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Ally N, Ismail S, Naidu N, Makda I, Mayet I, Gyasi ME, Makafui P, Nomo A, Nanfack C, Madikane AT, Pohl WD, Mbambisa BN, Oettle JT, Adepoju F, Tota-Bolarinwa TB, Buque A, Khalau SJN, Zirima D, Takayidza B, Eze UA, Adedeji A, Sandi F, Feksi J, Okonkwo O, Hassan A, du Toit N, Petersen S, Tsimi C, Dovoma V, Bature M, Adamu M, Okeke S, Asimadu IN, Kizor-Akaraiwe NN, Ezisi CN, Nkumbe HE, Olivier TTM, Alli HD. Impact of COVID-19 on ophthalmic surgical procedures in sub-Saharan Africa: a multicentre study. Trop Med Health 2024; 52:24. [PMID: 38486241 PMCID: PMC10941409 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-024-00589-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on healthcare and ophthalmology services globally. Numerous studies amongst various medical and surgical specialties showed a reduction in patient attendance and surgical procedures performed. Prior published ophthalmic literature focused on specific types of procedures and were usually single centre. The current study attempts to quantify the impact on a larger scale, namely that of sub-Saharan Africa, and to include all ophthalmic subspecialties. METHODS This is a retrospective analysis of the surgical records from 17 ophthalmology centres in seven countries located in East, Central, West and Southern Africa. The date of declaration of the first lockdown was used as the beginning of the pandemic and the pivot point to compare theatre records one year prior to the pandemic and the first year of the pandemic. We examined the total number of surgical procedures over the two year period and categorized them according to ophthalmic subspecialty and type of procedure performed. We then compared the pre-pandemic and pandemic surgical numbers over the two year period. RESULTS There were 26,357 ophthalmic surgical procedures performed with a significant decrease in the first year of the pandemic (n = 8942) compared to the year prior to the pandemic (n = 17,415). The number of surgical procedures performed was lower in the first year of the pandemic compared to the year prior to the pandemic by 49% [Incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.51, 95% CI 0.41-0.64), 27% (0.73, 0.55-0.99), 46% (0.54, 0.30-0.99), 40% (0.60, 0.39-0.92) and 59% (0.41, 0.29-0.57) in sub-Saharan Africa (4 regions combined), West, Central, East and Southern Africa, respectively]. The number of surgical procedures in the different sub-specialty categories in sub-Saharan Africa (4 regions combined) was significantly lower in the first year of the pandemic compared to the year prior to the pandemic, except for glaucoma (IRR 0.72, 95% CI 0.52-1.01), oncology (0.71, 0.48-1.05), trauma (0.90, 0.63-1.28) and vitreoretinal (0.67, 0.42-1.08) categories. CONCLUSION This study provides insight into the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in multiple regions and countries on the African continent. The identification of which surgical subspecialty was most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in each region allows for better planning and resource allocation to address these backlogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseer Ally
- St John Eye Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Sarah Ismail
- St John Eye Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Natasha Naidu
- St John Eye Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ismail Makda
- St John Eye Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ismail Mayet
- St John Eye Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | | | - Arlette Nomo
- Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Chantal Nanfack
- Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | | | - Walda D Pohl
- Tshwane District Hospital, Tshwane, South Africa
| | | | - Jonathan T Oettle
- Livingstone Hospital, Walter Sisulu University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Feyi Adepoju
- University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Douglas Zirima
- Sekuru Kaguvi Eye Unit, Paririnyetwa Hospital, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Brian Takayidza
- Sekuru Kaguvi Eye Unit, Paririnyetwa Hospital, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | | | | | - Frank Sandi
- The University of Dodoma Medical School, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Jacinta Feksi
- The University of Dodoma Medical School, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | | | | | - Nagib du Toit
- Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Shahlaa Petersen
- Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | | | | | | | - Suhanyah Okeke
- Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hassan D Alli
- St John Eye Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Charoenpong P, Adedeji A, Daoud N, Song D, Ford D. Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction Listed for Lung Re-Transplant. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Charoenpong P, Song D, Ford D, Daoud N, Adedeji A. Outcome of Lung Re-Transplant in Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Adedeji A, Bullinger M. Subjective integration and quality of life of Sub-Saharan African migrants in Germany. Public Health 2019; 174:134-144. [PMID: 31369927 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2019.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article presents empirical evidence on the quality of life (QoL) of Sub-Saharan African (SSA) migrants in Germany, exploring its association with subjective integration and the influence of some socio-economic and sociodemographic characteristics. STUDY DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study design using quantitative data from 518 SSA migrants collected across the 16 federal states of Germany, and these data were analysed in this study. METHODS Association between participants' QoL, measured by the four domains of the Bref version of the World Health Organisation QoL measure, subjective integration and sociodemographic characteristics were evaluated using Pearson product-moment correlations. Stepwise multiple linear regressions were performed to explore the contribution of predictor variables on the QoL domain. RESULTS Participants' age averaged 32.5 years (standard deviation [SD] 7.93). The sample reported a low QoL score with a mean score of 64.3 (SD 14.4, range 70.2). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that subjective integration, age, education and gender had significant associations and explained up to 27% of the variance in the QoL domain scores. CONCLUSION The findings of this study support the conclusion that subjective integration positively and significantly associates with the physical health, psychological health, social relationships and environmental domains of SSA migrants' QoL in Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adedeji
- Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.
| | - Monika Bullinger
- Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Institute and Outpatients Clinic Medical Psychology, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.
