1
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Carden P, Ge S, Li B, Samanta S, Sokolov AP. Dynamics in polymers with phase separated dynamic bonds: the case of a peculiar temperature dependence. Soft Matter 2024; 20:3868-3876. [PMID: 38651737 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00115j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The topic of polymers with dynamic bonds (stickers) appears as an exciting and promising area of materials science, thanks to their attractive self-healable, recyclable, extremely tough, and super extensible properties. Polymers with phase separated dynamic bonds revealed several unique properties, but mechanisms controlling their viscoelastic properties remain poorly understood. In this work, we present a dynamic analysis of a model polymer system with phase separated hydrogen bonding functionalities. The results confirm that terminal relaxation in these systems is independent of polymer segmental dynamics and is instead controlled by structural relaxations in clusters of stickers. Detailed analysis revealed a surprising result: terminal relaxation time of these systems has weaker temperature dependence than that of structural relaxation in clusters, although the former is slower than the latter. Borrowing ideas from the field of block copolymers, we ascribed this unusual result to an LCST-like behavior for the miscibility of the stickers in the polymer matrix. The presented results and ideas deepen the understanding of the viscoelasticity for polymers with dynamic bonds, enabling intelligent design of functional materials with desired macroscopic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyton Carden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.
| | - Sirui Ge
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Bingrui Li
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Subarna Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
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2
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Demchuk Z, Zhao X, Shen Z, Zhao S, Sokolov AP, Cao PF. Tuning the Mechanical and Dynamic Properties of Elastic Vitrimers by Tailoring the Substituents of Boronic Ester. ACS Mater Au 2024; 4:185-194. [PMID: 38496049 PMCID: PMC10941276 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.3c00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Elastic vitrimers, i.e., elastic polymers with associative dynamic covalent bonds, can afford elastomers with recyclability while maintaining their thermal and chemical stability. Herein, we report a series of boronic ester-based vitrimers with tunable mechanical properties and recyclability by varying the substitute groups of boronic acid in polymer networks. The dynamic polymer networks are formed by reacting diol-containing tetra-arm poly(amidoamine) with boronic acid-terminated tetra-arm poly(ethylene glycol), which possesses different substituents adjacent to boronic acid moieties. Varying the substituent adjacent to the boronic ester unit will significantly affect the binding strength of the boronic ester, therefore affecting their dynamics and mechanical performance. The electron-withdrawing substituents noticeably suppress the dynamics of boronic ester exchange and increase the activation energy and relaxation time while enhancing the mechanical strength of the resulting elastic vitrimers. On the other hand, the presence of electron-rich substituent affords relatively reduced glass transition temperature (Tg), faster relaxation, and prominent recyclability and malleability at lower temperatures. The developed pathway will guide the rational design of elastomers with well-tunable dynamics and processabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoriana Demchuk
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Xiao Zhao
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Peng-Fei Cao
- State
Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic Composites, College of
Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing
University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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3
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Zhao X, Demchuk Z, Tian J, Luo J, Li B, Cao K, Sokolov AP, Hun D, Saito T, Cao PF. Ductile adhesive elastomers with force-triggered ultra-high adhesion strength. Mater Horiz 2024; 11:969-977. [PMID: 38053446 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01280h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Elastomers play a vital role in many forthcoming advanced technologies in which their adhesive properties determine materials' interface performance. Despite great success in improving the adhesive properties of elastomers, permanent adhesives tend to stick to the surfaces prematurely or result in poor contact depending on the installation method. Thus, elastomers with on-demand adhesion that is not limited to being triggered by UV light or heat, which may not be practical for scenarios that do not allow an additional external source, provide a solution to various challenges in conventional adhesive elastomers. Herein, we report a novel, ready-to-use, ultra high-strength, ductile adhesive elastomer with an on-demand adhesion feature that can be easily triggered by a compression force. The precursor is mainly composed of a capsule-separated, two-component curing system. After a force-trigger and curing process, the ductile adhesive elastomer exhibits a peel strength and a lap shear strength of 1.2 × 104 N m-1 and 7.8 × 103 kPa, respectively, which exceed the reported values for advanced ductile adhesive elastomers. The ultra-high adhesion force is attributed to the excellent surface contact of the liquid-like precursor and to the high elastic modulus of the cured elastomer that is reinforced by a two-phase design. Incorporation of such on-demand adhesion into an elastomer enables a controlled delay between installation and curing so that these can take place under their individual ideal conditions, effectively reducing the energy cost, preventing failures, and improving installation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhao
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA.
| | - Zoriana Demchuk
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA.
| | - Jia Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Jiancheng Luo
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA.
| | - Bingrui Li
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Ke Cao
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA.
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Diana Hun
- Buildings and Transportation Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA.
| | - Tomonori Saito
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA.
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Peng-Fei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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4
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Ahmed MD, Zhu Z, Khamzin A, Paddison SJ, Sokolov AP, Popov I. Effect of Ion Mass on Dynamic Correlations in Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:10411-10421. [PMID: 38012530 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c05568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are a class of liquid salts with distinct properties such as high ionic conductivity, low volatility, and a broad electrochemical window, making them appealing for use in energy storage applications. The ion-ion correlations are some of the key factors that play a critical role in the ionic conductivity of ILs. In this work, we present the study of the impact of ion mass on ion-ion correlations in ILs, applying a combination of broadband dielectric spectroscopy measurements and molecular dynamics simulations. We examined three ILs with the same cation but different anions to consider three different cases of cation-anion masses: M+ > M-, M+ ≈ M-, and M+ < M-. We applied the momentum conservation approach to estimate the contribution of distinct ion-ion correlations from experimental data and obtained good agreement with direct calculations of distinct ion-ion correlations from molecular dynamics simulations. Our findings reveal that relative ion mass has a strong effect on the distinct ion-ion correlations, leading to swapping of the relative amplitude of distinct cation-cation and anion-anion correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Dipu Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Zhenghao Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Airat Khamzin
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, Kazan 420008, Russia
| | - Stephen J Paddison
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Ivan Popov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- University of Tennessee─Oak Ridge Innovation Institute, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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5
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Luo J, Zhao X, Ju H, Chen X, Zhao S, Demchuk Z, Li B, Bocharova V, Carrillo JMY, Keum JK, Xu S, Sokolov AP, Chen J, Cao PF. Highly Recyclable and Tough Elastic Vitrimers from a Defined Polydimethylsiloxane Network. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310989. [PMID: 37783669 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite intensive research on sustainable elastomers, achieving elastic vitrimers with significantly improved mechanical properties and recyclability remains a scientific challenge. Herein, inspired by the classical elasticity theory, we present a design principle for ultra-tough and highly recyclable elastic vitrimers with a defined network constructed by chemically crosslinking the pre-synthesized disulfide-containing polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chains with tetra-arm polyethylene glycol (PEG). The defined network is achieved by the reduced dangling short chains and the relatively uniform molecular weight of network strands. Such elastic vitrimers with the defined network, i.e., PDMS-disulfide-D, exhibit significantly improved mechanical performance than random analogous, previously reported PDMS vitrimers, and even commercial silicone-based thermosets. Moreover, unlike the vitrimers with random network that show obvious loss in mechanical properties after recycling, those with the defined network enable excellent thermal recyclability. The PDMS-disulfide-D also deliver comparable electrochemical signals if utilized as substrates for electromyography sensors after the recycling. The multiple relaxation processes are revealed via a unique physical approach. Multiple techniques are also applied to unravel the microscopic mechanism of the excellent mechanical performance and recyclability of such defined network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Luo
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN-37830, USA
| | - Xiao Zhao
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN-37830, USA
| | - Hao Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiangjun Chen
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA-92093, USA
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN-37996, USA
| | - Zoriana Demchuk
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN-37830, USA
| | - Bingrui Li
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN-37996, USA
| | - Vera Bocharova
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN-37830, USA
| | | | - Jong K Keum
- Center for Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN-37830, USA
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN-37830, USA
| | - Sheng Xu
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA-92093, USA
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN-37830, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN-37996, USA
| | - Jiayao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Peng-Fei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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6
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Li B, Ge S, Zhao S, Xing K, Sokolov AP, Cao PF, Saito T. Puncture-resistant self-healing polymers with multi-cycle adhesion and rapid healability. Mater Horiz 2023. [PMID: 37403693 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00481c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
The structural design of self-healing materials determines the ultimate performance of the product that can be used in a wide range of applications. Incorporating intrinsic self-healing moieties into puncture-resistant materials could significantly improve the failure resistance and product longevity, since their rapidly rebuilt bonds will provide additional recovery force to resist the external force. Herein, we present a series of tailored urea-modified poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based self-healing polymers (U-PDMS-SPs) that exhibit excellent puncture-resistant properties, fast autonomous self-healing, multi-cycle adhesion capabilities, and well-tunable mechanical properties. Controlling the composition of chemical and physical cross-links enables the U-PDMS-SPs to have an extensibility of 528% and a toughness of 0.6 MJ m-3. U-PDMS-SPs exhibit fast autonomous self-healability with 25% strain recovery within 2 minutes of healing, and over 90% toughness recovery after 16 hours. We further demonstrate its puncture-resistant properties under the ASTM D5748 standard with an unbreakable feature. Furthermore, the multi-cycle adhesive properties of U-PDMS-SPs are also revealed. High puncture resistance (>327 mJ) and facile adhesion with rapid autonomous self-healability will have a broad impact on the design of adhesives, roofing materials, and many other functional materials with enhanced longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingrui Li
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Sirui Ge
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Kunyue Xing
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA.
