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Martin L, Lopez K, Fritz S, Easterling CP, Krawchuck JA, Poerwoprajitno AR, Xu W. Determination of the optical interference of iron oxide nanoparticles in fluorometric cytotoxicity assays. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25378. [PMID: 38322934 PMCID: PMC10845919 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials are known to exhibit unique interactions with light. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), composed of magnetite (black iron oxide) specifically, are known to be highly absorptive throughout the visible portion of the spectrum. We sought to investigate and overcome optical interference of IONPs in colorimetric, fluorometric and luminescence assays by introducing additional controls and determining the concentration-dependent contribution to optical artifacts which could confound, skew, or invalidate results. We tested the in vitro cytotoxicity of ∼8 nm spherical magnetite nanoparticles capped with alginate on a human lung carcinoma (A549) cell line for different exposure periods and at various concentrations. We observed significant interference with both the MTT reagent and the absorption at 590 nm, a concentration-dependent reduction in the luminescence, fluorescence at ∼490 nm (viability marker), and fluorescence at 530 nm (cytotoxicity marker). After introducing an additional correction, we obtained more accurate results, including a clear decrease in viability at 12-h post-treatment, with apparent near complete recovery after 24-h in addition to a dose-independent, time-dependent alteration in the cell proliferation rate. A small increase in cytotoxicity was noted at the 24-h timepoint at the two highest concentrations. According to our results, the MTT reagents appear to interact substantially with IONPs at concentrations above 0.1 mg/mL, therefore, this assay is not recommended for IONP cytotoxicity assessment at higher concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leisha Martin
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Science, Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, 78412, USA
| | - Kimberly Lopez
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, College of Science, Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, 78412, USA
| | - Shayden Fritz
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Science, Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, 78412, USA
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, College of Science, Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, 78412, USA
| | - Charles P. Easterling
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA
| | - Jacob A. Krawchuck
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA
| | - Agus R. Poerwoprajitno
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Science, Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, 78412, USA
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2
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Gloag L, Poerwoprajitno AR, Cheong S, Ramadhan ZR, Adschiri T, Gooding JJ, Tilley RD. Synthesis of hierarchical metal nanostructures with high electrocatalytic surface areas. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadf6075. [PMID: 36630515 PMCID: PMC9833653 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf6075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
3D interconnected structures can be made with molecular precision or with micrometer size. However, there is no strategy to synthesize 3D structures with dimensions on the scale of tens of nanometers, where many unique properties exist. Here, we bridge this gap by building up nanosized gold cores and nickel branches that are directly connected to create hierarchical nanostructures. The key to this approach is combining cubic crystal-structured cores with hexagonal crystal-structured branches in multiple steps. The dimensions and 3D morphology can be controlled by tuning at each synthetic step. These materials have high surface area, high conductivity, and surfaces that can be chemically modified, which are properties that make them ideal electrocatalyst supports. We illustrate the effectiveness of the 3D nanostructures as electrocatalyst supports by coating with nickel-iron oxyhydroxide to achieve high activity and stability for oxygen evolution reaction. This work introduces a synthetic concept to produce a new type of high-performing electrocatalyst support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Gloag
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | | | - Soshan Cheong
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Zeno R. Ramadhan
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Tadafumi Adschiri
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Advanced Institute of Materials Research, WPI-AIMR, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - J. Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Richard D. Tilley
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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3
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Ramadhan ZR, Poerwoprajitno AR, Cheong S, Webster RF, Kumar PV, Cychy S, Gloag L, Benedetti TM, Marjo CE, Muhler M, Wang DW, Gooding JJ, Schuhmann W, Tilley RD. Introducing Stacking Faults into Three-Dimensional Branched Nickel Nanoparticles for Improved Catalytic Activity. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11094-11098. [PMID: 35713612 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Creating high surface area nanocatalysts that contain stacking faults is a promising strategy to improve catalytic activity. Stacking faults can tune the reactivity of the active sites, leading to improved catalytic performance. The formation of branched metal nanoparticles with control of the stacking fault density is synthetically challenging. In this work, we demonstrate that varying the branch width by altering the size of the seed that the branch grows off is an effective method to precisely tune the stacking fault density in branched Ni nanoparticles. A high density of stacking faults across the Ni branches was found to lower the energy barrier for Ni2+/Ni3+ oxidation and result in enhanced activity for electrocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxylmethylfurfural. These results show the ability to synthetically control the stacking fault density in branched nanoparticles as a basis for enhanced catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeno R Ramadhan
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | | | - Soshan Cheong
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Richard F Webster
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Priyank V Kumar
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Steffen Cychy
- Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Lucy Gloag
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Tania M Benedetti
- School of Environment and Science and Queensland Micro and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Christopher E Marjo
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Martin Muhler
- Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Da-Wei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Richard D Tilley
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.,Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.,Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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4
