P1297PULMONARY HYPERTENSION VERSUS PULMONARY CONGESTION IN HAEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS IN RELATION TO INCREASED INTERDIALYTIC WEIGHT GAIN

Background and Aims

Volume overload is considered as an important clinical problem in HD patients. It is associated with morbid situations such as pulmonary hypertension and lung congestion. to assess the effect of increased (IDWG) on pulmonary hypertension, and lung congestion.

Method

This observational cross sectional study was conducted at on 60 HD patients, that were divided into Group I: 30 patients with an IDWG < 3.5% and, Group II: 30 patients with an IDWG > 3.5% of their dry weight. Pulmonary artery pressure was measured by echo and patients classified according to PAP into mild, moderate and severe pulmonary hypertension. Lung congestion in all patients was measured by lung ultrasound and patients classified into minimal, mild, moderate and severe lung congestion.

Results

Our study showed that pulmonary hypertension prevalence was 30% while lung congestion was 100%. Patients with increased IDWG > 3.5% (group 2) had pre HD higher PAP than those with IDWG < 3.5% (group 1) and patients with IDWG > 3.5% had more change in their PAP post HD session than those with IDWG < 3.5% but no significant difference between the change after the HD session in both groups. HD duration is an important factor in PH development over years. There is a significant relation anemia and hypercalcemia with PH. Patients with more increased IDWG > 3.5 % (group 2) had higher pulmonary congestion than those with IDWG < 3.5% (group 1) and patients with IDWG < 3.5% had more change in their lung congestion level after the HD session than those with IDWG > 3.5% but no statistical significance between the change in both groups. There was a significant relation between HD therapy duration with pulmonary congestion measured prior to the session.

Conclusion

on the short term increased IDWG affect lung congestion more than pulmonary hypertension.

Template-free microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of manganese zinc ferrite as a nanofertilizer for squash plant (Cucurbita pepo L)

Manganese, zinc, and iron are the most essential micronutrients required for plant growth and applied as foliar fertilizers. Herein, a simple template-free microwave-assisted hydrothermal green synthesis technique was adapted to produce manganese zinc ferrite nanoparticles (Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 NPs) at different temperatures (100, 120, 140, 160 and 180 °C). The prepared nanomaterials were employed at different concentrations (0, 10, 20, and 30 ppm) as foliar nanofertilizers during the squash (Cucurbita pepo L) planting process. X-ray diffraction patterns of the prepared nanomaterials confirmed successful production of the nanoferrite material. The prepared nanofertilizers showed type IV adsorption isotherm characteristic for mesoporous materials. FE-SEM and HR-TEM imaging showed that the nanoparticles were cubic shaped and increased in particle size with the increase in microwave temperature during production. The impact of application of the synthesized ferrite nanoparticles on vegetative growth, proximate analysis, minerals content and the yield of squash plant was investigated for two consecutive successful planting seasons. The nanoferrite synthesized at 160 °C and applied to the growing plants at a concentration of 10 ppm gave the highest increase in % yield (49.3 and 52.9%) compared to the untreated squash for the two consecutive seasons, whereas the maximum organic matter content (73.0 and 72.5%) and total energy (260 and 258.3 kcal/g) in squash leaves were obtained in plants treated with 30 ppm ferrite nanoparticles synthesized at 180 °C. On the other hand, the maximum organic matter content (76.6 and 76.3%) and total energy (253.6 and 250.3 kcal/g) in squash fruits were attained with plants supplied by 20 ppm ferrite nanoparticles synthesized at 160 °C. These results indicate that the simple template-free microwave-assisted hydrothermal green synthesis technique for the production of manganese zinc ferrite nanoparticles yields nanoparticles appropriate for use as fertilizer for Cucurbita pepo L.

Insecticide potentiality of rice case (chaff) particle

Chaff (the outermost protective layer of rice grain) in nano and ground sized particles was bio-assessed to explore its insecticidal effects against the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). These particles induced remarkable disturbances in the biological patterns of the greater wax moth. These were cleared as they exhibited insecticidal impact on both juvenile and adult stages, their impacts on larval, pupal and adult death, the formation of morphogenetic features (permanent larvae and larval-pupal intermediates), their negative influence on the adult emergence and the potentialities of the applied concentrations to hinder the larval weight gain. The recorded LC50 values proved more larvicidal potency of the nano-sized particle than that of the ground rice chaff one. The transverse sections in the midgut of the 20 days old larvae (both treated and untreated ones) confirmed the histopathological deformations of the examined particles. The high siliceous content of the chaff particle may be responsible for such recorded disturbances.