| | - Peng-Fei Cao
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA.
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Tomonori Saito
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA.
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7
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Popov I, Zhu Z, Young-Gonzales AR, Sacci RL, Mamontov E, Gainaru C, Paddison SJ, Sokolov AP. Search for a Grotthuss mechanism through the observation of proton transfer. Commun Chem 2023; 6:77. [PMID: 37087505 PMCID: PMC10122652 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00878-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The transport of protons is critical in a variety of bio- and electro-chemical processes and technologies. The Grotthuss mechanism is considered to be the most efficient proton transport mechanism, generally implying a transfer of protons between 'chains' of host molecules via elementary reactions within the hydrogen bonds. Although Grotthuss proposed this concept more than 200 years ago, only indirect experimental evidence of the mechanism has been observed. Here we report the first experimental observation of proton transfer between the molecules in pure and 85% aqueous phosphoric acid. Employing dielectric spectroscopy, quasielastic neutron, and light scattering, and ab initio molecular dynamic simulations we determined that protons move by surprisingly short jumps of only ~0.5-0.7 Å, much smaller than the typical ion jump length in ionic liquids. Our analysis confirms the existence of correlations in these proton jumps. However, these correlations actually reduce the conductivity, in contrast to a desirable enhancement, as is usually assumed by a Grotthuss mechanism. Furthermore, our analysis suggests that the expected Grotthuss-like enhancement of conductivity cannot be realized in bulk liquids where ionic correlations always decrease conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Popov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Zhenghao Zhu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | | | - Robert L Sacci
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Eugene Mamontov
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Catalin Gainaru
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Stephen J Paddison
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
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8
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Ge S, Carden GP, Samanta S, Li B, Popov I, Cao PF, Sokolov AP. Associating Polymers in the Strong Interaction Regime: Validation of the Bond Lifetime Renormalization Model. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sirui Ge
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Gregory Peyton Carden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Subarna Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Bingrui Li
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Ivan Popov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Peng-Fei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
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9
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Genix AC, Bocharova V, Carroll B, Dieudonné-George P, Chauveau E, Sokolov AP, Oberdisse J. Influence of the Graft Length on Nanocomposite Structure and Interfacial Dynamics. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:748. [PMID: 36839117 PMCID: PMC9960434 DOI: 10.3390/nano13040748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Both the dispersion state of nanoparticles (NPs) within polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) and the dynamical state of the polymer altered by the presence of the NP/polymer interfaces have a strong impact on the macroscopic properties of PNCs. In particular, mechanical properties are strongly affected by percolation of hard phases, which may be NP networks, dynamically modified polymer regions, or combinations of both. In this article, the impact on dispersion and dynamics of surface modification of the NPs by short monomethoxysilanes with eight carbons in the alkyl part (C8) is studied. As a function of grafting density and particle content, polymer dynamics is followed by broadband dielectric spectroscopy and analyzed by an interfacial layer model, whereas the particle dispersion is investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering and analyzed by reverse Monte Carlo simulations. NP dispersions are found to be destabilized only at the highest grafting. The interfacial layer formalism allows the clear identification of the volume fraction of interfacial polymer, with its characteristic time. The strongest dynamical slow-down in the polymer is found for unmodified NPs, while grafting weakens this effect progressively. The combination of all three techniques enables a unique measurement of the true thickness of the interfacial layer, which is ca. 5 nm. Finally, the comparison between longer (C18) and shorter (C8) grafts provides unprecedented insight into the efficacy and tunability of surface modification. It is shown that C8-grafting allows for a more progressive tuning, which goes beyond a pure mass effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Caroline Genix
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Vera Bocharova
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Bobby Carroll
- Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | | | - Edouard Chauveau
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Julian Oberdisse
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, F-34095 Montpellier, France
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10
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Genix AC, Bocharova V, Carroll B, Dieudonné-George P, Chauveau E, Sokolov AP, Oberdisse J. How Tuning Interfaces Impacts the Dynamics and Structure of Polymer Nanocomposites Simultaneously. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:7496-7510. [PMID: 36700938 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fundamental understanding of the macroscopic properties of polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) remains difficult due to the complex interplay of microscopic dynamics and structure, namely interfacial layer relaxations and three-dimensional nanoparticle (NP) arrangements. The effect of surface modification by alkyl methoxysilanes at different grafting densities has been studied in PNCs made of poly(2-vinylpyridine) and spherical 20 nm silica NPs. The segmental dynamics has been probed by broadband dielectric spectroscopy and the filler structure by small-angle X-ray scattering and reverse Monte Carlo simulations. By combining the particle configurations with the interfacial layer properties, it is shown how surface modification tunes the attractive polymer-particle interactions: bare NPs slow down the polymer interfacial layer dynamics over a thickness of ca. 5 nm, while grafting screens these interactions. Our analysis of interparticle spacings and segmental dynamics provides unprecedented insights into the effect of surface modification on the main characteristics of PNCs: particle interactions and polymer interfacial layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Caroline Genix
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, F-34095Montpellier, France
| | - Vera Bocharova
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Bobby Carroll
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | | | - Edouard Chauveau
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, F-34095Montpellier, France
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee37996, United States
| | - Julian Oberdisse
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, F-34095Montpellier, France
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11
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Abstract
Self-healing materials open new prospects for more sustainable technologies with improved material performance and devices' longevity. We present an overview of the recent developments in the field of intrinsically self-healing polymers, the broad class of materials based mostly on polymers with dynamic covalent and noncovalent bonds. We describe the current models of self-healing mechanisms and discuss several examples of systems with different types of dynamic bonds, from various hydrogen bonds to dynamic covalent bonds. The recent advances indicate that the most intriguing results are obtained on the systems that have combined different types of dynamic bonds. These materials demonstrate high toughness along with a relatively fast self-healing rate. There is a clear trade-off relationship between the rate of self-healing and mechanical modulus of the materials, and we propose design principles of polymers toward surpassing this trade-off. We also discuss various applications of intrinsically self-healing polymers in different technologies and summarize the current challenges in the field. This review intends to provide guidance for the design of intrinsic self-healing polymers with required properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingrui Li
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee37996, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37830, United States
| | - Peng-Fei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing100029, China
| | - Tomonori Saito
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37830, United States
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37830, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee37996, United States
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12
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Martins ML, Lin X, Gainaru C, Keum JK, Cummings PT, Sokolov AP, Sacci RL, Mamontov E. Structure-Dynamics Interrelation Governing Charge Transport in Cosolvated Acetonitrile/LiTFSI Solutions. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:308-320. [PMID: 36577128 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c07327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Concentrated ionic solutions present a potential improvement for liquid electrolytes. However, their conductivity is limited by high viscosities, which can be attenuated via cosolvation. This study employs a series of experiments and molecular dynamics simulations to investigate how different cosolvents influence the local structure and charge transport in concentrated lithium bis(trifluoromethane-sulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI)/acetonitrile solutions. Regardless of whether the cosolvent's dielectric constant is low (for toluene and dichloromethane), moderate (acetone), or high (methanol and water), they preserve the structural and dynamical features of the cosolvent-free precursor. However, the dissimilar effects of each case must be individually interpreted. Toluene and dichloromethane reduce the conductivity by narrowing the distribution of Li+-TFSI- interactions and increasing the activation energies for ionic motions. Methanol and water broaden the distributions of Li+-TFSI- interactions, replace acetonitrile in the Li+ solvation, and favor short-range Li+-Li+ interactions. Still, these cosolvents strongly interact with TFSI-, leading to conductivities lower than that predicted by the Nernst-Einstein relation. Finally, acetone preserves the ion-ion interactions from the cosolvent-free solution but forms large solvation complexes by joining acetonitrile in the Li+ solvation. We demonstrate that cosolvation affects conductivity beyond simply changing viscosity and provide fairly unexplored molecular-scale perspectives regarding structure/transport phenomena relation in concentrated ionic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murillo L Martins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee37996, United States
| | - Xiaobo Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee37235, United States
| | - Catalin Gainaru
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Jong K Keum
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008 MS6455, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States.,Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Peter T Cummings
