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Drefs M, Schoenberg MB, Börner N, Koliogiannis D, Koch DT, Schirren MJ, Andrassy J, Bazhin AV, Werner J, Guba MO. Changes of long-term survival of resection and liver transplantation in hepatocellular carcinoma throughout the years: A meta-analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol 2024; 50:107952. [PMID: 38237275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2024.107952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) still is one of the most detrimental malignant diseases in the world. As two curative surgical therapies exist, the discussion whether to opt for liver resection (LR) or transplantation (LT) is ongoing, especially as novel techniques to improve outcome have emerged for both. The aim of the study was to investigate how the utilization and outcome of the respective modalities changed through time. METHODS We searched Medline and PubMed for relevant publications comparing LT and LR in HCC patients during the time period from 1990 to 2022, prior to March 31, 2023. A total of 63 studies involving 19,804 patients - of whom 8178 patients received a liver graft and 11,626 underwent partial hepatectomy - were included in this meta-analysis. RESULTS LT is associated with significantly better 5-year overall survival (OS) (64.83%) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (70.20%) than LR (OS: 50.83%, OR: 1.79, p < 0.001; RFS: 34.46%, OR: 5.32, p < 0.001). However, these differences are not as evident in short-term intervals. Older cohorts showed comparable disparities between the outcome of the respective modalities, as did newer cohorts after 2005. This might be due to the similar improvement in survival rates that were observed for both, LT (15-23%) and LR (12-20%) during the last 30 years. CONCLUSION LT still outperforms LR in the therapy of HCC in terms of long-term survival rates. Yet, LR outcome has remarkably improved which is of major importance in reference to the well-known limitations that occur in LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Drefs
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany.
| | - Markus B Schoenberg
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany; Medical Centers Gollierplatz and Nymphenburg, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Börner
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Dionysios Koliogiannis
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik T Koch
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Malte J Schirren
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Andrassy
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Germany; Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich, Germany
| | - Markus O Guba
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; Transplantation Center Munich, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
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Shapourian H, Ghanadian M, Eskandari N, Shokouhi A, Demirel GY, Bazhin AV, Ganjalikhani-Hakemi M. TIM-3/Galectin-9 interaction and glutamine metabolism in AML cell lines, HL-60 and THP-1. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:125. [PMID: 38267906 PMCID: PMC10809689 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11898-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) is a cell surface molecule that was first discovered on T cells. However, recent studies revealed that it is also highly expressed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells and it is related to AML progression. As, Glutamine appears to play a prominent role in malignant tumor progression, especially in their myeloid group, therefore, in this study we aimed to evaluate the relation between TIM-3/Galectin-9 axis and glutamine metabolism in two types of AML cell lines, HL-60 and THP-1. METHODS Cell lines were cultured in RPMI 1640 which supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% antibiotics. 24, 48, and 72 h after addition of recombinant Galectin-9 (Gal-9), RT-qPCR analysis, RP-HPLC and gas chromatography techniques were performed to evaluate the expression of glutaminase (GLS), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) enzymes, concentration of metabolites; Glutamate (Glu) and alpha-ketoglutarate (α-KG) in glutaminolysis pathway, respectively. Western blotting and MTT assay were used to detect expression of mammalian target of rapamycin complex (mTORC) as signaling factor, GLS protein and cell proliferation rate, respectively. RESULTS The most mRNA expression of GLS and GDH in HL-60 cells was seen at 72 h after Gal-9 treatment (p = 0.001, p = 0.0001) and in THP-1 cell line was observed at 24 h after Gal-9 addition (p = 0.001, p = 0.0001). The most mTORC and GLS protein expression in HL-60 and THP-1 cells was observed at 72 and 24 h after Gal-9 treatment (p = 0.0001), respectively. MTT assay revealed that Gal-9 could promote cell proliferation rate in both cell lines (p = 0.001). Glu concentration in HL-60 and α-KG concentration in both HL-60 (p = 0.03) and THP-1 (p = 0.0001) cell lines had a decreasing trend. But, Glu concentration had an increasing trend in THP-1 cell line (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSION Taken together, this study suggests TIM-3/Gal-9 interaction could promote glutamine metabolism in HL-60 and THP-1 cells and resulting in AML development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooriyeh Shapourian
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mustafa Ghanadian
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nahid Eskandari
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Shokouhi
- Department of Endocrine and metabolism research center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mazdak Ganjalikhani-Hakemi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Duan R, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt VH, Kakoschke SC, Schardey J, Wirth U, Albertsmeier M, Renz BW, Andrassy J, Bazhin AV, Hodin RA, Werner J, Ilmer M, Kühn F. Effect of Surgery on Postoperative Levels of the Gut Homeostasis-Regulating Enzyme Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase. J Am Coll Surg 2024; 238:70-80. [PMID: 37870235 DOI: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000000879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal homeostasis is a crucial factor for complication-free short- and long-term postoperative recovery. The brush border enzyme intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) is an important regulator of gut barrier function and intestinal homeostasis and prevents endotoxemia by detoxifying lipopolysaccharides (LPSs). As IAP is predominantly secreted by enterocytes in the duodenum, we hypothesized that pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) leads to a significantly stronger decrease in IAP than other major abdominal surgery. STUDY DESIGN Pre- and postoperative blood, stool, and intestinal samples were collected from patients undergoing PD, as well as other major surgical procedures without duodenectomy. The samples were analyzed using enzyme histochemistry, the para -nitrophenyl phosphate method for IAP, and the limulus amebocyte lysate assay for LPS. RESULTS Overall, 88 patients were prospectively enrolled in the study. Fecal IAP activity negatively correlated with serum LPS (r = -0.3603, p = 0.0006). PD led to a significant decline in IAP compared to preoperative baseline levels (p < 0.0001). The decline in IAP correlated with the length of proximal small intestinal resection (r = 0.4271, p = 0.0034). Compared to controls, PD was associated with a much more pronounced reduction in IAP-also after adjusting for surgical trauma (operative time, blood loss; r = 0.4598, p = 0.0086). Simultaneously, PD triggered a clearly more prominent increase in serum LPS compared to controls (p = 0.0001). Increased postoperative LPS was associated with an elongated hospitalization (r = 0.7534, p = 0.0062) and more prominent in pancreatic cancer (p = 0.0009). CONCLUSIONS Based upon the functional roles for IAP, supplementation with exogenous IAP might be a new treatment option to improve short- and long-term outcome after PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Duan
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
| | - Viktor H von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
| | - Sara C Kakoschke
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
| | - Josefine Schardey
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
| | - Ulrich Wirth
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
| | - Markus Albertsmeier
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
| | - Bernhard W Renz
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany (Renz, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer, Kühn)
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany (Renz, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer, Kühn)
| | - Joachim Andrassy
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany (Renz, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer, Kühn)
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany (Renz, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer, Kühn)
| | - Richard A Hodin
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (Hodin)
| | - Jens Werner
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany (Renz, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer, Kühn)
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany (Renz, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer, Kühn)
| | - Matthias Ilmer
- From the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (Duan, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt, Kakoschke, Schardey, Wirth, Albertsmeier, Renz, Andrassy, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany (Renz, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer, Kühn)
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany (Renz, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer, Kühn)
| | - Florian Kühn
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany (Renz, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer, Kühn)
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany (Renz, Bazhin, Werner, Ilmer, Kühn)
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Koch DT, Yu H, Beirith I, Schirren M, Drefs M, Liu Y, Knoblauch M, Koliogiannis D, Sheng W, De Toni EN, Bazhin AV, Renz BW, Guba MO, Werner J, Ilmer M. Tigecycline causes loss of cell viability mediated by mitochondrial OXPHOS and RAC1 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. J Transl Med 2023; 21:876. [PMID: 38041179 PMCID: PMC10693093 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04615-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite recent advances in locoregional, systemic, and novel checkpoint inhibitor treatment, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still associated with poor prognosis. The feasibility of potentially curative liver resection (LR) and transplantation (LT) is limited by the underlying liver disease and a shortage of organ donors. Especially after LR, high recurrence rates present a problem and circulating tumor cells are a major cause of extrahepatic recurrence. Tigecycline, a commonly used glycylcycline antibiotic, has been shown to have antitumorigenic effects and could be used as a perioperative and adjuvant therapeutic strategy to target circulating tumor cells. We aimed to investigate the effect of tigecycline on HCC cell lines and its mechanisms of action. METHODS Huh7, HepG2, Hep3B, and immortalized hepatocytes underwent incubation with clinically relevant tigecycline concentrations, and the influence on proliferation, migration, and invasion was assessed in two- and three-dimensional in vitro assays, respectively. Bioinformatic analysis was used to identify specific targets of tigecycline. The expression of RAC1 was detected using western blot, RT-PCR and RNA sequencing. ELISA and flow cytometry were utilized to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation upon tigecycline treatment and flow cytometry to detect alterations in cell cycle. Changes in mitochondrial function were detected via seahorse analysis. RNA sequencing was performed to examine involved pathways. RESULTS Tigecycline treatment resulted in a significant reduction of mitochondrial function with concomitantly preserved mitochondrial size, which preceded the observed decrease in HCC cell viability. The sensitivity of HCC cells to tigecycline treatment was higher than that of immortalized non-cancerous THLE-2 hepatocytes. Tigecycline inhibited both migratory and invasive properties. Tigecycline application led to an increase of detected ROS and an S-phase cell cycle arrest. Bioinformatic analysis identified RAC1 as a likely target for tigecycline and the expression of this molecule was increased in HCC cells as a result of tigecycline treatment. CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence for the antiproliferative effect of tigecycline in HCC. We show for the first time that this effect, likely to be mediated by reduced mitochondrial function, is associated with increased expression of RAC1. The reported effects of tigecycline with clinically relevant and achievable doses on HCC cells lay the groundwork for a conceivable use of this agent in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik T Koch
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Transplantation Center Munich, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Liver Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Haochen Yu
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Iris Beirith
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Malte Schirren
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Transplantation Center Munich, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Liver Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz Drefs
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Transplantation Center Munich, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Liver Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yunfei Liu
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathilda Knoblauch
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Dionysios Koliogiannis
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Transplantation Center Munich, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Liver Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Weiwei Sheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Enrico N De Toni
- Liver Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKTK Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard W Renz
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKTK Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
- Transplantation Center Munich, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Liver Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich, Germany
| | - Markus O Guba
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Transplantation Center Munich, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Liver Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKTK Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
- Transplantation Center Munich, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Liver Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Ilmer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKTK Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Transplantation Center Munich, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Liver Center Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich, Germany.