Green Synthesis of Nanofertilizers and Their Application as a Foliar forCucurbita pepoL

The implementation of nanofertilizers in agriculture is the purpose in specific to decrease mineral losses in fertilizing and raises the yield during mineral management as well as supporting agriculture development. Hence, this experiment was conducted in Shebin El-Kom, El-Monifia governorate, Egypt, during two seasons 2017 and 2018 to study the effect of micronutrient oxide nanoparticles of zinc, iron, and manganese, as well as combination between these oxides as a foliar application on the growth, yield, and quality of squash plants. The obtained results showed that the spraying of manganese oxide nanoparticles on the plants led to the best vegetative growth characteristics, also, the characteristics of the fruits, yield, and the content of photosynthetic pigments. On the contrary, the content of organic matter, protein, lipids, and energy gave the highest value in squash fruits that have been sprayed with iron oxide nanoparticles.

Green synthesis of manganese zinc ferrite nanoparticles and their application as nanofertilizers for Cucurbita pepo L.. [DOI: 10.3762/bxiv.2019.45.v1]

This study aims to synthesize manganese zinc ferrite nanoparticles (Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 NPs) using a green chemistry synthesis technique and investigate their efficiency as nanofertilizers for squash plant (Cucurbita pepo L). In this work, Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 NPs were successfully prepared at different temperatures via simple template-free microwave-assisted hydrothermal route and used as foliar nanofertilizers for squash plant. The physicochemical characteristics of the as-prepared ferrites were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) techniques. The prepared nanoferrites showed type IV adsorption isotherm characteristic for mesoporous materials. FE-SEM and HR-TEM imaging proves the production cubic shaped nanoparticles with average particle size 10-12 nm. Also the impact of using different concentrations of Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 NPs on vegetative growth, minerals content and the yield of squash plant were investigated. The result showed that the highest vegetative growth for squash appeared with plants supplied by Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 NPs synthesized at 180°C. On the contrary, the yield of squash recorded the best with 160°C. As for the use of different concentrations of Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 NPs, it was found that the use of the lowest concentrations gave the highest values of vegetative growth and yield characters. The chemical content of the squash plant differs from the components of proximate value and the elements according to the temperature used in the composition of the compound Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 NPs and its concentrations. Accordingly, these nanoferrites can be considered as good candidates for Cucurbita pepo L fertilization.    

Evaluation of the therapeutic effects of rice husk nanosilica combined with platelet-derived growth factor in hepatic veno-occlusive disease

Veno-occlusive disease is an important pattern of hepatotoxicity associated with antineoplastic drugs. The study investigated the possible therapeutic effects of RHS nanoparticles combined with a PDGF on veno-occlusive disease (VOD) in liver elicited in rats with DAC. In this work, nanosilica (SiO₂) was successfully prepared from rice husk, and its physicochemical characteristics were investigated using EDX, XRD, N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherm, SEM, and TEM. Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawely rats were distributed into 6 groups, with 8 rats in each. The first group served as the control. In the second group, animals were infused with DAC (0.015 mg/kg; 1-3 days) by intraperitoneal injection (i.p.). In the third group, rats were injected i.p. with DAC, and then at 24 h following the last dose of DAC, received nano-RHS incorporated with PDGF twice a week for 4 weeks. In the fourth group, normal animals were injected with RHS. In the fifth group, normal rats received PDGF, and in the sixth group, normal rats received nano-RHS combined with PDGF. The prepared nanosilica showed type II adsorption isotherm characteristic for mesoporous materials with a specific surface area of 236 m²/g. TEM imaging confirmed the production of nanoparticles via the followed preparation procedure. Radical scavenging potential for nano-RHS was determined using two different in-vitro assays: DPPH, and ABTS radicals. The results of this work show that administration of nano-RHS combined with PDGF significantly reversed the oxidative stress effects of DAC as evidenced by a decrease in liver function. It can be concluded that the nano-RHS combined with PDGF is useful in preventing oxidative stress and hepatic VOD induced by chemotherapy such as DAC.