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Lee SH, Yegya-Raman N, Duan L, Li B, Friedes C, Iocolano M, Caruana R, Apte A, Deasy JO, Fan Y, Kao GD, Feigenberg SJ, Xiao Y. Multitask AI Models for the Joint Prediction of Overall Survival, Progression-Free Survival, and Death without Progression as a Composite Endpoint for LA-NSCLC Patients Treated with Chemoradiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S54. [PMID: 37784521 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Prior methods model the risk of endpoints separately. Herein, we construct a composite AI model that considers multiple endpoints jointly, including overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and death without progression (DWP). Our hypothesis is that the composite model potentially improves predictive performance for patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LANSCLC) treated with chemoradiotherapy (CRT). MATERIALS/METHODS A total of 335 LANSCLC patients treated with definitive CRT, including all evaluable patients accrued from Oct 2017 to Dec 2021, were randomly split into training/test subsets (n = 234/101). Cardio-pulmonary substructures (CPSs) were autocontoured, manually reviewed, and edited if necessary. A total of 1093 non-independent dosimetric parameters were extracted, including GTVp, GTVn, GTV, PTV, esophagus, lungs minus IGTV, left/right lung, 15 CPSs, and the overlapping volume of each OAR with PTV and the distance from each OAR to GTVp/GTVn. Other clinical parameters included age, consolidation immunotherapy (CI), ECOG score, Charlson comorbidity index, coronary heart disease, histology, PD-L1 expression, and clinical stage (AJCC 8). Within training, censored time-to-event data were imputed based on conditional event distributions derived from Kaplan-Meier estimators for casting survival analysis as a regression problem and training neural additive model (NAM) regressors. Features were selected by LASSO regression for a single endpoint (OS, PFS, DWP) and multi-task (MT) LASSO regression for four separate composite endpoints (OS-PFS, OS-DWP, PFS-DWP, OS-PFS-DWP). The performance of MT NAMs in the test set that jointly predicted the composite endpoints was evaluated using the C-index and compared to that of a single task (ST) NAM that predicted each endpoint separately. RESULTS The best testing performance in predicting OS and DWP was attained by the MT NAM that jointly predicted all endpoints (c-index = 0.65, 95% CI 0.58-0.71 for OS; c-index = 0.78, 95% CI 0.69-0.87 for DWP). The best model to predict PFS was also MT between PFS and DWP (c-index = 0.59, 95% CI 0.52-0.65). The c-indices of all ST NAMs were less than 0.56. The best MT NAMs significantly outperformed ST NAMs in predicting OS (p = 0.001) and DWP (p = 0.01) except for PFS (p = 0.32). The best MT NAM in predicting OS and DWP included ECOG score, atria-PTV overlap volume, D75% [Gy] to the left atrium (LA), pulmonary arterial volume, histology (adenocarcinoma), D65% [Gy] to the descending aorta (DA), V10 Gy [%] of the LA and CI in order of overall importance. ECOG score consistently ranked as the most important feature for all four MT NAMs. An increase of ECOG score from 0 to 2 indicated a 6-month earlier risk of mortality and DWP. Atria-PTV overlap volume and D65% [Gy] to the DA were included in all four MT NAMs. CONCLUSION MT AI models improved outcome prediction in patients with LANSCLC treated with CRT by jointly learning commonalities between the primary and auxiliary endpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - N Yegya-Raman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - L Duan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - B Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - C Friedes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - M Iocolano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - A Apte
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - J O Deasy
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Y Fan
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - G D Kao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - S J Feigenberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Y Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Thor M, Shepherd AF, Apte A, Gelblum D, Wu AJ, Simone CB, Chaft J, Rimner A, Gomez DR, Deasy JO, Shaverdian N. A Novel FDG PET and Mean Lung Dose Model to Identify Stage III NSCLC Patients at High Risk of Developing Early Radiation Pneumonitis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S169. [PMID: 37784422 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Early radiation pneumonitis (RPEarly) is a primary reason for the premature discontinuation of durvalumab consolidation and can lead to poor survival in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Currently, there are no RP risk models specifically tested for RPEarly. Here, we tested the applicability of published RP models for predicting RPEarly and explored the value of integrating pretreatment FDG-PET parameters. MATERIALS/METHODS The cohort consisted of all 178 LA-NSCLC patients treated with concurrent chemoradiation (cCRT) and durvalumab between May 2017 and December 2021. RPEarly was defined as RP occurring within three months of cCRT completion; late RP (RPLate) was defined as any later occurring RP. The three published RP models analyzed included: 1) Mean lung dose (MLD), 2) MLD, age, pulmonary comorbidity, smoking status, and tumor location, and 3) MLD, age and pulmonary comorbidity. In addition, pretreatment FDG PET-CT scans were used to calculate SUV parameters from auto-segmented normal lung contours: 10th- and 90th percentile (SUVP10, SUVP90), maximum, mean (SUVmean), minimum, and standard deviation. The RP models were fit to RPEarly, RPLate, and RPEarly+Late in the 178 patients. To assess the association between FDG PET parameters and RP unbiasedly, the cohort was then randomly split, but enforcing similar RP rates, into a two-thirds derivation and a one-third validation subset. Model performance was assessed by AUC, p-values and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test (pHL; ideally ∼0.50). RESULTS The rates of RPEarly, RPLate, and RPEarly+Late were 12%, 11%, and 23%, respectively (corresponding to 21, 20, and 41 events). Only the MLD model significantly predicted RPEarly (AUC = 0.70; p = 0.04; pHL = 0.84); none of the three models predicted RPLate or RPEarly+Late. Among the FDG PET parameters, SUVP10, SUVP90 and SUVmean predicted RPEarly with similar performance (AUC = 0.69-0.73; p = 0.005-0.01; pHL = 0.68-0.72), and, therefore, bivariate models were built between MLD and each of SUVP10, SUVP90 and SUVmean. Only the MLD + SUVP90 model generalized in the validation subset (AUC = 0.63; p = 0.03; pHL = 0.89) and was thus deemed the final model for RPEarly. A final re-fitting of all model coefficients to the whole cohort indicated improvement over using the published MLD alone model (AUC = 0.75 vs. 0.70; p-value = 0.0006 vs. 0.04; pHL = 0.67 vs. 0.84). Risk of RPEarly is thus estimated as: RPEarly = 1/(1 = e-x); x = -5.79 + (1.57*MLD) + (0.14* SUVP90). CONCLUSION Patients at risk for RPEarly can be accurately identified prior to treatment by combining a re-fitted version of the published Mean Lung Dose model and pre-treatment FDG PET SUVP90 of the normal lung. This refined model can be used to identify patients with an exacerbated risk for premature durvalumab discontinuation due to RPEarly and could allow for interventions and/or the generation of "RPEarly sparing" treatment plans to improve overall treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Thor
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - A F Shepherd