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Rezaei M, Ghanadian M, Ghezelbash B, Shokouhi A, Bazhin AV, Zamyatnin AA, Ganjalikhani-Hakemi M. TIM-3/Gal-9 interaction affects glucose and lipid metabolism in acute myeloid leukemia cell lines. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1267578. [PMID: 38022614 PMCID: PMC10667689 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1267578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3) is a transmembrane molecule first identified as an immunoregulator. This molecule is also expressed on leukemic cells in acute myeloid leukemia and master cell survival and proliferation. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of TIM-3 interaction with its ligand galectin-9 (Gal-9) on glucose and lipid metabolism in AML cell lines. Methods HL-60 and THP-1 cell lines, representing M3 and M5 AML subtypes, respectively, were cultured under appropriate conditions. The expression of TIM-3 on the cell surface was ascertained by flow cytometric assay. We used real-time PCR to examine the mRNA expression of GLUT-1, HK-2, PFKFB-3, G6PD, ACC-1, ATGL, and CPT-1A; colorimetric assays to measure the concentration of glucose, lactate, GSH, and the enzymatic activity of G6PD; MTT assay to determine cellular proliferation; and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to designate FFAs. Results We observed the significant upregulated expression of GLUT-1, HK-2, PFKFB-3, ACC-1, CPT-1A, and G6PD and the enzymatic activity of G6PD in a time-dependent manner in the presence of Gal-9 compared to the PMA and control groups in both HL-60 and THP-1 cell lines (p > 0.05). Moreover, the elevation of extracellular free fatty acids, glucose consumption, lactate release, the concentration of cellular glutathione (GSH) and cell proliferation were significantly higher in the presence of Gal-9 compared to the PMA and control groups in both cell lines (p < 0.05). Conclusion TIM-3/Gal-9 ligation on AML cell lines results in aerobic glycolysis and altered lipid metabolism and also protects cells from oxidative stress, all in favor of leukemic cell survival and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Rezaei
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mustafa Ghanadian
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Behrooz Ghezelbash
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Shokouhi
- Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Scientific Center for Translation Medicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mazdak Ganjalikhani-Hakemi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Knoblauch M, Ma T, Beirith I, Koch D, Hofmann F, Heinrich K, Aghamaliev U, Sirtl S, Westphalen CB, Nieß H, Reichert M, Angele MK, Regel I, Bazhin AV, Werner J, Ilmer M, Renz BW. In-vitro model to mimic T cell subset change in human PDAC organoid co-culture. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:13051-13064. [PMID: 37470855 PMCID: PMC10587248 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05100-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Immunotherapies have largely failed as treatment options for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In this field, clinical translational studies into personalized treatment are of fundamental importance. In our study, we model tumor-cell immune-cell interactions in a co-culture of primary human PDAC organoids and matched peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). METHODS Using flow cytometry, we evaluated changes in T cell subtypes upon co-culture of patient-derived PDAC organoids and matched PBMCs. RESULTS After co-culturing PDAC organoids with PBMCs, we observed changes in CD4+, CD8+ and Treg cell populations. We observed favorable clinical outcome in patients whose PBMCs reacted to the co-culture with organoids. CONCLUSION This experimental model allows to investigate interactions between patient derived PDAC organoids and their PBMCs. This co-culture system could serve as a preclinical platform to guide personalized therapeutic strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Knoblauch
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T Ma
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - I Beirith
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - D Koch
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - F Hofmann
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - K Heinrich
- Department of Hematology/Oncology and Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich, LMU University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - U Aghamaliev
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - S Sirtl
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Bavarian Centre for Cancer Research (Bayerisches Zentrum Für Krebsforschung), Munich, Germany
| | - C B Westphalen
- Department of Hematology/Oncology and Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich, LMU University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - H Nieß
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - M Reichert
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Translational Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Center for Functional Protein Assemblies (CPA), Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
- Center for Organoid Systems (COS), Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
- Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering (MIBE), Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - M K Angele
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - I Regel
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Bavarian Centre for Cancer Research (Bayerisches Zentrum Für Krebsforschung), Munich, Germany
| | - A V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Ilmer
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Bernhard W Renz
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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7
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Schardey J, Lu C, Neumann J, Wirth U, Li Q, Jiang T, Zimmermann P, Andrassy J, Bazhin AV, Werner J, Kühn F. Differential Immune Infiltration Profiles in Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer versus Sporadic Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4743. [PMID: 37835436 PMCID: PMC10571767 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation is a significant factor in colorectal cancer (CRC) development, especially in colitis-associated CRC (CAC). T-cell exhaustion is known to influence inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) progression and antitumor immunity in IBD patients. This study aimed to identify unique immune infiltration characteristics in CAC patients. METHODS We studied 20 CAC and 20 sporadic CRC (sCRC) patients, who were matched by tumor stage, grade, and location. Immunohistochemical staining targeted various T-cell markers (CD3, CD4, CD8, and FOXP3), T-cell exhaustion markers (TOX and TIGIT), a B-cell marker (CD20), and a neutrophil marker (CD66b) in tumor and tumor-free mucosa from both groups. The quantification of the tumor immune stroma algorithm assessed immune-infiltrating cells. RESULTS CAC patients had significantly lower TOX+ cell infiltration than sCRC in tumors (p = 0.02) and paracancerous tissues (p < 0.01). Right-sided CAC showed increased infiltration of TOX+ cells (p = 0.01), FOXP3+ regulatory T-cells (p < 0.01), and CD20+ B-cells (p < 0.01) compared to left-sided CAC. In sCRC, higher tumor stages (III and IV) had significantly lower TIGIT+ infiltrate than stages I and II. In CAC, high CD3+ (p < 0.01) and CD20+ (p < 0.01) infiltrates correlated with improved overall survival. In sCRC, better survival was associated with decreased TIGIT+ cells (p < 0.038) and reduced CD8+ infiltrates (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION In CAC, high CD3+ and CD20+ infiltrates relate to improved survival, while this association is absent in sCRC. The study revealed marked differences in TIGIT and TOX expression, emphasizing distinctions between CAC and sCRC. T-cell exhaustion appears to have a different role in CAC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine Schardey
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Can Lu
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for CANCER & Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jens Neumann
- Department of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Wirth
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Tianxiao Jiang
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Petra Zimmermann
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Andrassy
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Kühn
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
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8
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Wang J, Koch DT, Hofmann FO, Härtwig D, Beirith I, Janssen KP, Bazhin AV, Niess H, Werner J, Renz BW, Ilmer M. WNT enhancing signals in pancreatic cancer are transmitted by LGR6. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:10897-10914. [PMID: 37770230 PMCID: PMC10637827 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The G-protein-coupled receptor LGR6 associates with ligands of the R-Spondin (RSPO) family to potentiate preexisting signals of the canonical WNT pathway. However, its importance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. Here, we show that LGR6 is differentially expressed in various PDAC cell lines of mesenchymal and epithelial phenotype, respectively, siding with the latter subsets. LGR6 expression is altered based upon the cells' WNT activation status. Furthermore, extrinsic enhancement of WNT pathway signaling increased LGR6 expression suggestive of a reinforcing self-regulatory loop in highly WNT susceptible cells. Downregulation of LGR6 on the other hand, seemed to tamper those effects. Last, downregulation of LGR6 reduced cancer stemness as determined by functional in vitro assays. These findings shed new insights into regulatory mechanisms for the canonical WNT pathway in pancreatic cancer cells. It may also have potential value for treatment stratification of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Bavaria, Germany
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Dominik T. Koch
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Felix O. Hofmann
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Daniel Härtwig
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Iris Beirith
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Klaus Peter Janssen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Bavaria, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), LMU Munich, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Hanno Niess
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Bavaria, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), LMU Munich, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Bernhard W. Renz
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Bavaria, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), LMU Munich, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Matthias Ilmer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Bavaria, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), LMU Munich, Munich, Bavaria, Germany
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9
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Li C, Wirth U, Schardey J, Ehrlich-Treuenstätt VV, Bazhin AV, Werner J, Kühn F. An immune-related gene prognostic index for predicting prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1156488. [PMID: 37483596 PMCID: PMC10358773 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1156488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common solid malignant burdens worldwide. Cancer immunology and immunotherapy have become fundamental areas in CRC research and treatment. Currently, the method of generating Immune-Related Gene Prognostic Indices (IRGPIs) has been found to predict patient prognosis as an immune-related prognostic biomarker in a variety of tumors. However, their role in patients with CRC remains mostly unknown. Therefore, we aimed to establish an IRGPI for prognosis evaluation in CRC. Methods RNA-sequencing data and clinical information of CRC patients were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases as training and validation sets, respectively. Immune-related gene data was obtained from the ImmPort and InnateDB databases. The weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify hub immune-related genes. An IRGPI was then constructed using Cox regression methods. Based on the median risk score of IRGPI, patients could be divided into high-risk and low-risk groups. To further investigate the immunologic differences, Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) studies were conducted. In addition, immune cell infiltration and related functional analysis were used to identify the differential immune cell subsets and related functional pathways. Results We identified 49 immune-related genes associated with the prognosis of CRC, 17 of which were selected for an IRGPI. The IRGPI model significantly differentiates the survival rates of CRC patients in the different groups. The IRGPI as an independent prognostic factor significantly correlates with clinico-pathological factors such as age and tumor stage. Furthermore, we developed a nomogram to improve the clinical utility of the IRGPI score. Immuno-correlation analysis in different IRGPI groups revealed distinct immune cell infiltration (CD4+ T cells resting memory) and associated pathways (macrophages, Type I IFNs responses, iDCs.), providing new insights into the tumor microenvironment. At last, drug sensitivity analysis revealed that the high-risk IRGPI group was sensitive to 11 and resistant to 15 drugs. Conclusion Our study established a promising immune-related risk model for predicting survival in CRC patients. This could help to better understand the correlation between immunity and the prognosis of CRC providing a new perspective for personalized treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Wirth
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Josefine Schardey
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Kühn
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich, Germany
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10
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Lu C, Zhang X, Schardey J, Wirth U, Heinrich K, Massiminio L, Cavestro GM, Neumann J, Bazhin AV, Werner J, Kühn F. Molecular characteristics of microsatellite stable early-onset colorectal cancer as predictors of prognosis and immunotherapeutic response. NPJ Precis Oncol 2023; 7:63. [PMID: 37393364 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-023-00414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC, in patients younger than 50) is increasing worldwide. The specific gene signatures in EO-CRC patients are largely unknown. Since EO-CRC with microsatellite instability is frequently associated with Lynch syndrome, we aimed to comprehensively characterize the tumor microenvironment (TME) and gene expression profiles of EO-CRC with microsatellite stable (MSS-EO-CRC). Here, we demonstrated that MSS-EO-CRC has a similar pattern of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, immunotherapeutic responses, consensus molecular subtypes, and prognosis as late-onset CRC with MSS (MSS-LO-CRC). 133 differential expressed genes were identified as unique gene signatures of MSS-EO-CRC. Moreover, we established a risk score, which was positively associated with PD-L1 expression and could reflect both the level of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and the prognosis of MSS-EO-CRC patients. Application of this score on the anti-PD-L1 treatment cohort demonstrated that the low-risk score group has significant therapeutic advantages and clinical benefits. In addition, candidate driver genes were identified in the different-sidedness of MSS-EO-CRC patients. Altogether, MSS-EO-CRC exhibits distinct molecular profiles that differ from MSS-LO-CRC even though they have a similar TME characterization and survival pattern. Our risk score appears to be robust enough to predict prognosis and immunotherapeutic response and therefore could help to optimize the treatment of MSS-EO-CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Lu
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for CANCER & Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Josefine Schardey
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Wirth
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Heinrich
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Luca Massiminio
- Experimental Gastroenterology Laboratory, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Martina Cavestro
- Experimental Gastroenterology Laboratory, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Jens Neumann
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Kühn
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany.
