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Chupradit S, Wamalwa DC, Maleche-Obimbo E, Kekitiinwa AR, Mwanga-Amumpaire J, Bukusi EA, Nyandiko WM, Mbuthia JK, Swanson A, Cressey TR, Punyawudho B, Musiime V. Population Pharmacokinetics of Pediatric Lopinavir/Ritonavir Oral Pellets in Children Living with HIV in Africa. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2024; 115:1105-1113. [PMID: 38247190 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.3174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy for children living with HIV (CLHIV) under 3 years of age commonly includes lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r). However, the original liquid LPV/r formulation has taste and cold storage difficulties. To address these challenges, LPV/r oral pellets have been developed. These pellets can be mixed with milk or food for administration and do not require refrigeration. We developed the population pharmacokinetic (PK) model and assessed drug exposure of LPV/r oral pellets administered twice daily to CLHIV per World Health Organization (WHO) weight bands. The PK analysis included Kenyan and Ugandan children participating in the LIVING studies (NCT02346487) receiving LPV/r pellets (40/10 mg) and ABC/3TC (60/30 mg) dispersible tablets. Population PK models were developed for lopinavir (LPV) and ritonavir (RTV) to evaluate the impact of RTV on the oral clearance (CL/F) of LPV. The data obtained from the study were analyzed using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling approach. Data from 514 children, comprising a total of 2,998 plasma concentrations of LPV/r were included in the analysis. The LPV and RTV concentrations were accurately represented by a one-compartment model with first-order absorption (incorporating a lag-time) and elimination. Body weight influenced LPV and RTV PK parameters. The impact of RTV concentrations on the CL/F of LPV was characterized using a maximum effect model. Simulation-predicted target LPV exposures were achieved in children with this pellet formulation across the WHO weight bands. The LPV/r pellets dosed in accordance with WHO weight bands provide adequate LPV exposures in Kenyan and Ugandan children weighing 3.0 to 24.9 kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suthunya Chupradit
- PhD's Degree Program in Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Dalton C Wamalwa
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | | | | | - Elizabeth A Bukusi
- Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Winstone M Nyandiko
- Department of Child Health and Paediatrics - Moi University, AMPATH and Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya
| | | | - Alistair Swanson
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative, Geneva, Switzerland
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative, Nairobi, Kenya
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Tim R Cressey
- AMS-PHPT Research Collaboration, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Baralee Punyawudho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Victor Musiime
- Joint Clinical Research Centre, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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Chupradit S, Wamalwa DC, Maleche-Obimbo E, Kekitiinwa AR, Mwanga-Amumpaire J, Bukusi EA, Nyandiko WM, Mbuthia JK, Swanson A, Cressey TR, Punyawudho B, Musiime V. Abacavir Drug Exposures in African Children Under 14 kg Using Pediatric Solid Fixed Dose Combinations According to World Health Organization Weight Bands. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2023; 12:574-580. [PMID: 37798141 PMCID: PMC10756690 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piad082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pharmacokinetics of abacavir (ABC) in African children living with HIV (CLHIV) weighing <14 kg and receiving pediatric fixed dose combinations (FDC) according to WHO weight bands dosing are limited. An ABC population pharmacokinetic model was developed to evaluate ABC exposure across different World Health Organization (WHO) weight bands. METHODS Children enrolled in the LIVING study in Kenya and Uganda receiving ABC/lamivudine (3TC) dispersible tablets (60/30 mg) according to WHO weight bands. A population approach was used to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted using an in silico population with demographic characteristics associated with African CLHIV. ABC exposures (AUC0-24) of 6.4-50.4 mg h/L were used as targets. RESULTS Plasma samples were obtained from 387 children. A 1-compartment model with allometric scaling of clearance (CL/F) and volume of distribution (V/F) according to body weight best characterized the pharmacokinetic data of ABC. The maturation of ABC CL/F was characterized using a sigmoidal Emax model dependent on postnatal age (50% of adult CL/F reached by 0.48 years of age). Exposures to ABC were within the target range for children weighing 6.0-24.9 kg, but children weighing 3-5.9 kg were predicted to be overexposed. CONCLUSIONS Lowering the ABC dosage to 30 mg twice daily or 60 mg once daily for children weighing 3-5.9 kg increased the proportion of children within the target and provided comparable exposures. Further clinical study is required to investigate clinical implications and safety of the proposed alternative ABC doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suthunya Chupradit