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee37235, United States
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee37996, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Robert L Sacci
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Eugene Mamontov
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008 MS6455, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
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13
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Shan X, Zhao S, Ma M, Pan Y, Xiao Z, Li B, Sokolov AP, Tian M, Yang H, Cao PF. Single-Ion Conducting Polymeric Protective Interlayer for Stable Solid Lithium-Metal Batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:56110-56119. [PMID: 36490324 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
With many reported attempts on fabricating single-ion conducting polymer electrolytes, they still suffer from low ionic conductivity, narrow voltage window, and high cost. Herein, we report an unprecedented approach on improving the cationic transport number (tLi+) of the polymer electrolyte, i.e., single-ion conducting polymeric protective interlayer (SIPPI), which is designed between the conventional polymer electrolyte (PVEC) and Li-metal electrode. Satisfied ionic conductivity (1 mS cm-1, 30 °C), high tLi+ (0.79), and wide-area voltage stability are realized by coupling the SIPPI with the PVEC electrolyte. Benefiting from this unique design, the Li symmetrical cell with the SIPPI shows stable cycling over 6000 h at 3 mA cm-2, and the full cell with the SIPPI exhibits stable cycling performance with a capacity retention of 86% over 1000 cycles at 1 C and 25 °C. This incorporated SIPPI on the Li anode presents an alternative strategy for enabling high-energy density, long cycling lifetime, and safe and cost-effective solid-state batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Shan
- Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Mengxiang Ma
- Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yiyang Pan
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 10019, China
| | - Zhenxue Xiao
- Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Bingrui Li
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Ming Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Huabin Yang
- Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Peng-Fei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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14
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Porcarelli L, Olmedo-Martínez JL, Sutton P, Bocharova V, Fdz De Anastro A, Galceran M, Sokolov AP, Howlett PC, Forsyth M, Mecerreyes D. Task-Specific Phosphonium Iongels by Fast UV-Photopolymerization for Solid-State Sodium Metal Batteries. Gels 2022; 8:gels8110725. [PMID: 36354633 PMCID: PMC9689987 DOI: 10.3390/gels8110725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium metal batteries are an emerging technology that shows promise in terms of materials availability with respect to lithium batteries. Solid electrolytes are needed to tackle the safety issues related to sodium metal. In this work, a simple method to prepare a mechanically robust and efficient soft solid electrolyte for sodium batteries is demonstrated. A task-specific iongel electrolyte was prepared by combining in a simple process the excellent performance of sodium metal electrodes of an ionic liquid electrolyte and the mechanical properties of polymers. The iongel was synthesized by fast (<1 min) UV photopolymerization of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) in the presence of a saturated 42%mol solution of sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (NaFSI) in trimethyl iso-butyl phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (P111i4FSI). The resulting soft solid electrolytes showed high ionic conductivity at room temperature (≥10−3 S cm−1) and tunable storage modulus (104−107 Pa). Iongel with the best ionic conductivity and good mechanical properties (Iongel10) showed excellent battery performance: Na/iongel/NaFePO4 full cells delivered a high specific capacity of 140 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C and 120 mAh g−1 at 1 C with good capacity retention after 30 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Porcarelli
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Av. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science and Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Melbourne 3216, Australia
| | - Jorge L. Olmedo-Martínez
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Av. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Preston Sutton
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science and Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Melbourne 3216, Australia
| | - Vera Bocharova
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Asier Fdz De Anastro
- Center for Cooperative Rersearch on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Alava, Albert Einstein 48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Montserrat Galceran
- Center for Cooperative Rersearch on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Alava, Albert Einstein 48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Patrick C. Howlett
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science and Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Melbourne 3216, Australia
| | - Maria Forsyth
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Av. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science and Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Melbourne 3216, Australia
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
| | - David Mecerreyes
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Av. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48011 Bilbao, Spain
- Correspondence:
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15
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Zhu J, Zhao S, Luo J, Niu W, Damron JT, Zhang Z, Rahman MA, Arnould MA, Saito T, Advincula R, Sokolov AP, Sumpter B, Cao PF. A Novel Dynamic Polymer Synthesis
via
Chlorinated Solvent Quenched Depolymerization. CCS Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.31635/ccschem.022.202202362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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16
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Novikov VN, Sokolov AP. Temperature Dependence of Structural Relaxation in Glass-Forming Liquids and Polymers. Entropy (Basel) 2022; 24:1101. [PMID: 36010765 PMCID: PMC9407199 DOI: 10.3390/e24081101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the microscopic mechanism of the transition of glass remains one of the most challenging topics in Condensed Matter Physics. What controls the sharp slowing down of molecular motion upon approaching the glass transition temperature Tg, whether there is an underlying thermodynamic transition at some finite temperature below Tg, what the role of cooperativity and heterogeneity are, and many other questions continue to be topics of active discussions. This review focuses on the mechanisms that control the steepness of the temperature dependence of structural relaxation (fragility) in glass-forming liquids. We present a brief overview of the basic theoretical models and their experimental tests, analyzing their predictions for fragility and emphasizing the successes and failures of the models. Special attention is focused on the connection of fast dynamics on picosecond time scales to the behavior of structural relaxation on much longer time scales. A separate section discusses the specific case of polymeric glass-forming liquids, which usually have extremely high fragility. We emphasize the apparent difference between the glass transitions in polymers and small molecules. We also discuss the possible role of quantum effects in the glass transition of light molecules and highlight the recent discovery of the unusually low fragility of water. At the end, we formulate the major challenges and questions remaining in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir N. Novikov
- Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry and Joint Institute for Neutron Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
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17
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Biernacka K, Makhlooghiazad F, Popov I, Zhu H, Chotard JN, O'Dell LA, Sokolov AP, Pringle JM, Forsyth M. Exploration of phase diagram, structural and dynamic behavior of [HMG][FSI] mixtures with NaFSI across an extended composition range. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:16712-16723. [PMID: 35770687 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01910h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hexamethylguanidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide ([HMG][FSI]) has recently been shown to be a promising solid state organic ionic plastic crystal with potential application in advanced alkali metal batteries. This study provides a detailed exploration of the structural and dynamic behavior of [HMG][FSI] mixtures with the sodium salt NaFSI across the whole composition range from 0 to 100 mol%. All mixtures are solids at room temperature. A combination of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD) and multinuclear solid state NMR spectroscopy is employed to identify a partial phase diagram. The 25 mol% NaFSI/75 mol% [HMG][FSI] composition presents as the eutectic composition with the eutectic transition temperature at 44 °C. Both DSC and SXRD strongly support the formation of a new compound near 50 mol% NaFSI. Interestingly, the 53 mol% NaFSI [HMG][FSI] composition was consistently found to display features of a pure compound whereas the 50 mol% materials always showed a second phase. Many of the compositions examined showed unusual metastable behaviour. Moreover, the ion dynamics as determined by NMR, indicate that the Na+ and FSI- anions are signifcantly more mobile than the HMG cation in the liquid state (including the metastable state) for these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Biernacka
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Faezeh Makhlooghiazad
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Ivan Popov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Haijin Zhu
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Jean-Noël Chotard
- Laboratoire de Réactivité et de Chimie des Solides (LRCS), CNRS UMR 7314, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Luke A O'Dell
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Jennifer M Pringle
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Maria Forsyth
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science (ACES), Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
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18
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Popov I, Khamzin A, Matsumoto RA, Zhao W, Lin X, Cummings PT, Sokolov AP. Controlling the Ion Transport Number in Solvent-in-Salt Solutions. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:4572-4583. [PMID: 35687852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c02218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Solvent-in-salt (SIS) systems present promising materials for the next generation of energy storage applications. The ion dynamics is significantly different in these systems from that of ionic liquids and diluted salt solutions. In this study, we analyze the ion dynamics of two salts, Li-TFSI and Li-FSI, in highly concentrated aqueous and acetonitrile solutions. We performed high-frequency dielectric measurements covering the range of up to 50 GHz and molecular dynamics simulations. The analysis of the conductivity spectra provides the characteristic crossover time between individual charge rearrangements and the normal charge diffusion regime resulting in DC conductivity. Analysis revealed that the onset of normal charge diffusion occurs at the scale of ∼1.5-3.5 Å, comparable to the average distance between the ions. Based on the idea of momentum conservation, distinct ion correlations were estimated experimentally and computationally. The analysis revealed that cation-anion correlations can be suppressed by changing the solvent concentration in SIS systems, leading to an increase of the light ion (Li+ in our case) transport number. This discovery suggests a way for improving the light cation transport number in SIS systems by tuning the solvent concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Popov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Airat Khamzin