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - A Apte
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - D Gelblum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - A J Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | - J Chaft
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - A Rimner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - D R Gomez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - J O Deasy
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - N Shaverdian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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Smith RN, Nedergaard RM, Meyer CH, DeSousa N, Ghosh M, Blount Q, Apte A, Resnick S, Hennink MM. Psychological Impacts of Retained Bullets From the Perspective of Survivors. Am Surg 2023; 89:3732-3738. [PMID: 37148273 PMCID: PMC10725717 DOI: 10.1177/00031348231171121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite a high prevalence of retained bullet fragments (RBFs) after firearm related injury (FRI) there is limited data on the full spectrum of their consequences, particularly the psychological impacts on those injured. Further, the experiences of FRI survivors with RBFs are missing from existing literature. The objective of this study was to explore the psychological impacts of RBFs on individuals who have experienced recent FRI. METHODS Adult (18-65 years) survivors of FRI with radiographically confirmed RBFs were purposively selected from an urban Level 1 trauma center in Atlanta, Georgia, to participate in an in-depth interview. Interviews were conducted between March 2019 and February 2020. Thematic analysis was used to identify a range of psychological effects from RBFs. RESULTS Interviews from 24 FRI survivors were analyzed: the majority of participants were Black males (N = 22, 92%) with a mean age of 32 years whose FRI occurred ∼8.6 months prior to data collection. The psychological effects of RBFs were grouped into four categories: physical health (eg, pain, limited mobility), emotional well-being (eg, anger, fear), social isolation, and occupational welfare (eg, disability leading to inability to work). A range of coping mechanisms were also identified. CONCLUSION Survivors of FRI with RBFs experience a range of psychological impacts that are far-reaching and affect daily activities, mobility, pain and emotional wellbeing. Study results indicate a need for enhanced resources to support those with RBFs. Further, changes to clinical protocols are warranted on removal of RBFs and communication about the effects of leaving RBFs in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. N. Smith
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - R. M. Nedergaard
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- National Health Service, South East London, England, UK
| | - C. H. Meyer
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Grady Health System, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - N. DeSousa
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - M. Ghosh
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Q. Blount
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - A. Apte
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - M. M. Hennink
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Lin MF, Kochat V, Krishnamoorthy A, Bassman Oftelie L, Weninger C, Zheng Q, Zhang X, Apte A, Tiwary CS, Shen X, Li R, Kalia R, Ajayan P, Nakano A, Vashishta P, Shimojo F, Wang X, Fritz DM, Bergmann U. Author Correction: Ultrafast non-radiative dynamics of atomically thin MoSe 2. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4917. [PMID: 37582925 PMCID: PMC10427683 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40538-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Fu Lin
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Vidya Kochat
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Aravind Krishnamoorthy
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0242, USA
| | - Lindsay Bassman Oftelie
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0242, USA
| | - Clemens Weninger
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Qiang Zheng
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Amey Apte
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Xiaozhe Shen
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Renkai Li
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Rajiv Kalia
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0242, USA
| | - Pulickel Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Aiichiro Nakano
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0242, USA
| | - Priya Vashishta
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0242, USA
| | - Fuyuki Shimojo
- Department of Physics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Xijie Wang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - David M Fritz
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
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Yegya-Raman N, Kegelman T, Lee S, Kim K, Natarajan J, Kallan M, Levin W, Cengel K, Kao G, Langer C, Cohen R, Aggarwal C, Singh A, Adusumalli S, O'Quinn R, Ky B, Apte A, Deasy J, Xiao Y, Feigenberg S. Association Between Cardiovascular Substructure Dose and Death Without Progression after Chemoradiation for Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Subashi E, LoCastro E, Apte A, Zelefsky M, Tyagi N. Quantitative Relaxometry for Target Localization and Response Assessment in Ultra-Hypofractionated MR-Guided Radiotherapy to the Prostate and DIL. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Walls G, Giacometti V, Apte A, Thor M, McCann C, Hanna G, O'Connor J, Deasy J, Hounsell A, Butterworth K, Cole A, Jain S, McGarry C. P1.10-03 A Deep Learning Auto-Segmentation Tool for Cardiac Substructures in 4D Radiotherapy Planning for Locally Advanced Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Thor M, Zhu J, Apte A, Tran P, Oh J, Shepherd A, Rimner A, Tannenbaum A, Deasy J. PD-0162 Non-parametric modelling and validation to identify pericardial regions predisposing risk of death. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02767-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Apte A, Sathe S, Kawade R. Evaluation of success rate of Zirconia based restorations: A systematic review. J Clin Exp Dent 2022; 14:e756-e761. [PMID: 36158774 PMCID: PMC9498643 DOI: 10.4317/jced.59711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Thor M, Zhu J, Apte A, Oh J, Rimner A, Tannenbaum A, Deasy J. A Non-Parametric Analysis to Estimate Dose Distributions Associated With High-Risk vs. Low-Risk of Death in RTOG 0617. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Thor M, Shepherd A, Apte A, Offin M, Wu A, Gelblum D, Simone C, Rimner A, Gomez D, Deasy J, Shaverdian N. Pre-Treatment Immune-Related Markers Predict Disease Outcomes in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated With Chemoradiation and Durvalumab. