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Ceruti T, Frapolli R, Ghilardi C, Decio A, Dellavedova G, Tommasi S, Zucchetti M, Mangoni AA. Development of a HPLC-MS/MS Method to Assess the Pharmacokinetics and Tumour Distribution of the Dimethylarginine Dimethylaminohydrolase 1 Inhibitors ZST316 and L-257 in a Xenograft Model of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Mice. Molecules 2023; 28:8056. [PMID: 38138547 PMCID: PMC10746103 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe the development and validation of an HPLC-MS/MS method to assess the pharmacokinetics and tumour distribution of ZST316, an arginine analogue with inhibitory activity towards dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1) and vasculogenic mimicry, and its active metabolite L-257 in a xenograft model of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The method proved to be reproducible, precise, and highly accurate for the measurement of both compounds in plasma and tumour tissue following acute and chronic (five days) intraperitoneal administration of ZST316 (30 mg/Kg daily) in six-week-old severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) mice inoculated with MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells. ZST316 was detected in tumour tissue and plasma after 1 h (6.47 and 9.01 μM, respectively) and 24 h (0.13 and 0.16 μM, respectively) following acute administration, without accumulation during chronic treatment. Similarly, the metabolite L-257 was found in tumour tissue and plasma after 1 h (15.06 and 8.72 μM, respectively) and 24 h (0.17 and 0.17 μM, respectively) following acute administration of ZST316, without accumulation during chronic treatment. The half-life after acute and chronic treatment ranged between 4.4-7.1 h (plasma) and 4.5-5.0 h (tumour) for ZST316, and 4.2-5.3 h (plasma) and 3.6-4.9 h (tumour) for L-257. The results of our study demonstrate the (a) capacity to accurately measure ZST316 and L-257 concentrations in plasma and tumour tissue in mice using the newly developed HPLC-MS/MS method, (b) rapid conversion of ZST316 into L-257, (c) good intra-tumour penetration of both compounds, and (d) lack of accumulation of both ZST316 and L-257 in plasma and tumour tissue during chronic administration. Compared to a previous method developed by our group to investigate ZST316 in plasma, the main advantages of the new method include a wider range of linearity which reduces the need for dilutions and the combined assessment of ZST316 and L-257 in plasma and tumour tissue which limits the required amount of matrix. The new HPLC-MS/MS method is useful to investigate the in vivo effects of ZST316 and L-257 on vasculogenic mimicry, tumour mass, and metastatic burden in xenograft models of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Ceruti
- Laboratory of Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Instituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (T.C.); (R.F.); (M.Z.)
| | - Roberta Frapolli
- Laboratory of Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Instituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (T.C.); (R.F.); (M.Z.)
| | - Carmen Ghilardi
- Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, Instituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (C.G.); (A.D.); (G.D.)
| | - Alessandra Decio
- Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, Instituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (C.G.); (A.D.); (G.D.)
| | - Giulia Dellavedova
- Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, Instituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (C.G.); (A.D.); (G.D.)
| | - Sara Tommasi
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia;
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Massimo Zucchetti
- Laboratory of Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Instituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (T.C.); (R.F.); (M.Z.)
| | - Arduino A. Mangoni
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia;
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
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Dellavedova G, Decio A, Formenti L, Albertella MR, Wilson J, Staniszewska AD, Leo E, Giavazzi R, Ghilardi C, Bani MR. The PARP1 Inhibitor AZD5305 Impairs Ovarian Adenocarcinoma Progression and Visceral Metastases in Patient-derived Xenografts Alone and in Combination with Carboplatin. Cancer Res Commun 2023; 3:489-500. [PMID: 36994441 PMCID: PMC10042207 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have changed the management of patients with ovarian cancer and their effectiveness has been demonstrated especially in homologous recombination repair–deficient tumors. These first-generation drugs target PARP1, but also PARP2 and other family members potentially responsible for adverse effects that limit their therapeutic potential and restrict their use in combination with chemotherapeutic agents. We investigated ovarian cancer patient-derived xenografts (OC-PDXs) to assess whether malignant progression could be impaired by a novel inhibitor selective for PARP1 (AZD5305) and to assess the potential of its combination with carboplatin (CPT), the standard-of-care for patients with ovarian cancer. In BRCA-mutated OC-PDXs, AZD5305 achieved greater tumor regressions and longer duration of response as well as a superior impairment of visceral metastasis and improved survival benefit compared with the first-generation dual PARP1/2 inhibitors. The combination of AZD5305 plus CPT was more efficacious than single agents. Subcutaneously growing tumors experienced regression that persisted after therapy stopped. Combination efficacy was greater against tumors that did not respond well to platinum, even at a dose at which AZD5305 monotherapy was ineffective. The combination therapy impaired metastatic dissemination and significantly prolonged the lifespan of mice bearing OC-PDXs in their abdomen. This combination benefit was evident even when CPT was used at suboptimal doses, and was superior to full-dose platinum treatment. These preclinical studies demonstrate that the PARP1-selective inhibitor AZD5305 retains and improves the therapeutic benefit of the first-generation PARPi, providing an opportunity to maximize benefits for this class of anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Dellavedova
- Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Decio
- Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Formenti
- Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Joanne Wilson
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Elisabetta Leo
- Bioscience, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Raffaella Giavazzi
- Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Carmen Ghilardi
- Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
- Corresponding Author: Carmen Ghilardi, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, Milan 20156, Italy. Phone: 3902-3901-4226; E-mail:
| | - Maria Rosa Bani
- Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Oncology Department, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milano, Italy
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Varone E, Decio A, Barbera MC, Bolis M, Di Rito L, Pisati F, Giavazzi R, Zito E. Endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductin 1-alpha deficiency and activation of protein translation synergistically impair breast tumour resilience. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:5180-5195. [PMID: 35853086 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress triggers an adaptive response in tumours which fosters cell survival and resilience to stress. Activation of the ER stress response, through its PERK branch, promotes phosphorylation of the α-subunit of the translation initiation factor eIF2, thereby repressing general protein translation and augmenting the translation of ATF4 with the downstream CHOP transcription factor and the protein disulfide oxidase, ERO1-alpha EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Here, we show that ISRIB, a small molecule that inhibits the action of phosphorylated eIF2alpha, activating protein translation, synergistically interacts with the genetic deficiency of protein disulfide oxidase ERO1-alpha, enfeebling breast tumour growth and spread. KEY RESULTS ISRIB represses the CHOP signal, but does not inhibit ERO1. Mechanistically, ISRIB increases the ER protein load with a marked perturbing effect on ERO1-deficient triple-negative breast cancer cells, which display impaired proteostasis and have adapted to a low client protein load in hypoxia, and ERO1 deficiency impairs VEGF-dependent angiogenesis. ERO1-deficient triple-negative breast cancer xenografts have an augmented ER stress response and its PERK branch. ISRIB acts synergistically with ERO1 deficiency, inhibiting the growth of triple-negative breast cancer xenografts by impairing proliferation and angiogenesis. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These results demonstrate that ISRIB together with ERO1 deficiency synergistically shatter the PERK-dependent adaptive ER stress response, by restarting protein synthesis in the setting of impaired proteostasis, finally promoting tumour cytotoxicity. Our findings suggest two surprising features in breast tumours: ERO1 is not regulated via CHOP under hypoxic conditions, and ISRIB offers a therapeutic option to efficiently inhibit tumour progression in conditions of impaired proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ersilia Varone
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Decio
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marco Bolis
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Bioinformatics Core Unit, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Laura Di Rito
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Ester Zito
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
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Chiappa M, Guffanti F, Decio A, Aliverti A, Ricci F, Scanziani E, Camin F, Craparotta I, Barbera MC, Bolis M, Ridinger M, Damia G. Abstract 3237: Combining PARP inhibition with the polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitor onvansertib overcomes PARP inhibitor resistance. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-3237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: BRCA1/2 mutant tumors cells are deficient for homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA repair and are particularly sensitive to PARP inhibitors (PARPi). PARPi have proved efficacy in breast, ovarian, prostate, and pancreatic cancers, particularly in HR-deficient tumors, while their activity is limited in HR-proficient tumors. However, PARPi resistance is inevitable and therapeutic resistance resulting from restoration of HR repair is a pressing clinical problem. Identifying combination treatments to sensitize tumors cells to PARPi and/or overcome PARPi resistance is critical to expand the benefit of these therapies. The Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), a serine threonine kinase, is a master regulator of mitosis, overexpressed in many cancers. PLK1 is also involved in the DNA damage response through the promotion of HR-mediated DNA repair and the recovery from the G2/M checkpoint. PLK1 roles in HR repair suggest that PLK1 inhibition may reverse PARPi resistance.