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Tatarstan 420008, Russia
| | - Ray A Matsumoto
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Xiaobo Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Peter T Cummings
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalin P. Gainaru
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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20
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Ge S, Samanta S, Li B, Carden GP, Cao PF, Sokolov AP. Unravelling the Mechanism of Viscoelasticity in Polymers with Phase-Separated Dynamic Bonds. ACS Nano 2022; 16:4746-4755. [PMID: 35234439 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Incorporation of dynamic (reversible) bonds within polymer structure enables properties such as self-healing, shape transformation, and recyclability. These dynamic bonds, sometimes refer as stickers, can form clusters by phase-segregation from the polymer matrix. These systems can exhibit interesting viscoelastic properties with an unusually high and extremely long rubbery plateau. Understanding how viscoelastic properties of these materials are controlled by the hierarchical structure is crucial for engineering of recyclable materials for various future applications. Here we studied such systems made from short telechelic polydimethylsiloxane chains by employing a broad range of experimental techniques. We demonstrate that formation of a percolated network of interfacial layers surrounding clusters enhances mechanical modulus in these phase-separated systems, whereas single chain hopping between the clusters results in macroscopic flow. On the basis of the results, we formulated a general scenario describing viscoelastic properties of phase-separated dynamic polymers, which will foster development of recyclable materials with tunable rheological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirui Ge
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Subarna Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Bingrui Li
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - G Peyton Carden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Peng-Fei Cao
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
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21
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Ghosh A, Samanta S, Ge S, Sokolov AP, Schweizer KS. Influence of Attractive Functional Groups on the Segmental Dynamics and Glass Transition in Associating Polymers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashesh Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Subarna Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Sirui Ge
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Kenneth S. Schweizer
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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22
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Mamontov E, Bordallo HN, Delaire O, Nickels J, Peters J, Schneider GJ, Smith JC, Sokolov AP. Broadband Wide-Angle VElocity Selector (BWAVES) neutron spectrometer designed for the SNS Second Target Station. EPJ Web Conf 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202227202003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A recently proposed wide-angle velocity selector (WAVES) device for choosing the velocity of detected neutrons after they have been scattered by the sample paves the way for inverted geometry neutron spectrometers with continuously adjustable final neutron wavelength. BWAVES broadband inverted geometry spectrometer proposed for the Second Target Station at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory is designed using WAVES to simultaneously probe dynamic processes spanning 4.5 decades in time (energy transfer). This makes BWAVES a uniquely flexible instrument which can be viewed as either a quasielasitc neutron scattering (QENS) spectrometer with a practically unlimited (overlapping with the vibrational excitations) range of energy transfers, or a broadband inelastic vibrational neutron spectrometer with QENS capabilities, including a range of accessible momentum transfer (Q) and a sufficiently high energy resolution at the elastic line. The new capabilities offered by BWAVES will expand the application of neutron scattering in ways not possible with existing neutron spectrometers.
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23
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Zhao S, Song S, Wang Y, Keum J, Zhu J, He Y, Sokolov AP, Cao PF. Unraveling the Role of Neutral Units for Single-Ion Conducting Polymer Electrolytes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:51525-51534. [PMID: 34693714 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the cationic transference number close to unity, single-ion conducting polymer electrolytes (SICPEs) are recognized as an advanced electrolyte system with improved energy efficiency for battery application. The relatively low ionic conductivity for most of the SICPEs in comparison with liquid electrolytes remains the major "bottleneck" for their practical applications. Polyethylene oxide (PEO) has been recognized as a benchmark for solid polymer electrolytes due to its high salt solubility and reasonable ionic conductivity. PEO has two advantages: (i) the polar ether groups coordinate well with lithium ions (Li+) providing good dissociation from anions, and (ii) the low Tg provides fast segmental dynamics at ambient temperature and assists rapid charge transport. These properties lead to active use of PEO as neutral plasticizing units in SICPEs. Herein, we present a detailed comparison of new SICPEs copolymerized with PEO units vs SICPEs copolymerized with other types of neutral units possessing either flexible or polar structures. The presented analysis revealed that the polarity of side chains has a limited influence on ion dissociation for copolymer-type SICPEs. The Li+-ion dissociation seems to be controlled by the charge delocalization on the polymerized anion. With good miscibility between plasticizing neutral units and ionic conductive units, the ambient ionic conductivity of synthesized SICPEs is still mainly controlled by the Tg of the copolymer. This work sheds light on the dominating role of PEO in SICPE systems and provides helpful guidance for designing polymer electrolytes with new functionalities and structures. Furthermore, based on the presented results, we propose that designing polyanions with a highly delocalized charge may be another promising route for achieving sufficient lithium ionic conductivity in solvent-free SICPEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Shenghan Song
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Yingqi Wang
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Jong Keum
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science and Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Jiadeng Zhu
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Yi He
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Peng-Fei Cao
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
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24
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Rahman MA, Bowland C, Ge S, Acharya SR, Kim S, Cooper VR, Chen XC, Irle S, Sokolov AP, Savara A, Saito T. Design of tough adhesive from commodity thermoplastics through dynamic crosslinking. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabk2451. [PMID: 34652933 PMCID: PMC8519568 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abk2451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Tough adhesives provide resistance against high debonding forces, and these adhesives are difficult to design because of the simultaneous requirement of strength and ductility. Here, we report a design of tough reversible/recyclable adhesive materials enabled by incorporating dynamic covalent bonds of boronic ester into commodity triblock thermoplastic elastomers that reversibly bind with various fillers and substrates. The spectroscopic measurements and density functional theory calculations unveil versatile dynamic covalent binding of boronic ester with various hydroxy-terminated surfaces such as silica nanoparticles, aluminum, steel, and glass. The designed multiphase material exhibits exceptionally high adhesion strength and work of debonding with a rebonding capability, as well as outstanding mechanical, thermal, and chemical resistance properties. Bonding and debonding at the interfaces dictate hybrid material properties, and this revelation of tailored dynamic interactions with multiple interfaces will open up a new design of adhesives and hybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Anisur Rahman
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Christopher Bowland
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Sirui Ge
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Shree Ram Acharya
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Sungjin Kim
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Valentino R. Cooper
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - X. Chelsea Chen
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Stephan Irle
- Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Aditya Savara
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Tomonori Saito
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
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25
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Abstract
Polymeric materials play critical role in many current technologies. Among them, adaptive polymeric materials with dynamic (reversible) bonds exhibit unique properties and provide exciting opportunities for various future technologies. Dynamic bonds enable structural rearrangements in polymer networks in specific conditions. Replacement of a few covalent bonds by dynamic bonds can enhance polymeric properties, e.g., strongly improve the toughness and the adhesive properties of polymers. Moreover, they provide recyclability and enable new properties, such as self-healing and shape memory effects. We briefly overview new developments in the field of polymers with dynamic bonds and current understanding of their dynamic properties. We further highlight several examples of unique properties of polymers with dynamic bonds and provide our perspectives for them to be used in many current and future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subarna Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Sungjin Kim
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Tomonori Saito
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
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26
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Genix AC, Bocharova V, Carroll B, Dieudonné-George P, Sztucki M, Schweins R, Sokolov AP, Oberdisse J. Direct Structural Evidence for Interfacial Gradients in Asymmetric Polymer Nanocomposite Blends. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:36262-36274. [PMID: 34291639 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the complex structure of polymer blends filled with nanoparticles (NPs) is key to design their macroscopic properties. Here, the spatial distribution of hydrogenated (H) and deuterated (D) polymer chains asymmetric in mass is studied by small-angle neutron scattering. Depending on the chain mass, a qualitatively new large-scale organization of poly(vinyl acetate) chains beyond the random-phase approximation is evidenced in nanocomposites with attractive polymer-silica interactions. The silica is found to systematically induce bulk segregation. Only with long H-chains, a strong scattering signature is observed in the q range of the NP size: it is the sign of interfacial isotopic enrichment, that is, of contrasted polymer shells close to the NP surface. A quantitative model describing both the bulk segregation and the interfacial gradient (over ca. 10-20 nm depending on the NP size) is developed, showing that both are of comparable strength. In all cases, NP surfaces trap the polymer blend in a non-equilibrium state, with preferential adsorption around NPs only if the chain length and isotopic preference toward the surface combine their entropic and enthalpic driving forces. This structural evidence for interfacial polymer gradients will open the road for quantitative understanding of the dynamics of many-chain nanocomposite systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Caroline Genix