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Haseltine J, Apte A, Jackson A, Yorke E, Yu A, Wu A, Peleg A, Al-Sadawi M, Iocolano M, Gelblum D, Shaverdian N, Simone, Ii C, Rimner A, Gomez D, Shepherd A. P27.02 Associating Cardiac Plaque Accumulation With Cardiac Toxicity and Overall Survival In Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Apte A, Shrivastava R, Sanghavi S, Mitra M, Ramanan PV, Chhatwal J, Jain S, Chowdhury J, Premkumar S, Kumar R, Palani A, Kaur G, Javadekar N, Kulkarni P, Macina D, Bavdekar A. Multicentric Hospital-Based Surveillance of Pertussis Amongst Infants Admitted in Tertiary Care Facilities in India. Indian Pediatr 2021; 58:709-717. [PMID: 34465657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the disease and economic burden of pertussis amongst hospitalised infants in India. DESIGN Multicentric hospital-based surveillance study. PARTICIPANTS Hospitalised infants with clinical suspicion of pertussis based on predefined criteria. OUTCOME MEASURES Proportion of infants with laboratory-confirmed pertussis, economic burden of pertussis amongst hospitalised infants. RESULTS 693 clinically suspected infants were recruited of which 32 (4.62%) infants had laboratory-confirmed pertussis. Progressive cough with post-tussive emesis (50%) and pneumonia (34%) were the common clinical presentations; apnea in young infants was significantly associated with pertussis. Infants with pertussis were more likely to be younger (median age 102.5 days vs.157 days) and born preterm (42.9% vs 24.5%). Almost 30% infants with pertussis had not received vaccine for pertussis with 50% of these infants aged less than 2 months. Pertussis was associated with higher costs of hospitalisation, pharmacy and loss of working days by caregivers as compared to non-pertussis cases. CONCLUSIONS Younger infants, those born preterm and those inadequately immunised against pertussis are at higher risk of pertussis infection. Timely childhood immunisation and introduction of maternal immunisation for pertussis can help in reducing the disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Apte
- Department of Pediatrics, KEM Hospital Research Centre, Pune, India
| | - R Shrivastava
- Department of Pediatrics, KEM Hospital Research Centre, Pune, India
| | - S Sanghavi
- Department of Pediatrics, KEM Hospital Research Centre, Pune, India
| | - M Mitra
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Child Heath, Kolkata, India
| | - P Venkat Ramanan
- Department of Pediatrics, Sri Ramachandra Medical Centre, Chennai, India
| | - J Chhatwal
- Department of Pediatrics, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India
| | - S Jain
- Department of Pediatrics, KEM Hospital Research Centre, Pune, India
| | - J Chowdhury
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Child Heath, Kolkata, India
| | - S Premkumar
- Department of Pediatrics, Sri Ramachandra Medical Centre, Chennai, India
| | - R Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India
| | - A Palani
- Department of Pediatrics, Sri Ramachandra Medical Centre, Chennai, India
| | - G Kaur
- Department of Pediatrics, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, India
| | - N Javadekar
- Department of Pediatrics, KEM Hospital Research Centre, Pune, India
| | - P Kulkarni
- Department of Pediatrics, KEM Hospital Research Centre, Pune, India
| | | | - A Bavdekar
- Department of Pediatrics, KEM Hospital Research Centre, Pune, India. Correspondence to: Dr Ashish Bavdekar, Associate Professor, Consultant Pediatric Gastroenterologist, Department of Pediatrics, KEM Hospital, Rasta Peth, Pune, Maharashtra 411 011.
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Apte A, Shrivastava R, Sanghavi S, Mitra M, Ramanan PV, Chhatwal J, Jain S, Chowdhury J, Premkumar S, Kumar R, Palani A, Kaur G, Javadekar N, Kulkarni P, Macina D, Bavdekar A. Multicentric Hospital-Based Surveillance of Pertussis Amongst Infants Admitted in Tertiary Care Facilities in India. Indian Pediatr 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13312-021-2276-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Iyer A, Chen I, Thor M, Wu A, Apte A, Rimner A, Gomez D, Deasy J, Jackson A. PD-0785 Personalized fractionation of ultracentral lung tumors using modeled outcomes from treated patients. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Jackson A, Wang C, Yorke E, Gelblum D, Apte A, Yang J, Rimner A, Wu A. PO-1545: Dose-volume factors predicting esophageal after SBRT for ultra-central lung tumors. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01563-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Puthirath AB, Shirodkar SN, Gao G, Hernandez FCR, Deng L, Dahal R, Apte A, Costin G, Chakingal N, Balan AP, Sassi LM, Tiwary CS, Vajtai R, Chu CW, Yakobson BI, Ajayan PM. Scale-Enhanced Magnetism in Exfoliated Atomically Thin Magnetite Sheets. Small 2020; 16:e2004208. [PMID: 33078566 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202004208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of ferromagnetism in atomically thin layers at room temperature widens the prospects of 2D materials for device applications. Recently, two independent experiments demonstrated magnetic ordering in two dissimilar 2D systems, CrI3 and Cr2 Ge2 Te6 , at low temperatures and in VSe2 at room temperature, but observation of intrinsic room-temperature magnetism in 2D materials is still a challenge. Here a transition at room temperature that increases the magnetization in magnetite while thinning down the bulk material to a few atom-thick sheets is reported. DC magnetization measurements prove ferrimagnetic ordering with increased magnetization and density functional theory calculations ascribe their origin to the low dimensionality of the magnetite layers. In addition, surface energy calculations for different cleavage planes in passivated magnetite crystal agree with the experimental observations of obtaining 2D sheets from non-van der Waals crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand B Puthirath
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Sharmila N Shirodkar
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Guanhui Gao
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Francisco C Robles Hernandez
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Mechanical Engineering Technology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Liangzi Deng
- Texas Center for Superconductivity and Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Rabin Dahal
- Texas Center for Superconductivity and Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Amey Apte
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Gelu Costin
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Nithya Chakingal
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Aravind Puthirath Balan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Lucas M Sassi
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Ching-Wu Chu
- Texas Center for Superconductivity and Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Boris I Yakobson
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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18
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Oh J, Katsoulakis E, Riaz N, Yu Y, Apte A, Leeman J, Katabi N, Morris L, Chan T, Hatzoglou V, Lee N, Deasy J. PO-1550: Radiomics characteristics correlate with immune activation and HPV status in head and neck cancer. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01568-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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19
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Yadav TP, Woellner CF, Sharifi T, Sinha SK, Qu LL, Apte A, Mukhopadhyay NK, Srivastava ON, Vajtai R, Galvão DS, Tiwary CS, Ajayan PM. Extraction of Two-Dimensional Aluminum Alloys from Decagonal Quasicrystals. ACS Nano 2020; 14:7435-7443. [PMID: 32469491 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Atomically thin metallic alloys are receiving increased attention due to their prospective applications as interconnects/contacts in two-dimensional (2D) circuits, sensors, and catalysts, among others. In this work, we demonstrate an easily scalable technique for the synthesis of 2D metallic alloys from their 3D quasicrystalline precursors. We have used aluminum (Al)-based single-phase decagonal quasicrystal Al66Co17Cu17 alloy to extract the corresponding 2D alloy structure. The 2D layered Al alloy possesses 2-fold decagonal quasicrystalline symmetry and consists of two- or three-layer-thick sheets with a lateral dimension of microns. These 2D metallic layers were combined with the atomic layers of tungsten disulfide to form the stacked heterostructures, which is demonstrated to be a stable and efficient catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thakur Prasad Yadav