- PhD’s Degree Program in Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Dalton C Wamalwa
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | | | | | - Elizabeth A Bukusi
- Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Winstone M Nyandiko
- Department of Child Health and Paediatrics—Moi University, AMPATH and Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya
| | | | - Alistair Swanson
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative, Geneva, Switzerland
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative, Nairobi, Kenya
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative, New York, USA
| | - DNDi Clinical Team
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative, Geneva, Switzerland
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative, Nairobi, Kenya
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative, New York, USA
| | - Tim R Cressey
- AMS/IRD Research Collaboration, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Baralee Punyawudho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Victor Musiime
- Joint Clinical Research Centre, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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Andrieux-Meyer I, Tan SS, Thanprasertsuk S, Salvadori N, Menétrey C, Simon F, Cressey TR, Said HRHM, Hassan MRA, Omar H, Tee HP, Chan WK, Kumar S, Thongsawat S, Thetket K, Avihingsanon A, Khemnark S, Yerly S, Ngo-Giang-Huong N, Siva S, Swanson A, Goyal V, Bompart F, Pécoul B, Murad S. Efficacy and safety of ravidasvir plus sofosbuvir in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection without cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis (STORM-C-1): interim analysis of a two-stage, open-label, multicentre, single arm, phase 2/3 trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 6:448-458. [PMID: 33865507 PMCID: PMC9767645 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(21)00031-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In low-income and middle-income countries, affordable direct-acting antivirals are urgently needed to treat hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The combination of ravidasvir, a pangenotypic non-structural protein 5A (NS5A) inhibitor, and sofosbuvir has shown efficacy and safety in patients with chronic HCV genotype 4 infection. STORM-C-1 trial aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of ravidasvir plus sofosbuvir in a diverse population of adults chronically infected with HCV. METHODS STORM-C-1 is a two-stage, open-label, phase 2/3 single-arm clinical trial in six public academic and non-academic centres in Malaysia and four public academic and non-academic centres in Thailand. Patients with HCV with compensated cirrhosis (Metavir F4 and Child-Turcotte-Pugh class A) or without cirrhosis (Metavir F0-3) aged 18-69 years were eligible to participate, regardless of HCV genotype, HIV infection status, previous interferon-based HCV treatment, or source of HCV infection. Once daily ravidasvir (200 mg) and sofosbuvir (400 mg) were prescribed for 12 weeks for patients without cirrhosis and for 24 weeks for those with cirrhosis. The primary endpoint was sustained virological response at 12 weeks after treatment (SVR12; defined as HCV RNA <12 IU/mL in Thailand and HCV RNA <15 IU/mL in Malaysia at 12 weeks after the end of treatment). This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02961426, and the National Medical Research Register of Malaysia, NMRR-16-747-29183. FINDINGS Between Sept 14, 2016, and June 5, 2017, 301 patients were enrolled in stage one of STORM-C-1. 98 (33%) patients had genotype 1a infection, 27 (9%) had genotype 1b infection, two (1%) had genotype 2 infection, 158 (52%) had genotype 3 infection, and 16 (5%) had genotype 6 infection. 81 (27%) patients had compensated cirrhosis, 90 (30%) had HIV co-infection, and 99 (33%) had received previous interferon-based treatment. The most common treatment-emergent adverse events were pyrexia (35 [12%]), cough (26 [9%]), upper respiratory tract infection (23 [8%]), and headache (20 [7%]). There were no deaths or treatment discontinuations due to serious adverse events related to study drugs. Of the 300 patients included in the full analysis set, 291 (97%; 95% CI 94-99) had SVR12. Of note, SVR12 was reported in 78 (96%) of 81 patients with cirrhosis and 153 (97%) of 158 patients with genotype 3 infection, including 51 (96%) of 53 patients with cirrhosis. There was no difference in SVR12 rates by HIV co-infection or previous interferon treatment. INTERPRETATION In this first stage, ravidasvir plus sofosbuvir was effective and well tolerated in this diverse adult population of patients with chronic HCV infection. Ravidasvir plus sofosbuvir has the potential to provide an additional affordable, simple, and efficacious public health tool for large-scale implementation to eliminate HCV as a cause of morbidity and mortality. FUNDING National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand; Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand; Ministry of Health, Malaysia; UK Aid; Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF); MSF Transformational Investment Capacity; FIND; Pharmaniaga; Starr International Foundation; Foundation for Art, Research, Partnership and Education; and the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soek-Siam Tan
