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Chiaradonna F, Barozzi I, Miccolo C, Bucci G, Palorini R, Fornasari L, Botrugno OA, Pruneri G, Masullo M, Passafaro A, Galimberti VE, Fantin VR, Richon VM, Pece S, Viale G, Di Fiore PP, Draetta G, Pelicci PG, Minucci S, Chiocca S. Redox-Mediated Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid Sensitivity in Breast Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 23:15-29. [PMID: 25897982 PMCID: PMC4492673 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.6189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Vorinostat (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid; SAHA) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) approved in the clinics for the treatment of T-cell lymphoma and with the potential to be effective also in breast cancer. We investigated the responsiveness to SAHA in human breast primary tumors and cancer cell lines. RESULTS We observed a differential response to drug treatment in both human breast primary tumors and cancer cell lines. Gene expression analysis of the breast cancer cell lines revealed that genes involved in cell adhesion and redox pathways, especially glutathione metabolism, were differentially expressed in the cell lines resistant to SAHA compared with the sensitive ones, indicating their possible association with drug resistance mechanisms. Notably, such an association was also observed in breast primary tumors. Indeed, addition of buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), a compound capable of depleting cellular glutathione, significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of SAHA in both breast cancer cell lines and primary breast tumors. INNOVATION We identify and validate transcriptional differences in genes involved in redox pathways, which include potential predictive markers of sensitivity to SAHA. CONCLUSION In breast cancer, it could be relevant to evaluate the expression of antioxidant genes that may favor tumor resistance as a factor to consider for potential clinical application and treatment with epigenetic drugs (HDACis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Chiaradonna
- 1 Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca , Milan, Italy .,2 SYSBIO Centre of Systems Biology , Milan, Italy
| | - Iros Barozzi
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Miccolo
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bucci
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Palorini
- 1 Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca , Milan, Italy .,2 SYSBIO Centre of Systems Biology , Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Fornasari
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Oronza A Botrugno
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Pruneri
- 4 Department of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Masullo
- 4 Department of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Alfonso Passafaro
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | | | - Valeria R Fantin
- 6 Oncology Research Unit, Pfizer Global Research and Development , La Jolla, California
| | | | - Salvatore Pece
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Viale
- 4 Department of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Di Fiore
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Draetta
- 8 Institute for Applied Cancer, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Science , Houston, Texas
| | - Pier Giuseppe Pelicci
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Saverio Minucci
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy .,9 Department of Biosciences, University of Milan , Milan, Italy
| | - Susanna Chiocca
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
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Senese S, Zaragoza K, Minardi S, Muradore I, Ronzoni S, Passafaro A, Bernard L, Draetta GF, Alcalay M, Seiser C, Chiocca S. Role for histone deacetylase 1 in human tumor cell proliferation. Mol Cell Biol 2007; 27:4784-95. [PMID: 17470557 PMCID: PMC1951481 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00494-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications of core histones are central to the regulation of gene expression. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) repress transcription by deacetylating histones, and class I HDACs have a crucial role in mouse, Xenopus laevis, zebra fish, and Caenorhabditis elegans development. The role of individual class I HDACs in tumor cell proliferation was investigated using RNA interference-mediated protein knockdown. We show here that in the absence of HDAC1 cells can arrest either at the G(1) phase of the cell cycle or at the G(2)/M transition, resulting in the loss of mitotic cells, cell growth inhibition, and an increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells. On the contrary, HDAC2 knockdown showed no effect on cell proliferation unless we concurrently knocked down HDAC1. Using gene expression profiling analysis, we found that inactivation of HDAC1 affected the transcription of specific target genes involved in proliferation and apoptosis. Furthermore, HDAC2 downregulation did not cause significant changes compared to control cells, while inactivation of HDAC1, HDAC1 plus HDAC2, or HDAC3 resulted in more distinct clusters. Loss of these HDACs might impair cell cycle progression by affecting not only the transcription of specific target genes but also other biological processes. Our data support the idea that a drug targeting specific HDACs could be highly beneficial in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Senese
- European Institute of Oncology, Department of Experimental Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
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Abstract
SUMO-1 (small ubiquitin-related modifier-1) is a ubiquitin-like family member that is conjugated to its substrates through three discrete enzymatic steps, activation (involving the E1 enzyme (SAE1/SAE2)), conjugation (involving the E2 enzyme), and substrate modification (through the cooperation of the E2 and E3 protein ligases). The adenoviral protein Gam1 inactivates E1, both in vitro and in vivo, followed by SAE1/SAE2 degradation. We have shown here that Gam1 possesses a C-terminal SOCS domain that allows its interaction with two cellular cullin RING (really interesting new gene) ubiquitin ligases. We demonstrate that Gam1 is necessary for the recruitment of SAE1/SAE2 into Cul2/5-EloB/C-Roc1 ubiquitin ligase complexes and for subsequent SAE1 ubiquitylation and degradation. The degradation of SAE2 is not tightly related to Gam1 but is a consequent effect of SAE1 disappearance. These results reveal the mechanism by which a viral protein inactivates and subsequently degrades an essential cellular enzyme, arresting a key regulatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Boggio
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, 20141 Milan, Italy
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