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Collibee SE, Romero A, Muci AR, Hwee DT, Chuang C, Hartman JJ, Motani AS, Ashcraft L, DeRosier A, Grillo M, Lu Q, Malik FI, Morgan BP. Cardiac Troponin Activator CK-963 Increases Cardiac Contractility in Rats. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 38451215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Novel cardiac troponin activators were identified using a high throughput cardiac myofibril ATPase assay and confirmed using a series of biochemical and biophysical assays. HTS hit 2 increased rat cardiomyocyte fractional shortening without increasing intracellular calcium concentrations, and the biological target of 1 and 2 was determined to be the cardiac thin filament. Subsequent optimization to increase solubility and remove PDE-3 inhibition led to the discovery of CK-963 and enabled pharmacological evaluation of cardiac troponin activation without the competing effects of PDE-3 inhibition. Rat echocardiography studies using CK-963 demonstrated concentration-dependent increases in cardiac fractional shortening up to 95%. Isothermal calorimetry studies confirmed a direct interaction between CK-963 and a cardiac troponin chimera with a dissociation constant of 11.5 ± 3.2 μM. These results provide evidence that direct activation of cardiac troponin without the confounding effects of PDE-3 inhibition may provide benefit for patients with cardiovascular conditions where contractility is reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott E Collibee
- Cytokinetics, Inc., 350 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Antonio Romero
- Cytokinetics, Inc., 350 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Alexander R Muci
- Cytokinetics, Inc., 350 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Darren T Hwee
- Cytokinetics, Inc., 350 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Chihyuan Chuang
- Cytokinetics, Inc., 350 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - James J Hartman
- Cytokinetics, Inc., 350 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Alykhan S Motani
- Cytokinetics, Inc., 350 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Luke Ashcraft
- Cytokinetics, Inc., 350 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Andre DeRosier
- Cytokinetics, Inc., 350 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Mark Grillo
- Cytokinetics, Inc., 350 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Qing Lu
- Cytokinetics, Inc., 350 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Fady I Malik
- Cytokinetics, Inc., 350 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Bradley P Morgan
- Cytokinetics, Inc., 350 Oyster Point Boulevard, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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Singh RR, Slater RE, Wang J, Wang C, Guo Q, Motani AS, Hartman JJ, Sadayappan S, Ason BL. Distinct Mechanisms for Increased Cardiac Contraction Through Selective Alteration of Either Myosin or Troponin Activity. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2022; 7:1021-1037. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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He H, Baka T, Balschi J, Motani AS, Nguyen KK, Liu Q, Slater R, Rock B, Wang C, Hale C, Karamanlidis G, Hartman JJ, Malik FI, Reagan JD, Luptak I. A Novel Small Molecule Troponin Activator Increases Cardiac Contractile Function Without Negative Impact on Energetics. Circ Heart Fail 2021; 15:e009195. [PMID: 34743528 PMCID: PMC8920024 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.121.009195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background: Current heart failure (HF) therapies unload the failing heart without targeting the underlying problem of reduced cardiac contractility. Traditional inotropes (i.e. calcitropes) stimulate contractility via energetically costly augmentation of calcium cycling and worsen patient survival. A new class of agents - myotropes - activate the sarcomere directly, independent of calcium. We hypothesize that a novel myotrope TA1 increases contractility without the deleterious myocardial energetic impact of a calcitrope dobutamine. Methods: We determined the effect of TA1 in bovine cardiac myofibrils and human cardiac microtissues, ex vivo in mouse cardiac fibers and in vivo in anesthetized normal rats. Effects of increasing concentrations of TA1 or dobutamine on contractile function, phosphocreatine (PCr) and ATP concentrations and ATP production were assessed by 31P NMR spectroscopy on isolated perfused rat hearts. Results: TA1 increased the rate of myosin ATPase activity in isolated bovine myofibrils and calcium sensitivity in intact mouse papillary fibers. Contractility increased dose dependently in human cardiac microtissues and in vivo in rats as assessed by echocardiography. In isolated rat hearts, TA1 and dobutamine similarly increased rate pressure product (RPP). Dobutamine increased both developed pressure (DevP) and heart rate (HR) accompanied by decreased PCr to ATP ratio and decreased free energy of ATP hydrolysis (ΔG~ATP) and elevated left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP). In contrast, the TA1 increased DevP without any effect on HR, LVEDP, PCr/ATP ratio or ΔG~ATP. Conclusions: Novel myotrope, TA1, increased myocardial contractility by sensitizing the sarcomere to calcium without impairing diastolic function or depleting the cardiac energy reserve. Since energetic depletion negatively correlates with long term survival, myotropes may represent a superior alternative to traditional inotropes in heart failure management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huamei He