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Vera Bocharova
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Bobby Carroll
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | | | - Michael Sztucki
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Laue-Langevin, DS/LSS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20156, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Julian Oberdisse
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, F-34095 Montpellier, France
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27
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Yavitt BM, Salatto D, Zhou Y, Huang Z, Endoh M, Wiegart L, Bocharova V, Ribbe AE, Sokolov AP, Schweizer KS, Koga T. Collective Nanoparticle Dynamics Associated with Bridging Network Formation in Model Polymer Nanocomposites. ACS Nano 2021; 15:11501-11513. [PMID: 34128655 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c01283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The addition of nanoparticles (NPs) to polymers is a powerful method to improve the mechanical and other properties of macromolecular materials. Such hybrid polymer-particle systems are also rich in fundamental soft matter physics. Among several factors contributing to mechanical reinforcement, a polymer-mediated NP network is considered to be the most important in polymer nanocomposites (PNCs). Here, we present an integrated experimental-theoretical study of the collective NP dynamics in model PNCs using X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy and microscopic statistical mechanics theory. Silica NPs dispersed in unentangled or entangled poly(2-vinylpyridine) matrices over a range of NP loadings are used. Static collective structure factors of the NP subsystems at temperatures above the bulk glass transition temperature reveal the formation of a network-like microstructure via polymer-mediated bridges at high NP loadings above the percolation threshold. The NP collective relaxation times are up to 3 orders of magnitude longer than the self-diffusion limit of isolated NPs and display a rich dependence with observation wavevector and NP loading. A mode-coupling theory dynamical analysis that incorporates the static polymer-mediated bridging structure and collective motions of NPs is performed. It captures well both the observed scattering wavevector and NP loading dependences of the collective NP dynamics in the unentangled polymer matrix, with modest quantitative deviations emerging for the entangled PNC samples. Additionally, we identify an unusual and weak temperature dependence of collective NP dynamics, in qualitative contrast with the mechanical response. Hence, the present study has revealed key aspects of the collective motions of NPs connected by polymer bridges in contact with a viscous adsorbing polymer medium and identifies some outstanding remaining challenges for the theoretical understanding of these complex soft materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Yavitt
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, United States
| | - Daniel Salatto
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, United States
| | - Yuxing Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Zhixing Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, United States
| | - Maya Endoh
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, United States
| | - Lutz Wiegart
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11793, United States
| | - Vera Bocharova
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Alexander E Ribbe
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Kenneth S Schweizer
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Tadanori Koga
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2275, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
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28
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Ahlmann S, Münzner P, Moch K, Sokolov AP, Böhmer R, Gainaru C. The relationship between charge and molecular dynamics in viscous acid hydrates. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:014505. [PMID: 34241375 DOI: 10.1063/5.0055179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oscillatory shear rheology has been employed to access the structural rearrangements of deeply supercooled sulfuric acid tetrahydrate (SA4H) and phosphoric acid monohydrate, the latter in protonated (PA1H) and deuterated (PA1D) forms. Their viscoelastic responses are analyzed in relation to their previously investigated electric conductivity. The comparison of the also presently reported dielectric response of deuterated sulfuric acid tetrahydrate (SA4D) and that of its protonated analog SA4H reveals an absence of isotope effects for the charge transport in this hydrate. This finding clearly contrasts with the situation known for PA1H and PA1D. Our analyses also demonstrate that the conductivity relaxation profiles of acid hydrides closely resemble those exhibited by classical ionic electrolytes, even though the charge transport in phosphoric acid hydrates is dominated by proton transfer processes. At variance with this dielectric simplicity, the viscoelastic responses of these materials depend on their structural compositions. While SA4H displays a "simple liquid"-like viscoelastic behavior, the mechanical responses of PA1H and PA1D are more complex, revealing relaxation modes, which are faster than their ubiquitous structural rearrangements. Interestingly, the characteristic rates of these fast mechanical relaxations agree well with the characteristic frequencies of the charge rearrangements probed in the dielectric investigations, suggesting appearance of a proton transfer in mechanical relaxation of phosphoric acid hydrates. These findings open the exciting perspective of exploiting shear rheology to access not only the dynamics of the matrix but also that of the charge carriers in highly viscous decoupled conductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ahlmann
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - P Münzner
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - K Moch
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - A P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - R Böhmer
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - C Gainaru
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
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29
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Ge S, Samanta S, Tress M, Li B, Xing K, Dieudonné-George P, Genix AC, Cao PF, Dadmun M, Sokolov AP. Critical Role of the Interfacial Layer in Associating Polymers with Microphase Separation. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sirui Ge
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Subarna Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Martin Tress
- Peter Debye Institute for Soft Matter Physics, Leipzig University, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Bingrui Li
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Kunyue Xing
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | | | - Anne-Caroline Genix
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Peng-Fei Cao
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Mark Dadmun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
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30
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Tress M, Ge S, Xing K, Cao PF, Saito T, Genix AC, Sokolov AP. Turning Rubber into a Glass: Mechanical Reinforcement by Microphase Separation. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:197-202. [PMID: 35570778 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular associations provide a promising route to functional materials with properties such as self-healing, easy recyclability or extraordinary mechanical strength and toughness. The latter benefit especially from the transient character of the formed network, which enables dissipation of energy as well as regeneration of the internal structures. However, recent investigations revealed intrinsic limitations in the achievable mechanical enhancement. This manuscript presents studies of a set of telechelic polymers with hydrogen-bonding chain ends exhibiting an extraordinarily high, almost glass-like, rubbery plateau. This is ascribed to the segregation of the associative ends into clusters and formation of an interfacial layer surrounding these clusters. An approach adopted from the field of polymer nanocomposites provides a quantitative description of the data and reveals the strongly altered mechanical properties of the polymer in the interfacial layer. These results demonstrate how employing phase separating dynamic bonds can lead to the creation of high-performance materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Tress
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Department of Chemistry, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Sirui Ge
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Department of Materials Science, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Kunyue Xing
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Department of Chemistry, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Peng-Fei Cao
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Tomonori Saito
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Anne-Caroline Genix
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Department of Chemistry, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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31
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Yang G, Li X, Cheng Y, Wang M, Ma D, Sokolov AP, Kalinin SV, Veith GM, Nanda J. Distilling nanoscale heterogeneity of amorphous silicon using tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) via multiresolution manifold learning. Nat Commun 2021; 12:578. [PMID: 33495465 PMCID: PMC7835247 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20691-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurately identifying the local structural heterogeneity of complex, disordered amorphous materials such as amorphous silicon is crucial for accelerating technology development. However, short-range atomic ordering quantification and nanoscale spatial resolution over a large area on a-Si have remained major challenges and practically unexplored. We resolve phonon vibrational modes of a-Si at a lateral resolution of <60 nm by tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. To project the high dimensional TERS imaging to a two-dimensional manifold space and categorize amorphous silicon structure, we developed a multiresolution manifold learning algorithm. It allows for quantifying average Si-Si distortion angle and the strain free energy at nanoscale without a human-specified physical threshold. The multiresolution feature of the multiresolution manifold learning allows for distilling local defects of ultra-low abundance (< 0.3%), presenting a new Raman mode at finer resolution grids. This work promises a general paradigm of resolving nanoscale structural heterogeneity and updating domain knowledge for highly disordered materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
| | - Xin Li
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology, 1658 Pudong Beilu, Shanghai, PR, 201208, China.