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | | | - Tiva Sharifi
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Shyam Kanta Sinha
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Lu-Lu Qu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China
| | - Amey Apte
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - N K Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - O N Srivastava
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Douglas Soares Galvão
- Applied Physics Department and Center of Computational Engineering and Science, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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20
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Apte A, Mozaffari K, Samghabadi FS, Hachtel JA, Chang L, Susarla S, Idrobo JC, Moore DC, Glavin NR, Litvinov D, Sharma P, Puthirath AB, Ajayan PM. 2D Electrets of Ultrathin MoO 2 with Apparent Piezoelectricity. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e2000006. [PMID: 32374432 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Since graphene, a variety of 2D materials have been fabricated in a quest for a tantalizing combination of properties and desired physiochemical behavior. 2D materials that are piezoelectric, i.e., that allow for a facile conversion of electrical energy into mechanical and vice versa, offer applications for sensors, actuators, energy harvesting, stretchable and flexible electronics, and energy storage, among others. Unfortunately, materials must satisfy stringent symmetry requirements to be classified as piezoelectric. Here, 2D ultrathin single-crystal molybdenum oxide (MoO2 ) flakes that exhibit unexpected piezoelectric-like response are fabricated, as MoO2 is centrosymmetric and should not exhibit intrinsic piezoelectricity. However, it is demonstrated that the apparent piezoelectricity in 2D MoO2 emerges from an electret-like behavior induced by the trapping and stabilization of charges around defects in the material. Arguably, the material represents the first 2D electret material and suggests a route to artificially engineer piezoelectricity in 2D crystals. Specifically, it is found that the maximum out-of-plane piezoresponse is 0.56 pm V-1 , which is as strong as that observed in conventional 2D piezoelectric materials. The charges are found to be highly stable at room temperature with a trapping energy barrier of ≈2 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amey Apte
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Kosar Mozaffari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, 4726 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Farnaz Safi Samghabadi
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Houston, 4726 Calhoun Rd, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Jordan A Hachtel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Long Chang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Sandhya Susarla
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Idrobo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - David C Moore
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Nicholas R Glavin
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Dmitri Litvinov
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Houston, 4726 Calhoun Rd, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Pradeep Sharma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, 4726 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, 3507 Cullen Blvd, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Anand B Puthirath
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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21
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Glavin NR, Rao R, Varshney V, Bianco E, Apte A, Roy A, Ringe E, Ajayan PM. Emerging Applications of Elemental 2D Materials. Adv Mater 2020; 32:e1904302. [PMID: 31667920 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
As elemental main group materials (i.e., silicon and germanium) have dominated the field of modern electronics, their monolayer 2D analogues have shown great promise for next-generation electronic materials as well as potential game-changing properties for optoelectronics, energy, and beyond. These atomically thin materials composed of single atomic variants of group III through group VI elements on the periodic table have already demonstrated exciting properties such as near-room-temperature topological insulation in bismuthene, extremely high electron mobilities in phosphorene and silicone, and substantial Li-ion storage capability in borophene. Isolation of these materials within the postgraphene era began with silicene in 2010 and quickly progressed to the experimental identification or theoretical prediction of 15 of the 18 main group elements existing as solids at standard pressure and temperatures. This review first focuses on the significance of defects/functionalization, discussion of different allotropes, and overarching structure-property relationships of 2D main group elemental materials. Then, a complete review of emerging applications in electronics, sensing, spintronics, plasmonics, photodetectors, ultrafast lasers, batteries, supercapacitors, and thermoelectrics is presented by application type, including detailed descriptions of how the material properties may be tailored toward each specific application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R Glavin
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Rahul Rao
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, 45433, USA
- UES Inc., Beavercreek, OH, 45431, USA
| | - Vikas Varshney
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Elisabeth Bianco
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Amey Apte
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Ajit Roy
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Emilie Ringe
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EQ, UK
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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22
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Apte A, Krishnamoorthy A, Hachtel JA, Susarla S, Yoon J, Sassi LM, Bharadwaj P, Tour JM, Idrobo JC, Kalia RK, Nakano A, Vashishta P, Tiwary CS, Ajayan PM. Two-Dimensional Lateral Epitaxy of 2H (MoSe 2)-1T' (ReSe 2) Phases. Nano Lett 2019; 19:6338-6345. [PMID: 31356089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) heterostructures have been proposed as potential candidates for a variety of applications like quantum computing, neuromorphic computing, solar cells, and flexible field effective transistors. The 2D TMDC heterostructures at the present stage face difficulties being implemented in these applications because of lack of large and sharp heterostructure interfaces. Herein, we address this problem via a CVD technique to grow thermodynamically stable heterostructure of 2H/1T' MoSe2-ReSe2 using conventional transition metal phase diagrams as a reference. We demonstrate how the thermodynamics of mixing in the MoReSe2 system during CVD growth dictates the formation of atomically sharp interfaces between MoSe2 and ReSe2, which can be confirmed by high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy imaging, revealing zigzag selenium-terminated interface between the epitaxial 2H and 1T' lattices. Our work provides useful insights for understanding the stability of 2D heterostructures and interfaces between chemically, structurally, and electronically different phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amey Apte