Methods: To test the effect of PLK1 and PARP inhibitors combination, we used onvansertib, a highly selective, ATP-competitor PLK1 inhibitor currently in clinical development and the FDA-approved PARPi olaparib. The antitumor effect of the single and combined drug treatments was tested in 2 BRCA1 mutated high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patient derived (PDX) models resistant to olaparib. Orthotopically PDX transplanted mice were treated for 4 weeks and followed for survival.
Results: The combination of onvansertib and olaparib was well tolerated and showed strong anti-tumor activity in both PDX models. The combination significantly increased mice survival in comparison to vehicle, olaparib and onvansertib, and showed that onvansertib can re-sensitize PARPi-resistant tumors to olaparib. Median survival increased by 2.7-fold and 8.1-fold respectively in the 2 PDX models in the combination group versus vehicle and the Kaplan Meyer survival curves of mice treated with the combination showed a statistically survival advantage versus control and single agent treated mice. Pharmacodynamic analyses showed an increase in mitotic, apoptotic and DNA damage markers in tumors treated with the combination versus vehicle.
Conclusions: The combination of the PLK1 inhibitor onvansertib and the PARPi olaparib showed potent anti-tumor activity in olaparib-resistant BRAC1 mutant HGSOC PDX models. Additional studies are ongoing to further assess the potential of the combination in BRCA wild-type and mutant ovarian, prostate, pancreatic and breast cancer preclinical models.
Citation Format: Michela Chiappa, Federica Guffanti, Alessandra Decio, Alessandro Aliverti, Francesca Ricci, Eugenio Scanziani, Federica Camin, Ilaria Craparotta, Maria Chiara Barbera, Marco Bolis, Maya Ridinger, Giovanna Damia. Combining PARP inhibition with the polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitor onvansertib overcomes PARP inhibitor resistance [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3237.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Chiappa
- 1Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Guffanti
- 1Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Decio
- 1Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Ricci
- 1Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Eugenio Scanziani
- 2Mouse and Animal Pathology Lab (MAPLab), UniMi Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Camin
- 2Mouse and Animal Pathology Lab (MAPLab), UniMi Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Craparotta
- 1Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marco Bolis
- 1Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giovanna Damia
- 1Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Ghilardi C, Moreira-Barbosa C, Brunelli L, Ostano P, Panini N, Lupi M, Anastasia A, Fiordaliso F, Salio M, Formenti L, Russo M, Arrigoni E, Chiaradonna F, Chiorino G, Draetta G, Marszalek JR, Vellano CP, Pastorelli R, Bani M, Decio A, Giavazzi R. PGC1α/β Expression Predicts Therapeutic Response to Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibition in Ovarian Cancer. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1423-1434. [PMID: 35131872 PMCID: PMC9359716 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-1223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecologic cancer, and novel therapeutic options are crucial to improve overall survival. Here we provide evidence that impairment of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) can help control ovarian cancer progression, and this benefit correlates with expression of the two mitochondrial master regulators PGC1α and PGC1β. In orthotopic patient-derived ovarian cancer xenografts (OC-PDX), concomitant high expression of PGC1α and PGC1β (PGC1α/β) fostered a unique transcriptional signature, leading to increased mitochondrial abundance, enhanced tricarboxylic acid cycling, and elevated cellular respiration that ultimately conferred vulnerability to OXPHOS inhibition. Treatment with the respiratory chain complex I inhibitor IACS-010759 caused mitochondrial swelling and ATP depletion that consequently delayed malignant progression and prolonged the lifespan of high PGC1α/β-expressing OC-PDX-bearing mice. Conversely, low PGC1α/β OC-PDXs were not affected by IACS-010759, thus pinpointing a selective antitumor effect of OXPHOS inhibition. The clinical relevance of these findings was substantiated by analysis of ovarian cancer patient datasets, which showed that 25% of all cases displayed high PGC1α/β expression along with an activated mitochondrial gene program. This study endorses the use of OXPHOS inhibitors to manage ovarian cancer and identifies the high expression of both PGC1α and β as biomarkers to refine the selection of patients likely to benefit most from this therapy. SIGNIFICANCE OXPHOS inhibition in ovarian cancer can exploit the metabolic vulnerabilities conferred by high PGC1α/β expression and offers an effective approach to manage patients on the basis of PGC1α/β expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Ghilardi
- Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Corresponding Author: Carmen Ghilardi, Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics; Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milan, Italy. Phone: 39-02-39014226; Fax: 39-02-39014734; E-mail:
| | - Catarina Moreira-Barbosa
- Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Laura Brunelli
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Ostano
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia Valenta, Biella, Italy
| | - Nicolò Panini
- Laboratory of Anticancer Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Lupi
- Laboratory of Anticancer Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Anastasia
- Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Fiordaliso
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Clinical Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Salio
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Clinical Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Formenti
- Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Russo
- Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Arrigoni
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giovanna Chiorino
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia Valenta, Biella, Italy
| | - Giulio Draetta
- Institute for Applied Cancer Science, Therapeutics Discovery Division, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,TRACTION Platform, Therapeutics Discovery Division, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Joseph R. Marszalek
- TRACTION Platform, Therapeutics Discovery Division, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Christopher P. Vellano
- TRACTION Platform, Therapeutics Discovery Division, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Roberta Pastorelli
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - MariaRosa Bani
- Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Decio
- Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Giavazzi
- Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Dellavedova G, Decio A, Staniszewska A, Leo E, Giavazzi R, Bani MR. Abstract P217: The next generation PARP inhibitor AZD5305 is active in a broad range of pre-clinical models of ovarian cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.targ-21-p217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Since the approval of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) for BRCA-mutated ovarian cancer patients, different PARPi have been developed and have shown efficacy in homologous recombination deficient (HRD) tumours. These first-generation drugs inhibit both PARP1 and PARP2 (as well as other PARP family members) and present undesirable adverse effects, such as haematological and intestinal toxicity, that restricted their use especially in combination with already poorly tolerated chemotherapeutic agents. Here, patient-derived ovarian cancer xenografts (OC-PDXs) were used i) to evaluate the dose response efficacy of AZD5305, a next generation, potent and selective PARP1 inhibitor and ii) to investigate the effect of the combination with carboplatin, a standard-of-care treatment for ovarian cancer patients. AZD5305 was administered orally (po) once daily (QD) for 8 weeks as monotherapy (0.1, 1 and 10 mg/kg) and in combination with carboplatin (CPT) dosed intravenously (35 mg/kg; Q7x4). Two BRCA1 mutated (HOC106 and HOC107) and a BRCA wild-type (HOC84) OC-PDXs (all TP53 mutated) were implanted subcutis and the effect of treatments on tumour growth evaluated. AZD5305 dosed at 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/kg to mice bearing HOC106 tumours, inhibited tumours growth in a dose dependent manner. Administered in combination at 0.1 and 1 mg/kg, AZD5305 potentiated the effect of carboplatin, causing a significant and sustained regression of HOC106 tumours. The anti-tumour efficacy was also evident against the PARPi-resistant OC-PDX HOC107, whereby the tumour growth was inhibited by AZD5305 at 1 and 10 mg/kg dose. Combined with carboplatin, AZD5305 stabilized the growth of HOC107 tumours at doses as low as 0.1 mg/kg that on its own was not effective. As expected, none of the treatments affected the growth of the BRCA wild-type HOC84 (PARPi and carboplatin resistant OC-PDX). Overall, AZD5305 a next generation PARP1-selective inhibitor and trapper, shows improved efficacy and tolerability in combination with chemotherapy compared to first generation, PARP1/2 inhibitors, making it a promising clinical candidate for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