| | | | - Mingchao Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Dong Ma
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | | | | | - Jagjit Nanda
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
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32
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Abstract
Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations were performed, and an extensive set of analyses were undertaken to understand the ion transport mechanism in the polymerized ionic liquid poly(C2VIm)Tf2N. The ion hopping events were investigated at different time scales. Ion hopping was examined by monitoring the instantaneous cation-anion association and dissociation. Ion diffusion was subsequently evaluated with correlation functions and the calculation of relaxation times at different time scales. Dynamical heterogeneity in the mobility of the ions was observed with only a small portion of the anions classified as fast mobile ions. The mobile ions were characterized as the ones traveling farther than a certain distance during a characteristic period, which was much longer than the time scale of the instant ion pair dissociation. Effective hopping of the mobile ions contributed to the diffusivity which was dominated by interchain hopping and generally facilitated with five associating cations from two different polymer chains. Mobile anions had relatively fewer associating cations from more associating chains than immobile anions. The stringlike cooperative motion was observed in the mobile anions. The string length was determined to decrease with increasing temperature. These findings provided an in-depth understanding of the ion transport in polymerized ionic liquids and important information for the rational design of novel materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Xubo Luo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Stephen J Paddison
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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33
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Young-Gonzales AR, Paddison SJ, Sokolov AP. Tuning proton conductivity and energy barriers for proton transfer. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:014503. [PMID: 33412878 DOI: 10.1063/5.0032512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Proton transport is critical for many technologies and for a variety of biochemical and biophysical processes. Proton transfer between molecules (via structural diffusion) is considered to be an efficient mechanism in highly proton conducting materials. Yet, the mechanism and what controls energy barriers for this process remain poorly understood. It was shown that mixing phosphoric acid (PA) with lidocaine leads to an increase in proton conductivity at the same liquid viscosity. However, recent simulations of mixtures of PA with various bases, including lidocaine, suggested no decrease in the proton transfer energy barrier. To elucidate this surprising result, we have performed broadband dielectric spectroscopy to verify the predictions of the simulations for mixtures of PA with several bases. Our results reveal that adding bases to PA increases the energy barriers for proton transfer, and the observed increase in proton conductivity at a similar viscosity appears to be related to the increase in the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the mixture. Moreover, the energy barrier seems to increase with Tg of the mixtures, emphasizing the importance of molecular mobility or interactions in the proton transfer mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen J Paddison
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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34
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Li B, Zhao S, Zhu J, Ge S, Xing K, Sokolov AP, Saito T, Cao PF. Rational Polymer Design of Stretchable Poly(ionic liquid) Membranes for Dual Applications. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingrui Li
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Jiadeng Zhu
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Sirui Ge
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Kunyue Xing
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Tomonori Saito
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Peng-Fei Cao
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
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35
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Bocharova V, Genix AC, Kisliuk A, Sala G, Osti NC, Mamontov E, Sokolov AP. Role of Fast Dynamics in Conductivity of Polymerized Ionic Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:10539-10545. [PMID: 33164513 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c07549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Polymerized ionic liquids (PolyILs) are promising candidates for a broad range of technologies. However, the relatively low conductivity of PolyILs at room temperature has strongly limited their applications. In this work, we provide new insights into the roles of various microscopic parameters controlling ion transport in these polymers, which are crucial for their rational design and practical applications. Using broadband dielectric spectroscopy and neutron and light scattering techniques, we found a clear connection between the activation energy for conductivity, fast dynamics, and high-frequency shear modulus in PolyILs at their glass transition temperature (Tg). In particular, our analysis reveals a correlation between conductivity and the amplitude of fast picosecond fluctuations at Tg, suggesting the possible involvement of fast dynamics in lowering the energy barrier for ion conductivity. We also demonstrate that both the activation energy for ion transport and the amplitude of the fast fluctuations depend on the high-frequency shear moduli of PolyILs, thus identifying a practically important parameter for tuning conductivity. The parameters recognized in this work and their connection to the ionic conductivity of PolyILs set the stage for a deeper understanding of the mechanism of ion transport in PolyILs in the glassy state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Bocharova
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Anne-Caroline Genix
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Alexander Kisliuk
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Gabriele Sala
- Spallation Neutron Source, Second Target Station, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States.,Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Naresh C Osti
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Eugene Mamontov
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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36
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Zhou Y, Yavitt BM, Zhou Z, Bocharova V, Salatto D, Endoh MK, Ribbe AE, Sokolov AP, Koga T, Schweizer KS. Bridging-Controlled Network Microstructure and Long-Wavelength Fluctuations in Silica–Poly(2-vinylpyridine) Nanocomposites: Experimental Results and Theoretical Analysis. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Zhou
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Benjamin M. Yavitt
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Zhengping Zhou
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Vera Bocharova
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Daniel Salatto
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Maya K. Endoh
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Alexander E. Ribbe
- Department for Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Tadanori Koga
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Kenneth S. Schweizer
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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37
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Tao R, Yang G, Self EC, Liang J, Dunlap JR, Men S, Do-Thanh CL, Liu J, Zhang Y, Zhao S, Lyu H, Sokolov AP, Nanda J, Sun XG, Dai S. Ionic Liquid-Directed Nanoporous TiNb 2 O 7 Anodes with Superior Performance for Fast-Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Batteries. Small 2020; 16:e2001884. [PMID: 32567130 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202001884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanoporous TiNb2 O7 (NPTNO) material is synthesized by a sol-gel method with an ionic liquid (IL) as the nanoporous structure directing template. NPTNO exhibits a high reversible capacity of 210 mAh g-1 even at the charging rate of 50 C and an excellent cyclability of half-cell capacity retention of 74% for 1000 cycles at 5 C and LiNi0.5 Mn1.5 O4 -coupled full-cell capacity retentions of 81% and 87% for 1000 cycles at 1 C and 2 C, respectively. The studies of the 1000 cycled NPTNO electrode illustrate that the IL-directed mesoporous structure can enhance the cyclability of NPTNO cells due to the alleviation of repetitive mechanical stress and volume fluctuation induced by the repetitive Li+ insertion-extraction processes. The measured Li+ diffusion coefficients from the galvanostatic intermittent titration technique suggest that the IL-templating strategy indeed ensures the fast rechargeability of NPTNO cells based on the fast Li+ diffusion kinetics. Benefitting from the nanoporous structure, NPTNO with unhindered Li+ diffusion pathways achieves a superior rate capability in the titanium-based oxide materials and the best full-cell cyclability in the TNO materials. Therefore, the templating potential of IL is demonstrated, and the superb electrochemical performance establishes the IL-directed NPTNO as a promising anode candidate for fast-rechargeable LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runming Tao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Guang Yang
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Ethan C Self
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Jiyuan Liang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - John R Dunlap
- Joint Institute for Advanced Materials Microscopy Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Shuang Men
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Chi-Linh Do-Thanh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Jixing Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Yiman Zhang
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Hailong Lyu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Jagjit Nanda
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Xiao-Guang Sun
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Sheng Dai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
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38
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Kumar R, Mahalik JP, Silmore KS, Wojnarowska Z, Erwin A, Ankner JF, Sokolov AP, Sumpter BG, Bocharova V. Capacitance of thin films containing polymerized ionic liquids. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaba7952. [PMID: 32637617 PMCID: PMC7319767 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba7952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electrode-polymer interfaces dictate many of the properties of thin films such as capacitance, the electric field experienced by polymers, and charge transport. However, structure and dynamics of charged polymers near electrodes remain poorly understood, especially in the high concentration limit representative of the melts. To develop an understanding of electric field-induced transformations of electrode-polymer interfaces, we have studied electrified interfaces of an imidazolium-based polymerized ionic liquid (PolyIL) using combinations of broadband dielectric spectroscopy, specular neutron reflectivity, and simulations based on the Rayleigh's dissipation function formalism. Overall, we obtained the camel-shaped dependence of the capacitance on applied voltage, which originated from the responses of an adsorbed polymer layer to applied voltages. This work provides additional insights related to the effects of molecular weight in affecting structure and properties of electrode-polymer interfaces, which are essential for designing next-generation energy storage and harvesting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Kumar