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11
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Zhang H, Zhai X, Liu Y, Xia Z, Xia T, Du G, Zhou H, Franziska Strohmer D, Bazhin AV, Li Z, Wang X, Jin B, Guo D. NOP2-mediated m5C Modification of c-Myc in an EIF3A-Dependent Manner to Reprogram Glucose Metabolism and Promote Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression. Research (Wash D C) 2023; 6:0184. [PMID: 37398932 PMCID: PMC10313139 DOI: 10.34133/research.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and glycolysis activation are improtant hallmarks of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NOP2 is an S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that regulates the cell cycle and proliferation activities. In this study, found that NOP2 contributes to HCC progression by promoting aerobic glycolysis. Our results revealed that NOP2 was highly expressed in HCC and that it was associated with unfavorable prognosis. NOP2 knockout in combination with sorafenib enhanced sorafenib sensitivity, which, in turn, led to marked tumor growth inhibition. Mechanistically, we identified that NOP2 regulates the c-Myc expression in an m5C-modification manner to promote glycolysis. Moreover, our results revealed that m5C methylation induced c-Myc mRNA degradation in an eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit A (EIF3A)-dependent manner. In addition, NOP2 was found to increase the expression of the glycolytic genes LDHA, TPI1, PKM2, and ENO1. Furthermore, MYC associated zinc finger protein (MAZ) was identified as the major transcription factor that directly controlled the expression of NOP2 in HCC. Notably, in a patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) model, adenovirus-mediated knockout of NOP2 maximized the antitumor effect and prolonged the survival of PDX-bearing mice. Our cumulative findings revealed the novel signaling pathway MAZ/NOP2/c-Myc in HCC and uncovered the important roles of NOP2 and m5C modifications in metabolic reprogramming. Therefore, targeting the MAZ/NOP2/c-Myc signaling pathway is suggested to be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery,
Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery,
The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Organ Transplant Department,
Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery,
The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Organ Transplant Department,
Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery,
Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhijia Xia
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery,
Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tong Xia
- Organ Transplant Department,
Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Gang Du
- Organ Transplant Department,
Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Huaxin Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery,
The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dorothee Franziska Strohmer
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery,
Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery,
Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ziqiang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery,
Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianqiang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics Surgery,
The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, National Engineering Laboratory for Birth Defects Prevention and Control of Key Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Organ Failure, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery,
The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Organ Transplant Department,
Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Deliang Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery,
Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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12
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Soltani M, Ghanadian M, Ghezelbash B, Shokouhi A, Zamyatnin AA, Bazhin AV, Ganjalikhani-Hakemi M. PD-L1 stimulation can promote proliferation and survival of leukemic cells by influencing glucose and fatty acid metabolism in acute myeloid leukemia. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:447. [PMID: 37193972 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10947-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukemic cell metabolism plays significant roles in their proliferation and survival. These metabolic adaptations are under regulation by different factors. Programmed Death Ligand -1 (CD-274) is one of the immune checkpoint ligands that do not only cause the immune escape of cancer cells, but also have some intracellular effects in these cells. PD-L1 is overexpressed on leukemic stem cells and relates with poor prognosis of AML. In this study, we investigated effects of PD-L1 stimulation on critical metabolic pathways of glucose and fatty acid metabolisms that have important roles in proliferation and survival of leukemic cells. METHODS After confirmation of PD-L1 expression by flow cytometry assay, we used recombinant protein PD-1 for stimulation of the PD-L1 on two AML cell lines, HL-60 and THP-1. Then we examined the effect of PD-L1 stimulation on glucose and fatty acid metabolism in cells at the genomic and metabolomic levels in a time dependent manner. We investigated expression changes of rate limiting enzymes of theses metabolic pathways (G6PD, HK-2, CPT1A, ATGL1 and ACC1) by qRT-PCR and also the relative abundance changes of free fatty acids of medium by GC. RESULTS We identified a correlation between PD-L1 stimulation and both fatty acid and glucose metabolism. The PD-L1 stimulated cells showed an influence in the pentose phosphate pathway and glycolysis by increasing expression of G6PD and HK-2 (P value = 0.0001). Furthermore, PD-L1 promoted fatty acid β-oxidation by increasing expression of CPT1A (P value = 0.0001), however, their fatty acid synthesis was decreased by reduction of ACC1 expression (P value = 0.0001). CONCLUSION We found that PD-L1 can promote proliferation and survival of AML stem cells probably through some metabolic changes in leukemic cells. Pentose phosphate pathway that has a critical role in cell proliferation and fatty acids β-oxidation that promote cell survival, both are increased by PD-L1 stimulation on AML cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojdeh Soltani
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mustafa Ghanadian
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Behrooz Ghezelbash
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Shokouhi
- Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Immunology Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mazdak Ganjalikhani-Hakemi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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13
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Aghamaliyev U, Su K, Weniger M, Koch D, D'Haese JG, Werner J, Bazhin AV. SPOCK2 gene expression is downregulated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells and correlates with prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023:10.1007/s00432-023-04845-5. [PMID: 37188984 PMCID: PMC10374688 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04845-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) represents a widespread form of malignant pancreatic neoplasms and a leading oncologic cause of death in Europe and the USA. Despite advances in understanding its molecular biology, the 5-year survival rate remains low at 10%. The extracellular matrix in PDAC contains proteins, including SPOCK2, which are essential for tumorigenicity and drug resistance. The present study aims to explore the possible role of SPOCK2 in the pathogenesis of PDAC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression of SPOCK2 was evaluated in 7 PDAC cell lines and 1 normal pancreatic cell line using quantitative RT-PCR. Demethylation of the gene was carried out using 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC) treatment with subsequent validation Western Blot analysis. In vitro downregulation of SPOCK2 gene was performed using siRNA transfection. MTT and transwell assays were employed to evaluate the impact of the SPOK2 demethylation on the proliferation and migration of PDAC cells. KM Plotter was applied to analyze a correlation between SPOCK2 mRNA expression and the survival of PDAC patients. RESULTS In contrast to the normal pancreatic cell line, SPOCK2 expression was significantly downregulated in PDAC cell lines. Treatment with 5-aza-dC, led to increase in SPOCK2 expression in the cell lines tested. Importantly, compared with control cells, transfected with SPOCK2 siRNA cells exhibited increased growth rates and more migration ability. Finally, we demonstrated that a high SPOCK2 expression level correlated with longer overall survival of patients with PDAC. CONCLUSION The expression of SPOCK2 is downregulated in PDAC as a result of hypermethylation of its corresponding gene. SPOCK2 expression as well as the demethylation of its gene could be a potential marker for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ughur Aghamaliyev
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Kaifeng Su
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Weniger
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Koch
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan G D'Haese
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Hospital of the University of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Erlangen, Germany.
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14
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Li Q, Weitz J, Li C, Schardey J, Weiss L, Wirth U, Zimmermann P, Bazhin AV, Werner J, Kühn F. Smoking as a risk factor for colorectal neoplasms in young individuals? A systematic meta-analysis. Int J Colorectal Dis 2023; 38:114. [PMID: 37147435 PMCID: PMC10163071 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-023-04405-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Early-onset colorectal neoplasms (EoCRN) include both benign and malign colorectal tumors, which occur before the age of 50. The incidence of EoCRN is rising worldwide. Tobacco smoking has previously been proven to be related to the development of various tumor types. However, its relationship with EoCRN is not clearly defined. Hence, we carried out a systematic review and a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between smoking status and the risk of EoCRN. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science up to September 7, 2022, was performed for studies that evaluated the association of smoking status with EoCRN. The quality of the case-control study was evaluated with the Newcastle‒Ottawa Scale. The quality of the cross-sectional studies was evaluated with the American Health Care Research and Quality checklist. Fixed-effects models were used to pool odds ratios (ORs) to evaluate the relationship between the risk of developing EoCRN and smoking status. The meta-analyses were performed with Review Manager version 5.4, and funnel plots and publication bias tests were produced by STATA software. RESULTS A total of six studies were included in this meta-analysis. After pooling the results of these six studies, we found that current smokers carry a relatively high risk of developing EoCRN (OR, 1.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-1.52) compared to never-smokers. Ex-smokers were not at a significantly increased risk for developing EoCRN (OR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.86-1.18). DISCUSSION Smoking behavior is significantly associated with an increased risk for developing EoCRN and might be one of the reasons for the increasing incidence. Ex-smokers who quit are not at significant risk of developing EoCRN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jutta Weitz
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Chao Li
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Josefine Schardey
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Lena Weiss
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Wirth
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Petra Zimmermann
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Kühn
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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15
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Li Q, von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt V, Schardey J, Wirth U, Zimmermann P, Andrassy J, Bazhin AV, Werner J, Kühn F. Gut Barrier Dysfunction and Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides in Colorectal Cancer. J Gastrointest Surg 2023:10.1007/s11605-023-05654-4. [PMID: 36973501 PMCID: PMC10366024 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-023-05654-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is known to be an essential driver of various types of cancer. An increasing number of studies have suggested that the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer (CRC) are linked to the inflammatory microenvironment of the intestine. This assumption is further supported by the fact that patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are more likely to develop CRC. Multiple studies in mice and humans have shown that preoperative systemic inflammatory response is predictive of cancer recurrence after potentially curative resection. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are membrane surface markers of gram-negative bacteria, which induce gut barrier dysfunction and inflammation and might be significantly involved in the occurrence and development of CRC. METHODS A selective literature search was conducted in Medline and PubMed, using the terms "Colorectal Cancer", "Gut Barrier", "Lipopolysaccharides", and "Inflammation". RESULTS Disruption of intestinal homeostasis, including gut barrier dysfunction, is linked to increased LPS levels and is a critical factor for chronic inflammation. LPS can activate the diverse nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway via Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) to promote the inflammatory response, which aggravates gut barrier dysfunction and encourages CRC development. An intact gut barrier prevents antigens and bacteria from crossing the intestinal endothelial layer and entering circulation. In contrast, a damaged gut barrier triggers inflammatory responses and increases susceptibility to CRC. Thus, targeting LPS and the gut barrier might be a promising novel therapeutic approach for additional treatment of CRC. CONCLUSION Gut barrier dysfuction and bacterial LPS seem to play an important role in the pathogenesis and disease progression of colorectal cancer and therefore require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Viktor von Ehrlich-Treuenstätt
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Josefine Schardey
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Wirth
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Petra Zimmermann
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Andrassy
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Kühn
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Partner Site Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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16
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Schoenberg MB, Han Y, Li X, Li X, Bucher JN, Börner N, Koch D, Guba MO, Werner J, Bazhin AV. Dynamics of Peripheral Blood Immune Cells during the Perioperative Period after Digestive System Resections: A Systematic Analysis of the Literature. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12020718. [PMID: 36675647 PMCID: PMC9866033 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12020718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
An operation in itself is a kind of trauma and may lead to immunosuppression followed by a bounce back. Not many studies exist that describe dynamics of the distribution of peripheral blood (PB) immune cells during the perioperative period. Considering this scarcity, we aggregated the data on the dynamics of immune cells in patients with digestive system resections during the perioperative period and the relationship with short- and long-term prognoses. By the systematic retrieval of documents, we collected perioperative period data on white blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, helper T cells (Th), B cells, natural killer cells (NK), dendritic cells (DCs), regulatory T cells (Tregs), regulatory B cells (Bregs), and Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC). The frequency and distribution of these immune cells and the relationship with the patient's prognosis were summarized. A total of 1916 patients' data were included. Compared with before surgery, WBC, lymphocytes, CD4+ cells, CD8+ T cells, MDSC, and NK cells decreased after surgery, and then returned to preoperative levels. After operation DCs increased, then gradually recovered to the preoperative level. No significant changes were found in B cell levels during the perioperative period. Compared with the preoperative time-point, Tregs and Bregs both increased postoperatively. Only high levels of the preoperative and/or postoperative NLR were found to be related to the patient's prognosis. In summary, the surgery itself can cause changes in peripheral blood immune cells, which might change the immunogenicity. Therefore, the immunosuppression caused by the surgical trauma should be minimized. In oncological patients this might even influence long-term results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Bo Schoenberg
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Medical Center Gollierplatz, 80339 Munich, Germany
| | - Yongsheng Han
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Xiaokang Li
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Julian Nikolaus Bucher
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Börner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Koch
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Otto Guba
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Transplantation Center Munich, Hospital of the LMU, Campus Grosshadern, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-4400-0
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17
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An L, Wirth U, Koch D, Schirren M, Drefs M, Koliogiannis D, Niess H, Andrassy J, Guba M, Bazhin AV, Werner J, Kühn F. Metabolic Role of Autophagy in the Pathogenesis and Development of NAFLD. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13010101. [PMID: 36677026 PMCID: PMC9864958 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a spectrum of liver disease, ranging from simple steatosis to hepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Liver fibrosis, which portends a poor prognosis in NAFLD, is characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins resulting from abnormal wound repair response and metabolic disorders. Various metabolic factors play crucial roles in the progression of NAFLD, including abnormal lipid, bile acid, and endotoxin metabolism, leading to chronic inflammation and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. Autophagy is a conserved process within cells that removes unnecessary or dysfunctional components through a lysosome-dependent regulated mechanism. Accumulating evidence has shown the importance of autophagy in NAFLD and its close relation to NAFLD progression. Thus, regulation of autophagy appears to be beneficial in treating NAFLD and could become an important therapeutic target.
