Fear, stress, anxiety, depression and insomnia related to COVID-19 among undergraduate nursing students: An international survey

The emergence of COVID-19 has produced unprecedented change in daily life activities leading to major impacts on psychological wellbeing and sleep among individuals worldwide. The study aimed to assess levels of fear, stress, anxiety, depression, and insomnia among undergraduate nursing students in four countries two years after the start of the pandemic. An international, multi-centre cross-sectional electronic survey was conducted between December 2021 and April 2022. An on-line questionnaire was distributed via Qualtrics® and JISC® software. Instruments included the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Insomnia Severity Index, and a demographics and academic background questionnaire. The independent variables included demographic and academic backgrounds, while fear level, stress, anxiety, depression, and insomnia were the dependent variables. A total of 918 undergraduate nursing students from KSA, Oman, UK, and UAE were participants in the study. Students presented with stress (91.6%), anxiety (69.1%), depression (59.8%), and insomnia (73.2%). The participants' mean Fear of COVID-19 Scale score was 12.97 (SD = 6.14). There were significant positive relationships between fear of COVID-19, stress, anxiety, depression, and insomnia. Undergraduate nursing students experienced moderate to severe levels of Fear of COVID-19, stress, anxiety, depression, and insomnia two years after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological intervention and peer support are needed to reduce the long-term adverse outcomes of mental health problems and insomnia. It is important to introduce education about crisis management of infectious disease during pandemics into the nursing curriculum to increase student knowledge and improve their preparedness for such emergencies.

Prevalence of Sleep Disturbance in Patients With Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Sleep disturbance is one of the most common and troubling symptoms that harm the quality of life throughout all phases of treatment and stages of the illness among patients with cancer. The aim of this meta-analysis is to examine the present status of sleep disturbance prevalence in patients with cancer. The following databases were searched: PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, from inception to April 2021. Prevalence rates were pooled with meta-analysis using a random-effects model. A total of 160 studies (N = 46,279) published between 1998 and 2021 met the inclusion criteria. The overall prevalence of sleep disturbance was 60.7% (26,448/46,279 participants, 95% CI 58.1–63.3%) with significant heterogeneity between studies (p < .000, τ² = .0000, I² = 96.4%). This meta-analysis highlights the importance of developing optimal monitoring strategies to reduce sleep disturbance and improve the quality of life of cancer patients.

Remote Monitoring of a Work-From-Home Employee to Identify Stress: A Case Report

How do you assess the mental wellness of your work-from-home employees? This case study reports on how an occupational health nurse used work-from-home employee's own phone and Fitbit™ smartwatch to obtain heart rate data to screen for high periods of stress. Telemedicine and telemetry allowed the occupational health nurses to screen an employee when the nurse could not assess the employee face-to-face. When the occupational health nurses identified an at-risk employee, the occupational health nurses referred the employee to the Employee Assistance Program (EAP) for counseling. Leveraging heart rate data on a smartwatch is a free intervention that is scalable and has a demonstrated outcome measure with a positive return on investment.

Racial disparities in testicular cancer: impact on health promotion

The present study sought to determine to what extent there was a difference in ethnicity between age and stage of testicular cancer. The sample, from National Cancer Institute data, included 7,777 men with testicular cancer. A one-way ANOVA was used for significant differences among racial groups in age and stage of tumor at diagnosis. The main research variables were race, age at diagnosis, and tumor stage. Hispanic males were found to be diagnosed at the significantly youngest age (29.8 years old) and White males at the oldest age (35.0). Even with the oldest age at diagnosis, White males were diagnosed at the significantly lowest tumor stage (M = 2.3), which was highest for Black males (2.5). Minority males are diagnosed at the earliest age, yet their tumor stage is significantly higher than that for White males. Therefore nurses need to screen all males regardless of ethnicity for testicular cancer.