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Poerwoprajitno AR, Cheong S, Gloag L, Gooding JJ, Tilley RD. Synthetic Strategies to Enhance the Electrocatalytic Properties of Branched Metal Nanoparticles. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:1693-1702. [PMID: 35616935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusBranched metal nanoparticles have unique catalytic properties because of their high surface area with multiple branches arranged in an open 3D structure that can interact with reacting species and tailorable branch surfaces that can maximize the exposure of desired catalytically active crystal facets. These exceptional properties have led to the exploration of the roles of branch structural features ranging from the number and dimensions of branches at the larger scales to the atomic-scale arrangement of atoms on precise crystal facets. The fundamental significance of how larger-scale branch structural features and atomic-scale surface faceting influence and control the catalytic properties has been at the forefront of the design of branched nanoparticles for catalysis. Current synthetic advances have enabled the formation of branched nanoparticles with an unprecedented degree of control over structural features down to the atomic scale, which have unlocked opportunities to make improved nanoparticle catalysts. These catalysts have high surface areas with controlled size and surface facets for achieving exceedingly high activity and stability. The synthetic advancement has recently led to the use of branched nanoparticles as ideal substrates that can be decorated with a second active metal in the form of islands and single atoms. These decorated branched nanoparticles have new and highly effective catalytic active sites where both branch metal and decorating metal play essential roles during catalysis.In the opening half of this Account, we critically assess the important structural features of branched nanoparticles that control catalytic properties. We first discuss the role of branch dimensions and the number of branches that can improve the surface area but can also trap gas bubbles. We then investigate the atomic-scale structural features of exposed surface facets, which are critical for enhancing catalytic activity and stability. Well-defined branched nanoparticles have led to a fundamental understanding of how the branch structural features influence the catalytic activity and stability, which we highlight for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and biomass oxidation. In discussing recent breakthroughs for branched nanoparticles, we explore the opportunities created by decorated branched nanoparticles and the unique bifunctional active sites that are exposed on the branched nanoparticle surfaces. This class of catalysts is of rapidly growing importance for reactions including the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), where two exposed metals are required for efficient catalysis. In the second half of this Account, we explore recent advances in the synthesis of branched nanoparticles and highlight the cubic-core hexagonal-branch growth mechanism that has achieved excellent control of all of the important structural features, including branch dimensions, number of branches, and surface facets. We discuss the slow precursor reduction as an effective strategy for decorating metal islands with controlled loadings on the branched nanoparticle surfaces and the spread of these metal islands to form single-atom active sites. We envisage that the key synthetic and structural advances identified in this Account will guide the development of the next-generation electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lucy Gloag
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - J. Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Richard D. Tilley
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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5
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Poerwoprajitno AR, Gloag L, Watt J, Cheong S, Tan X, Lei H, Tahini HA, Henson A, Subhash B, Bedford NM, Miller BK, O’Mara PB, Benedetti TM, Huber DL, Zhang W, Smith SC, Gooding JJ, Schuhmann W, Tilley RD. A single-Pt-atom-on-Ru-nanoparticle electrocatalyst for CO-resilient methanol oxidation. Nat Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-022-00756-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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6
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Myekhlai M, Benedetti TM, Gloag L, Poerwoprajitno AR, Cheong S, Schuhmann W, Gooding JJ, Tilley RD. Controlling the Number of Branches and Surface Facets of Pd-Core Ru-Branched Nanoparticles to Make Highly Active Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalysts. Chemistry 2020; 26:15501-15504. [PMID: 32844508 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Producing stable but active materials is one of the enduring challenges in electrocatalysis and other types of catalysis. Producing branched nanoparticles is one potential solution. Controlling the number of branches and branch size of faceted branched nanoparticles is one of the major synthetic challenges to achieve highly active and stable nanocatalysts. Herein, we use a cubic-core hexagonal-branch mechanism to synthesize branched Ru nanoparticles with control over the size and number of branches. This structural control is the key to achieving high exposure of active {10-11} facets and optimum number of Ru branches that enables improved catalytic activity for oxygen evolution reaction while maintaining high stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munkhshur Myekhlai
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Tania M Benedetti
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Lucy Gloag
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | | | - Soshan Cheong
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry-Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, d-44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in, Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Richard D Tilley
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.,Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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7
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Poerwoprajitno AR, Gloag L, Watt J, Cychy S, Cheong S, Kumar PV, Benedetti TM, Deng C, Wu K, Marjo CE, Huber DL, Muhler M, Gooding JJ, Schuhmann W, Wang D, Tilley RD. Faceted Branched Nickel Nanoparticles with Tunable Branch Length for High-Activity Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Biomass. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:15487-15491. [PMID: 32449976 PMCID: PMC7497201 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the formation of nanosized branched nanoparticles with high uniformity is one of the major challenges in synthesizing nanocatalysts with improved activity and stability. Using a cubic-core hexagonal-branch mechanism to form highly monodisperse branched nanoparticles, we vary the length of the nickel branches. Lengthening the nickel branches, with their high coverage of active facets, is shown to improve activity for electrocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), as an example for biomass conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucy Gloag
- School of ChemistryThe University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - John Watt
- Center for Integrated NanotechnologiesLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87545USA
| | - Steffen Cychy
- Industrial ChemistryFaculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr University BochumUniversitätsstr. 15044780BochumGermany
| | - Soshan Cheong
- Mark Wainwright Analytical CentreThe University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Priyank V. Kumar