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18
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Hu W, Lee SML, Bazhin AV, Guba M, Werner J, Nieß H. Neutrophil extracellular traps facilitate cancer metastasis: cellular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 149:2191-2210. [PMID: 36050539 PMCID: PMC9436160 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04310-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) was initially discovered as a novel immune response against pathogens. Recent studies have also suggested that NETs play an important role in tumor progression. This review summarizes the cellular mechanisms by which NETs promote distant metastasis and discusses the possible clinical applications targeting NETs. Method The relevant literature from PubMed and Google Scholar (2001–2021) have been reviewed for this article. Results The presence of NETs has been detected in various primary tumors and metastatic sites. NET-associated interactions have been observed throughout the different stages of metastasis, including initial tumor cell detachment, intravasation and extravasation, the survival of circulating tumor cells, the settlement and the growth of metastatic tumor cells. Several in vitro and in vivo studies proved that inhibiting NET formation resulted in anti-cancer effects. The biosafety and efficacy of some NET inhibitors have also been demonstrated in early phase clinical trials. Conclusions Considering the role of NETs in tumor progression, NETs could be a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target for cancer management. However, current evidence is mostly derived from experimental models and as such more clinical studies are still needed to verify the clinical significance of NETs in oncological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxing Hu
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Serene M L Lee
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Guba
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany.,Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hanno Nieß
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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19
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Ren H, Bazhin AV, Pretzsch E, Jacob S, Yu H, Zhu J, Albertsmeier M, Lindner LH, Knösel T, Werner J, Angele MK, Bösch F. A novel immune-related gene signature predicting survival in sarcoma patients. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 24:114-126. [PMID: 35024438 PMCID: PMC8718575 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of rare mesenchymal tumors. The migration of immune cells into these tumors and the prognostic impact of tumor-specific factors determining their interaction with these tumors remain poorly understood. The current risk stratification system is insufficient to provide a precise survival prediction and treatment response. Thus, valid prognostic models are needed to guide treatment. This study analyzed the gene expression and outcome of 980 sarcoma patients from seven public datasets. The abundance of immune cells and the response to immunotherapy was calculated. Immune-related genes (IRGs) were screened through a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). A least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression was used to establish a powerful IRG signature predicting prognosis. The identified IRG signature incorporated 14 genes and identified high-risk patients in sarcoma cohorts. The 14-IRG signature was identified as an independent risk factor for overall and disease-free survival. Moreover, the IRG signature acted as a potential indicator for immunotherapy. The nomogram based on the risk score was built to provide a more accurate survival prediction. The decision tree with IRG risk score discriminated risk subgroups powerfully. This proposed IRG signature is a robust biomarker to predict outcomes and treatment responses in sarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Ren
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Elise Pretzsch
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Jacob
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Haochen Yu
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Centre, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Markus Albertsmeier
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Lars H Lindner
- Department of Medicine III, SarKUM, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Knösel
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin K Angele
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Bösch
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
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20
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Ganjalikhani-Hakemi M, Xu L, Zamyatnin AA, Bazhin AV. Editorial: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Immune Checkpoint Blockers in Anti-leukemia/Lymphoma Immune Therapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:872300. [PMID: 35321430 PMCID: PMC8936063 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.872300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ling Xu
- Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russia.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
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21
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Bazhin AV, von Ahn K, Fritz J, Bunge H, Maier C, Isayev O, Neff F, Siveke JT, Karakhanova S. Pivotal antitumor role of the immune checkpoint molecule B7-H1 in pancreatic cancer. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2043037. [PMID: 35251770 PMCID: PMC8890402 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2043037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint molecule B7-H1 plays a decisive immune regulatory role in different pathologies including cancer, and manipulation of B7-H1 expression became an attractive approach in cancer immunotherapy. Pancreatic cancer (PDAC) is characterized by pronounced immunosuppressive environment and B7-H1 expression correlates with PDAC prognosis. However, the first attempts to diminish B7-H1 expression in patients were not so successful. This points the complicity of PDAC immunosuppressive network and requires further examinations. We investigated the effect of B7-H1 deficiency in PDAC. Our results clearly show that partial or complete B7-H1 inhibition in vivo let to reduced tumor volume and improved survival of PDAC-bearing mice. This oncological benefit is due to the abrogation of immunosuppression provided by MDSC, macrophages, DC and Treg, which resulted in simultaneous restoration of anti-tumor immune response, namely improved accumulation and functionality of effector-memory CD4 and CD8 T cells. Our results underline the potential of B7-H1 molecule to control immunosuppressive network in PDAC and provide new issues for further clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina von Ahn
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Fritz
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Henriette Bunge
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Caroline Maier
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Orkhan Isayev
- Department of Cytology, Embryology and Histology, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Florian Neff
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site University Hospital Essen, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens T. Siveke
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site University Hospital Essen, Heidelberg, Germany
- Bridge Institute of Experimental Tumor Therapy, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Svetlana Karakhanova
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Taverna M, Bucher JN, Weniger M, Gropp R, Lee SML, Mayer B, Werner J, Bazhin AV. Perception of journal club seminars by medical doctoral students: results from five years of evaluation. GMS J Med Educ 2022; 39:Doc4. [PMID: 35368836 PMCID: PMC8953192 DOI: 10.3205/zma001525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: A journal club is one of the well-established and popular methods of post-graduate education. In this work, we were interested to understand how the participants perceive journal club as a whole and how they evaluate their personal process of acquiring new scientific knowledge and development of soft-skills as an indispensable prerequisite of the lifelong learning. Project description: This study is a survey analysis examining perception of journal club sessions by post-graduate medical students. A checklist for journal club preparation as well as a questionnaire for evaluation of the journal club session by participants has been developed to determine if the journal club had met its aims. Data were collected by summing up all answers to each question of the questionnaire for each session. Qualitative data from a five-year evaluation period were compiled and analyzed. Results: The journal club checklist served as a guideline for the preparation of a journal club session as well as an evaluation questionnaire containing 24 items. Our work presents evidence that journal club seminars are well perceived by participants. Furthermore, a high percentage of participants deemed the working atmosphere to be constructive and found it worthwhile to participate in the sessions. The topics of the presentations have been positively evaluated, however only a minority of participants found that the topics of the journal club was related to their own specific research topic. Concerning the distribution of the journal article, we could show that distributing the paper one week before the journal club event provided sufficient time for preparation. Our evaluation revealed that two-thirds of the participants found discussions during journal club sessions rich and productive. The motivation to think more critically increased during journal club sessions. From our work, it is evident that the participants perceived the speakers´ soft-skills to have improved with the practice. Finally, we show a clear trend of improved perception of the value of journal club sessions from beginning to the end of the evaluation time. Conclusion: Based on the analyzed evaluations, we can conclude that journal club events are highly valued by participants and could be a good option for the development of certain soft-skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Taverna
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - Julian Nicolaus Bucher
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Weniger
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - Roswitha Gropp
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - Serene M. L. Lee
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Mayer
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Munich, Germany
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Ma T, Renz BW, Ilmer M, Koch D, Yang Y, Werner J, Bazhin AV. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Solid Tumors. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020310. [PMID: 35053426 PMCID: PMC8774531 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are one of the main suppressive cell population of the immune system. They play a pivotal role in the establishment of the tumor microenvironment (TME). In the context of cancers or other pathological conditions, MDSCs can differentiate, expand, and migrate in large quantities during circulation, inhibiting the cytotoxic functions of T cells and NK cells. This process is regulated by ROS, iNOS/NO, arginase-1, and multiple soluble cytokines. The definition of MDSCs and their phenotypes in humans are not as well represented as in other organisms such as mice, owing to the absence of the cognate molecule. However, a comprehensive understanding of the differences between different species and subsets will be beneficial for clarifying the immunosuppressive properties and potential clinical values of these cells during tumor progression. Recently, experimental evidence and clinical investigations have demonstrated that MDSCs have a close relationship with poor prognosis and drug resistance, which is considered to be a leading marker for practical applications and therapeutic methods. In this review, we summarize the remarkable position of MDSCs in solid tumors, explain their classifications in different models, and introduce new treatment approaches to target MDSCs to better understand the advancement of new approaches to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianmiao Ma
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (T.M.); (B.W.R.); (M.I.); (D.K.); (J.W.)
| | - Bernhard W. Renz
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (T.M.); (B.W.R.); (M.I.); (D.K.); (J.W.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Ilmer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (T.M.); (B.W.R.); (M.I.); (D.K.); (J.W.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Koch
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (T.M.); (B.W.R.); (M.I.); (D.K.); (J.W.)