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Aravind Krishnamoorthy
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90007 , United States
| | - Jordan A Hachtel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Sandhya Susarla
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Jongwon Yoon
- Department of Chemistry , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Lucas M Sassi
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Palash Bharadwaj
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - James M Tour
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
- Department of Chemistry , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Juan Carlos Idrobo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Rajiv K Kalia
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90007 , United States
| | - Aiichiro Nakano
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90007 , United States
| | - Priya Vashishta
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90007 , United States
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
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23
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Thor M, Fitzgerald K, Iyer A, Apte A, Oh J, Chaft J, Wu A, Offin M, Gelblum D, Deasy J, Rimner A. Predicting Tumor Progression in Early Stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Using Pre-treatment Imaging. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Jackson A, Wang C, Yorke E, Gelblum D, Apte A, Yang J, Rimner A, Wu A. Dose-volume Factors Predicting Radiation Pneumonitis after SBRT for Ultra-central Lung Tumors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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25
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Yu Y, Chen L, Riaz N, Kang J, Thor M, Veeraraghavan H, Apte A, Tsai C, Deasy J, Sherman E, Lee N, McBride S. Predictors of Early Response to Immunotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer: A Secondary Clinical and Radiomic Analysis of a Prospective Randomized Trial with Nivolumab. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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26
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Krishnamoorthy A, Lin MF, Zhang X, Weninger C, Ma R, Britz A, Tiwary CS, Kochat V, Apte A, Yang J, Park S, Li R, Shen X, Wang X, Kalia R, Nakano A, Shimojo F, Fritz D, Bergmann U, Ajayan P, Vashishta P. Optical Control of Non-Equilibrium Phonon Dynamics. Nano Lett 2019; 19:4981-4989. [PMID: 31260315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The light-induced selective population of short-lived far-from-equilibrium vibration modes is a promising approach for controlling ultrafast and irreversible structural changes in functional nanomaterials. However, this requires a detailed understanding of the dynamics and evolution of these phonon modes and their coupling to the excited-state electronic structure. Here, we combine femtosecond mega-electronvolt electron diffraction experiments on a prototypical layered material, MoTe2, with non-adiabatic quantum molecular dynamics simulations and ab initio electronic structure calculations to show how non-radiative energy relaxation pathways for excited electrons can be tuned by controlling the optical excitation energy. We show how the dominant intravalley and intervalley scattering mechanisms for hot and band-edge electrons leads to markedly different transient phonon populations evident in electron diffraction patterns. This understanding of how tuning optical excitations affect phonon populations and atomic motion is critical for efficiently controlling light-induced structural transitions of optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravind Krishnamoorthy
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Ming-Fu Lin
- Linac Coherent Light Source , Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
- Stanford PULSE Institute , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Clemens Weninger
- Linac Coherent Light Source , Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
- Stanford PULSE Institute , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Ruru Ma
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Alexander Britz
- Linac Coherent Light Source , Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
- Stanford PULSE Institute , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Vidya Kochat
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Amey Apte
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Jie Yang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Suji Park
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Renkai Li
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Xiaozhe Shen
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Xijie Wang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Rajiv Kalia
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Aiichiro Nakano
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Fuyuki Shimojo
- Department of Physics , Kumamoto University , Kumamoto 860-8555 , Japan
| | - David Fritz
- Linac Coherent Light Source , Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Stanford PULSE Institute , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Pulickel Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Priya Vashishta
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
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27
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Thor M, Deasy J, Iyer A, Bendau E, Fontanella A, Apte A, Yorke E, Rimner A, Jackson A. Toward personalized dose-prescription in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: Validation of published normal tissue complication probability models. Radiother Oncol 2019; 138:45-51. [PMID: 31146070 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify published normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models suitable for patient-specific dose-prescription in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) through in-house validation. MATERIAL AND METHODS From eight previously published candidate NTCP models (≥grade 2 acute esophagitis and radiation pneumonitis; AE2, RP2), patient-specific dose-responses were calculated using model variables and fractionation-corrected doses for 241 LA-NSCLC patients treated with chemo-IMRT to 50-80 Gy@1.8-2.0 Gy between 2004 and 2014 (AE2/RP2 rate: 50%/12%). A model was judged final if it significantly predicted AE2 or RP2 (p ≤ 0.05), was discriminative and well calibrated (AUC > 0.60; Hosmer-Lemeshow test pHL > 0.05), which were assessed as the median over 1000 bootstrap samples. RESULTS Models for AE2 had superior discrimination to RP2 models (AUC = 0.63-0.65 vs. 0.51-0.65). The final AE2 model included mean esophageal dose and concurrent chemotherapy (AUC = 0.65; p < 0.0001). The final RP2 model was a slightly adjusted version of the RP2 model with the best discrimination, and included age, mean lung dose, and pulmonary comorbidity (AUC = 0.73; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Of the eight investigated and published NTCP models, one model successfully described AE2 and one slightly adjusted model successfully described RP2 in the independent cohort. Estimates from these two NTCP models will, therefore, be considered internally when prescribing patient-specific doses in LA-NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Thor
- Dept. of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States.