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Jyoti P. Mahalik
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Kevin S. Silmore
- Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Zaneta Wojnarowska
- Institute of Physics,University of Silesia,SMCEBI, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Andrew Erwin
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - John F. Ankner
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Bobby G. Sumpter
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Vera Bocharova
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
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39
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Abstract
Electronic structure calculations were performed to understand highly decoupled conductivities recently reported in protic ionic liquids (PILs). To develop a molecular-level understanding of the mechanisms of proton conductivity in PILs, minimum-energy structures of trimethylamine, imidazole, lidocaine, and creatinine (CRT) with the addition of one to three phosphoric acid (PA) molecules were determined at the B3LYP/6-311G** level of theory with the inclusion of an implicit solvation model (SMD with ε = 61). The proton affinity of the bases and zero-point energy corrected binding energies were computed at a similar level of theory. Proton dissociation from PA occurs in all systems, resulting in the formation of ion pairs due to the relatively strong basicity of the bases (proton acceptors) and the effect of the high dielectric constant solvent in stabilizing the charge separation. The second and third PA molecules preferentially form "ring-like" hydrogen bonds with one another instead of forming hydrogen bonds at the donor and acceptor sites of the bases. Potential energy scans reveal that the bases with stronger proton affinity exert greater influence on the energetics of proton transfer between the individual PA molecules. However, the effects are minimal when shifted into a single-well from a double-well potential. Barrierless proton transfer was observed to occur in the CRT system with several PA molecules present, implying that the CRT may be a promising PA-based PIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghao Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Xubo Luo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States.,Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Stephen J Paddison
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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40
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Popov I, Carroll B, Bocharova V, Genix AC, Cheng S, Khamzin A, Kisliuk A, Sokolov AP. Strong Reduction in Amplitude of the Interfacial Segmental Dynamics in Polymer Nanocomposites. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Popov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Bobby Carroll
- Department of Physics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Vera Bocharova
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Anne-Caroline Genix
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier F-34095, France
| | - Shiwang Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lancing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Airat Khamzin
- Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, Kazan, Tatarstan 420008, Russia
| | - Alexander Kisliuk
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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41
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Cao PF, Li B, Yang G, Zhao S, Townsend J, Xing K, Qiang Z, Vogiatzis KD, Sokolov AP, Nanda J, Saito T. Elastic Single-Ion Conducting Polymer Electrolytes: Toward a Versatile Approach for Intrinsically Stretchable Functional Polymers. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Cao
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Bingrui Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Guang Yang
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Jacob Townsend
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Kunyue Xing
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Zhe Qiang
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States
| | | | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Jagjit Nanda
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Tomonori Saito
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
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42
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Cheng S, Sokolov AP. Correlation between the temperature evolution of the interfacial region and the growing dynamic cooperativity length scale. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:094904. [PMID: 33480747 DOI: 10.1063/1.5143360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shiwang Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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43
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Ge S, Tress M, Xing K, Cao PF, Saito T, Sokolov AP. Viscoelasticity in associating oligomers and polymers: experimental test of the bond lifetime renormalization model. Soft Matter 2020; 16:390-401. [PMID: 31840152 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01930h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings that the association bond lifetimes τα* in associating polymers diverge from their supramolecular network relaxation times τc challenge past theories. The bond lifetime renormalization proposed by Rubinstein and coworkers [Stukalin et al., Macromolecules, 2013, 46, 7525] provides a promising explanation. To examine systematically its applicability, we employ shear rheology and dielectric spectroscopy to study telechelic associating polymers with different main chain (polypropylene glycol and polydimethylsiloxane), molecular weight (below entanglement molecular weight) and end groups (amide, and carboxylic acid) which form dimeric associations by hydrogen bonding. The separation between τc (probed by rheology) and τα* (probed by dielectric spectroscopy) strongly increases with chain length as qualitatively predicted by the model. However, to describe the increase quantitatively, a transition from Rouse to reptation dynamics must be assumed. This suggests that dynamics of super-chains must be considered to properly describe the transient network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirui Ge
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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44
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Voylov DN, Bocharova V, Lavrik NV, Vlassiouk I, Polizos G, Volodin A, Shulga YM, Kisliuk A, Thiyagarajan T, Miller DD, Narayanan R, Sumpter BG, Sokolov AP. Noncontact tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for nanomaterials and biomedical applications. Nanoscale Adv 2019; 1:3392-3399. [PMID: 36133556 PMCID: PMC9419720 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00322c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) has been established as one the most efficient analytical techniques for probing vibrational states with nanoscale resolution. While TERS may be a source of unique information about chemical structure and interactions, it has a limited use for materials with rough or sticky surfaces. Development of the TERS approach utilizing a non-contact scanning probe microscopy mode can significantly extend the number of applications. Here we demonstrate a proof of the concept and feasibility of a non-contact TERS approach and test it on various materials. Our experiments show that non-contact TERS can provide 10 nm spatial resolution and a Raman signal enhancement factor of 105, making it very promising for chemical imaging of materials with high aspect ratio surface patterns and biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry N Voylov
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tufts University Medford Massachusetts 02155 USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA
| | - Vera Bocharova
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA
| | - Nickolay V Lavrik
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA
| | - Ivan Vlassiouk
- Energy & Transportation Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA
| | - Georgios Polizos
- Energy & Transportation Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA
| | - Alexei Volodin
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS Chernogolovka Moscow region 142432 Russia
| | - Yury M Shulga
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS Moscow 119049 Russia
| | - Alexander Kisliuk
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA
| | - Thirumagal Thiyagarajan
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis Tennessee 38103 USA
| | - Duane D Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis Tennessee 38103 USA
| | - Ramesh Narayanan
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis Tennessee 38103 USA
| | - Bobby G Sumpter
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Computational Sciences and Engineering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA
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45
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Hong T, Cao PF, Zhao S, Li B, Smith C, Lehmann M, Erwin AJ, Mahurin SM, Venna SR, Sokolov AP, Saito T. Tailored CO2-philic Gas Separation Membranes via One-Pot Thiol–ene Chemistry. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Peng-Fei Cao
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | | | - Bingrui Li
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Connor Smith
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Michelle Lehmann
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Andrew J. Erwin
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Shannon M. Mahurin
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Surendar R. Venna
- National Energy Technology Laboratory/AECOM, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Tomonori Saito
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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46
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Wieland F, Bocharova V, Münzner P, Hiller W, Sakrowski R, Sternemann C, Böhmer R, Sokolov AP, Gainaru C. Structure and dynamics of short-chain polymerized ionic liquids. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:034903. [PMID: 31325936 DOI: 10.1063/1.5109228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Combining experimental results obtained with X-ray scattering and field-gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and an assessment of new and previous dielectric and rheology data, our study focuses on the molecular weight (Mw) evolution of local structure and dynamics in a homologous series of covalently bonded ionic liquids. Performed on a family of electrolytes with a tailored degree of ionic decoupling, this study reveals the differences between monomeric and oligomeric melts with respect to their structural organization, mass and charge transport, and molecular diffusion. Our study demonstrates that for the monomeric compound, the broadband conductivity and mechanical spectra reflect the same underlying distribution of activation barriers and that the Random Barrier Model describes fairly well both the ionic and structural relaxation processes in these materials. Moreover, the oligomers with chains comprising ten segments only exhibit both structural and dynamical fingerprints of a genuine polymer. A comparison of conductivity levels estimated using the self-diffusion coefficients probed via NMR and those probed directly with dielectric spectroscopy reveals the emerging of ion correlations which are affecting the macroscopic charge transport in these materials in a chain-length dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Wieland