| | - Yuhui Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China;
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (T.M.); (B.W.R.); (M.I.); (D.K.); (J.W.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (T.M.); (B.W.R.); (M.I.); (D.K.); (J.W.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence:
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24
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Soltani M, Zhao Y, Xia Z, Ganjalikhani Hakemi M, Bazhin AV. The Importance of Cellular Metabolic Pathways in Pathogenesis and Selective Treatments of Hematological Malignancies. Front Oncol 2021; 11:767026. [PMID: 34868994 PMCID: PMC8636012 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.767026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advancements in the treatment of hematologic malignancies and the emergence of newer and more sophisticated therapeutic approaches such as immunotherapy, long-term overall survival remains unsatisfactory. Metabolic alteration, as an important hallmark of cancer cells, not only contributes to the malignant transformation of cells, but also promotes tumor progression and metastasis. As an immune-escape mechanism, the metabolic adaptation of the bone marrow microenvironment and leukemic cells is a major player in the suppression of anti-leukemia immune responses. Therefore, metabolic rewiring in leukemia would provide promising opportunities for newer therapeutic interventions. Several therapeutic agents which affect essential bioenergetic pathways in cancer cells including glycolysis, β-oxidation of fatty acids and Krebs cycle, or anabolic pathways such as lipid biosynthesis and pentose phosphate pathway, are being tested in various types of cancers. So far, numerous preclinical or clinical trial studies using such metabolic agents alone or in combination with other remedies such as immunotherapy are in progress and have demonstrated promising outcomes. In this review, we aim to argue the importance of metabolic alterations and bioenergetic pathways in different types of leukemia and their vital roles in disease development. Designing treatments based on targeting leukemic cells vulnerabilities, particularly in nonresponsive leukemia patients, should be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojdeh Soltani
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Zhijia Xia
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
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25
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Abakushina EV, Popova LI, Zamyatnin AA, Werner J, Mikhailovsky NV, Bazhin AV. The Advantages and Challenges of Anticancer Dendritic Cell Vaccines and NK Cells in Adoptive Cell Immunotherapy. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:1363. [PMID: 34835294 PMCID: PMC8625865 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9111363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, an impressive advance was achieved in adoptive cell therapy (ACT), which has improved therapeutic potential and significant value in promising cancer treatment for patients. The ACT is based on the cell transfer of dendritic cells (DCs) and/or immune effector cells. DCs are often used as vaccine carriers or antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to prime naive T cells ex vivo or in vivo. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells are used as major tool effector cells for ACT. Despite the fact that NK cell immunotherapy is highly effective and promising against many cancer types, there are still some limitations, including insignificant infiltration, adverse conditions of the microenvironment, the immunosuppressive cellular populations, and the low cytotoxic activity in solid tumors. To overcome these difficulties, novel methods of NK cell isolation, expansion, and stimulation of cytotoxic activity should be designed. In this review, we discuss the basic characteristics of DC vaccines and NK cells as potential adoptive cell preparations in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Abakushina
- Department for Development and Research in Immunology, LLC “Tecon Medical Devices”, 123298 Moscow, Russia; (L.I.P.); (N.V.M.)
| | - Liubov I. Popova
- Department for Development and Research in Immunology, LLC “Tecon Medical Devices”, 123298 Moscow, Russia; (L.I.P.); (N.V.M.)
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia;
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (J.W.); (A.V.B.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nikolay V. Mikhailovsky
- Department for Development and Research in Immunology, LLC “Tecon Medical Devices”, 123298 Moscow, Russia; (L.I.P.); (N.V.M.)
| | - Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (J.W.); (A.V.B.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
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Pretzsch E, Lampert C, Bazhin AV, Link H, Jacob S, Guba M, Werner J, Neumann J, Angele MK, Bösch F. EMT-related genes are unlikely to be involved in extracapsular growth of lymph node metastases in gastric cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 229:153688. [PMID: 34872022 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In gastric cancer (GC), extracapsular growth (ECG) pattern of lymph node metastases is associated with decreased overall survival rates compared to intracapsular lymph node metastases (ICG). Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a pivotal role in hematogenous metastatic spread. Aim of the present study was to analyze if EMT related genes are involved in the growth pattern of lymph node metastases in GC. METHODS Out of our prospective database with 529 patients who underwent surgical resection for GC between 2002 and 2014 forty lymph node positive patients were identified (20 ECG, 20 ICG). The expression of 84 EMT-associated genes were analyzed by RT2 Profiler PCR Array (n = 20). Results were validated by Real-Time PCR (n = 20). RESULTS GC with ECG showed differently expressed EMT related genes. GC leading to ECG showed an upregulation of three and downregulation of eleven genes. Those differences, however, could not be confirmed in PCR analysis. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that EMT related genes are not responsible for the different growth patterns of lymph node metastases in GC. Further studies are required to evaluate the underlying mechanisms of ECG in GC as it might provide a potential therapeutic target for this subgroup of more aggressive tumors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Pretzsch
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christopher Lampert
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Helena Link
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Jacob
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Guba
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Neumann
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin K Angele
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Florian Bösch
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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27
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Kühn F, Duan R, Ilmer M, Wirth U, Adiliaghdam F, Schiergens TS, Andrassy J, Bazhin AV, Werner J. Targeting the Intestinal Barrier to Prevent Gut-Derived Inflammation and Disease: A Role for Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase. Visc Med 2021; 37:383-393. [PMID: 34722721 DOI: 10.1159/000515910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) as a tissue-specific isozyme of alkaline phosphatases is predominantly produced by enterocytes in the proximal small intestine. In recent years, an increasing number of pathologies have been identified to be associated with an IAP deficiency, making it very worthwhile to review the various roles, biological functions, and potential therapeutic aspects of IAP. Summary IAP primarily originates and acts in the intestinal tract but affects other organs through specific biological axes related to its fundamental roles such as promoting gut barrier function, dephosphorylation/detoxification of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and regulation of gut microbiota. Key Messages Numerous studies reporting on the different roles and the potential therapeutic value of IAP across species have been published during the last decade. While IAP deficiency is linked to varying degrees of physiological dysfunctions across multiple organ systems, the supplementation of IAP has been proven to be beneficial in several translational and clinical studies. The increasing evidence of the salutary functions of IAP underlines the significance of the naturally occurring brush border enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kühn
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital of LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ruifeng Duan
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital of LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Ilmer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital of LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Wirth
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital of LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Fatemeh Adiliaghdam
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tobias S Schiergens
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital of LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Andrassy
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital of LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital of LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital of LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Schoenberg MB, Li X, Li X, Han Y, Börner N, Koch D, Guba MO, Werner J, Bazhin AV. The interactions between major immune effector cells and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A systematic review. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108220. [PMID: 34673334 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver neoplasm with high morbidity and mortality. Tumor immunotherapy might be promising adjuvant therapy for HCC after surgery. To better develop HCC immunotherapy, comprehensive understanding of cell-cell interactions between immune effector cells and HCC cells remains crucial. AIM To review the existing studies to summarize the cell-cell interactions between major immune effector cells and HCC cells providing new data for HCC immunotherapy. METHODS A systematic review was conducted by searching PubMed database covering all papers published in recent five years up to January 2020. The guidelines of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews were firmly followed. RESULTS There are 9 studies researching the interactions between CD8+ T lymphocytes and HCC cells and 22 studies researching that between natural killer (NK) cells and HCC cells. Among the 9 studies, 6 studies reported that CD8+ T lymphocytes showed cytotoxicity towards HCC cells while 3 studies found CD8+ T lymphocytes were impaired by HCC cells. Among the 22 studies, 20 studies presented that NK cells could inhibit HCC cells. Two studies were found to report NK cell dysfunction in HCC. CONCLUSION Based on the systematic analysis, we concluded that CD8+ T lymphocytes and NK cells can inhibit HCC cells. While in turn, HCC cells can also result in the dysfunction of those effector cells through various mechanisms. Organoids and direct contact cell co-culture with primary HCC cells and TILs should be the most innovative way to investigate the interactions and develop novel immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Bo Schoenberg
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Xiaokang Li
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Dermatology, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yongsheng Han
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Börner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Koch
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Otto Guba
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Transplantation Center Munich, Hospital of the LMU, Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany; Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Bidram M, Zhao Y, Shebardina NG, Baldin AV, Bazhin AV, Ganjalikhany MR, Zamyatnin AA, Ganjalikhani-hakemi M. mRNA-Based Cancer Vaccines: A Therapeutic Strategy for the Treatment of Melanoma Patients. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:1060. [PMID: 34696168 PMCID: PMC8540049 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9101060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is one of the most aggressive forms of cancer and the leading cause of death from skin tumors. Given the increased incidence of melanoma diagnoses in recent years, it is essential to develop effective treatments to control this disease. In this regard, the use of cancer vaccines to enhance cell-mediated immunity is considered to be one of the most modern immunotherapy options for cancer treatment. The most recent cancer vaccine options are mRNA vaccines, with a focus on their usage as modern treatments. Advantages of mRNA cancer vaccines include their rapid production and low manufacturing costs. mRNA-based vaccines are also able to induce both humoral and cellular immune responses. In addition to the many advantages of mRNA vaccines for the treatment of cancer, their use is associated with a number of challenges. For this reason, before mRNA vaccines can be used for the treatment of cancer, comprehensive information about them is required and a large number of trials need to be conducted. Here, we reviewed the general features of mRNA vaccines, including their basis, stabilization, and delivery methods. We also covered clinical trials involving the use of mRNA vaccines in melanoma cancer and the challenges involved with this type of treatment. This review also emphasized the combination of treatment with mRNA vaccines with the use of immune-checkpoint blockers to enhance cell-mediated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Bidram
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 8174673441, Iran; (M.B.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (Y.Z.); (A.V.B.)
| | - Natalia G. Shebardina
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexey V. Baldin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia;
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (Y.Z.); (A.V.B.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Mohamad Reza Ganjalikhany
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 8174673441, Iran; (M.B.); (M.R.G.)
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia;
- Department of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7X, UK
| | - Mazdak Ganjalikhani-hakemi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673441, Iran
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30
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Beirith I, Renz BW, Mudusetti S, Ring NS, Kolorz J, Koch D, Bazhin AV, Berger M, Wang J, Angele MK, D’Haese JG, Guba MO, Niess H, Andrassy J, Werner J, Ilmer M. Identification of the Neurokinin-1 Receptor as Targetable Stratification Factor for Drug Repurposing in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112703. [PMID: 34070805 PMCID: PMC8198055 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The SP/NK1R-complex plays an important role in tumor proliferation. Targeting of the neurokinin-1 receptor in previous studies with its antagonist aprepitant (AP) resulted in anti-tumoral effects in colorectal cancer and hepatoblastoma. However, there is still a lack of knowledge regarding its effects on pancreatic cancer. Therefore, we treated human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell lines (Capan-1, DanG, HuP-T3, Panc-1, and MIA PaCa-2) and their cancer stem cell-like cells (CSCs) with AP and analyzed functional effects by MTT-, colony, and sphere formation assays, respectively; moreover, we monitored downstream mechanisms by flow cytometry. NK1R inhibition resulted in dose-dependent growth reduction in both CSCs and non-CSCs without induction of apoptosis in most PDAC cell lines. More importantly, we identified striking AP dependent cell cycle arrest in all parental cells. Furthermore, gene expression and the importance of key genes in PDAC tumorigenesis were analyzed combining RT-qPCR in eight PDAC cell lines with publicly available datasets (TCGA, GEO, CCLE). Surprisingly, we found a better overall survival in patients with high NK1R levels, while at the same time, NK1R was significantly decreased in PDAC tissue compared to normal tissue. Interestingly, there is currently no differentiation between the isoforms of NK1R (truncated and full; NK1R-tr and -fl) in any of the indicated public transcriptomic records, although many publications already emphasize on important regulatory differences between the two isoforms of NK1R in many cancer entities. In conclusion, analysis of splice variants might potentially lead to a stratification of PDAC patients for NK1R-directed therapies. Furthermore, we presume PDAC patients with high expressions of NK1R-tr might benefit from treatment with AP to improve chemoresistance. Therefore, analysis of splice variants might potentially lead to a stratification of PDAC patients for NK1R-directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Beirith
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
| | - Bernhard W. Renz
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
- German Center for Translations Cancer Research (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Shristee Mudusetti
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
| | - Natalja Sergejewna Ring
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
| | - Julian Kolorz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Laboratories, von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (J.K.); (M.B.)
| | - Dominik Koch
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
| | - Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
- German Center for Translations Cancer Research (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Berger
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Research Laboratories, von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany; (J.K.); (M.B.)
