipophobe in stabilizing the miniemulsion droplets against Ostwald ripening and is reduced after polymerization to Ag nanoparticles by gaseous hydrazine. Subsequently, the hybrid particles are transformed into smooth and stable films with thicknesses between 145 and 225 nm by simple drop casting and solvent annealing. The dispersions and films were thoroughly characterized by DLS, TEM, SEM, EDX, TGA, UV-vis spectroscopy, ICP-OES, XRD, AFM, and contact angle measurements. After immersion into water, the films did not show detectable leakage of silver, so they could be employed as dual-functional antifouling and antibacterial coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian V Fuchs
- Institute of Organic Chemistry III-Macromolecular Chemistry and Organic Materials, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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Takami T, Arnold DP, Fuchs AV, Will GD, Goh R, Waclawik ER, Bell JM, Weiss PS, Sugiura KI, Liu W, Jiang J. Two-Dimensional Crystal Growth and Stacking of Bis(phthalocyaninato) Rare Earth Sandwich Complexes at the 1-Phenyloctane/Graphite Interface. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:1661-4. [PMID: 16471730 DOI: 10.1021/jp054739c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Initial stages of two-dimensional crystal growth of the double-decker sandwich complex Lu(Pc*)2 [Pc* = 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octakis(octyloxy)phthalocyaninato] have been studied by scanning tunneling microscopy at the liquid/solid interface between 1-phenyloctane and highly oriented pyrolytic graphite. High-resolution images strongly suggest alignment of the double-decker molecules into monolayers with the phthalocyanine rings parallel to the surface. Domains were observed with either hexagonal or quadrate packing motifs, and the growing interface of the layer was imaged. Molecular resolution was achieved, and the face of the phthalocyanine rings appeared as somewhat diffuse circular features. The alkyl chains are proposed to be interdigitating to maintain planar side-by-side packing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohide Takami
- Visionarts Research, Inc., 5-3-22-A301 Minami-Aoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107-0062, Japan.
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Fuchs AV, Wolf E, Scheider A, Jäger H, Kampik A. [Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS. Gancilovir implantation in comparison with systemic therapy]. Ophthalmologe 1999; 96:11-5. [PMID: 10067328 DOI: 10.1007/s003470050368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Untreated CMV retinitis with AIDS leads to blindness; therefore, a life-long virostatic treatment is required. It can either be administered systemically or locally, as there are different advantages and disadvantages. When treating patients we aim at therapy that preserves vision without diminishing quality of life. It should induce as few drug-induced side effects as possible and not shorten the patient's life expectation. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 111 patients (150 eyes) with systemic maintenance treatment were compared retrospectively with 33 patients (62 eyes) that received a ganciclovir implant only as maintainance therapy and no additional systemic treatment. Patients with an implant showed a prolonged interval of nonprogression of retinitis than patients receiving systemic treatment. Patients with unilateral retinitis are at higher risk of developing bilateral disease in the implant group than in the systemically treated group. Manifestation of extraocular disease was equal in both groups. Local treatment with the implant does not shorten patient survival time. CONCLUSION Local treatment with the ganciclovir implant means quality of life for patients and also safe protection of the affected eye. Extraocular disease and survival time are not influenced adversely by local treatment. However, primarily unilateral involved patients show higher risk for bilateral disease in the implant group than in the systemically treated group.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Fuchs
- Augenklinik, Klinikum Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
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Fuchs AV, Scheider A, Klauss V, Kampik A. Local therapy of CMV retinitis: a new therapeutical approach. Dev Ophthalmol 1997; 29:64-8. [PMID: 9413696 DOI: 10.1159/000060729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A V Fuchs
- Eye Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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Fuchs AV, Schneider A, Schweykart N, Klauss V, Kampik A. [Local therapy in treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS. The ganciclovir implant (pellet)]. Ophthalmologe 1997; 94:719-23. [PMID: 9432240 DOI: 10.1007/s003470050192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis with AIDS has been treated either systemically or locally by weekly intravitreous injections. An intraocular device now offers a new therapeutic approach. We investigated its efficacy in preventing progression of CMV retinitis without additional systemic therapy. Conversely, we also studied the risks and disadvantages of this method of drug administration. PATIENTS AND METHODS In our study 46 devices were implanted in 28 patients. All patients were pretreated with systemic medication. Systemic treatment was stopped on the day of surgery. RESULTS Severe perioperative complications occurred in one patient, who developed retinal detachment after surgery. Most patients showed no relapse of retinitis with the implant, though they did not receive systemic treatment for 8.1 months on average. Only 20% of our patients presented with extraocular CMV disease. Thirty-five percent (n = 17) of patients with unilateral retinitis developed CMV retinitis in the primary uninvolved fellow eye. After implantation of a device into this eye also progression could be stopped without additional systemic treatment. Two patients showed progression of retinitis due to an empty ganciclovir reservoir. A second device was implanted without removal of the first. CONCLUSIONS The intraocular ganciclovir device appears to be an effective treatment for CMV retinitis with few disadvantages. Time to progression of retinitis tends to be prolonged compared to systemic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Fuchs
- Augenklinik, Klinikum Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
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