| | - Jo Deasy
- Dept. of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States
| | - A Iyer
- Dept. of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States
| | - E Bendau
- Dept. of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States
| | - A Fontanella
- Dept. of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States
| | - A Apte
- Dept. of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States
| | - E Yorke
- Dept. of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States
| | - A Rimner
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States
| | - A Jackson
- Dept. of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, United States
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28
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Susarla S, Tsafack T, Owuor PS, Puthirath AB, Hachtel JA, Babu G, Apte A, Jawdat BI, Hilario MS, Lerma A, Calderon HA, Robles Hernandez FC, Tam DW, Li T, Lupini AR, Idrobo JC, Lou J, Wei B, Dai P, Tiwary CS, Ajayan PM. High-K dielectric sulfur-selenium alloys. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaau9785. [PMID: 31093523 PMCID: PMC6510557 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau9785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Upcoming advancements in flexible technology require mechanically compliant dielectric materials. Current dielectrics have either high dielectric constant, K (e.g., metal oxides) or good flexibility (e.g., polymers). Here, we achieve a golden mean of these properties and obtain a lightweight, viscoelastic, high-K dielectric material by combining two nonpolar, brittle constituents, namely, sulfur (S) and selenium (Se). This S-Se alloy retains polymer-like mechanical flexibility along with a dielectric strength (40 kV/mm) and a high dielectric constant (K = 74 at 1 MHz) similar to those of established metal oxides. Our theoretical model suggests that the principal reason is the strong dipole moment generated due to the unique structural orientation between S and Se atoms. The S-Se alloys can bridge the chasm between mechanically soft and high-K dielectric materials toward several flexible device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Susarla
- Department of Materials Science and Nano-engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Thierry Tsafack
- Department of Materials Science and Nano-engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Peter Samora Owuor
- Department of Materials Science and Nano-engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Anand B. Puthirath
- Department of Materials Science and Nano-engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Jordan A. Hachtel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Ganguli Babu
- Department of Materials Science and Nano-engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Amey Apte
- Department of Materials Science and Nano-engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - BenMaan I. Jawdat
- Department of Materials Science and Nano-engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Martin S. Hilario
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque, NM 87117, USA
| | | | - Hector A. Calderon
- Mechanical Engineering Technology, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | | | - David W. Tam
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Andrew R. Lupini
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Idrobo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Jun Lou
- Department of Materials Science and Nano-engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Bingqing Wei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Pengcheng Dai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Department of Materials Science and Nano-engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721302, India
| | - Pulickel M. Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and Nano-engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
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Susarla S, Hachtel JA, Yang X, Kutana A, Apte A, Jin Z, Vajtai R, Idrobo JC, Lou J, Yakobson BI, Tiwary CS, Ajayan PM. Thermally Induced 2D Alloy-Heterostructure Transformation in Quaternary Alloys. Adv Mater 2018; 30:e1804218. [PMID: 30198162 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201804218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Composition and phase specific 2D transition metal dichalogenides (2D TMDs) with a controlled electronic and chemical structure are essential for future electronics. While alloying allows bandgap tunability, heterostructure formation creates atomically sharp electronic junctions. Herein, the formation of lateral heterostructures from quaternary 2D TMD alloys, by thermal annealing, is demonstrated. Phase separation is observed through photoluminescence and Raman spectroscopy, and the sharp interface of the lateral heterostructure is examined via scanning transmission electron microscopy. The composition-dependent transformation is caused by existence of miscibility gap in the quaternary alloys. The phase diagram displaying the miscibility gap is obtained from the reciprocal solution model based on density functional theory and verified experimentally. The experiments show direct evidence of composition-driven heterostructure formation in 2D atomic layer systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Susarla
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Jordan A Hachtel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Xiting Yang
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Alex Kutana
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Amey Apte
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Zehua Jin
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Idrobo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Jun Lou
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Boris I Yakobson
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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Katsoulakis E, Oh J, Leeman J, Yu Y, Tsai C, McBride S, Katabi N, Apte A, Deasy J, Lee N, Hatzoglou V, Riaz N. Identifying Biological Subtypes of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) From Contrast Enhanced CT Scans Using Radiomic and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.06.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Puthirath Balan A, Radhakrishnan S, Woellner CF, Sinha SK, Deng L, Reyes CDL, Rao BM, Paulose M, Neupane R, Apte A, Kochat V, Vajtai R, Harutyunyan AR, Chu CW, Costin G, Galvao DS, Martí AA, van Aken PA, Varghese OK, Tiwary CS, Malie Madom Ramaswamy Iyer A, Ajayan PM. Exfoliation of a non-van der Waals material from iron ore hematite. Nat Nanotechnol 2018; 13:602-609. [PMID: 29736036 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-018-0134-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With the advent of graphene, the most studied of all two-dimensional materials, many inorganic analogues have been synthesized and are being exploited for novel applications. Several approaches have been used to obtain large-grain, high-quality materials. Naturally occurring ores, for example, are the best precursors for obtaining highly ordered and large-grain atomic layers by exfoliation. Here, we demonstrate a new two-dimensional material 'hematene' obtained from natural iron ore hematite (α-Fe2O3), which is isolated by means of liquid exfoliation. The two-dimensional morphology of hematene is confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Magnetic measurements together with density functional theory calculations confirm the ferromagnetic order in hematene while its parent form exhibits antiferromagnetic order. When loaded on titania nanotube arrays, hematene exhibits enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity. Our study indicates that photogenerated electrons can be transferred from hematene to titania despite a band alignment unfavourable for charge transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravind Puthirath Balan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Physics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Sruthi Radhakrishnan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristiano F Woellner
- Applied Physics Department and Center for Computational Engineering and Sciences, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Shyam K Sinha
- Stuttgart Center for Electron Microscopy, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Liangzi Deng
- Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Maggie Paulose
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ram Neupane
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amey Apte
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vidya Kochat
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Ching-Wu Chu
- Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Gelu Costin
- Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Douglas S Galvao
- Applied Physics Department and Center for Computational Engineering and Sciences, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Angel A Martí
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter A van Aken
- Stuttgart Center for Electron Microscopy, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Anantharaman Malie Madom Ramaswamy Iyer
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
- Department of Physics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, India.