Citation Format: Giulia Dellavedova, Alessandra Decio, Anna Staniszewska, Elisabetta Leo, Raffaella Giavazzi, Maria Rosa Bani. The next generation PARP inhibitor AZD5305 is active in a broad range of pre-clinical models of ovarian cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC Virtual International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2021 Oct 7-10. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2021;20(12 Suppl):Abstract nr P217.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandra Decio
- 1Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milano, Italy,
| | | | | | | | - Maria Rosa Bani
- 1Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milano, Italy,
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Giordano M, Decio A, Battistini C, Baronio M, Bianchi F, Villa A, Bertalot G, Freddi S, Lupia M, Jodice MG, Ubezio P, Colombo N, Giavazzi R, Cavallaro U. L1CAM promotes ovarian cancer stemness and tumor initiation via FGFR1/SRC/STAT3 signaling. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:319. [PMID: 34645505 PMCID: PMC8513260 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02117-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells (CSC) have been implicated in tumor progression. In ovarian carcinoma (OC), CSC drive tumor formation, dissemination and recurrence, as well as drug resistance, thus contributing to the high death-to-incidence ratio of this disease. However, the molecular basis of such a pathogenic role of ovarian CSC (OCSC) has been elucidated only to a limited extent. In this context, the functional contribution of the L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) to OC stemness remains elusive. METHODS The expression of L1CAM was investigated in patient-derived OCSC. The genetic manipulation of L1CAM in OC cells provided gain and loss-of-function models that were then employed in cell biological assays as well as in vivo tumorigenesis experiments to assess the role of L1CAM in OC cell stemness and in OCSC-driven tumor initiation. We applied antibody-mediated neutralization to investigate L1CAM druggability. Biochemical approaches were then combined with functional in vitro assays to study the molecular mechanisms underlying the functional role of L1CAM in OCSC. RESULTS We report that L1CAM is upregulated in patient-derived OCSC. Functional studies showed that L1CAM promotes several stemness-related properties in OC cells, including sphere formation, tumor initiation and chemoresistance. These activities were repressed by an L1CAM-neutralizing antibody, pointing to L1CAM as a druggable target. Mechanistically, L1CAM interacted with and activated fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 (FGFR1), which in turn induced the SRC-mediated activation of STAT3. The inhibition of STAT3 prevented L1CAM-dependent OC stemness and tumor initiation. CONCLUSIONS Our study implicate L1CAM in the tumorigenic function of OCSC and point to the L1CAM/FGFR1/SRC/STAT3 signaling pathway as a novel driver of OC stemness. We also provide evidence that targeting this pathway can contribute to OC eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Giordano
- Unit of Gynaecological Oncology Research, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Decio
- Laboratory of Tumor Metastasis Therapeutics, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Battistini
- Unit of Gynaecological Oncology Research, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy
| | - Micol Baronio
- Unit of Gynaecological Oncology Research, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bianchi
- Cancer Biomarkers Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, FG, Italy
| | - Alessandra Villa
- Unit of Gynaecological Oncology Research, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy.,Philochem AG, Otelfingen, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Bertalot
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy.,Division of Anatomical Pathology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Stefano Freddi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Lupia
- Unit of Gynaecological Oncology Research, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Giovanna Jodice
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Ubezio
- Laboratory of Tumor Metastasis Therapeutics, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Colombo
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy.,University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Giavazzi
- Laboratory of Tumor Metastasis Therapeutics, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ugo Cavallaro
- Unit of Gynaecological Oncology Research, European Institute of Oncology IRCSS, Milan, Italy.
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Guffanti F, Alvisi MF, Caiola E, Ricci F, De Maglie M, Soldati S, Ganzinelli M, Decio A, Giavazzi R, Rulli E, Damia G. Impact of ERCC1, XPF and DNA Polymerase β Expression on Platinum Response in Patient-Derived Ovarian Cancer Xenografts. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092398. [PMID: 32847049 PMCID: PMC7564949 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Platinum resistance is an unmet medical need in ovarian carcinoma. Molecular biomarkers to predict the response to platinum-based therapy could allow patient stratification and alternative therapeutic strategies early in clinical management. Sensitivity and resistance to platinum therapy are partially determined by the tumor’s intrinsic DNA repair activities, including nucleotide excision repair (NER) and base excision repair (BER). We investigated the role of the NER proteins—ERCC1, XPF, ERCC1/XPF complex—and of the BER protein DNA polymerase β, as possible biomarkers of cisplatin (DDP) response in a platform of recently established patient-derived ovarian carcinoma xenografts (OC-PDXs). ERCC1 and DNA polymerase β protein expressions were measured by immunohistochemistry, the ERCC1/XPF foci number was detected by proximity ligation assay (PLA) and their mRNA levels by real-time PCR. We then correlated the proteins, gene expression and ERCC1/XPF complexes with OC-PDXs’ response to platinum. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first investigation of the role of the ERCC1/XPF complex, detected by PLA, in relation to the response to DDP in ovarian carcinoma. None of the proteins in the BER and NER pathways studied predicted platinum activity in this panel of OC-PDXs, nor did the ERCC1/XPF foci number. These results were partially explained by the experimental evidence that the ERCC1/XPF complex increases after DDP treatment and this possibly better associates with the cancer cells’ abilities to activate the NER pathway to repair platinum-induced damage than its basal level. Our findings highlight the need for DNA functional assays to predict the response to platinum-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Guffanti
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (F.G.); (E.C.); (F.R.)
| | - Maria Francesca Alvisi
- Laboratory of Methodology for Clinical Research, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (M.F.A.); (E.R.)
| | - Elisa Caiola
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (F.G.); (E.C.); (F.R.)
| | - Francesca Ricci
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (F.G.); (E.C.); (F.R.)
| | - Marcella De Maglie
- Mouse and Animal Pathology Lab (MAPLab), Filarete Foundation, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, 20139 Milan, Italy;
| | - Sabina Soldati
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Monica Ganzinelli
- Unit of Thoracic Oncology, Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Decio
- Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (A.D.); (R.G.)
| | - Raffaella Giavazzi
- Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (A.D.); (R.G.)
| | - Eliana Rulli
- Laboratory of Methodology for Clinical Research, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (M.F.A.); (E.R.)