- Department of Hepatology, Selayang Hospital, Batu Caves, Malaysia
| | | | - Nicolas Salvadori
- Public Health Promotion Research and Training-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - François Simon
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tim R Cressey
- Public Health Promotion Research and Training-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | - Haniza Omar
- Department of Hepatology, Selayang Hospital, Batu Caves, Malaysia
| | - Hoi-Poh Tee
- Gastroenterology Unit, Medical Department, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Wah Kheong Chan
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Infectious Disease Unit, Medical Department, Hospital Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Satawat Thongsawat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kanawee Thetket
- Internal Medicine unit, Medical Department, Nakornping Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Avihingsanon
- HIV-Netherlands Australia Thailand Research Collaboration, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; Tuberculosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suparat Khemnark
- Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Sabine Yerly
- Laboratory of Virology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Ngo-Giang-Huong
- Public Health Promotion Research and Training-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Laboratory of Virology, Program for HIV Prevention and Treatment L'Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sasikala Siva
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Vishal Goyal
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Bernard Pécoul
- Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative, Geneva, Switzerland
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Palmer MS, Fieberg J, Swanson A, Kosmala M, Packer C. A ‘dynamic’ landscape of fear: prey responses to spatiotemporal variations in predation risk across the lunar cycle. Ecol Lett 2017; 20:1364-1373. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. S. Palmer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and & Behavior University of Minnesota St. Paul MN USA
| | - J. Fieberg
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology University of Minnesota St. Paul MN USA
| | - A. Swanson
- Department of Physics University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - M. Kosmala
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard UniversityCambridge MA USA
| | - C. Packer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and & Behavior University of Minnesota St. Paul MN USA
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Noor S, Gilson A, Kennedy K, Swanson A, Vanny V, Mony K, Chaudhry T, Gollogly J. Pre-packing of cost effective antibiotic cement beads for the treatment of traumatic osteomyelitis in the developing world - an in-vitro study based in Cambodia. Injury 2016; 47:805-10. [PMID: 26899719 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2016.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The developing world often lacks the resources to effectively treat the most serious injuries including osteomyelitis following open fractures or surgical fracture treatment. Antibiotic cement beads are a widely accepted method of delivering antibiotics locally to the infected area following trauma. This study is based in Cambodia, a low income country struggling to recover from a recent genocide. The study aims to test the effectiveness of locally made antibiotic beads and analyse their effectiveness after being gas sterilised, packaged and kept in storage Different antibiotic beads were manufactured locally using bone cement and tested against MRSA bacteria grown from a case of osteomyelitis. Each antibiotic was tested before and after a process of gas sterilisation as well as later being tested after storage in packaging up to 42 days. The gentamicin, vancomycin, amikacin and ceftriaxone beads all inhibited growth of the MRSA on the TSB and agar plates, both before and after gas sterilisation. All four antibiotics continued to show similar zones of inhibition after 42 days of storage. The results show significant promise to produce beads with locally obtainable ingredients in an austere environment and improve cost effectiveness by storing them in a sterilised condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Noor
- Childrens Surgical Centre, Cambodia.