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
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32
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Apte A, Kochat V, Rajak P, Krishnamoorthy A, Manimunda P, Hachtel JA, Idrobo JC, Syed Amanulla SA, Vashishta P, Nakano A, Kalia RK, Tiwary CS, Ajayan PM. Structural Phase Transformation in Strained Monolayer MoWSe 2 Alloy. ACS Nano 2018; 12:3468-3476. [PMID: 29481059 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials exhibit different mechanical properties from their bulk counterparts owing to their monolayer atomic thickness. Here, we have examined the mechanical behavior of 2D molybdenum tungsten diselenide (MoWSe2) precipitation alloy grown using chemical vapor deposition and composed of numerous nanoscopic MoSe2 and WSe2 regions. Applying a bending strain blue-shifted the MoSe2 and WSe2 A1g Raman modes with the stress concentrated near the precipitate interfaces predominantly affecting the WSe2 modes. In situ local Raman measurements suggested that the crack propagated primarily thorough MoSe2-rich regions in the monolayer alloy. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to study crack propagation in an MoSe2 monolayer containing nanoscopic WSe2 regions akin to the experiment. Raman spectra calculated from MD trajectories of crack propagation confirmed the emergence of intermediate peaks in the strained monolayer alloy, mirroring experimental results. The simulations revealed that the stress buildup around the crack tip caused an irreversible structural transformation from the 2H to 1T phase both in the MoSe2 matrix and WSe2 patches. This was corroborated by high-angle annular dark-field images. Crack branching and subsequent healing of a crack branch were also observed in WSe2, indicating the increased toughness and crack propagation resistance of the alloyed 2D MoWSe2 over the unalloyed counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amey Apte
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Vidya Kochat
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Pankaj Rajak
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and Department of Biological Sciences , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089-0242 , United States
| | - Aravind Krishnamoorthy
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and Department of Biological Sciences , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089-0242 , United States
| | | | - Jordan A Hachtel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Juan Carlos Idrobo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Science , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | | | - Priya Vashishta
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and Department of Biological Sciences , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089-0242 , United States
| | - Aiichiro Nakano
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and Department of Biological Sciences , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089-0242 , United States
| | - Rajiv K Kalia
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and Department of Biological Sciences , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089-0242 , United States
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
- Materials Science and Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology , Gandhinagar 382355 , Gujarat , India
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering , Rice University , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
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Lin MF, Kochat V, Krishnamoorthy A, Bassman Oftelie L, Weninger C, Zheng Q, Zhang X, Apte A, Tiwary CS, Shen X, Li R, Kalia R, Ajayan P, Nakano A, Vashishta P, Shimojo F, Wang X, Fritz DM, Bergmann U. Ultrafast non-radiative dynamics of atomically thin MoSe 2. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1745. [PMID: 29170416 PMCID: PMC5701075 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01844-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Photo-induced non-radiative energy dissipation is a potential pathway to induce structural-phase transitions in two-dimensional materials. For advancing this field, a quantitative understanding of real-time atomic motion and lattice temperature is required. However, this understanding has been incomplete due to a lack of suitable experimental techniques. Here, we use ultrafast electron diffraction to directly probe the subpicosecond conversion of photoenergy to lattice vibrations in a model bilayered semiconductor, molybdenum diselenide. We find that when creating a high charge carrier density, the energy is efficiently transferred to the lattice within one picosecond. First-principles nonadiabatic quantum molecular dynamics simulations reproduce the observed ultrafast increase in lattice temperature and the corresponding conversion of photoenergy to lattice vibrations. Nonadiabatic quantum simulations further suggest that a softening of vibrational modes in the excited state is involved in efficient and rapid energy transfer between the electronic system and the lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Fu Lin
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Vidya Kochat
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Aravind Krishnamoorthy
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0242, USA
| | - Lindsay Bassman Oftelie
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0242, USA
| | - Clemens Weninger
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Qiang Zheng
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Amey Apte
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Xiaozhe Shen
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Renkai Li
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Rajiv Kalia
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0242, USA
| | - Pulickel Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Aiichiro Nakano
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0242, USA
| | - Priya Vashishta
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0242, USA
| | - Fuyuki Shimojo
- Department of Physics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Xijie Wang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - David M Fritz
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
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34
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Kochat V, Apte A, Hachtel JA, Kumazoe H, Krishnamoorthy A, Susarla S, Idrobo JC, Shimojo F, Vashishta P, Kalia R, Nakano A, Tiwary CS, Ajayan PM. Re Doping in 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides as a New Route to Tailor Structural Phases and Induced Magnetism. Adv Mater 2017; 29:1703754. [PMID: 28990227 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201703754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Alloying in 2D results in the development of new, diverse, and versatile systems with prospects in bandgap engineering, catalysis, and energy storage. Tailoring structural phase transitions using alloying is a novel idea with implications in designing all 2D device architecture as the structural phases in 2D materials such as transition metal dichalcogenides are correlated with electronic phases. Here, this study develops a new growth strategy employing chemical vapor deposition to grow monolayer 2D alloys of Re-doped MoSe2 with show composition tunable structural phase variations. The compositions where the phase transition is observed agree well with the theoretical predictions for these 2D systems. It is also shown that in addition to the predicted new electronic phases, these systems also provide opportunities to study novel phenomena such as magnetism which broadens the range of their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Kochat
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Amey Apte
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Jordan A Hachtel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Kumazoe
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Department of Physics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Aravind Krishnamoorthy
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Sandhya Susarla
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Idrobo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Fuyuki Shimojo
- Department of Physics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Priya Vashishta
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Rajiv Kalia
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Aiichiro Nakano
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | | | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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Zakian K, Vargas H, Iyer A, Tyagi N, Apte A, Kollmeier M, Mychalczak B, Borofsky K, Cahlon O, Hunt M, Sala E, Zelefsky M. Changes in Multimodality MRI Characteristics Following SBRT in Prostate Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.2394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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36
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Crispin-Ortuzar M, Apte A, Grkovski M, Oh J, Lee N, Humm J, Deasy J. Combined FDG and CT Radiomics Features Predict FMISO Uptake in Head and Neck Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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37