| | - Giovanna Damia
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (F.G.); (E.C.); (F.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0239014234
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Minoli L, Decio A, Damia G, Giavazzi R, Scanziani E, Castiglioni V. Immunohistochemical Characterixation of Murine Sarcomas Arising at the Injection Site of Human Patient-derived Xenografts. J Comp Pathol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2019.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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10
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Bizzaro F, Falcetta F, D'Agostini E, Decio A, Minoli L, Erba E, Alessandro Peccatori F, Scanziani E, Colombo N, Zucchetti M, Bani MR, Ubezio P, Giavazzi R. Tumor progression and metastatic dissemination in ovarian cancer after dose-dense or conventional paclitaxel and cisplatin plus bevacizumab. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:2187-2199. [PMID: 29752717 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of therapeutic regimens incorporating weekly or every-3-weeks paclitaxel (PTX) for ovarian cancer is debated. We investigated the addition of bevacizumab in regimens of chemotherapy with different PTX doses and schedules in preclinical models. Treatments were cisplatin (DDP) with weekly PTX (conventional), or dose-dense-equi (every other day to the conventional cumulative dose), or dose-dense-high (total dose 1.5 times higher), with or without bevacizumab. Treatment efficacy was evaluated analyzing tumor growth in different time-windows in two patient-derived ovarian cancer xenografts with different sensitivity to cisplatin. Tumor progression, metastasis and survival were studied in ovarian cancer models growing orthotopically and disseminating in the mouse peritoneal cavity. Short-term effects on cell cycle, tumor cell proliferation/apoptosis and vasculature were evaluated by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. PTX dose-dense (with/without DDP) was superior to the conventional scheme in a dose-dependent manner; the high efficacy was confirmed by the lower ratio of tumor to normal cells. All schemes benefited from bevacizumab, which reduced tumor vessels. However, DDP/PTX dose-dense-high (only chemotherapy) was at least as active as DDP/PTX conventional plus bevacizumab. DDP/PTX dose-dense-high plus bevacizumab was the most effective in delaying tumor progression, though it did not prolong mouse survival and the continuous treatment with bevacizumab was associated with a malignant disease. These findings indicate that the effect of bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy may depend on the schedule-dose of the treatment and help to explain the unclear benefits after bevacizumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bizzaro
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastasis, Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Falcetta
- Laboratory of Anticancer Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa D'Agostini
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastasis, Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Decio
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastasis, Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Minoli
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastasis, Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Mouse and Animal Pathology Lab (MAPLab), Fondazione Filarete, Milan, Italy
| | - Eugenio Erba
- Laboratory of Anticancer Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Fedro Alessandro Peccatori
- University of Milano-Bicocca and Gynecologic Oncology Division, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Eugenio Scanziani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Colombo
- University of Milano-Bicocca and Gynecologic Oncology Division, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Zucchetti
- Laboratory of Anticancer Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Bani
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastasis, Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Ubezio
- Laboratory of Anticancer Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Giavazzi
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastasis, Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
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Bani M, Ghilardi C, Decio A, Anastasia A, Verza M, Indraccolo S, Giavazzi R. Abstract 2406: Metabolic phenotype and metastasis in patient-derived ovarian cancer xenografts. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-2406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction and Aim
Metabolic re-programming is an emerging hallmark of cancer. Alterations of the metabolism of glucose (i.e. glycolysis) and oxidative phoshorylation (OxPhos) are frequently observed in cancer cells.
Ovarian adenocarcinoma (OC) is the third most common gynecologic malignancy in the developed countries and the most lethal one, which has shown little improvement in overall survival for the last 20 years. OC is a widely metastatic disease disseminating to the organs of the abdomen through ascitic effusion. Understanding the mechanisms facilitating metastatic spread and disease recurrence is needed to develop therapeutic strategies.Our aim is the comprehension of the metabolic perturbations favoring the aggressiveness and metastatic dissemination of OC.
Experimental methods
We characterized a panel of OC-patient derived xenografts (OC-PDX) for their malignant behavior (ascites production, abdominal metastasis formation and survival time). Their metabolic features were depicted as i) glucose and lactate levels measured in ascites, ii) the monocarboxyate transporters MCT1 and MCT4 of the abdominal tumor masses (by IHC), iii) glycolysis- and OxPhos- related enzymes, as well as glucose and lactate transporters (by gene expression) in abdominal masses and ascites.
Results
We found a direct correlation between the amount of lactate and the expression of its transporters, thus OC-PDX showing higher expression of MC1/MCT4 and higher amount of lactate were categorized as “high glycolytic” and those with lower MCT1/MCT4 and lactate “low glycolytic”. The low glycolytic OC-PDXs developed more abdominal metastasis than the highly glycolytic ones, indicating an inverse correlation between the glycolytic phenotype and the capability of the OC-PDX to disseminate, invade and grow into the organs of the peritoneal cavity. Interestingly, we found that the abdominal masses express lower levels of the glucose transporters (i.e. GLUT1), glycolysis-related enzymes (i.e. HK, LDHA) and MCT4 compared to cell aggregates from abdominal effusion; suggesting that ovarian cancer cells are able to modulates their metabolism (glycolysis/OxPhos) to best fit the needs favoring metastatic spread. Further studies are needed to fully understand this association.
Conclusions
Nowadays, metabolism is potentially "targetable”. Our results strongly indicate that perturbing tumor's metabolic re-programming might affect metastatic dissemination.
M R B and C G contributed equally. Supported by Italian Association for Cancer Research (AIRC) IG2016 18853 to RG.
Citation Format: MariaRosa Bani, Carmen Ghilardi, Alessandra Decio, Alessia Anastasia, Martina Verza, Stefano Indraccolo, Raffaella Giavazzi. Metabolic phenotype and metastasis in patient-derived ovarian cancer xenografts [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2406.
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Affiliation(s)
- MariaRosa Bani
- 1MarioNegri Inst.for Pharmacological Research, Milano, Italy
| | - Carmen Ghilardi
- 1MarioNegri Inst.for Pharmacological Research, Milano, Italy
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Bizzaro F, Marchetti AC, Decio A, Ricci F, O'Connor MJ, Taylor MA, Lai Z, Barry ST, Bani MR, Giavazzi R. Abstract 2816: Patient derived ovarian cancer xenograft (OC-PDX) to study the response of the PARP inhibitor olaparib. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-2816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Up to 50% of High Grade Serous (HGS) ovarian cancer patients exhibit homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) through various mechanisms including germline and somatic mutations in BRCA-1 or 2. Olaparib, a poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, was recently approved for the treatment of patients with germline BRCA-mutated-advanced ovarian cancer. We have analyzed our panel of patient derived ovarian cancer xenografts (OC-PDX)1 to investigate the association of the somatic BRCA1/2 mutational status with the response to olaparib.
Whole Exome Sequencing (Illumina HiSeq4000) was performed on a panel (n=26) of OC-PDX to identify mutations in BRCA1/2. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) results were confirmed by Sanger sequencing on tumor DNA and RNA. Thirteen OC-PDX were selected and treated with 100mg/kg olaparib for 4 weeks or as a maintenance regimen until progression. Cisplatin was used as reference drug. Efficacy was evaluated as the best T/C% (best growth inhibition) for subcutaneous (s.c) tumors. To mimick patient disease, OC-PDX were also established as intra-peritoneal models (i.p.) and best ILS% (best increment of lifespan) calculated.
Response to olaparib varied among the models with distinct responsive and non-responsive groups associated with BRCA mutational status.
OC-PDX with a homozygous frameshift mutation in BRCA1/2 (n=5), loss of BRCA1 (n=1) or no expression of BRCA1/2 (n=1) showed a sustained response to olaparib after 4 week treatment (T/C values from 2% to 40%; ILS of one representative OC-PDX = 74%), with complete responses following a longer term maintenance treatment. One BRCA1 mutated OC-PDX model was resistant, progressing rapidly under treatment. In this orthotopic model ILS% and tumor dissemination score of treated mice were similar to vehicle. Models responsive to olaparib were in general also sensitive to cisplatin. BRCA1/2 wild type OC-PDX models (n=4 s.c and n=1 i.p) did not respond to olaparib, even following a longer term treatment (T/C from 41% to 86%; ILS = 5%). NGS revealed a heterozygous mutation in BRCA2 in one OC-PDX. Sanger sequencing of the RNA confirmed the presence of both the wild type and the mutated BRCA2 transcripts. This OC- PDX was poorly responsive to olaparib (T/C = 57%).
Our data showed that in general tumors with a homozygous mutation, loss or no expression of BRCA1/2 responded to olaparib; the drug was not active on those with mutation in heterozygosis (BRCA2+/-) or wild type. These findings indicate that tumor somatic mutations play a role in the response to olaparib. Models of OC-PDX moderately responsive to olaparib offer the opportunity to assess the potential of combination treatments.