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - V Bocharova
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - P Münzner
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - W Hiller
- Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - R Sakrowski
- Fakultät Physik/DELTA, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - C Sternemann
- Fakultät Physik/DELTA, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - R Böhmer
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - A P Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - C Gainaru
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
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47
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Genix AC, Bocharova V, Carroll B, Lehmann M, Saito T, Krueger S, He L, Dieudonné-George P, Sokolov AP, Oberdisse J. Understanding the Static Interfacial Polymer Layer by Exploring the Dispersion States of Nanocomposites. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:17863-17872. [PMID: 31009193 PMCID: PMC6998785 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b04553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic and static properties of the interfacial region between polymer and nanoparticles have wide-ranging consequences on performances of nanomaterials. The thickness and density of the static layer are particularly difficult to assess experimentally due to superimposing nanoparticle interactions. Here, we tune the dispersion of silica nanoparticles in nanocomposites by preadsorption of polymer layers in the precursor solutions, and by varying the molecular weight of the matrix chains. Nanocomposite structures ranging from ideal dispersion to repulsive order or various degrees of aggregation are generated and observed by small-angle scattering. Preadsorbed chains are found to promote ideal dispersion, before desorption in the late stages of nanocomposite formation. The microstructure of the interfacial polymer layer is characterized by detailed modeling of X-ray and neutron scattering. Only in ideally well-dispersed systems a static interfacial layer of reduced polymer density over a thickness of ca. 2 nm is evidenced based on the analysis with a form-free density profile optimized using numerical simulations. This interfacial gradient layer is found to be independent of the thickness of the initially adsorbed polymer, but appears to be generated by out-of-equilibrium packing and folding of the preadsorbed layer. The impact of annealing is investigated to study the approach of equilibrium, showing that initially ideally well-dispersed systems adopt a repulsive hard-sphere structure, while the static interfacial layer disappears. This study thus promotes the fundamental understanding of the interplay between effects which are decisive for macroscopic material properties: polymer-mediated interparticle interactions, and particle interfacial effects on the surrounding polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Caroline Genix
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Vera Bocharova
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Bobby Carroll
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Michelle Lehmann
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Tomonori Saito
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Susan Krueger
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, NIST, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Lilin He
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | | | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Julian Oberdisse
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, F-34095 Montpellier, France
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48
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Ashkar R, Bilheux HZ, Bordallo H, Briber R, Callaway DJE, Cheng X, Chu XQ, Curtis JE, Dadmun M, Fenimore P, Fushman D, Gabel F, Gupta K, Herberle F, Heinrich F, Hong L, Katsaras J, Kelman Z, Kharlampieva E, Kneller GR, Kovalevsky A, Krueger S, Langan P, Lieberman R, Liu Y, Losche M, Lyman E, Mao Y, Marino J, Mattos C, Meilleur F, Moody P, Nickels JD, O'Dell WB, O'Neill H, Perez-Salas U, Peters J, Petridis L, Sokolov AP, Stanley C, Wagner N, Weinrich M, Weiss K, Wymore T, Zhang Y, Smith JC. Neutron scattering in the biological sciences: progress and prospects. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2018; 74:1129-1168. [PMID: 30605130 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798318017503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The scattering of neutrons can be used to provide information on the structure and dynamics of biological systems on multiple length and time scales. Pursuant to a National Science Foundation-funded workshop in February 2018, recent developments in this field are reviewed here, as well as future prospects that can be expected given recent advances in sources, instrumentation and computational power and methods. Crystallography, solution scattering, dynamics, membranes, labeling and imaging are examined. For the extraction of maximum information, the incorporation of judicious specific deuterium labeling, the integration of several types of experiment, and interpretation using high-performance computer simulation models are often found to be particularly powerful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Ashkar
- Department of Physics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 850 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Hassina Z Bilheux
- Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | | | - Robert Briber
- Materials Science and Engineeering, University of Maryland, 1109 Chemical and Nuclear Engineering Building, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - David J E Callaway
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Xiaolin Cheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, 642 Riffe Building, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xiang Qiang Chu
- Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Joseph E Curtis
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institutes of Standard and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Mark Dadmun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Paul Fenimore
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - David Fushman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Organization, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Frank Gabel
- Institut Laue-Langevin, Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Kushol Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Frederick Herberle
- Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Frank Heinrich
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institutes of Standard and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Liang Hong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - John Katsaras
- Neutron Scattering Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Zvi Kelman
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Eugenia Kharlampieva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 14th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Gerald R Kneller
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, CNRS, Université d'Orléans, Chateau de la Source, Avenue du Parc Floral, Orléans, France
| | - Andrey Kovalevsky
- Biology and Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Susan Krueger
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institutes of Standard and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Paul Langan
- Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Raquel Lieberman
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yun Liu
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institutes of Standard and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Mathias Losche
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edward Lyman
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Yimin Mao
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institutes of Standard and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - John Marino
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Carla Mattos
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Flora Meilleur
- Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Peter Moody
- Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, England
| | - Jonathan D Nickels
- Department of Physics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 850 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - William B O'Dell
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Hugh O'Neill
- Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Ursula Perez-Salas
- Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | | | - Loukas Petridis
- Materials Science and Engineeering, University of Maryland, 1109 Chemical and Nuclear Engineering Building, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Alexei P Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Christopher Stanley
- Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Norman Wagner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Michael Weinrich
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institutes of Standard and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Kevin Weiss
- Neutron Sciences Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Troy Wymore
- Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhang
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institutes of Standard and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Jeremy C Smith
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, 642 Riffe Building, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Erwin AJ, Lee H, Ge S, Zhao S, Korolovych VF, He H, Matyjaszewski K, Sokolov AP, Tsukruk VV. Viscoelastic properties and ion dynamics in star-shaped polymerized ionic liquids. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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50
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Stacy EW, Gainaru CP, Gobet M, Wojnarowska Z, Bocharova V, Greenbaum SG, Sokolov AP. Fundamental Limitations of Ionic Conductivity in Polymerized Ionic Liquids. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Catalin P. Gainaru
- Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Mallory Gobet
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College of The City University of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Zaneta Wojnarowska
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, SMCEBI, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1A, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Vera Bocharova
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Steven G. Greenbaum
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College of The City University of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Alexei P. Sokolov
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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