- School of Chemical EngineeringThe University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Tania M. Benedetti
- School of ChemistryThe University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Chen Deng
- School of Chemical EngineeringThe University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Kuang‐Hsu Wu
- School of Chemical EngineeringThe University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Christopher E. Marjo
- Mark Wainwright Analytical CentreThe University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Dale L. Huber
- Center for Integrated NanotechnologiesSandia National LaboratoriesAlbuquerqueNM87185USA
| | - Martin Muhler
- Industrial ChemistryFaculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr University BochumUniversitätsstr. 15044780BochumGermany
| | - J. Justin Gooding
- School of ChemistryThe University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicineThe University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry—Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES)Faculty of Chemistry and BiochemistryRuhr University BochumUniversitätsstr. 15044780BochumGermany
| | - Da‐Wei Wang
- School of Chemical EngineeringThe University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Richard D. Tilley
- School of ChemistryThe University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
- Mark Wainwright Analytical CentreThe University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicineThe University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
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8
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Poerwoprajitno AR, Gloag L, Watt J, Cychy S, Cheong S, Kumar PV, Benedetti TM, Deng C, Wu K, Marjo CE, Huber DL, Muhler M, Gooding JJ, Schuhmann W, Wang D, Tilley RD. Facettierte verzweigte Nickel‐Nanopartikel mit variierbarer Verzweigungslänge für die hochaktive elektrokatalytische Oxidation von Biomasse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucy Gloag
- School of Chemistry The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australien
| | - John Watt
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM 87545 USA
| | - Steffen Cychy
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44780 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Soshan Cheong
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australien
| | - Priyank V. Kumar
- School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australien
| | - Tania M. Benedetti
- School of Chemistry The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australien
| | - Chen Deng
- School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australien
| | - Kuang‐Hsu Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australien
| | - Christopher E. Marjo
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australien
| | - Dale L. Huber
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque NM 87185 USA
| | - Martin Muhler
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie, Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44780 Bochum Deutschland
| | - J. Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australien
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australien
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytische Chemie – Zentrum für Elektrochemie (CES) Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44780 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Da‐Wei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australien
| | - Richard D. Tilley
- School of Chemistry The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australien
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australien
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australien
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9
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Poerwoprajitno AR, Gloag L, Cheong S, Gooding JJ, Tilley RD. Synthesis of low- and high-index faceted metal (Pt, Pd, Ru, Ir, Rh) nanoparticles for improved activity and stability in electrocatalysis. Nanoscale 2019; 11:18995-19011. [PMID: 31403640 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05802h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Driven by the quest for future energy solution, faceted metal nanoparticles are being pursued as the next generation electrocatalysts for renewable energy applications. Thanks to recent advancement in solution phase synthesis, different low- and high-index facets on metal nanocrystals become accessible and are tested for specific electrocatalytic reactions. This minireview summarises the key approaches to prepare nanocrystals containing the most catalytically active platinum group metals (Pt, Pd, Ru, Ir and Rh) exposed with low- and high-index facets using solution phase synthesis. Electrocatalytic studies related to the different facets are highlighted to emphasise the importance of exposing facets for catalysing these reactions, namely oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), alcohol oxidation including methanol (MOR) and ethanol oxidation reactions (EOR), formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The future outlook discusses the challenges and opportunities for making electrocatalysts that are even more active and stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agus R Poerwoprajitno
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Lucy Gloag
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Soshan Cheong
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Richard D Tilley
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia and Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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10
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Poerwoprajitno AR, Gloag L, Benedetti TM, Cheong S, Watt J, Huber DL, Gooding JJ, Tilley RD. Formation of Branched Ruthenium Nanoparticles for Improved Electrocatalysis of Oxygen Evolution Reaction. Small 2019; 15:e1804577. [PMID: 30913370 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201804577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Branched nanoparticles are one of the most promising nanoparticle catalysts as their branch sizes and surfaces can be tuned to enable both high activity and stability. Understanding how the crystallinity and surface facets of branched nanoparticles affect their catalytic performance is vital for further catalyst development. In this work, a synthesis is developed to form highly branched ruthenium (Ru) nanoparticles with control of crystallinity. It is shown that faceted Ru branched nanoparticles have improved stability and activity in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) compared with polycrystalline Ru nanoparticles. This work achieves a low 180 mV overpotential at 10 mA cm-2 for hours, demonstrating that record-high stability for Ru nanocrystals can be achieved while retaining high activity for OER. The superior electrocatalytic performance of faceted Ru branched nanoparticles is ascribed to the lower Ru dissolution rate under OER conditions due to low-index facets on the branch surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agus R Poerwoprajitno
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Lucy Gloag
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Tania M Benedetti
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Soshan Cheong
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - John Watt
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA
| | - Dale L Huber
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Richard D Tilley
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, NSW, 2052, Australia
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