1 Ricci, F. et al. Patient-derived ovarian tumor xenografts recapitulate human clinicopathology and genetic alterations. Cancer Res 74, 6980–90 (2014)
Citation Format: Francesca Bizzaro, Alessia C. Marchetti, Alessandra Decio, Francesca Ricci, Mark J. O'Connor, Molly A. Taylor, Zhongwu Lai, Simon T. Barry, Maria R. Bani, Raffaella Giavazzi. Patient derived ovarian cancer xenograft (OC-PDX) to study the response of the PARP inhibitor olaparib [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2816.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bizzaro
- 1IRCCS-Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Decio
- 1IRCCS-Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ricci
- 1IRCCS-Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Maria R. Bani
- 1IRCCS-Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
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Falcetta F, Morosi L, Ubezio P, Giordano S, Decio A, Giavazzi R, Frapolli R, Prasad M, Franceschi P, D'Incalci M, Davoli E. Past-in-the-Future. Peak detection improves targeted mass spectrometry imaging. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1042:1-10. [PMID: 30428975 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging is a valuable tool for visualizing the localization of drugs in tissues, a critical issue especially in cancer pharmacology where treatment failure may depend on poor drug distribution within the tumours. Proper preprocessing procedures are mandatory to obtain quantitative data of drug distribution in tumours, even at low intensity, through reliable ion peak identification and integration. We propose a simple preprocessing and quantification pipeline. This pipeline was designed starting from classical peak integration methods, developed when "microcomputers" became available for chromatography, now applied to MSI. This pre-processing approach is based on a novel method using the fixed mass difference between the analyte and its 5 d derivatives to set up a mass range gate. We demonstrate the use of this pipeline for the evaluating the distribution of the anticancer drug paclitaxel in tumour sections. The procedure takes advantage of a simple peak analysis and allows to quantify the drug concentration in each pixel with a limit of detection below 0.1 pmol mm-2 or 10 μg g-1. Quantitative images of paclitaxel distribution in different tumour models were obtained and average paclitaxel concentrations were compared with HPLC measures in the same specimens, showing <20% difference. The scripts are developed in Python and available through GitHub, at github.com/FrancescaFalcetta/Imaging_of_drugs_distribution_and_quantifications.git.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Falcetta
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa, 19-20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Lavinia Morosi
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa, 19-20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Ubezio
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa, 19-20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Giordano
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa, 19-20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Decio
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa, 19-20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Giavazzi
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa, 19-20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Frapolli
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa, 19-20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Mridula Prasad
- IMM/Analytical Chemistry, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, Netherlands; Biostatistics and Data Management Group, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010, San Michele all' Adige, Italy; Nanotechnology in Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Università di Torino, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Pietro Franceschi
- Biostatistics and Data Management Group, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38010, San Michele all' Adige, Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Incalci
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa, 19-20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Davoli
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via La Masa, 19-20156, Milan, Italy.
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Bani M, Decio A, Giavazzi R, Ghilardi C. Erratum to: Contribution of tumor endothelial cells to drug resistance: anti-angiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitors act as p-glycoprotein antagonists. Angiogenesis 2017; 20:243-244. [DOI: 10.1007/s10456-017-9558-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Bani M, Decio A, Giavazzi R, Ghilardi C. Contribution of tumor endothelial cells to drug resistance: anti-angiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitors act as p-glycoprotein antagonists. Angiogenesis 2017; 20:233-241. [DOI: 10.1007/s10456-017-9549-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Cesca M, Morosi L, Berndt A, Fuso Nerini I, Decio A, Zucchetti M, Giavazzi R. Abstract 3377: Bevacizumab-improved distribution of paclitaxel in ovarian cancer xenografts potentiates antitumor efficacy. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-3377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Angiogenesis inhibitors have shown antitumor efficacy when combined with chemotherapy. It has been proposed that this potentiation is related to better drug delivery to the tumor due to improved vessel functionality. This work combined classical pharmacokinetics and imaging analysis to study the delivery and distribution of paclitaxel after bevacizumab in ovarian cancer.
The study was conducted on ovarian cancer models (A2780-1A9 and IGROV-1) xenografted orthotopically under the bursa of the nude mouse ovary. Mice bearing tumors in the ovary, treated with bevacizumab (150μg/mouse) and 24 hours later with paclitaxel (60mg/kg), were sacrificed and tumor excised for analysis, or monitored for anti-tumor activity. Paclitaxel spatial distribution after bevacizumab was analyzed by MALDI-Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MALDI-MSI) on frozen tumor slices, and compared with adjacent histochemical images stained for CD31 (vessel analysis) and Ki-67 (proliferation/necrosis); total paclitaxel in tumor homogenates, liver and plasma was evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Tumor growth of A2780-1A9 and IGROV-1, carrying the firefly luciferase gene luc2, was monitored by Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) and survival recorded.
Bevacizumab decreased tumor vessel number/size compared to vehicle treated mice, but potentiated the antitumor activity of paclitaxel in both models. MALDI-MSI showed that after bevacizumab, paclitaxel was more homogenously distributed and mainly in actively proliferating areas of the tumor where vessels were uniformly diffused, despite paclitaxel concentration did not increase after antiangiogenic drug. No changes in paclitaxel systemic exposure was found in normal tissue. These findings suggest that a more uniform distribution of paclitaxel in the tumor of the mouse ovary is responsible for the better antitumor activity of the combination.
A.D. and I.F.N. are the recipients of a fellowship from the Italian Foundation for Cancer Research (FIRC).
Citation Format: Marta Cesca, Lavinia Morosi, Alexander Berndt, Ilaria Fuso Nerini, Alessandra Decio, Massimo Zucchetti, Raffaella Giavazzi. Bevacizumab-improved distribution of paclitaxel in ovarian cancer xenografts potentiates antitumor efficacy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3377.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Cesca
- 1IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Lavinia Morosi
- 1IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Alessandra Decio
- 1IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Zucchetti
- 1IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
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Decio A, Cesca M, Bizzaro F, Bani M, Belotti D, Giavazzi R. Cediranib affects tumor dissemination and prolongs the survival of mice bearing patient-derived ovarian cancer xenografts (EOC-PDX). Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)61397-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the fifth commonest cancer-related cause of female death in the developed world. In spite of current surgical and chemotherapeutic options the vast majority of patients have widely metastatic disease and the survival rate has not much changed over the last years. The anti-angiogenic drugs are driving the field of agents targeting the tumor microenvironment in ovarian cancer. Preclinical models that accurately reproduce the molecular and biological features of ovarian cancer patients are a valuable means of producing reliable data on personalized medicine and predicting the therapeutic response in clinical trials.In this methodological chapter we describe the orthotopic model of ovarian cancer implanted under the ovarian bursa of mice. In spite of anatomical differences between the rodent and human bursa-fallopian tube, the appropriate primary tumor microenvironment at the site of the implant allows investigation of tumor-stroma interactions (e.g., angiogenesis), and is well suited for studying the tumor dissemination and metastasis typical of this disease.This model-although fairly labor intensive-may be useful for assessing novel, more selective therapeutic interventions and for biomarker discovery, reflecting the behavior of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Decio
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastasis, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Giavazzi
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastasis, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy.
