Progress and Perspective in harnessing MXene-carbon-based composites (0-3D): Synthesis, performance, and applications

MXene is recognized as a promising catalyst for versatile applications due to its abundant metal sites, physicochemical properties, and structural formation. This comprehensive review offers an in-depth analysis of the incorporation of carbon into MXene, resulting in the formation of MXene-carbon-based composites (MCCs). Pristine MXene exhibits numerous outstanding characteristics, such as its atomically thin 2D structure, hydrophilic surface nature, metallic electrical conductivity, and substantial specific surface area. The introduction of carbon guides the assembly of MCCs through electrostatic self-assembly, pairing positively charged carbon with negatively charged MXene. These interactions result in increased interlayer spacing, reduced ion/electron transport distances, and enhanced surface hydrophilicity. Subsequent sections delve into the synthesis methods for MCCs, focusing on MXene integrated with various carbon structures, including 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D carbon. Comprehensive discussions explore the distinctive properties of MCCs and the unique advantages they offer in each application domain, emphasizing the contributions and advancements they bring to specific fields. Furthermore, this comprehensive review addresses the challenges encountered by MCCs across different applications. Through these analyses, the review promotes a deeper understanding of exceptional characteristics and potential applications of MCCs. Insights derived from this review can serve as guidance for future research and development efforts, promoting the widespread utilization of MCCs across a broad spectrum of disciplines and spurring future innovations.

Electrocatalytic detection of noxious antioxidant diphenylamine in fruit samples with support of Cu@nanoporous carbon modified sensor

Herein, the facile synthesis of copper(II) and benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate (Cu-BTC) and copper nanoporous carbon (Cu@NPC) for the electrochemical detection of diphenylamine (DPA) was systematically investigated. The Cu-BTC and Cu@NPC materials structural, morphological, and thermal stability were evaluated and confirmed using FE-SEM, HR-TEM, XRD, FT-IR, and TGA. The electrocatalytic behavior of sensor materials was examined by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). It is presumed that the structural stability and synergic effect exhibited in Cu@NPC are favorable for enhanced sensitivity and selectivity towards the detection of DPA. The Cu@NPC exhibited a wide linear range (0.09-396.82 μM) and the lowest limit of detection (5 nM). Furthermore, the real sample analysis of the sensor for the detection of DPA in apples and pears confirms its potential capability in practical application.

Sonochemical synthesis of nickel-manganous oxide nanocrumbs decorated partially reduced graphene oxide for efficient electrochemical reduction of metronidazole

In the present work, we report on the synthesis of crump-like nickel manganous oxide nanoparticles decorated partially reduced graphene oxide (NiMnO@pr-GO) nanocomposite through high-intensity ultrasonic bath sonication (ultrasonic frequency = 37 kHz and power = 150 W). The NiMnO@pr-GO nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was then employed for the electrochemical reduction of detrimental metronidazole (MNZ). The crystalline phase and formation of the NiMnO@pr-GO nanocomposites were confirmed by X-ray diffraction and other spectroscopic techniques. The cyclic voltammetry results demonstrate that this NiMnO@pr-GO nanocomposite modified GCE has a lower reduction potential and higher catalytic activity towards MNZ than do NiMnO and GO modified GCEs. Under optimized conditions, the fabricated NiMnO@pr-GO electrode can detect metronidazole over a wide linear range with a lower limit of detection of 90 nM. The sensitivity of the sensor was 1.22 µA µM^-1cm^-2 and was found to have excellent selectivity and durability for the detection of MNZ.