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Guedes AGP, Aristizabal F, Sole A, Adedeji A, Brosnan R, Knych H, Yang J, Hwang SH, Morisseau C, Hammock BD. Pharmacokinetics and antinociceptive effects of the soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor t-TUCB in horses with experimentally induced radiocarpal synovitis. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2017; 41:230-238. [PMID: 29067696 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This study determined the pharmacokinetics, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory effects of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor t-TUCB (trans-4-{4-[3-(4-Trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-ureido]-cyclohexyloxy}-benzoic acid) in horses with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced radiocarpal synovitis. A total of seven adult healthy mares (n = 4-6/treatment) were administered 3 μg LPS into one radiocarpal joint and t-TUCB intravenously (i.v.) at 0 (control), 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg/kg in a blinded, randomized, crossover design with at least 3 weeks washout between. Two investigators independently assigned pain scores (at rest, walk and trot) and lameness scores before and up to 48 hr after t-TUCB/LPS. Responses to touching the joint skin to assess tactile allodynia, plasma, and synovial fluid (SF) t-TUCB concentrations were determined before and up to 48 hr after t-TUCB/LPS. Blood and SF were collected for clinical laboratory evaluations before and up to 48 hr after t-TUCB/LPS. Areas under the curves of pain and lameness scores were calculated and compared between control and treatments. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA with Dunnett or Bonferroni post-test. p < .05 was considered significant. Data are mean ± SEM. Compared to control, pain, lameness, and tactile allodynia were significantly lower with 1 mg/kg t-TUCB, but not the other doses. For 0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg/kg t-TUCB treatments, plasma terminal half-lives were 13 ± 3, 13 ± 0.5, and 24 ± 5 hr, and clearances were 68 ± 15, 48 ± 5, and 14 ± 1 ml hr-1 kg-1 . The 1 mg/kg t-TUCB reached the SF at high concentrations. There were no important anti-inflammatory effects. In conclusion, sEH inhibition with t-TUCB may provide analgesia in horses with inflammatory joint pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G P Guedes
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA
| | - F Aristizabal
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - A Sole
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - A Adedeji
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - R Brosnan
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - H Knych
- K. L. Maddy Equine Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - J Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - S-H Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - C Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - B D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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Mehta C, Vaid S, Adedeji A, Vibhakar D, Bell T, Grim R, Ahuja V. Epidemiology of Clostridium Difficile Colitis in Hospitalized Patients in the United States. J Surg Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2011.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Abstract
Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from children presenting to Birmingham hospitals were characterized using molecular methods. The study was performed on MRSA isolates from children aged </=16 years, identified between March 2004 and December 2004, from three hospitals offering general paediatric services. Fifty isolates were classified as either community-acquired (CA-MRSA) or hospital-acquired MRSA (HA-MRSA) according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria. They underwent susceptibility testing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analyses. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methodology was used to determine the type of staphylococcal chromosome cassette (SCCmec) and the presence or absence of genes encoding Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL). Overall, 31 (62%) MRSA were defined as CA-MRSA. PFGE band pattern and SCCmec analysis were similar to EMRSA 15 for 72% of isolates. Over 80% of isolates contained SCCmec type IV; one isolate was untypable. Genes encoding PVL were not detected. MRSA in children presenting to Birmingham hospitals classified as CA-MRSA are most likely to resemble the usual hospital epidemic strains. None of the isolates fulfilled the criteria for de-novo CA-MRSA based on PFGE, PVL production and SCCmec analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adedeji
- Department of Microbiology, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
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Uwah A, Adedeji A, SalawuV O, Okunade A, Adebayo P, Akpan I. Assessment of knowledge, perceptions and acceptability of mandatory pre-medical tests for intending couples in churches in Abuja, Nigeria. Retrovirology 2006. [PMCID: PMC1716886 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-3-s1-p63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Adedeji A, Gray J, Weller T. WITHDRAWN: “MRSA in children presenting to hospitals in Birmingham,UK: What might “community-associated MRSA”be?”. J Infect 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2005.11.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Abstract