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Cesca M, Morosi L, Berndt A, Nerini IF, Frapolli R, Richter P, Decio A, Dirsch O, Micotti E, Giordano S, D'Incalci M, Davoli E, Zucchetti M, Giavazzi R. Bevacizumab-Induced Inhibition of Angiogenesis Promotes a More Homogeneous Intratumoral Distribution of Paclitaxel, Improving the Antitumor Response. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 15:125-35. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Decio A, Cesca M, Bizzaro F, Porcu L, Bettolini R, Ubezio P, Taraboletti G, Belotti D, Giavazzi R. Cediranib combined with chemotherapy reduces tumor dissemination and prolongs the survival of mice bearing patient-derived ovarian cancer xenografts with different responsiveness to cisplatin. Clin Exp Metastasis 2015; 32:647-58. [PMID: 26185056 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-015-9734-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cediranib is a pan-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor that affects tumor angiogenesis and is under investigation in clinical studies on ovarian cancer. Using a panel of eleven patient-derived ovarian cancer xenografts (EOC-PDX) growing orthotopically in the peritoneal cavity of nude mice we investigated the effect of cediranib as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy on overall survival (primary endpoint, at euthanasia), and tumor dissemination and metastasis in the peritoneal cavity (secondary endpoint, interim analysis). The response of EOC-PDX to cediranib varied (increment of lifespan, ILS between 12 and 85 %) in the different EOC-PDX, independently from tumor responsiveness to cisplatin (DDP). Cediranib combined with DDP and in maintenance regimen prolonged the survival of mice bearing EOC-PDX with different responsiveness to DDP (ILS between 34 and 224 % with only DDP and between 135 and 337 % with DDP plus Cediranib); survival was extended with the addition of paclitaxel to chemotherapy (50-77 % complete remissions). Cediranib reduced ascites of advanced EOC-PDX, but had limited effect on tumor dissemination; only combined with chemotherapy, ascites and metastases were both reduced. The reduction of tumor dissemination was associated to the increase of overall survival. In conclusion, the response to cediranib differs in the various EOC-PDX, reproducing the heterogeneous response of cancer patients to angiogenesis inhibitors. Cediranib potentiated chemotherapy, significantly inhibiting tumor progression and dissemination to metastatic organs, even in tumors poorly responsive to DDP. EOC-PDX preclinical models with different responsiveness to Cediranib may help in identifying determinants of response to cediranib and mechanisms of adaptation to antiangiogenic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Decio
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastasis, Department of Oncology, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Stezzano 87, 24126 Bergamo and Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Cesca
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastasis, Department of Oncology, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Stezzano 87, 24126 Bergamo and Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Bizzaro
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastasis, Department of Oncology, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Stezzano 87, 24126 Bergamo and Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Porcu
- Laboratory of Methodology for Biomedical Research, Department of Oncology, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Rossana Bettolini
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastasis, Department of Oncology, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Stezzano 87, 24126 Bergamo and Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Ubezio
- Laboratory of Cancer Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Taraboletti
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastasis, Department of Oncology, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Stezzano 87, 24126 Bergamo and Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Dorina Belotti
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastasis, Department of Oncology, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Stezzano 87, 24126 Bergamo and Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy.
| | - Raffaella Giavazzi
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastasis, Department of Oncology, IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Stezzano 87, 24126 Bergamo and Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156, Milan, Italy.
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Zambelli V, Bellani G, Borsa R, Pozzi F, Grassi A, Scanziani M, Castiglioni V, Masson S, Decio A, Laffey JG, Latini R, Pesenti A. Angiotensin-(1-7) improves oxygenation, while reducing cellular infiltrate and fibrosis in experimental Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMID: 26215809 PMCID: PMC4512981 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-015-0044-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a role in the pathogenesis of ARDS, Angiotensin II (Ang-II) contributing to the pathogenesis of inflammation and fibrogenesis. Angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)) may antagonize the effects of Ang-II. This study was aimed at evaluating the potential for Ang-(1-7) to reduce injury, inflammation and fibrosis in an experimental model of ARDS in the acute and late phases. Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats underwent an instillation of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl, 2.5 ml/kg) into the right bronchus. In an acute ARDS study, acid-injured rats were subjected to high stretch mechanical ventilation (18 ml/kg) for 5 h and randomized to receive an intravenous infusion of either vehicle (saline), Ang-(1-7) at low dose(0.27 μg/kg/h) (ALD), or high dose (60 μg/kg/h) (AHD) starting simultaneously with injury or 2 h afterwards. Arterial blood gas analysis and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were performed to assess the injury. For the late ARDS study, after HCl instillation rats were randomized to either vehicle or high dose Ang-(1-7) (300 μg/kg/day) infused by mini osmotic pumps for two weeks, and lung hydroxyproline content measured. Results In the acute ARDS study, Ang-(1-7) led to a significant improvement in oxygenation (PaO2/FiO2 : vehicle 359 ± 86; ALD 436 ± 72; AHD 44 442 ± 56; ANOVA p = 0.007) and reduced white blood cells counts (vehicle 4,519 ± 2,234; ALD 2,496 ± 621; AHD 2,744 ± 119/mm3; ANOVA p = 0.004). Only treatment with high dose Ang-(1-7) reduced inflammatory cell numbers in BAL (vehicle 127 ± 34; AHD 96 ± 34/ μl; p = 0.033). Interestingly also delayed administration of Ang-(1-7) was effective in reducing injury. In later ARDS, Ang-(1-7) decreased hydroxyproline content (649 ± 202 and 1,117 ± 297 μg/lung; p < 0.05). Conclusions Angiotensin-(1-7), decreased the severity of acute lung injury and inflammation induced by combined acid aspiration and high stretch ventilation. Furthermore, continuous infusion of Ang-(1-7) reduced lung fibrosis 2 weeks following acid aspiration injury. These results call for further research on Ang-(1-7) as possible therapy for ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Zambelli
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy,
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Ricci F, Bizzaro F, Cesca M, Guffanti F, Ganzinelli M, Decio A, Ghilardi C, Perego P, Fruscio R, Buda A, Milani R, Ostano P, Chiorino G, Bani MR, Damia G, Giavazzi R. Patient-derived ovarian tumor xenografts recapitulate human clinicopathology and genetic alterations. Cancer Res 2014; 74:6980-90. [PMID: 25304260 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. On the basis of its histopathology and molecular-genomic changes, ovarian cancer has been divided into subtypes, each with distinct biology and outcome. The aim of this study was to develop a panel of patient-derived EOC xenografts that recapitulate the molecular and biologic heterogeneity of human ovarian cancer. Thirty-four EOC xenografts were successfully established, either subcutaneously or intraperitoneally, in nude mice. The xenografts were histologically similar to the corresponding patient tumor and comprised all the major ovarian cancer subtypes. After orthotopic transplantation in the bursa of the mouse ovary, they disseminate into the organs of the peritoneal cavity and produce ascites, typical of ovarian cancer. Gene expression analysis and mutation status indicated a high degree of similarity with the original patient and discriminate different subsets of xenografts. They were very responsive, responsive, and resistant to cisplatin, resembling the clinical situation in ovarian cancer. This panel of patient-derived EOC xenografts that recapitulate the recently type I and type II classification serves to study the biology of ovarian cancer, identify tumor-specific molecular markers, and develop novel treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ricci
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Bizzaro
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Cesca
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Guffanti
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Ganzinelli
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Decio
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmen Ghilardi
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Robert Fruscio
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Alessandro Buda
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Milani
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Paola Ostano
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia Valenta, Biella, Italy
| | - Giovanna Chiorino
- Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia Valenta, Biella, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Bani
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Damia
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.
| | - Raffaella Giavazzi
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.
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Decio A, Cesca M, Bizzaro F, Belotti D, Giavazzi R. Abstract 2994: Cediranib affects tumor progression and survival of mice bearing patient derived ovarian carcinoma xenografts (EOC-PDX). Cancer Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2014-2994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGFA/VEGFC) are over-expressed and secreted in large amount in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) (Maneneti et al, 2013; Decio et al, 2013). Cediranib, a potent inhibitor of VEGF receptor tyrosine kinases has recently shown to improve PFS and OS in women with recurrent platinum sensitive ovarian cancer (ICON6 trial).
The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of cediranib (AZD2171; AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, UK) on a platform of patient derived human ovarian carcinoma xenografts (EOC-PDX; n=12), which recapitulates the histopathological and fundamental genetic diversity of the patient tumors and the pharmacological heterogeneity of this type of cancer. The efficacy of cediranib alone and in combination with the-standard-of-care chemotherapy for ovarian cancer (platinum, DDP and paclitaxel, PTX) was investigated on EOC-PDX growing orthotopically and disseminating in the peritoneal cavity of nude mice. Tumor progression (tumor dissemination; soluble VEGFR) and overall survival were investigated.
The response of EOC-PDX to cediranib was heterogeneous with some tumors being extremely sensitive, other marginally responsive to the treatment (ILS from 12% to 85%); the length of response depended on the duration of the treatment. Cediranib was significantly active also on advanced stage tumor. Cediranib added to DDP based therapy improved the response to chemotherapy treatment without increase of toxicity; the sensitivity of the EOC-PDX to DDP (platinum sensitive vs. platinum resistant) determined the final outcome. The histopathological analysis at the end of treatment (interim) shows that the combination affected the spread of solid tumor into the peritoneal cavity and ascites formation.