- Physiological NMR Core Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Tomas Baka
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia; Myocardial Biology Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - James Balschi
- Physiological NMR Core Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Alykhan S Motani
- Amgen Research, Department of Cardiometabolic Disorders, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA
| | - Kathy K Nguyen
- Amgen Research, Department of Cardiometabolic Disorders, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA
| | - Qingxiang Liu
- Amgen Research, Department of Cardiometabolic Disorders, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA
| | - Rebecca Slater
- Amgen Research, Department of Cardiometabolic Disorders, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA
| | - Brooke Rock
- Amgen Research, Department of Cardiometabolic Disorders, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA
| | - Chen Wang
- Amgen Research, Department of Cardiometabolic Disorders, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA
| | - Christopher Hale
- Amgen Research, Department of Cardiometabolic Disorders, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA
| | - Georgios Karamanlidis
- Amgen Research, Department of Cardiometabolic Disorders, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA
| | | | | | - Jeff D Reagan
- Amgen Research, Department of Cardiometabolic Disorders, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA
| | - Ivan Luptak
- Myocardial Biology Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
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Motani AS, Luo J, Liang L, Mihalic JT, Chen X, Tang L, Li L, Jaen J, Chen JL, Dai K. Evaluation of AMG 076, a potent and selective MCHR1 antagonist, in rodent and primate obesity models. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2013; 1:e00003. [PMID: 25505557 PMCID: PMC4184568 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) regulates food intake through activation of the receptor, MCHR1. We have identified AMG 076 as an orally bioavailable potent and selective small molecule antagonist of MCHR1. In mouse models of obesity, AMG 076 caused a reduction in body weight gain in wild-type (MCHR1+/+) but not in knockout (MCHR1−/−) mice. The body weight reduction was associated with decreases in food intake and increases in energy expenditure. Importantly, we show that these MCHR1-dependent effects of AMG 076 were also reflected in improved metabolic phenotypes, increased glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Preliminary data on effects of AMG 076 in obese cynomolgus monkeys are also presented.
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Gu W, Winters KA, Motani AS, Komorowski R, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Wu X, Rulifson IC, Sivits G, Graham M, Yan H, Wang P, Moore S, Meng T, Lindberg RA, Véniant MM. Glucagon receptor antagonist-mediated improvements in glycemic control are dependent on functional pancreatic GLP-1 receptor. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2010; 299:E624-32. [PMID: 20647556 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00102.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Antagonism of the glucagon receptor (GCGR) is associated with increased circulating levels of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). To investigate the contribution of GLP-1 to the antidiabetic actions of GCGR antagonism, we administered an anti-GCGR monoclonal antibody (mAb B) to wild-type mice and GLP-1 receptor knockout (GLP-1R KO) mice. Treatment of wild-type mice with mAb B lowered fasting blood glucose, improved glucose tolerance, and enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion during an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (ipGTT). In contrast, treatment of GLP-1R KO mice with mAb B had little efficacy during an ipGTT. Furthermore, pretreatment with the GLP-1R antagonist exendin-(9-39) diminished the antihyperglycemic effects of mAb B in wild-type mice. To determine the mechanism whereby mAb B improves glucose tolerance, we generated a monoclonal antibody that specifically antagonizes the human GLP-1R. Using a human islet transplanted mouse model, we demonstrated that pancreatic islet GLP-1R signaling is required for the full efficacy of the GCGR antagonist. To identify the source of the elevated GLP-1 observed in GCGR mAb-treated mice, we measured active GLP-1 content in pancreas and intestine from db/db mice treated with anti-GCGR mAb for 8 wk. Elevated GLP-1 in GCGR mAb-treated mice was predominantly derived from increased pancreatic GLP-1 synthesis and processing. All together, these data show that pancreatic GLP-1 is a significant contributor to the glucose-lowering effects observed in response to GCGR antagonist treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gu
- Dept. of Metabolic Disorders, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Dr., Mail Stop 29-1-A, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA.
