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Crofts KF, Page CL, Swedik SM, Holbrook BC, Meyers AK, Zhu X, Parsonage D, Westcott MM, Alexander-Miller MA. An Analysis of Linker-Dependent Effects on the APC Activation and In Vivo Immunogenicity of an R848-Conjugated Influenza Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1261. [PMID: 37515076 PMCID: PMC10383912 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11071261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Subunit or inactivated vaccines comprise the majority of vaccines used against viral and bacterial pathogens. However, compared to their live/attenuated counterparts, these vaccines often demonstrate reduced immunogenicity, requiring multiple boosters and or adjuvants to elicit protective immune responses. For this reason, studies of adjuvants and the mechanism through which they can improve inactivated vaccine responses are critical for the development of vaccines with increased efficacy. Studies have shown that the direct conjugation of adjuvant to antigen promotes vaccine immunogenicity, with the advantage of both the adjuvant and antigen targeting the same cell. Using this strategy of direct linkage, we developed an inactivated influenza A (IAV) vaccine that is directly conjugated with the Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist resiquimod (R848) through a heterobifunctional crosslinker. Previously, we showed that this vaccine resulted in improved protection and viral clearance in newborn nonhuman primates compared to a non-adjuvanted vaccine. We subsequently discovered that the choice of linker used to conjugate R848 to the virus alters the stimulatory activity of the vaccine, promoting increased maturation and proinflammatory cytokine production from DC differentiated in vitro. With this knowledge, we explored how the choice of crosslinker impacts the stimulatory activity of these vaccines. We found that the linker choice alters signaling through the NF-κB pathway in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs). Further, we extended our analyses to in vivo differentiated APC present in human peripheral blood, replicating the linker-dependent differences found in in vitro differentiated cells. Finally, we demonstrated in a mouse model that the choice of linker impacts the amount of IAV-specific IgG antibody produced in response to vaccination. These data enhance our understanding of conjugation approaches for improving vaccine immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kali F. Crofts
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (K.F.C.); (C.L.P.); (S.M.S.); (B.C.H.); (A.K.M.); (X.Z.); (M.M.W.)
| | - Courtney L. Page
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (K.F.C.); (C.L.P.); (S.M.S.); (B.C.H.); (A.K.M.); (X.Z.); (M.M.W.)
| | - Stephanie M. Swedik
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (K.F.C.); (C.L.P.); (S.M.S.); (B.C.H.); (A.K.M.); (X.Z.); (M.M.W.)
| | - Beth C. Holbrook
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (K.F.C.); (C.L.P.); (S.M.S.); (B.C.H.); (A.K.M.); (X.Z.); (M.M.W.)
| | - Allison K. Meyers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (K.F.C.); (C.L.P.); (S.M.S.); (B.C.H.); (A.K.M.); (X.Z.); (M.M.W.)
| | - Xuewei Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (K.F.C.); (C.L.P.); (S.M.S.); (B.C.H.); (A.K.M.); (X.Z.); (M.M.W.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
| | - Derek Parsonage
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA;
| | - Marlena M. Westcott
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (K.F.C.); (C.L.P.); (S.M.S.); (B.C.H.); (A.K.M.); (X.Z.); (M.M.W.)
| | - Martha A. Alexander-Miller
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (K.F.C.); (C.L.P.); (S.M.S.); (B.C.H.); (A.K.M.); (X.Z.); (M.M.W.)
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Meyers AK, Wang Z, Han W, Zhao Q, Zabalawi M, Duan L, Liu J, Zhang Q, Manne RK, Lorenzo F, Quinn MA, Song Q, Fan D, Lin HK, Furdui CM, Locasale JW, McCall CE, Zhu X. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase supports macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome activation during acute inflammation. Cell Rep 2023; 42:111941. [PMID: 36640341 PMCID: PMC10117036 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Activating the macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome can promote excessive inflammation with severe cell and tissue damage and organ dysfunction. Here, we show that pharmacological or genetic inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDHK) significantly attenuates NLRP3 inflammasome activation in murine and human macrophages and septic mice by lowering caspase-1 cleavage and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) secretion. Inhibiting PDHK reverses NLRP3 inflammasome-induced metabolic reprogramming, enhances autophagy, promotes mitochondrial fusion over fission, preserves crista ultrastructure, and attenuates mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The suppressive effect of PDHK inhibition on the NLRP3 inflammasome is independent of its canonical role as a pyruvate dehydrogenase regulator. Our study suggestsa non-canonical role of mitochondrial PDHK in promoting mitochondrial stress and supporting NLRP3 inflammasome activation during acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison K Meyers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Zhan Wang
- Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Wenzheng Han
- Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; Department of Cardiology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qingxia Zhao
- Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Manal Zabalawi
- Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Likun Duan
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Qianyi Zhang
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
| | - Rajesh K Manne
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Felipe Lorenzo
- Section on Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Matthew A Quinn
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Qianqian Song
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Daping Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA
| | - Hui-Kuan Lin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Cristina M Furdui
- Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Jason W Locasale
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Charles E McCall
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Xuewei Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