- Department of General, Abdominal and Transplant Surgery, Essen University Hospital, 45417 Essen, Germany
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Martin K. Angele
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
| | - Jan G. D’Haese
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
| | - Markus O. Guba
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
| | - Hanno Niess
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
| | - Joachim Andrassy
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
- German Center for Translations Cancer Research (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Ilmer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (I.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.M.); (N.S.R.); (D.K.); (A.V.B.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.); (J.G.D.); (M.O.G.); (H.N.); (J.A.); (J.W.)
- German Center for Translations Cancer Research (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-089-4400-711218
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Schoenberg MB, Li X, Li X, Han Y, Hao J, Miksch RC, Koch D, Börner N, Beger NT, Bucher JN, Schiergens TS, Guba MO, Werner J, Bazhin AV. The predictive value of tumor infiltrating leukocytes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol 2021; 47:2561-2570. [PMID: 33966947 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2021.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surgery either through resection or transplantation often provides the only chance for cure. Since hepatocarcinogenesis and postsurgical prognosis is not only dependent on cirrhosis but also on immune activation and exhaustion, many studies have investigated tumor infiltrating leukocyte (TIL) subsets. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims at describing the cell groups and their predictive power regarding overall (OS), disease free (DFS) and recurrence free survival (RFS). MATERIAL AND METHODS A systematic search of the PubMed database was conducted (PROSPERO 172324). Data on CD3+, CD8+, Treg, B cells, macrophages, neutrophil and NK-cells were collected from Pubmed and related references up to December 2018. Overall (OS), disease-free (DFS) and recurrence free survival (RFS) in dependence of high vs. low infiltration rates were compared using a random effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Altogether data from 3541 patients enrolled in 20 publications were included. Except for Tregs and Neutrophils, heterogeneity analysis was found to be moderate to high across the studies. High CD3+, CD8+, NK-cell infiltration predicted better survival (OS, DFS and RFS; p < 0.05). Higher Treg and Neutrophil infiltration predicted lower OS and DFS. For Macrophages and B cells no difference in survival could be found. DISCUSSION As with other solid tumors immune infiltration has a great influence on survival after resection. However, a considerable publication bias cannot be ruled out in mostly retrospective analyses. Nevertheless, in light of novel immune modulatory treatments this opens a new avenue towards effective and well-tolerated adjuvant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Bo Schoenberg
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Xiaokang Li
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yongsheng Han
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jingcheng Hao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Rainer Christoph Miksch
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Koch
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Börner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicola Theresa Beger
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julian Nikolaus Bucher
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Simon Schiergens
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Otto Guba
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Vasilev YA, Sergunova KA, Bazhin AV, Masri AG, Vasileva YN, Semenov DS, Kudryavtsev ND, Panina OY, Khoruzhaya AN, Zinchenko VV, Akhmad ES, Petraikin AV, Vladzymyrskyy AV, Midaev AV, Morozov SP. Chest MRI of patients with COVID-19. Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 79:13-19. [PMID: 33727149 PMCID: PMC7955570 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
During the pandemic of novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19), computed tomography (CT) showed its effectiveness in diagnosis of coronavirus infection. However, ionizing radiation during CT studies causes concern for patients who require dynamic observation, as well as for examination of children and young people. For this retrospective study, we included 15 suspected for COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized in April 2020, Russia. There were 4 adults with positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for COVID-19. All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations using MR-LUND PROTOCOL: Single-shot Fast Spin Echo (SSFSE), LAVA 3D and IDEAL 3D, Echo-planar imaging (EPI) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and Fast Spin Echo (FSE) T2 weighted imaging (T2WI). On T2WI changes were identified in 9 (60,0%) patients, on DWI - in 5 (33,3%) patients. In 5 (33,3%) patients lesions of the parenchyma were visualized on T2WI and DWI simultaneously. At the same time, 4 (26.7%) patients had changes in lung tissue only on T2WI. (P(McNemar) = 0,125; OR = 0,00 (95%); kappa = 0,500). In those patients who had CT scan, the changes were comparable to MRI. The results showed that in case of CT is not available, it is advisable to conduct a chest MRI for patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19. Considering that T2WI is a fluid-sensitive sequence, if imaging for the lung infiltration is required, we can recommend the abbreviated MRI protocol consisting of T2 and T1 WI. These data may be applicable for interpreting other studies, such as thoracic spine MRI, detecting signs of viral pneumonia of asymptomatic patients. MRI can detect features of viral pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu A Vasilev
- Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia
| | - K A Sergunova
- Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia.
| | - A V Bazhin
- Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia.
| | - A G Masri
- Imed Clinic, Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russia.
| | - Yu N Vasileva
- A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia.
| | - D S Semenov
- Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia.
| | - N D Kudryavtsev
- Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia.
| | - O Yu Panina
- Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia.
| | - A N Khoruzhaya
- Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia.
| | - V V Zinchenko
- Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia.
| | - E S Akhmad
- Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia.
| | - A V Petraikin
- Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia.
| | - A V Vladzymyrskyy
- Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia.
| | - A V Midaev
- Imed Clinic, Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russia.
| | - S P Morozov
- Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia.
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Wu Y, Zhang C, Jiang K, Werner J, Bazhin AV, D'Haese JG. The Role of Stellate Cells in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Targeting Perspectives. Front Oncol 2021; 10:621937. [PMID: 33520728 PMCID: PMC7841014 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.621937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a gastrointestinal malignancy with a dismal clinical outcome. Accumulating evidence suggests that activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), the major producers of extracellular matrix (ECM), drive the severe stromal/desmoplastic reaction in PDAC. Furthermore, the crosstalk among PSCs, pancreatic cancer cells (PCCs) as well as other stroma cells can establish a growth-supportive tumor microenvironment (TME) of PDAC, thereby enhancing tumor growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance via various pathways. Recently, targeting stroma has emerged as a promising strategy for PDAC therapy, and several novel strategies have been proposed. The aim of our study is to give a profound review of the role of PSCs in PDAC progression and recent advances in stroma-targeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wu
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kuirong Jiang
- Pancreas Center and Pancreas Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan G D'Haese
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Lin S, Kühn F, Schiergens TS, Zamyatnin AA, Isayev O, Gasimov E, Werner J, Li Y, Bazhin AV. Experimental postoperative ileus: is Th2 immune response involved? Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:3014-3025. [PMID: 34220330 PMCID: PMC8241774 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.59354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Postoperative ileus (POI) is a frequent complication arising after gastrointestinal surgery but pathogenesis of POI is still not fully understood. While Th1 immune cells are implicated in POI, the involvement of Th2 cells has not yet been clarified. Given the impact of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the regulation of Th1 and Th2 balance, we hypothesized that not only Th1 but also Th2 immune response can be involved in the development of experimental POI. Methods: The intestinal transit test was performed using carbon gum arabic. Electron microscopy was employed to assess tissue morphology and the presence of immune cells. Cytokines, IgE and ROS were measured. Immune cells from Peyer's patches were analyzed by Flow Cytometry and toluidine blue staining was used for detection of mast cells. Transcriptional factors were analyzed by Western blot. Results: POI is associated with an increase in both Th2 cytokines and Th2 cells. We have further demonstrated that POI induces a Th2-dependent activation of memory and non-memory B cells. This was accompanied by an increase in a number of mast cells in the colon of POI mice as well by an increased IgE and histamine plasma levels. We found that POI-induced accumulation of ROS was associated with an increased expression of the transcriptional factors HMBGI, NF-κB, and p38. This increased expression seemed to be associated with a Th2 response. Conclusion: Th2 immune response can be involved in the activation of mast cells in POI, which was associated with ROS mediated activation of NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Lin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Digestive Disease, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China.,Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Kühn
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias S Schiergens
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Cell Signaling, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Orkhan Isayev
- Department of Histology, Embryology and Cytology, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Eldar Gasimov
- Department of Histology, Embryology and Cytology, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Yongyu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Digestive Disease, Tongji University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
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Ren H, Zhu J, Yu H, Bazhin AV, Westphalen CB, Renz BW, Jacob SN, Lampert C, Werner J, Angele MK, Bösch F. Angiogenesis-Related Gene Expression Signatures Predicting Prognosis in Gastric Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123685. [PMID: 33302481 PMCID: PMC7763234 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary To elucidate the role of angiogenesis as a prognostic signature in gastric cancer, we analyzed the expression level of 36 angiogenesis-related genes (ARGs) from Stomach Adenocarcinoma (STAD) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Consensus clustering analysis showed two major angiogenesis-related types: one related to more aggressive clinicopathological characteristics and worse survival, and the other related to lower tumor, lymph node, metastasis (TNM) stage and better outcomes. Our analysis of TCGA with a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model identified 10 genes associated with overall survival in gastric cancer patients. With this gene signature, we computed angiogenesis-related gene signature risk scores for individual cancer patients that predicted overall and disease-free survival, which were further validated in the independent dataset Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG). Moreover, an overall survival (OS)-related nomogram was established and had better performance in prognosis prediction than TNM stage. Our analysis provides a comprehensive map of ARGs that can be serve as useful biomarkers for gastric cancer. Abstract Increasing evidence indicates that angiogenesis is crucial in the development and progression of gastric cancer (GC). This study aimed to develop a prognostic relevant angiogenesis-related gene (ARG) signature and a nomogram. The expression profile of the 36 ARGs and clinical information of 372 GC patients were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Consensus clustering was applied to divide patients into clusters 1 and 2. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analyses were used to identify the survival related ARGs and establish prognostic gene signatures, respectively. The Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG) (n = 300) was used for external validation. Risk score of ARG signatures was calculated, and a prognostic nomogram was developed. Gene set enrichment analysis of the ARG model risk score was performed. Cluster 2 patients had more advanced clinical stage and shorter survival rates. ARG signatures carried prognostic relevance in both cohorts. Moreover, ARG-risk score was proved as an independent prognostic factor. The predictive value of the nomogram incorporating the risk score and clinicopathological features was superior to tumor, lymph node, metastasis (TNM) staging. The high-risk score group was associated with several cancer and metastasis-related pathways. The present study suggests that ARG-based nomogram could serve as effective prognostic biomarkers and allow a more precise risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Ren
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany; (H.R.); (H.Y.); (A.V.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.N.J.); (C.L.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.)
