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Łukasiak A, Skup A, Chlopicki S, Łomnicka M, Kaczara P, Proniewski B, Szewczyk A, Wrzosek A. SERCA, complex I of the respiratory chain and ATP-synthase inhibition are involved in pleiotropic effects of NS1619 on endothelial cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 786:137-147. [PMID: 27262382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A large conductance potassium (BKCa) channel opener, NS1619 (1,3-dihydro-1- [2-hydroxy-5-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2H-benzimidazole-2-one), is well known for its protective effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury; however, the exact mode of its action remains unclear. The aim of this study was to characterize the effect of NS1619 on endothelial cells. The endothelial cell line EA.hy926, guinea pig hearts and submitochondrial particles isolated from the heart were used. In the isolated guinea pig hearts, which were perfused using the Langendorff technique, NS1619 caused a dose-dependent increase in coronary flow that was inhibited by L-NAME. In EA.hy926 cells, NS1619 also caused a dose-dependent increase in the intracellular calcium ion concentration [Ca(2+)]i, as measured using the FURA-2 fluorescent probe. Moreover, NS1619 decreased the oxygen consumption rate in EA.hy926 cells, as assessed using a Clark-type oxygen electrode. However, when NS1619 was applied in the presence of oligomycin, the oxygen consumption increased. NS1619 also decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential, as measured using a JC-1 fluorescent probe in the presence and absence of oligomycin. Additionally, the application of NS1619 to submitochondrial particles inhibited ATP synthase. In summary, NS1619 has pleiotropic actions on EA.hy926 cells and acts not only as an opener of the BKCa channel in EA.hy926 cells but also as an inhibitor of the respiratory chain component, sarcoplasmic reticulum ATPase, which leads to the release of Ca(2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum. Furthermore, NS1619 has the oligomycin-like property of inhibiting mitochondrial ATP synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Łukasiak
- Department of Biophysics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agata Skup
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteura St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego St., 30-348 Krakow, Poland; Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka, 31-531 Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Łomnicka
- Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, 16 Grzegorzecka, 31-531 Krakow, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kaczara
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego St., 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Bartosz Proniewski
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, 14 Bobrzynskiego St., 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Adam Szewczyk
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteura St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Antoni Wrzosek
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteura St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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Szewczyk A, Jarmuszkiewicz W, Koziel A, Sobieraj I, Nobik W, Lukasiak A, Skup A, Bednarczyk P, Drabarek B, Dymkowska D, Wrzosek A, Zablocki K. Mitochondrial mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction. Pharmacol Rep 2015; 67:704-10. [PMID: 26321271 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells play an important physiological role in vascular homeostasis. They are also the first barrier that separates blood from deeper layers of blood vessels and extravascular tissues. Thus, they are exposed to various physiological blood components as well as challenged by pathological stimuli, which may exert harmful effects on the vascular system by stimulation of excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The major sources of ROS are NADPH oxidase and mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes. Modulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism in endothelial cells is thought to be a promising target for therapy in various cardiovascular diseases. Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is a regulator of mitochondrial ROS generation and can antagonise oxidative stress-induced endothelial dysfunction. Several studies have revealed the important role of UCP2 in hyperglycaemia-induced modifications of mitochondrial function in endothelial cells. Additionally, potassium fluxes through the inner mitochondrial membrane, which are involved in ROS synthesis, affect the mitochondrial volume and change both the mitochondrial membrane potential and the transport of calcium into the mitochondria. In this review, we concentrate on the mitochondrial role in the cytoprotection phenomena of endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Szewczyk
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warszawa, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Koziel
- Department of Bioenergetics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Izabela Sobieraj
- Department of Bioenergetics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Wioletta Nobik
- Department of Bioenergetics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Lukasiak
- Department of Biophysics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Agata Skup
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Piotr Bednarczyk
- Department of Biophysics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Beata Drabarek
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Dorota Dymkowska
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Antoni Wrzosek
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Zablocki
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warszawa, Poland
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