AIMS To investigate the epidemiological and clinical aspects of MRSA among inpatients and outpatients presenting to hospital. METHODS Analysis of demographic, epidemiological, and clinical data collected on 385 children first identified as having MRSA between January 1998 and December 2003 in a 250 bed English children's hospital. RESULTS There were 267 inpatients and 118 outpatients. The number of new cases of MRSA declined from 72 in 1998 to 52 in 2003, whereas hospital activity increased. Ninety nine (37.1%) inpatients acquired MRSA outside the hospital; a further 90 occurred among 31 clusters of cases. One hundred and seventy eight (66.7%) inpatients were aged <2 years; cardiac services and paediatric & neonatal surgery accounted for 59.6% of cases. Dermatology and A&E accounted for 51.7% of outpatients; 73.8% of outpatients had recently previously attended the hospital. A total of 13.9% of inpatients with MRSA developed bacteraemia; MRSA accounted for 15% of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemias. The risk of MRSA bacteraemia in colonised patients, and the proportion of S aureus bacteraemias that were MRSA, varied between specialties. Intravascular devices were the most common source of MRSA bacteraemia (63.4% of cases). The mortality rate was 7.3%. CONCLUSIONS Enhanced surveillance of MRSA can identify at-risk patient groups, thus facilitating targeting of control measures. The absence of a link between numbers of cases of acquisition of MRSA and bacteraemia suggests that the rise in MRSA bacteraemia may not solely reflect an increase in MRSA prevalence in children in the UK. The need for larger epidemiological studies is emphasised.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adedeji
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK.
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Adedeji A, Weller TMA, Ayres JG. Effect of PM10 on H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae. Thorax 2004; 59:542-3. [PMID: 15170051 PMCID: PMC1747043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
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Adedeji A, Grünfelder T, Bates FS, Macosko CW, Stroup-Gardiner M, Newcomb DE. Asphalt modified by SBS triblock copolymer: Structures and properties. POLYM ENG SCI 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.10567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Adedeji A, Subudhi CP, Hutchison AJ, Burnie JP, Kerr JR. Recurrent Escherichia coli bacteraemia in a patient with chronic renal failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001; 16:2429-30. [PMID: 11733641 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/16.12.2429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Adedeji
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, UK
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Subudhi CP, Adedeji A, Kaufmann ME, Lucas GS, Kerr JR. Fatal Roseomonas gilardii bacteremia in a patient with refractory blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia. Clin Microbiol Infect 2001; 7:573-5. [PMID: 11683803 DOI: 10.1046/j.1198-743x.2001.00318.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Allison SI, Adedeji A, Varma JS. Per anal excision of large rectal adenomas using an endoscopic stapler. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS OF EDINBURGH 2001; 46:290-1. [PMID: 11697697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Large rectal adenomas can be approached per-anally by open excision or by transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEMS). We describe the adaptation of an endoscopic linear stapler-cutter for per anal excision of rectal polyps. It can be used for difficult polyps with minimal risk of complications and is easier and more accessible than TEMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Allison
- Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Abstract
The methanol extract of Peperomia pellucida aerial parts, given orally at doses ranging from 70 to 210 mg/kg, showed a significant analgesic activity on acetic acid-induced writhing in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- P I Aziba
- Department of Pharmacology, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Shagamu, Ogun State University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria.
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Sowunmi A, Sowunmi C, Adedeji A, Oduola A. Comparison of Artemether and Artemether plus Mefloquine in Children with Malaria and Effects on Viability of Plasmodium falciparum Ex vivo. Clin Drug Investig 2001. [DOI: 10.2165/00044011-200121010-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Adedeji A, Subudhi CP, Gokal R, Hutchison AJ, Kerr JR. Campylobacter jejuni bacteremia, peritonitis, and exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis in a patient on CAPD: case report and literature review. Perit Dial Int 2000; 20:794-6. [PMID: 11216580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Adedeji
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, United Kingdom
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Adedeji A, Rotimi VO, Akande B, Olumide F. The bacterial flora of gall bladder bile among Nigerians. East Afr Med J 1986; 63:507-10. [PMID: 3792235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Olumide F, Adedeji A, Adesola AO. Metronidazole in acute abdomen. A preliminary report. Niger Med J 1979; 9:209-14. [PMID: 543260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Abstract
A 10-yr review of acute intestinal obstruction in 280 Nigerian children reveals that the condition is the major cause of surgical emergencies in Nigerian children, as in children of other developing countries. These are significant differences of pediatric intestinal obstruction in developing countries, as compared with the pattern in other parts of the world. Intussuscaption was the leading cause followed by incarcerated or strangulated hernia. Lateness in presentation was common, with a resulting high morbidity and prolonged hospital stay. The overall mortality was 16%, but mortality of 33% was recorded in the neonatal group.
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