The combination of cediranib with combined chemotherapy (DDP/PTX) was studied on one EOC-PDX platinum responsive. The addition of cediranib to DDP/PTX marginally increased the survival of the mice compared to chemotherapy; cediranib continued after chemotherapy (maintenance regimen for 60 days) significantly improved the survival of the mice, with 70% tumor free at the end of the treatment. These results show that the response to cediranib of EOC-PDX reflects the behavior in patients. The heterogeneous response of EOC-PDX to cediranib warrants further studies for better understanding the mechanism of response /resistance to this type of treatment.
AD is a fellow of the Italian Foundation for Cancer Research (FIRC).
Citation Format: Alessandra Decio, Marta Cesca, Francesca Bizzaro, Dorina Belotti, Raffaella Giavazzi. Cediranib affects tumor progression and survival of mice bearing patient derived ovarian carcinoma xenografts (EOC-PDX). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2994. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2994
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Decio
- 1IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Marta Cesca
- 2IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Bizzaro
- 2IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Dorina Belotti
- 1IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Bergamo, Italy
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Decio A, Taraboletti G, Patton V, Alzani R, Perego P, Fruscio R, Jürgensmeier JM, Giavazzi R, Belotti D. Vascular endothelial growth factor c promotes ovarian carcinoma progression through paracrine and autocrine mechanisms. Am J Pathol 2014; 184:1050-1061. [PMID: 24508126 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC) has been reported to promote tumor progression in several tumor types, mainly through the stimulation of lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis. However, the expression and biological significance of the VEGFC/VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-3 pathway in ovarian cancer growth and dissemination are unclear, and have been investigated in this study. Soluble VEGFC was detected in the plasma and ascites of patients with ovarian carcinoma, and VEGFR3 expression was found in their tumor tissues. In human ovarian carcinoma xenograft models, high levels of soluble VEGFC in ascites and serum were detected, in association with disease progression, tumor burden, and volume of ascites. Peak VEGFC expression preceded para-aortic lymph node infiltration by HOC8 neoplastic cells. Histological detection of tumor cells in blood and lymphatic vessels indicated both hematogenous and lymphatic dissemination. Overexpression of VEGFC in the VEGFR3-positive and luciferase-expressing IGROV1 cells promoted carcinoma dissemination after orthotopic transplantation in the ovary of immunodeficient mice. In vitro, VEGFC released by the tumor cells stimulated tumor cell migration in an autocrine manner. Cediranib, an inhibitor of VEGFR1-3 and c-kit, inhibited in vivo metastasis of VEGFC-overexpressing IGROV1 and in vitro autocrine effects. These findings suggest that the VEGFC/VEGFR3 pathway acts as an enhancer of ovarian cancer progression through autocrine and paracrine mechanisms, hence offering a potential target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Decio
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri (IRCCS; the Foundation of the Carlo Besta Neurological Institute), Bergamo and Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Taraboletti
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri (IRCCS; the Foundation of the Carlo Besta Neurological Institute), Bergamo and Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Robert Fruscio
- Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Juliane M Jürgensmeier
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Raffaella Giavazzi
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri (IRCCS; the Foundation of the Carlo Besta Neurological Institute), Bergamo and Milan, Italy.
| | - Dorina Belotti
- Department of Oncology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri (IRCCS; the Foundation of the Carlo Besta Neurological Institute), Bergamo and Milan, Italy
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Rovida A, Castiglioni V, Decio A, Scarlato V, Scanziani E, Giavazzi R, Cesca M. Chemotherapy Counteracts Metastatic Dissemination Induced by Antiangiogenic Treatment in Mice. Mol Cancer Ther 2013; 12:2237-47. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Decio A, Cesca M, Bizzaro F, Scarlato V, Ghilardi C, Bani MR, Giavazzi R. Abstract 5096: Heterogeneous response to antiangiogenic therapy in ovarian cancer xenografts: a tool to investigate biomarkers of resistance. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-5096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), one of the major player of tumor angiogenesis, is over-expressed and secreted in large amount in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients, thus the VEGF/VEGFR pathway represents an important therapeutic target for this malignancy. The VEGF neutralizing monoclonal antibody bevacizumab has shown activity in Phase III clinical trials when added to standard chemotherapy in first line treatment and on recurrent ovarian cancers. Also, small molecules, multiple-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKRI) are progressing into clinical development in ovarian cancer. Unfortunately, the benefit associated with this class of treatments is often limited and not durable. After an initial response, patients manifest disease progression and resistance; in other cases patients are inherently resistant to therapy.
With the aim to find biomarkers of resistance to antiangiogenic therapy, useful to stratify eligible patients for best response, here we investigated the antiangiogenic activity and the influence on tumor progression and survival of bevacizumab and a TKRI (anti-VEGFR1,2,3) in a panel (n=12) of patient derived EOC-xenografts, established in our laboratory. These xenografts show the different histopathological features observed in EOC patients and maintain the gene mutation profile of the tumor of origin. Transplanted orthotopically in nude mice they produce ascites, invade and metastasize the organ of the peritoneal cavity, thus reproducing the biology of the disease.
The response to bevacizumab and TKRI varied among the EOC-xenografts and allowed their classification in distinct groups: responsive to bevacizumab and TKRI, resistant to both, or responsive to one of the two. All the xenografts were tested for response to cisplatin and taxol, the standard-of-care treatment for EOC; their sensibility to the angiogenesis inhibitors was independent from the response to chemotherapy.
The expression and the release of soluble factors associated to tumor angiogenesis (e.g. VEGFA, VEGFC, VEGFRs) were analyzed as baseline and along the antiangiogenic treatments. The EOC-xenografts released VEGF in plasma and ascites, though a correlation with the response to treatments was not evident. At variance, the modulation of soluble VEGFR1,2 was associated to tumor progression and response to therapy.
Patient derived EOC-xenografts that retain the individual biological-pharmacological differences and genetic heterogeneity of the original tumor are an unique source for the preclinical analysis of new therapeutic strategies and for the discovery of associated biomarkers.
* A.D. fellow of the Italian Foundation for Cancer Research (FIRC)
Citation Format: Alessandra Decio, Marta Cesca, Francesca Bizzaro, Valentina Scarlato, Carmen Ghilardi, Maria Rosa Bani, Raffaella Giavazzi. Heterogeneous response to antiangiogenic therapy in ovarian cancer xenografts: a tool to investigate biomarkers of resistance. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5096. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5096
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Decio
- Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Cesca
- Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Carmen Ghilardi
- Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Bani
- Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
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Zecchini S, Bombardelli L, Decio A, Bianchi M, Mazzarol G, Sanguineti F, Aletti G, Maddaluno L, Berezin V, Bock E, Casadio C, Viale G, Colombo N, Giavazzi R, Cavallaro U. The adhesion molecule NCAM promotes ovarian cancer progression via FGFR signalling. EMBO Mol Med 2011; 3:480-94. [PMID: 21739604 PMCID: PMC3377089 DOI: 10.1002/emmm.201100152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) is an aggressive neoplasm, which mainly disseminates to organs of the peritoneal cavity, an event mediated by molecular mechanisms that remain elusive. Here, we investigated the expression and functional role of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), a cell surface glycoprotein involved in brain development and plasticity, in EOC. NCAM is absent from normal ovarian epithelium but becomes highly expressed in a subset of human EOC, in which NCAM expression is associated with high tumour grade, suggesting a causal role in cancer aggressiveness. We demonstrate that NCAM stimulates EOC cell migration and invasion in vitro and promotes metastatic dissemination in mice. This pro-malignant function of NCAM is mediated by its interaction with fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR). Indeed, not only FGFR signalling is required for NCAM-induced EOC cell motility, but targeting the NCAM/FGFR interplay with a monoclonal antibody abolishes the metastatic dissemination of EOC in mice. Our results point to NCAM-mediated stimulation of FGFR as a novel mechanism underlying EOC malignancy and indicate that this interplay may represent a valuable therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Zecchini
- IFOM - The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano, Italy
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Oliva P, Decio A, Castiglioni V, Bassi A, Belotti D, Bani MR, Giavazzi R. Abstract 3516: Combinations of chemotherapy with bevacizumab in a xenograft model of human ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-3516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancy in women of the Western countries. The standard first-line therapy for this type of tumor is the combination of paclitaxel (PTX) and carboplatin. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) performs as an angiogenic and permeability factor in ovarian cancer, and its over-expression has been associated with poor prognosis. Inhibition of malignant ascites and tumor growth has been shown by blocking the VEGF/VEGFR pathway. Early clinical studies with bevacizumab, the monoclonal antibody directed against VEGF, have demonstrated efficacy in ovarian carcinoma patients as single and combined treatment.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chemotherapy in combination with bevacizumab given at different regimens in an in vivo model of human ovarian carcinoma xenograft. Nude mice were transplanted intraperitoneally with 1A9-luc ovarian carcinoma cells, over-expressing luciferase, that allows to monitor the tumor growth and dissemination in the peritoneal cavity of the mice by bioluminescence imaging analysis.