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Kirk LM, Waits CMK, Bashore AC, Dosso B, Meyers AK, Renaldo AC, DePalma TJ, Simms KN, Hauser N, Chuang Key CC, McCall CE, Parks JS, Sergeant S, Langefeld CD, Skardal A, Rahbar E. Exploiting three-dimensional human hepatic constructs to investigate the impact of rs174537 on fatty acid metabolism. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262173. [PMID: 35051193 PMCID: PMC8775235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Modern Western Diet has been associated with the rise in metabolic and inflammatory diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. This has been attributed, in part, to the increase in dietary omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) consumption, specifically linoleic acid (LA), arachidonic acid (ARA), and their subsequent metabolism to pro-inflammatory metabolites which may be driving human disease. Conversion of dietary LA to ARA is regulated by genetic variants near and within the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) haplotype block, most notably single nucleotide polymorphism rs174537 is strongly associated with FADS1 activity and expression. This variant and others within high linkage disequilibrium may potentially explain the diversity in both diet and inflammatory mediators that drive chronic inflammatory disease in human populations. Mechanistic exploration into this phenomenon using human hepatocytes is limited by current two-dimensional culture models that poorly replicate in vivo functionality. Therefore, we aimed to develop and characterize a three-dimensional hepatic construct for the study of human PUFA metabolism. Primary human hepatocytes cultured in 3D hydrogels were characterized for their capacity to represent basic lipid processing functions, including lipid esterification, de novo lipogenesis, and cholesterol efflux. They were then exposed to control and LA-enriched media and reproducibly displayed allele-specific metabolic activity of FADS1, based on genotype at rs174537. Hepatocytes derived from individuals homozygous with the minor allele at rs174537 (i.e., TT) displayed the slowest metabolic conversion of LA to ARA and significantly reduced FADS1 and FADS2 expression. These results support the feasibility of using 3D human hepatic cultures for the study of human PUFA and lipid metabolism and relevant gene-diet interactions, thereby enabling future nutrition targets in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Madison Kirk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
- Virginia Tech – Wake Forest University, School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Charlotte Mae K. Waits
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
- Virginia Tech – Wake Forest University, School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Alexander C. Bashore
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Beverly Dosso
- Department of Integrative Physiology & Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Allison K. Meyers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Antonio C. Renaldo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
- Virginia Tech – Wake Forest University, School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Thomas J. DePalma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Kelli N. Simms
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
- Virginia Tech – Wake Forest University, School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Nathaniel Hauser
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
- Virginia Tech – Wake Forest University, School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Chia-Chi Chuang Key
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Charles E. McCall
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - John S. Parks
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Susan Sergeant
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Carl D. Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Aleksander Skardal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Elaheh Rahbar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
- Virginia Tech – Wake Forest University, School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
- Center for Precision Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Zhao Q, Wang Z, Meyers AK, Madenspacher J, Zabalawi M, Zhang Q, Boudyguina E, Hsu FC, McCall CE, Furdui CM, Parks JS, Fessler MB, Zhu X. Hematopoietic Cell-Specific SLC37A2 Deficiency Accelerates Atherosclerosis in LDL Receptor-Deficient Mice. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:777098. [PMID: 34957260 PMCID: PMC8702732 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.777098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a central role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Our previous study demonstrated that solute carrier family 37 member 2 (SLC37A2), an endoplasmic reticulum-anchored phosphate-linked glucose-6-phosphate transporter, negatively regulates macrophage Toll-like receptor activation by fine-tuning glycolytic reprogramming in vitro. Whether macrophage SLC37A2 impacts in vivo macrophage inflammation and atherosclerosis under hyperlipidemic conditions is unknown. We generated hematopoietic cell-specific SLC37A2 knockout and control mice in C57Bl/6 Ldlr−/− background by bone marrow transplantation. Hematopoietic cell-specific SLC37A2 deletion in Ldlr−/− mice increased plasma lipid concentrations after 12-16 wks of Western diet induction, attenuated macrophage anti-inflammatory responses, and resulted in more atherosclerosis compared to Ldlr−/− mice transplanted with wild type bone marrow. Aortic root intimal area was inversely correlated with plasma IL-10 levels, but not total cholesterol concentrations, suggesting inflammation but not plasma cholesterol was responsible for increased atherosclerosis in bone marrow SLC37A2-deficient mice. Our in vitro study demonstrated that SLC37A2 deficiency impaired IL-4-induced macrophage activation, independently of glycolysis or mitochondrial respiration. Importantly, SLC37A2 deficiency impaired apoptotic cell-induced glycolysis, subsequently attenuating IL-10 production. Our study suggests that SLC37A2 expression is required to support alternative macrophage activation in vitro and in vivo. In vivo disruption of hematopoietic SLC37A2 accelerates atherosclerosis under hyperlipidemic pro-atherogenic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxia Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Allison K Meyers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Jennifer Madenspacher
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Manal Zabalawi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Qianyi Zhang
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Elena Boudyguina
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Fang-Chi Hsu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Charles E McCall
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Cristina M Furdui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - John S Parks
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Michael B Fessler
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Xuewei Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
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Abstract
In response to inflammatory stimuli, immune cells reconfigure their metabolism and bioenergetics to generate energy and substrates for cell survival and to launch immune effector functions. As a critical component of the innate immune system, the nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome can be activated by various endogenous and exogenous danger signals. Activation of this cytosolic multiprotein complex triggers the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 and initiates pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of programmed cell death. The NLRP3 inflammasome fuels both chronic and acute inflammatory conditions and is critical in the emergence of inflammaging. Recent advances have highlighted that various metabolic pathways converge as potent regulators of the NLRP3 inflammasome. This review focuses on our current understanding of the metabolic regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and the contribution of the NLRP3 inflammasome to inflammaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison K. Meyers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
| | - Xuewei Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-336-713-1445
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