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Chung CD, Kuo F, Kumer J, Motani AS, Lawrence CE, Henderson WR, Venkataraman C. CCR8 is not essential for the development of inflammation in a mouse model of allergic airway disease. J Immunol 2003; 170:581-7. [PMID: 12496446 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.170.1.581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Chemokine receptors play an important role in the trafficking of various immune cell types to sites of inflammation. Several chemokine receptors are differentially expressed in Th1 and Th2 effector populations. Th2 cells selectively express CCR3, CCR4, and CCR8, which could direct their trafficking to sites of allergic inflammation. Additionally, increased expression of the CCR8 ligand, TCA-3, has been detected in affected lungs in a mouse model of asthma. In this study, CCR8-deficient mice were generated to address the biological role of CCR8 in a model of allergic airway disease. Using two different protocols of allergen challenge, we demonstrate that absence of CCR8 does not affect the development of pulmonary eosinophilia and Th2 cytokine responses. In addition, administration of anti-TCA-3-neutralizing Ab during allergen sensitization and rechallenge failed to inhibit airway allergic inflammation. These results suggest that CCR8 does not play an essential role in the pathogenesis of inflammation in this mouse model of allergic airway disease.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Blocking/administration & dosage
- Antigens/administration & dosage
- Antigens/immunology
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/chemistry
- Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/immunology
- Cell Migration Inhibition
- Chemokine CCL1
- Chemokines, CC/metabolism
- Crosses, Genetic
- Cytokines/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cytokines/immunology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic
- Drug Administration Schedule
- Female
- Inflammation/genetics
- Inflammation/immunology
- Inflammation/pathology
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Ovalbumin/administration & dosage
- Ovalbumin/immunology
- Receptors, CCR8
- Receptors, Chemokine/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Chemokine/deficiency
- Receptors, Chemokine/genetics
- Receptors, Chemokine/physiology
- Respiratory Hypersensitivity/genetics
- Respiratory Hypersensitivity/immunology
- Respiratory Hypersensitivity/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan D Chung
- Tularik, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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Abstract
Insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) potentiated aggregation of human platelets induced by thrombin-, collagen- and ADP in a dose-dependent manner over the range 30-300 nM. IGF-1 (100 nM) reduced EC50 values for thrombin, collagen and ADP-induced aggregation by 19.6%, 53.6% and 22.8% respectively. Potentiation by IGF-1 was dependent on the presence of extracellular Ca2+ and was inhibited by verapamil or nifedipine. Further, IGF-1 enhanced the elevation in free intraplatelet Ca2+ induced by the platelet agonists collagen and thrombin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Motani
- William Harvey Research Institute, London, U.K
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Ferns GA, Raines EW, Sprugel KH, Motani AS, Reidy MA, Ross R. Inhibition of neointimal smooth muscle accumulation after angioplasty by an antibody to PDGF. Science 1991; 253:1129-32. [PMID: 1653454 DOI: 10.1126/science.1653454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 883] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 30 to 40 percent of atherosclerotic coronary arteries treated by angioplasty or by bypass surgery occlude as a result of restenosis. This restenosis is due principally to the accumulation of neointimal smooth muscle cells, which is also a prominent feature of the advanced lesions of atherosclerosis. The factors responsible for the accumulation of intimal smooth muscle cells have not been identified. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a potent smooth muscle chemoattractant and mitogen. It is present in platelets and can be formed by endothelium, smooth muscle, and monocyte-derived macrophages. The development of an intimal lesion in the carotid artery of athymic nude rats induced by intraarterial balloon catheter deendothelialization was inhibited by a polyclonal antibody to PDGF. These data demonstrate that endogenous PDGF is involved in the accumulation of neointimal smooth muscle cells associated with balloon injury and may be involved in restenosis after angioplasty, and perhaps in atherogenesis as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Ferns
- William Harvey Research Institute, St. Bartholomew's Hospital Medical College, London, United Kingdom
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de Gasparo M, Whitebread S, Mele M, Motani AS, Whitcombe PJ, Ramjoué HP, Kamber B. Biochemical characterization of two angiotensin II receptor subtypes in the rat. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1990; 16 Suppl 4:S31-5. [PMID: 1705625 DOI: 10.1097/00005344-199016004-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Two angiotensin II receptor subtypes, A and B, have been described by means of specific and selective ligands (Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1989; 163:284-91). The present report describes the binding characteristics and the distribution of these subtypes in various rat tissues. Adrenal and uterus expressed both subtypes but in different proportions. Subtype B predominated in the adrenal glomerulosa (60%), whereas there was a greater proportion of subtype A in the medulla (70%). In uterus, subtype B was preferentially expressed (70%), and there was no difference in receptor distribution between muscle layers and serosa. Liver, kidney, and cultured aortic smooth muscle cells expressed only subtype B. In all of the tissues tested, the Ki values of various competing ligands were similar for each subtype expressed. It is proposed that subtype B is the vascular receptor. The function of subtype A, however, is still to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- M de Gasparo
- Research Department, Ciba-Geigy Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
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