Mice were treated with PTX (20 mg/kg) or cisplatin (DDP, 3 mg/kg) as single therapy or in combination; bevacizumab (150 µg/mouse) was given concurrently for 3 weeks and either continued after the suspension of chemotherapy (maintenance regimen) or stopped.
Untreated mice developed heavy tumor burden in the peritoneal cavity with a median survival time (MST) of approximately 24 days. PTX or DDP given alone only marginally affected the survival of the mice. The addition of bevacizumab to PTX or DDP significantly improved the survival of the mice with an increased life span (ILS) of 117% and 75% respectively; this was ameliorated by the continuation of bevacizumab treatment after chemotherapy (ILS = 158% and ILS = 100% respectively).
The combined administration of PTX and DDP plus bevacizumab further improved the survival of the mice (ILS>190%); most importantly, maintaining the treatment with bevacizumab (up to 90 days) after the suspension of chemotherapy resulted in tumor free mice. Monitoring the tumor burden by bioluminescence imaging analysis confirmed the different tumor response among the treatment groups.
These findings show a benefit from the combination of PTX/DDP plus bevacizumab in ovarian carcinoma, and are in favor of the maintenance regimen with bevacizumab.
Supported by AIRC and Fondazione Cariplo
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3516. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3516
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Oliva
- 1Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Decio
- 1Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Bassi
- 3Politecnico di Milano -Physics Department, Milan, Italy
| | - Dorina Belotti
- 1Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Bani
- 1Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
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Sagredo O, Ramos JA, Decio A, Mechoulam R, Fernández-Ruiz J. Cannabidiol reduced the striatal atrophy caused 3-nitropropionic acid in vivo by mechanisms independent of the activation of cannabinoid, vanilloid TRPV1 and adenosine A2A receptors. Eur J Neurosci 2007; 26:843-51. [PMID: 17672854 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05717.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The neuroprotective potential of cannabinoids has been examined in rats with striatal lesions caused by 3-nitropropionic acic (3NP), an inhibitor of mitochondrial complex II. We used the CB1 agonist arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide (ACEA), the CB2 agonist HU-308, and cannabidiol (CBD), an antioxidant phytocannabinoid with negligible affinity for cannabinoid receptors. The administration of 3NP reduced GABA contents and also mRNA levels for several markers of striatal GABAergic projection neurons, including proenkephalin (PENK), substance P (SP) and neuronal-specific enolase (NSE). We also found reductions in mRNA levels for superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) and -2 (SOD-2), which indicated that 3NP reduced the endogenous antioxidant defences. The administration of CBD, but not ACEA or HU-308, completely reversed 3NP-induced reductions in GABA contents and mRNA levels for SP, NSE and SOD-2, and partially attenuated those found in SOD-1 and PENK. This indicates that CBD is neuroprotective but acted preferentially on striatal neurons that project to the substantia nigra. The effects of CBD were not reversed by the CB1 receptor antagonist SR141716. The same happened with the TRPV1 receptor antagonist capsazepine, in concordance with the observation that capsaicin, a TRPV1 receptor agonist, failed to reproduce the CBD effects. The effects of CBD were also independent of adenosine signalling as they were not attenuated by the adenosine A2A receptor antagonist MSX-3. In summary, this study demonstrates that CBD provides neuroprotection against 3NP-induced striatal damage, which may be relevant for Huntington's disease, a disorder characterized by the preferential loss of striatal projection neurons. This capability seems to be based exclusively on the antioxidant properties of CBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onintza Sagredo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular III, Universidad Complutense, 28040-Madrid, Spain
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Sagredo O, García-Arencibia M, de Lago E, Finetti S, Decio A, Fernández-Ruiz J. Cannabinoids and neuroprotection in basal ganglia disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2007; 36:82-91. [PMID: 17952653 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-007-0004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2006] [Accepted: 03/19/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cannabinoids have been proposed as clinically promising neuroprotective molecules, as they are capable to reduce excitotoxicity, calcium influx, and oxidative injury. They are also able to decrease inflammation by acting on glial processes that regulate neuronal survival and to restore blood supply to injured area by reducing the vasoconstriction produced by several endothelium-derived factors. Through one or more of these processes, cannabinoids may provide neuroprotection in different neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson's disease and Huntington's chorea, two chronic diseases that are originated as a consequence of the degeneration of specific nuclei of basal ganglia, resulting in a deterioration of the control of movement. Both diseases have been still scarcely explored at the clinical level for a possible application of cannabinoids to delay the progressive degeneration of the basal ganglia. However, the preclinical evidence seems to be solid and promising. There are two key mechanisms involved in the neuroprotection by cannabinoids in experimental models of these two disorders: first, a cannabinoid receptor-independent mechanism aimed at producing a decrease in the oxidative injury and second, an induction/upregulation of cannabinoid CB2 receptors, mainly in reactive microglia, that is capable to regulate the influence of these glial cells on neuronal homeostasis. Considering the relevance of these preclinical data and the lack of efficient neuroprotective strategies in both disorders, we urge the development of further studies that allow that the promising expectatives generated for these molecules progress from the present preclinical evidence till a real clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onintza Sagredo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina III, Universidad Complutense, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Longo M, Previti A, Morello M, Greco C, Decio A, Pansini S, Morea M, Mangiardi ML. Usefulness of transesophageal echocardiography during open heart surgery of mitral stenosis. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 2000; 41:381-5. [PMID: 10952327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to verify if the use of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), by detecting mitral insufficiency or residual stenosis during surgery, may improve medium term results in patients with severe mitral stenosis who undergo open heart valvuloplasty. METHODS This prospective study included twenty-two patients (20 women and 2 men) with a mean age of 49+/-13 years with severe mitral stenosis. Mean follow-up was 32 months (range 12-55 months). All the patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography (TrE) before surgery and intraoperative TEE. Before surgery the mean transmitral gradient was 11+/-6.8 mmHg, the mean pressure half time (PHT) area was 0.89+/-0.19 cm2, the mean echo score was 8.9+/-2.2. Intraoperative TEE before the repair showed a mean echo score of 7.9+/-1.8. RESULTS Two patients with unsatisfactory repair at TEE underwent immediate valve replacement. In the remaining patients, mean transmitral gradient and PHT valve area before discharge was 5.2+/-3 mmHg and 2.5 cm2. No patients had more than trivial mitral regurgitation. During the follow-up two patients had to be reoperated. Patients with poor immediate (2 patients) or medium term results (2 patients), had a mean echocardiographic score of 12.24, while patients with a satisfactory medium term outcome had a mean score of 7.27 (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Intraoperative TEE may guide the surgeon in the assessment of valvuloplasty. However the absence of mitral regurgitation after repair and at discharge cannot predict the medium term results, which are related to the degree of the disease of the mitral valve.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Longo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Cardiology and of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Turin, Italy
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