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China;
| | - Haochen Yu
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany; (H.R.); (H.Y.); (A.V.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.N.J.); (C.L.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.)
| | - Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany; (H.R.); (H.Y.); (A.V.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.N.J.); (C.L.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.)
| | - Christoph Benedikt Westphalen
- Department of Medicine 3 and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany;
| | - Bernhard W. Renz
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany; (H.R.); (H.Y.); (A.V.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.N.J.); (C.L.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.)
| | - Sven N. Jacob
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany; (H.R.); (H.Y.); (A.V.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.N.J.); (C.L.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.)
| | - Christopher Lampert
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany; (H.R.); (H.Y.); (A.V.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.N.J.); (C.L.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.)
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany; (H.R.); (H.Y.); (A.V.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.N.J.); (C.L.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.)
| | - Martin K. Angele
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany; (H.R.); (H.Y.); (A.V.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.N.J.); (C.L.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.)
| | - Florian Bösch
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany; (H.R.); (H.Y.); (A.V.B.); (B.W.R.); (S.N.J.); (C.L.); (J.W.); (M.K.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+49-89-4400-72781; Fax: +49-89-4400-75474
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36
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Ganjalikhani Hakemi M, Jafarinia M, Azizi M, Rezaeepoor M, Isayev O, Bazhin AV. The Role of TIM-3 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Promising Target for Immunotherapy? Front Oncol 2020; 10:601661. [PMID: 33425759 PMCID: PMC7793963 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.601661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most common tumors in the world is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and its mortality rates are still on the rise, so addressing it is considered an important challenge for universal health. Despite the various treatments that have been developed over the past decades, the prognosis for advanced liver cancer is still poor. Recently, tumor immunotherapy has opened new opportunities for suppression of tumor progression, recurrence, and metastasis. Besides this, investigation into this malignancy due to high immune checkpoint expression and the change of immunometabolic programming in immune cells and tumor cells is highly considered. Because anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated protein (CTLA)-4 antibodies and anti-programmed cell death protein (PD)-1 antibodies have shown therapeutic effects in various cancers, studies have shown that T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (TIM-3), a new immune checkpoint molecule, plays an important role in the development of HCC. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on signal transduction events of TIM-3, its role as a checkpoint target for HCC therapy, and the immunometabolic situation in the progression of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Morteza Jafarinia
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Azizi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahsa Rezaeepoor
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Orkhan Isayev
- Department of Cytology, Embryology and Histology, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan.,Genetic Resources Institute, Azerbaijan National Academy of Scince, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 81377 Munich, Germany; ; Tel.: +49-894-4007-3440
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
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38
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Yang Y, Li C, Liu T, Dai X, Bazhin AV. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Tumors: From Mechanisms to Antigen Specificity and Microenvironmental Regulation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1371. [PMID: 32793192 PMCID: PMC7387650 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the various immunological and non-immunological tumor-promoting activities of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), their immunosuppressive capacity remains a key hallmark. Effort in the past decade has provided us with a clearer view of the suppressive nature of MDSCs. More suppressive pathways have been identified, and their recognized targets have been expanded from T cells and natural killer (NK) cells to other immune cells. These novel mechanisms and targets afford MDSCs versatility in suppressing both innate and adaptive immunity. On the other hand, a better understanding of the regulation of their development and function has been unveiled. This intricate regulatory network, consisting of tumor cells, stromal cells, soluble mediators, and hostile physical conditions, reveals bi-directional crosstalk between MDSCs and the tumor microenvironment. In this article, we will review available information on how MDSCs exert their immunosuppressive function and how they are regulated in the tumor milieu. As MDSCs are a well-established obstacle to anti-tumor immunity, new insights in the potential synergistic combination of MDSC-targeted therapy and immunotherapy will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Key Lab of Molecular Imaging, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaofang Dai
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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39
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Shevchenko I, Mathes A, Groth C, Karakhanova S, Müller V, Utikal J, Werner J, Bazhin AV, Umansky V. Enhanced expression of CD39 and CD73 on T cells in the regulation of anti-tumor immune responses. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1744946. [PMID: 33457090 PMCID: PMC7790505 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1744946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of extracellular adenosine by the ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73 represents an important pathway of immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment. Using two mouse models (RET transgenic melanoma and Panc02 orthotopic pancreatic adenocarcinoma), we identified an elevated frequency of ectonucleotidase-expressing T cells in tumors and spleens. Importantly, these ectonucleotidase-positive T cells also showed a pronounced expression of PD-1. Conversely, the PD-1+ T cell subsets in tumors contained substantially larger proportions of ectonucleotidase-expressing cells compared to their counterparts lacking PD-1 expression. Our in vitro experiments showed that the activation of normal T cells resulted in an increase in the CD39 expression. CD39+ and CD73+ T cells displayed effector or memory phenotypes and produced IFN-γ, thereby linking ectonucleotidase expression to T cell effector functions. An accumulation of conventional and regulatory T cells expressing CD39 and/or CD73 was also detected in the peripheral blood of patients with melanoma and pancreatic cancer. Moreover, we demonstrated a significant association between low frequencies of circulating CD73+CD8+ T cells and CD73+CD4+ regulatory T cells and better overall survival of melanoma patients. Tumor-derived soluble factors (in particular, TGF-β) significantly enhanced the frequencies of ectonucleotidase-expressing cells in mice. Our findings suggest that the upregulation of ectonucleotidase expression in T cells promotes extracellular adenosine accumulation and represents an important mechanism of homeostatic immune auto-regulation, which could be hijacked by tumors to evade anti-cancer immunity. Targeting CD39 and CD73 can open new avenues for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Shevchenko
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Dermato-Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of General Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Mathes
- Department of General Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of General and Abdominal Surgery, Sana Klinikum Offenbach, Offenbach, Germany
| | - Christopher Groth
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Dermato-Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Verena Müller
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Dermato-Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jochen Utikal
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Dermato-Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Viktor Umansky
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Dermato-Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karl University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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40
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Schoenberg MB, Bucher JN, Koch D, Börner N, Hesse S, De Toni EN, Seidensticker M, Angele MK, Klein C, Bazhin AV, Werner J, Guba MO. A novel machine learning algorithm to predict disease free survival after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Transl Med 2020; 8:434. [PMID: 32395478 PMCID: PMC7210189 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.04.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Due to organ shortage, liver transplantation (LT) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients can only be offered subsidiary to other curative treatments, including liver resection (LR). We aimed at developing and validating a machine-learning algorithm (ML) to predict which patients are sufficiently treated by LR. Methods Twenty-six preoperatively available routine laboratory values along with standard clinical-pathological parameters [including the modified Glascow Prognostic Score (mGPS), the Kings Score (KS) and the Model of Endstage Liver Disease (MELD)] were retrieved from 181 patients who underwent partial LR due to HCC in non-cirrhosis or compensated cirrhosis from January 2007 through March 2018 at our institution. These data were processed using a Random Forest (RF)-based workflow, which included preprocessing, recursive feature elimination (RFE), resampling, training and cross-validation of the RF model. A subset of untouched patient data was used as a test cohort. Basing on the RF prediction, test data could be stratified according to high (HR) or low risk (LR) profile characteristics. Results RFE analysis provided 6 relevant outcome predictors: mGPS, aPTT, CRP, largest tumor size, number of lesions and age at time of operation. After down-sampling, the predictive value of our model was 0.788 (0.658-0.919) for early DFS. 16.7% of HR and 74.2% of LR patients survived 2 years of follow-up (P<0.001). Conclusions Our RF model, based solely on clinical parameters, proved to be a powerful predictor of DFS. These results warrant a prospective study to improve the model for selection of suitable candidates for LR as alternative to transplantation. The predictive model is available online: tiny.cc/hcc_model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Bo Schoenberg
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julian Nikolaus Bucher
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik Koch
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Börner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hesse
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Max Seidensticker
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Radiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Kurt Angele
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Klein
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Otto Guba
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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41
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Baldin AV, Savvateeva LV, Bazhin AV, Zamyatnin AA. Dendritic Cells in Anticancer Vaccination: Rationale for Ex Vivo Loading or In Vivo Targeting. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030590. [PMID: 32150821 PMCID: PMC7139354 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) have shown great potential as a component or target in the landscape of cancer immunotherapy. Different in vivo and ex vivo strategies of DC vaccine generation with different outcomes have been proposed. Numerous clinical trials have demonstrated their efficacy and safety in cancer patients. However, there is no consensus regarding which DC-based vaccine generation method is preferable. A problem of result comparison between trials in which different DC-loading or -targeting approaches have been applied remains. The employment of different DC generation and maturation methods, antigens and administration routes from trial to trial also limits the objective comparison of DC vaccines. In the present review, we discuss different methods of DC vaccine generation. We conclude that standardized trial designs, treatment settings and outcome assessment criteria will help to determine which DC vaccine generation approach should be applied in certain cancer cases. This will result in a reduction in alternatives in the selection of preferable DC-based vaccine tactics in patient. Moreover, it has become clear that the application of a DC vaccine alone is not sufficient and combination immunotherapy with recent advances, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, should be employed to achieve a better clinical response and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V. Baldin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.B.); (L.V.S.)
| | - Lyudmila V. Savvateeva
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.B.); (L.V.S.)
| | - Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany;
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.V.B.); (L.V.S.)
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Department of Cell Signaling, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +74-956-229-843
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42
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Bazhin AV, Tambor V, Dikov B, Philippov PP, Schadendorf D, Eichmüller SB. Retraction Note to: cGMP-phosphodiesterase 6, transducin and Wnt5a/Frizzled-2-signaling control cGMP and Ca 2+ homeostasis in melanoma cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:963. [PMID: 31919573 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03437-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Editor-in-Chief has retracted this article [1] due to errors in Figs. 1b, c and 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandr V Bazhin
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Department of Dermatology, University of Heidelberg, University Hospital Mannheim, 68135, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Vojtech Tambor
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Boyan Dikov
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pavel P Philippov
- Department of Cell Signalling, A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dirk Schadendorf
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Stefan B Eichmüller
- Skin Cancer Unit, German Cancer Research Center, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, University of Heidelberg, University Hospital Mannheim, 68135, Mannheim, Germany
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Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) originating from the cells of the colon or rectum has a high mortality rate worldwide. Numerous attempts have been made to raise the overall survival rates of CRC patients. It is well-known that the development of malignant neoplasms is accompanied by suppression of the immune system, which is likely the cause for the failure of standard treatment methods. Immune response has long been an issue of great interest in cancer therapy and anti-tumor immunity that consider the development of immunotherapeutic antitumor methods resulting in the immune system activation as an important issue. This review discusses main immunotherapeutic approaches available for the CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Abakushina
- Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center, Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Kaluga Region, 249036, Russia.
| | - Yu V Gelm
- Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center, Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Kaluga Region, 249036, Russia
| | - I A Pasova
- Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center, Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Obninsk, Kaluga Region, 249036, Russia
| | - A V Bazhin
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Munich, 81377, Germany.