| | - A Gilson
- Childrens Surgical Centre, Cambodia
| | | | | | - V Vanny
- Childrens Surgical Centre, Cambodia
| | - K Mony
- Childrens Surgical Centre, Cambodia
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Packer C, Swanson A, Canney S, Loveridge A, Garnett S, Pfeifer M, Burton AC, Bauer H, MacNulty D. The case for fencing remains intact. Ecol Lett 2013; 16:1414, e4. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Packer
- Department of Ecology; Evolution and Behavior; University of Minnesota; St. Paul MN 55108 USA
| | - A. Swanson
- Department of Ecology; Evolution and Behavior; University of Minnesota; St. Paul MN 55108 USA
| | - S. Canney
- Spatial Ecology & Epidemiology Group; Department of Zoology; University of Oxford; Oxford OX1 3PS UK
| | - A. Loveridge
- Recanati-Kaplan Centre/WildCRU; Department of Zoology; University of Oxford; Tubney OX13 5QL UK
| | - S. Garnett
- Research Institute for the Environment & Livelihoods; Charles Darwin University; Casuarina NT 0909 Australia
| | - M. Pfeifer
- Department of Ecology & Evolution; Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - A. C. Burton
- Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute; University of Alberta; Edmonton AB T6G 2E9 Canada
| | - H. Bauer
- Recanati-Kaplan Centre/WildCRU; Department of Zoology; University of Oxford; Tubney OX13 5QL UK
| | - D. MacNulty
- Department of Wildland Resources & Ecology Center; Utah State University; Logan UT 84322 USA
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Packer C, Loveridge A, Canney S, Caro T, Garnett S, Pfeifer M, Zander K, Swanson A, MacNulty D, Balme G, Bauer H, Begg C, Begg K, Bhalla S, Bissett C, Bodasing T, Brink H, Burger A, Burton A, Clegg B, Dell S, Delsink A, Dickerson T, Dloniak S, Druce D, Frank L, Funston P, Gichohi N, Groom R, Hanekom C, Heath B, Hunter L, DeIongh H, Joubert C, Kasiki S, Kissui B, Knocker W, Leathem B, Lindsey P, Maclennan S, McNutt J, Miller S, Naylor S, Nel P, Ng'weno C, Nicholls K, Ogutu J, Okot-Omoya E, Patterson B, Plumptre A, Salerno J, Skinner K, Slotow R, Sogbohossou E, Stratford K, Winterbach C, Winterbach H, Polasky S. Conserving large carnivores: dollars and fence. Ecol Lett 2013; 16:635-41. [PMID: 23461543 DOI: 10.1111/ele.12091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ivanova TN, Matthews A, Gross C, Mappus RC, Gollnick C, Swanson A, Bassell GJ, Liu RC. Arc/Arg3.1 mRNA expression reveals a subcellular trace of prior sound exposure in adult primary auditory cortex. Neuroscience 2011; 181:117-26. [PMID: 21334422 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2010] [Revised: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Acquiring the behavioral significance of sound has repeatedly been shown to correlate with long term changes in response properties of neurons in the adult primary auditory cortex. However, the molecular and cellular basis for such changes is still poorly understood. To address this, we have begun examining the auditory cortical expression of an activity-dependent effector immediate early gene (IEG) with documented roles in synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation in the hippocampus: Arc/Arg3.1. For initial characterization, we applied a repeated 10 min (24 h separation) sound exposure paradigm to determine the strength and consistency of sound-evoked Arc/Arg3.1 mRNA expression in the absence of explicit behavioral contingencies for the sound. We used 3D surface reconstruction methods in conjunction with fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) to assess the layer-specific subcellular compartmental expression of Arc/Arg3.1 mRNA. We unexpectedly found that both the intranuclear and cytoplasmic patterns of expression depended on the prior history of sound stimulation. Specifically, the percentage of neurons with expression only in the cytoplasm increased for repeated versus singular sound exposure, while intranuclear expression decreased. In contrast, the total cellular expression did not differ, consistent with prior IEG studies of primary auditory cortex. Our results were specific for cortical layers 3-6, as there was virtually no sound driven Arc/Arg3.1 mRNA in layers 1-2 immediately after stimulation. Our results are consistent with the kinetics and/or detectability of cortical subcellular Arc/Arg3.1 mRNA expression being altered by the initial exposure to the sound, suggesting exposure-induced modifications in the cytoplasmic Arc/Arg3.1 mRNA pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- T N Ivanova
