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Kouao DS, Grochowska K, Stranak V, Sezemsky P, Gumieniak J, Kramek A, Karczewski J, Coy E, Hanus J, Kylian O, Sawczak M, Siuzdak K. Laser-Treated MXene as an Electrochemical Agent to Boost Properties of Semitransparent Photoelectrode Based on Titania Nanotubes. ACS Nano 2024; 18:10165-10183. [PMID: 38533789 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
In this study, Ti3C2Tx underwent laser treatment to reshape it, resulting in the formation of a TiO2/Ti3C2Tx heterojunction. The interaction with laser light induced the formation of spherical TiO2 composed of an anatase-rutile phase on the Ti3C2Tx surface. Such a heterostructure was loaded over a titania nanotube (TNT) layer, and the surface area was enhanced through immersion in a TiCl4 solution followed by thermal treatment. Consequently, the photon-to-electron conversion efficiency exhibits a 10-fold increase as compared to bare TNT. Moreover, for the sample produced with optimized conditions, five times higher photoactivity is observed in comparison to bare TNT. It was shown that under visible light irradiation the most photoactive heterojunction based on the tubular layer reveals a substantial drop in the charge transfer resistance of about 32% with respect to the dark condition. This can be attributed to the narrower band gaps of the modified material and improvement of the separation efficiency of the photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Overall results suggest that this investigation underscores TiO2/Ti3C2Tx as a promising noble-metal-free material that enhances both the electrochemical and photoelectrochemical performances of electrode materials based on TNT that can be further used in light-harvesting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dujearic-Stephane Kouao
- Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 St., 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Grochowska
- Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 St., 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Vitezslav Stranak
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 37005 České Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Sezemsky
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 37005 České Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Justyna Gumieniak
- The Faculty of Mechanics and Technology, Rzeszów University of Technology, Kwiatkowskiego 4 St., 37-450 Stalowa Wola, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kramek
- The Faculty of Mechanics and Technology, Rzeszów University of Technology, Kwiatkowskiego 4 St., 37-450 Stalowa Wola, Poland
| | - Jakub Karczewski
- Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12 St., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Emerson Coy
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3 St., 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jan Hanus
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Holesovickach 2, 180 00 Praha 8, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Kylian
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Holesovickach 2, 180 00 Praha 8, Czech Republic
| | - Mirosław Sawczak
- Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 St., 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Siuzdak
- Centre for Plasma and Laser Engineering, Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery, Polish Academy of Sciences, Fiszera 14 St., 80-231 Gdańsk, Poland
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Florczak Ł, Kościelniak B, Kramek A, Sobkowiak A. The Influence of Potassium Hexafluorophosphate on the Morphology and Anticorrosive Properties of Conversion Coatings Formed on the AM50 Magnesium Alloy by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:7573. [PMID: 38138715 PMCID: PMC10744744 DOI: 10.3390/ma16247573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, conversion coatings were produced on the AM50 magnesium alloy by a plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process in alkaline-silicate electrolyte with the addition of potassium hexafluorophosphate, using a unipolar pulse power source. The coating microstructure and its composition were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The corrosion resistance of the conversion coatings was evaluated by means of potentiodynamic polarization tests (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in a dilute Harrison solution (DHS). It has been found that the properties (microstructure, composition, and coating thickness) of the obtained layer and, therefore, their anticorrosive resistance strongly depend on the electrolyte composition. The best anticorrosive properties were observed in the layers obtained in the presence of 2.5 g/L KPF6. It was found that the conversion coating produced with the addition of hexafluorophosphate is characterized by a different morphology (sponge-like) and better anticorrosion properties, in comparison to the coating obtained with the addition of fluoride and orthophosphate salts commonly used in PEO synthesis. The sponge-like structure, which is similar to bone structure in combination with the presence of phosphates in the layer, can increase the biocompatibility and the possibility of self-healing of this coating. However, neither Mg(PF6)2, nor any other compounds containing PF6-, have been found in the layers produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Florczak
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Barbara Kościelniak
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Kramek
- Department of Component Manufacturing and Production Organization, Faculty of Mechanics and Technology, Rzeszow University of Technology, 37-450 Stalowa Wola, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Sobkowiak
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
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Gubernat S, Masłoń A, Czarnota J, Koszelnik P, Chutkowski M, Tupaj M, Gumieniak J, Kramek A, Galek T. Removal of Phosphorus with the Use of Marl and Travertine and Their Thermally Modified Forms-Factors Affecting the Sorption Capacity of Materials and the Kinetics of the Sorption Process. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:1225. [PMID: 36770230 PMCID: PMC9920275 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents new reactive materials, namely marl and travertine, and their thermal modifications and the Polonite® material, analyzing their phosphorus removal from water and wastewater by sorption. Based on the experimental data, an analysis of the factors influencing the sorption capacity of the materials, such as the material dose, pH of the initial solution, process temperature, surface structure, and morphology, was performed. Adsorption isotherms and maximum sorption capacities were determined with the use of the Langmuir, Freundlich, Langmuir-Freundlich, Tóth, Radke-Praunitz, and Marczewski-Jaroniec models. The kinetics of the phosphorus sorption process of the tested materials were described using reversible and irreversible pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, and mixed models. The natural materials were the most sensitive to changes in the process conditions, such as temperature and pH. The thermal treatment process stabilizes the marl and travertine towards materials with a more homogeneous surface in terms of energy and structure. The fitted models of the adsorption isotherms and kinetic models allowed for an indication of a possible phosphorus-binding mechanism, as well as the maximum amount of this element that can be retained on the materials' surface under given conditions-raw marl (43.89 mg P/g), raw travertine (140.48 mg P/g), heated marl (80.44 mg P/g), heated travertine (282.34 mg P/g), and Polonite® (54.33 mg P/g).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Gubernat
- Doctoral School of Engineering and Technical Sciences at the Rzeszow University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy 12, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
- Inżynieria Rzeszów S.A., ul. Podkarpacka 59A, 35-082 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Adam Masłoń
- Department of Environmental and Chemistry Engineering, Rzeszow University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Joanna Czarnota
- Department of Environmental and Chemistry Engineering, Rzeszow University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Piotr Koszelnik
- Department of Environmental and Chemistry Engineering, Rzeszow University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Marcin Chutkowski
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Rzeszow University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Mirosław Tupaj
- Department of Component Manufacturing and Production Organization, Rzeszow University of Technology, ul. Kwiatkowskiego 4, 37-450 Stalowa Wola, Poland
| | - Justyna Gumieniak
- Department of Component Manufacturing and Production Organization, Rzeszow University of Technology, ul. Kwiatkowskiego 4, 37-450 Stalowa Wola, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kramek
- Department of Component Manufacturing and Production Organization, Rzeszow University of Technology, ul. Kwiatkowskiego 4, 37-450 Stalowa Wola, Poland
| | - Tomasz Galek
- Department of Integrated Design Systems and Tribology, Rzeszow University of Technology, ul. Kwiatkowskiego 4, 37-450 Stalowa Wola, Poland
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