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44
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Isayev O, Zhu Y, Gasimov E, Werner J, Bazhin AV. Effect of Chemotherapeutic Agents on the Expression of Retinoid Receptors and Markers of Cancer Stem Cells and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2019; 84:1424-1432. [PMID: 31760928 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919110166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A large body of evidence suggests that cancer stem cells (CSCs) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as well as expression and function of retinoid receptors, are pivotal features of tumor initiation, progression, and chemoresistance. This is also true for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which represents a clinical challenge due to poor prognosis and increasing incidence. Understanding the above features of cancer cells could open new avenues for PDAC treatment strategies. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between CSCs, EMT, and retinoid receptors in PDAC after treatment with the chemotherapeutic agents - gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil. First, we demonstrated the difference in the expression levels of CSC and EMT markers and retinoid receptors in the untreated Mia PaCa-2 and Panc1 cells that also differed in the frequency of spontaneous apoptosis and distribution between the cell cycle phases. Chemotherapy reduced the number of cancer cells in the S phase. Gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil modulated expression of CSC markers, E-cadherin, and RXRβ in Panc1 but not in Mia PaCa-2 cells. We suggest that these effects could be attributed to the difference in the basal levels of expression of the investigated genes. The obtained data could be interesting in the context of future preclinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Isayev
- Department of Histology, Embryology and Cytology, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, AZ1022, Azerbaijan. .,Genetic Resources Institute, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, AZ1106, Azerbaijan
| | - Y Zhu
- International Joint Laboratory for Cell Medical Engineering of Henan Province, Department of Oncology, Henan University Huaihe Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, 475000, P. R. China.
| | - E Gasimov
- Department of Histology, Embryology and Cytology, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, AZ1022, Azerbaijan.
| | - J Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - A V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany.
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45
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Li Z, Yu X, Werner J, Bazhin AV, D'Haese JG. The role of interleukin-18 in pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 50:1-12. [PMID: 31753718 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Originally described as an interferon (IFN)-γ-inducing factor, interleukin (IL)-18 has been reported to be involved in Th1 and Th2 immune responses, as well as in activation of NK cells and macrophages. There is convincing evidence that IL-18 plays an important role in various pathologies (i.e. inflammatory diseases, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Crohn's disease and others). Recently, IL-18 has also been shown to execute specific effects in pancreatic diseases, including acute and chronic pancreatitis, as well as pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study was to give a profound review of recent data on the role of IL-18 and its potential as a therapeutic target in pancreatic diseases. The existing data on this topic are in part controversial and will be discussed in detail. Future studies should aim to confirm and clarify the role of IL-18 in pancreatic diseases and unravel their molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Li
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The third Xiangya hospital, Central south university, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The third Xiangya hospital, Central south university, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Jan G D'Haese
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
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46
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Sánchez-Álvarez M, Strippoli R, Donadelli M, Bazhin AV, Cordani M. Sestrins as a Therapeutic Bridge between ROS and Autophagy in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101415. [PMID: 31546746 PMCID: PMC6827145 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels and the contribution therein from networks regulating cell metabolism, such as autophagy and the mTOR-dependent nutrient-sensing pathway, constitute major targets for selective therapeutic intervention against several types of tumors, due to their extensive rewiring in cancer cells as compared to healthy cells. Here, we discuss the sestrin family of proteins—homeostatic transducers of oxidative stress, and drivers of antioxidant and metabolic adaptation—as emerging targets for pharmacological intervention. These adaptive regulators lie at the intersection of those two priority nodes of interest in antitumor intervention—ROS control and the regulation of cell metabolism and autophagy—therefore, they hold the potential not only for the development of completely novel compounds, but also for leveraging on synergistic strategies with current options for tumor therapy and classification/stadiation to achieve personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Sánchez-Álvarez
- Mechanoadaptation & Caveolae Biology Lab, Cell and Developmental Biology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC). Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Raffaele Strippoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00161, Italy.
- Gene Expression Laboratory, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" IRCCS, Rome 00161, Italy.
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy.
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich 81377, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich 80366, Germany.
| | - Marco Cordani
- IMDEA Nanociencia, C/Faraday 9, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain..
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47
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Dötzer K, Schlüter F, Schoenberg MB, Bazhin AV, von Koch FE, Schnelzer A, Anthuber S, Grab D, Czogalla B, Burges A, Werner J, Mahner S, Mayer B. Immune Heterogeneity Between Primary Tumors and Corresponding Metastatic Lesions and Response to Platinum Therapy in Primary Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091250. [PMID: 31455033 PMCID: PMC6769550 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
CD3+ and CD8+ lymphocytes are well known prognostic markers in primary ovarian cancer. In contrast, the predictive value of the immune infiltrate concerning treatment response and the involvement of immune heterogeneity between primary and metastatic lesions are poorly understood. In this study, the immune infiltrate of 49 primary tumors and 38 corresponding lesions in the omentum (n = 23) and the peritoneum (n = 15) was immunohistochemically analyzed and correlated with clinicopathological factors and platinum-sensitivity. Immune heterogeneity was observed between paired primary and metastatic lesions for all immune cell phenotypes. The stromal immune infiltrate was higher in the omental lesions than in the primary tumors, which was reflected by CD45 (p=0.007), CD3 (p=0.005), CD8 (p=0.012), and PD-1 (programmed cell-death protein 1) (p=0.013). A higher stromal infiltrate of both CD45+ and CD3+ cells in the omental lesions was associated with the detection of lymph node metastasis (CD45, p=0.018; CD3, p=0.037). Platinum-sensitive ovarian cancers revealed a higher intratumoral CD8+ infiltrate in the peritoneal lesions compared to the primary tumors (p=0.045). In contrast, higher counts of stromal PD-1+ cells in the peritoneal lesions have been associated with reduced platinum-sensitivity (p=0.045). Immune heterogeneity was associated with platinum response and might represent a selection marker for personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Dötzer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Friederike Schlüter
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Bo Schoenberg
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 8a, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Edler von Koch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum Dritter Orden, Menzinger Straße 44, 80638 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Schnelzer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Anthuber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinic Starnberg, Oßwaldstraße 1, 82319 Starnberg, Germany
| | - Dieter Grab
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinic Harlaching, Sanatoriumsplatz 2, 81545 Munich, Germany
| | - Bastian Czogalla
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Burges
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 8a, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Mayer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377 Munich, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 8a, 80336 Munich, Germany.
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48
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Zhu Y, Wang J, Wang F, Yan Z, Liu G, Ma Y, Zhu W, Li Y, Xie L, Bazhin AV, Guo X. Differential MicroRNA Expression Profiles as Potential Biomarkers for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2019; 84:575-582. [PMID: 31234772 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919050122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a clinical challenge due to its poor prognosis. Therefore, the early diagnosis of PDAC is extremely important for achieving a cure. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) could serve as a potential biomarker for the early detection and prognosis of PDAC. In this work we analyzed plasma samples from healthy persons and PDAC patients to assess differential miRNA expression profiles by next generation sequencing technology and bioinformatics analysis. In this way, 165 mature miRNAs were found to be significantly deregulated in the patient group, of which 75 and 90 mature miRNAs were up- and down-regulated compared with healthy individuals, respectively. Furthermore, 1029 novel miRNAs were identified. In conclusion, plasma miRNA expression profiles are different between healthy individuals and patients with PDAC. These data provide a possibility for use of miRNA as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhu
- Department of Oncology, International Joint Laboratory for Cell Medical Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University Huaihe Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, 475000, P. R. China.
| | - J Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450014, P. R. China.
| | - F Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Z Yan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - G Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450014, P. R. China
| | - Y Ma
- College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin, 300353, P. R. China.
| | - W Zhu
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Y Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - L Xie
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - A V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany.
| | - X Guo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China.
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49
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Bösch F, Bazhin AV, Heublein S, Brüwer K, Knösel T, Reiter FP, Auernhammer CJ, Guba MO, Spitzweg C, Werner J, Angele MK. Treatment with somatostatin analogs induces differentially expressed let-7c-5p and mir-3137 in small intestine neuroendocrine tumors. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:575. [PMID: 31196127 PMCID: PMC6567424 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5794-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distant metastases frequently occur in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. If hepatic surgery is not feasible, patients are treated with somatostatin analogs. However, the underlying mechanisms of action of this treatment remain to be defined. The aim of the present study was to analyze the micro-RNA expression profile inter-individually before and after the treatment with somatostatin analogs. MATERIAL AND METHODS Tumor specimens of all included patients (n = 8) before and after the onset of a therapy with somatostatin analogs were analyzed and a micro-RNA expression profile (754 micro-RNAs) of each probe was generated. This analysis in an intra-individual setting was selected to avoid bias from inter-individual differences. The micro-RNA expression profiles were validated by qPCR. Patients with any other systemic treatment were excluded from the present study. RESULTS Eight patients were included in the present study of which all had neuroendocrine tumors of the small intestine with diffuse hepatic metastases. Grouped analyses revealed that 15 micro-RNAs were differentially expressed (3 up- and 12 downregulated) after the exposure to somatostatin analogs. Additionally, let-7c-5p and mir-3137 are concordantly regulated in the inter-individually analysis. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study analyzing the individual micro-RNA expression profile before and after a therapy with somatostatin analogs. Data from this study reveal that somatostatin analogs may in part exert their beneficial effects through an alteration in the micro-RNA expression profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Bösch
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Center of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the GastroEnteroPancreatic System, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Heublein
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina Brüwer
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the GastroEnteroPancreatic System, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Knösel
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the GastroEnteroPancreatic System, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian P Reiter
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the GastroEnteroPancreatic System, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph J Auernhammer
- Department of Internal Medicine 4, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the GastroEnteroPancreatic System, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus O Guba
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the GastroEnteroPancreatic System, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Spitzweg
- Department of Internal Medicine 4, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the GastroEnteroPancreatic System, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the GastroEnteroPancreatic System, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin K Angele
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the GastroEnteroPancreatic System, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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50
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Baldin AV, Zamyatnin AA, Bazhin AV, Xu WH, Savvateeva LV. Advances in the Development of Anticancer HSP-based Vaccines. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:427-445. [PMID: 29376489 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180129100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Current advances in cancer treatment are based on the recent discoveries of molecular mechanisms of tumour maintenance. It was shown that heat shock proteins (HSPs) play a crucial role in the development of immune response against tumours. Thus, HSPs represent multifunctional agents not only with chaperone functions, but also possessing immunomodulatory properties. These properties are exploited for the development of HSP-based anticancer vaccines aimed to induce cytotoxic responses against tumours. To date, a number of strategies have been suggested to facilitate HSP-based vaccine production and to increase its effectiveness. The present review focuses on the current trend for the development of HSPbased vaccines aimed at inducing strong immunological tumour-specific responses against cancer cells of distinct etiology and localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey V Baldin
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Cell Signaling, Belozersky Institute of Physico- Chemical Biology, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Germany
| | - Wan-Hai Xu
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lyudmila V Savvateeva
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
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