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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McClimon B, Li J, Ferguson B, Markus P, Odell L, Swanson A, Kloos Olson K, Park M. Allergist and Pharmacist Collaboration Increases β-lactam Antibiotic Use in Patients with a History of Penicillin Allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.12.811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hudman RC, Jacob DJ, Turquety S, Leibensperger EM, Murray LT, Wu S, Gilliland AB, Avery M, Bertram TH, Brune W, Cohen RC, Dibb JE, Flocke FM, Fried A, Holloway J, Neuman JA, Orville R, Perring A, Ren X, Sachse GW, Singh HB, Swanson A, Wooldridge PJ. Surface and lightning sources of nitrogen oxides over the United States: Magnitudes, chemical evolution, and outflow. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Neuman JA, Parrish DD, Trainer M, Ryerson TB, Holloway JS, Nowak JB, Swanson A, Flocke F, Roberts JM, Brown SS, Stark H, Sommariva R, Stohl A, Peltier R, Weber R, Wollny AG, Sueper DT, Hubler G, Fehsenfeld FC. Reactive nitrogen transport and photochemistry in urban plumes over the North Atlantic Ocean. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd007010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. A. Neuman
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. D. Parrish
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - M. Trainer
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - T. B. Ryerson
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. S. Holloway
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. B. Nowak
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - A. Swanson
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - F. Flocke
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. M. Roberts
- Chemical Sciences Division, Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - S. S. Brown
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - H. Stark
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - R. Sommariva
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - A. Stohl
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research; Kjeller Norway
| | - R. Peltier
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - R. Weber
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - A. G. Wollny
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. T. Sueper
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - G. Hubler
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - F. C. Fehsenfeld
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
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Frost GJ, McKeen SA, Trainer M, Ryerson TB, Neuman JA, Roberts JM, Swanson A, Holloway JS, Sueper DT, Fortin T, Parrish DD, Fehsenfeld FC, Flocke F, Peckham SE, Grell GA, Kowal D, Cartwright J, Auerbach N, Habermann T. Effects of changing power plant NOxemissions on ozone in the eastern United States: Proof of concept. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Swanson A, Cook A, Ashcroft R, Sheikh A. Authors' reply. J R Soc Med 2004. [DOI: 10.1258/jrsm.97.8.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Swanson A. Special end-of-life care. J Nurs Scholarsh 2001; 32:332. [PMID: 11140192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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Tager IB, Swanson A, Satariano WA. Reliability of Physical Performance and Self-Reported Functional Measures in an Older Population. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 1998; 53:M295-300. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/53a.4.m295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
PURPOSE This is a report of the scientific and cost implications of a census-based design to identify residents aged 55 and over for a community study of the effects of aging on physical function. METHODS A census of residents in a study community was conducted by the use of a mailed questionnaire. For households that did not complete and return the mailed census questionnaire, contact was attempted first by telephone and then by home visit. A comparison was made of the unit costs and characteristics of subjects identified by the different methods. RESULTS A total of 3509 age-eligible subjects were identified (78.3% by mailer, 19.5% by telephone, and 2.0% by home visit). Costs per enrolled age-eligible subject were lower for mailing and telephone ($7.76 and $4.72 respectively) than for home visit ($36.25). Subjects identified by home visit were significantly younger than subjects identified either by mail or telephone. After adjustment for age, subjects identified by telephone had less education and income and poorer health and functional status than subjects identified by mail. With the exception of age, there were no significant differences between subjects identified by mailer and home visit. CONCLUSIONS A mailed questionnaire with telephone recontact is a practical strategy for community-based recruitment. Recontact of subjects by telephone can be expected to identify subjects who are not well-represented in a sample based only on a mailer. In contrast, the home visit is expensive and identifies subjects who do not differ meaningfully from those identified by mailer.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Satariano
- Division of Public Health Biology and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, 94720-7360, USA
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Coolican MB, Swanson A. Primary health-care physicians: vital roles in organ and tissue donation. Conn Med 1998; 62:149-53. [PMID: 9573652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of primary-care physicians is integral to the success of organ and tissue donation and transplantation. Primary-care physicians have a vital role to play in educating patients and encouraging family discussion about organ and tissue donation. A study to determine the practice of Connecticut primary-care physicians relative to providing donation information to patients during routine care was conducted in three phases: 1) validation of current practice of primary-care physicians regarding educating patients about donation, 2) development and distribution of educational materials requested by primary-care physicians, 3) evaluation of primary-care physician practice and educational materials. Most (69% N = 310) responding primary-care physicians never discuss organ/tissue donation with patients during routine care and only 5% (N = 24) had donation information available. When provided with donation materials, most primary-care physicians left these materials in the waiting room and did not personally discuss donation with the patient. Collaboration between primary-care physicians and organ procurement staff needs to be increased so that primary-care physician's more readily discuss donation with their patients and encourage patients to discuss donation decisions with family members.
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Swanson A, Mitchell K. MCAT responds to changes in medical education and physician practice. JAMA 1989; 262:261-3. [PMID: 2739021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Swanson
- Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, DC 20036
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Kalachnik JE, Larum JG, Swanson A. A tardive dyskinesia monitoring policy for applied facilities. Psychopharmacol Bull 1983; 19:277-282. [PMID: 6867237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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Swanson A. Dr. Arnold Swanson: 30 years of accreditation. Interview by Carol Wightman. Dimens Health Serv 1982; 59:24-6. [PMID: 7106438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Cracchiolo A, Swanson A, Swanson GD. The arthritic great toe metatarsophalangeal joint: a review of flexible silicone implant arthroplasty from two medical centers. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1981:64-9. [PMID: 7018784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A review of 159 feet with double-stem silicone implants in the hallux metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint was conducted in two medical centers. The majority of patients had a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. Follow-up evaluations ranging between 18 months and six years indicate that pain relief was present in all cases with most having complete relief of pain. Hallux valgus was corrected in most and a functional range of motion as well as good muscle strength was restored. The stability provided by the procedure has improved the postoperative alignment of the lateral MTP joints from which the metatarsal heads had been excised. Operative technique must be precise and tissues must be handled and prepared for the implant with care.
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Swanson A. Elder care in Sweden--a quick look. Aging Leis Living 1980; 3:18. [PMID: 10247033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Merriman RL, Swanson A, Anders MW, Sladek NE. Microdetermination of caffeine in blood by gas chromatography--mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr 1978; 146:85-90. [PMID: 670361 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)81292-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A micromethod for the quantitative analysis of caffeine present in small quantities (100 microliter) of whole blood is described. It is based on the gas chromatographic--mass spectrometric analysis of chloroform extracts of biological samples. The method is relatively simple, rapid, specific and sensitive; as little as 20 ng of caffeine can be measured.
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Swanson A. Accreditation: standards are for real. Dimens Health Serv 1976; 53:13. [PMID: 964490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Swanson A. Accreditation: Objectives and awards updated. Dimens Health Serv 1976; 53:49. [PMID: 7499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Swanson A. Why today's surveys have to be longer. Dimens Health Serv 1976; 53:16, 39. [PMID: 7484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Campanini R, Swanson A, Nicol SK. Meniscus profiles between concentric cylinders. An experimental and computational study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1976. [DOI: 10.1039/f19767202638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Swanson A. Pros and cons of the clinical audit. Dimens Health Serv 1975; 52:11. [PMID: 239873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Humphrey NM, Wright P, Swanson A. Parenteral hyperalimentation for children. Am J Nurs 1972; 72:286-8. [PMID: 4621437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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