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Susarla S, Kutana A, Hachtel JA, Kochat V, Apte A, Vajtai R, Idrobo JC, Yakobson BI, Tiwary CS, Ajayan PM. Quaternary 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) with Tunable Bandgap. Adv Mater 2017; 29:1702457. [PMID: 28707411 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Alloying/doping in 2D material is important due to wide range bandgap tunability. Increasing the number of components would increase the degree of freedom which can provide more flexibility in tuning the bandgap and also reduces the growth temperature. Here, synthesis of quaternary alloys Mox W1-x S2y Se2(1-y) is reported using chemical vapor deposition. The composition of alloys is tuned by changing the growth temperatures. As a result, the bandgap can be tuned which varies from 1.61 to 1.85 eV. The detailed theoretical calculation supports the experimental observation and shows a possibility of wide tunability of bandgap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Susarla
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Alex Kutana
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Jordan A Hachtel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Vidya Kochat
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Amey Apte
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Robert Vajtai
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Idrobo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Boris I Yakobson
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | | | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Materials Science and Nano Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
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von Reibnitz D, Yorke E, Oh J, Apte A, Wu A, Fleisher M, Gelb E, Deasy J, Rimner A. Alpha-2-Macroglobulin as a Radioprotective Factor in Patients Undergoing Thoracic Radiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.1809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Gay H, Deasy J, Apte A, Daly M, Adkins D, Rich J, Michel L, Wildes T, Dyk P, Mullen D, Eschen L, Chin R, Nussenbaum B, Haughey B, Thorstad W, Oh J. Predictors of Acute Throat or Esophageal Pain During Radiation Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.1618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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40
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Farjam R, Tyagi N, Veeraraghavan H, Apte A, Zakian K, Hunt M, Deasy J. TU-AB-BRA-03: Atlas-Based Algorithms with Local Registration-Goodness Weighting for MRI-Driven Electron Density Mapping. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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41
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Berry S, Jedruszczuk K, Veeraraghavan H, Apte A, Saleh Z, Hunt M. WE-H-BRC-07: Validation of a Commercial Atlas Based Auto-Segmentation Package For Automated Contour Quality Control. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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42
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Tyagi N, Sutton E, Hunt M, Apte A, Zhang J, Oh J, Mechalakos J, Mehrara B, Matros E, Ho A. SU-D-207B-04: Morphological Features of MRI as a Correlate of Capsular Contracture in Breast Cancer Patients with Implant-Based Reconstructions. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4955672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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43
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Farjam R, Tyagi N, Veeraraghavan H, Apte A, Zakian K, Hunt M, Deasy J. OC-0155: MR-guided multi-atlas based synthetic CT for MR-only radiotherapy of head and neck cancer patients. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)31404-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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44
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Apte A, Walsh M, Chandrasekharan S, Chakravorty A. Single-stage immediate breast reconstruction with acellular dermal matrix: Experience gained and lessons learnt from patient reported outcome measures. Eur J Surg Oncol 2015; 42:39-44. [PMID: 26651226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acellular Dermal Matrix (ADM) assisted breast reconstruction has transformed the single-stage Immediate Breast Reconstruction (IBR) with an impact on the cosmetic outcomes. However, there is limited data available on patient reported outcomes. This study highlights the Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs), post-operative complications and lessons learnt from ADM assisted single-stage immediate breast reconstruction. METHODS This prospective study enrolled consecutive patients from Feb 2012 - May 2015 undergoing mastectomy with direct-to-implant ADM assisted breast reconstruction, using Strattice™ (Acelity, San Antonio, TX, USA). Patients were recruited from the beginning of our unit's use of ADMs and completed a post-operative questionnaire at 6 weeks, covering pre-operative, operative and post-operative outcomes. Information on tumour biology and post-operative complications was obtained from the medical notes. RESULTS This study included 49 patients undergoing a total of 53 procedures. Following surgery 93.3% of women reported a high level of body confidence when clothed. 6.7% of patients reported severe post-operative pain during the first week. Mean length of hospital stay was 1.7 days, return to light activities was within 2.5 weeks and normal activities in 5.4 weeks. Implant loss at 3 months occurred in 5.7% of procedures, of which two thirds were smokers. CONCLUSIONS PROMs for Strattice™ ADM based reconstruction show high levels of satisfaction with cosmetic outcomes, low incidences of severe post-operative pain and a short recovery process. PROMs help us to better describe patients' experience, allowing women to make more informed choices about ADM based breast reconstruction, which reassures and helps to achieve better outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Apte
- Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust, Colchester General Hospital, Turner Rd, Essex, CO4 5JL, UK.
| | - M Walsh
- Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust, Colchester General Hospital, Turner Rd, Essex, CO4 5JL, UK.
| | - S Chandrasekharan
- Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust, Colchester General Hospital, Turner Rd, Essex, CO4 5JL, UK.
| | - A Chakravorty
- Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust, Colchester General Hospital, Turner Rd, Essex, CO4 5JL, UK.
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Kumar V, Patil V, Apte A, Harale N, Patil P, Kulkarni S. Ultrasensitive Gold Nanostar-Polyaniline Composite for Ammonia Gas Sensing. Langmuir 2015; 31:13247-13256. [PMID: 26522375 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Gold in the form of bulk metal mostly does not react with gases or liquids at room temperature. On the other hand, nanoparticles of gold are very reactive and useful as catalysts. The reactivity of nanoparticles depends on the size and the morphology of the nanoparticles. Gold nanostars containing copper have rough surfaces and large numbers of active sites due to tips, sides, corners, and large surface area-to-volume ratios due to their branched morphology. Here the sensitivity of the gold nanostar-polyaniline composite (average size of nanostars ∼170 nm) toward ammonia gas has been investigated. For 100 ppm ammonia, the sensitivity of the composite increased to 52% from a mere 7% value for pure polyaniline. The gold nanostar-polyaniline composite even showed a response time as short as 15 s at room temperature. The gold nanostars act as a catalyst in the nanocomposite. The stability and sensitivity at different concentrations and the selectivity for ammonia gas were also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vished Kumar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Vithoba Patil
- Thin Film Materials Laboratory, Department of Physics, Shivaji University , Kolhapur 416004, India
| | - Amey Apte
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Namdev Harale
- Thin Film Materials Laboratory, Department of Physics, Shivaji University , Kolhapur 416004, India
| | - Pramod Patil
- Thin Film Materials Laboratory, Department of Physics, Shivaji University , Kolhapur 416004, India
| | - Sulabha Kulkarni
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
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Robinson C, Fontanella A, Abraham C, Oh J, Apte A, Mullen D, Deasy J. Validating a Mechanistic Tumor Control Probability (TCP) Model Applied to Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Brain Metastases Treated With Single-Fraction Radiosurgery (SRS). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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47
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Oh J, Sutton E, Veeraraghavan H, Apte A, Morris E, Deasy J. TU-AB-BRA-09: Radiomics and Radiogenomics for Breast Cancer Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4925514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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48
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Apte A. WE-D-201-02: Walk-Through of CERR Capabilities. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4925955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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49
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Fanchon L, Apte A, Dzyubak O, Mageras G, Yorke E, Visvikis D, Hatt M, Solomon S, Kirov A. WE-AB-BRA-04: Evaluation of the Tumor Registration Error in Biopsy Procedures Performed Under Real Time PET/CT Guidance. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4925857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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50
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Apte A, Veeraraghavan H, Tyagi N, Kijewski P, Deasy J. SU-E-J-213: Visualization of Scans and Metrics for Longitudinal Informatics. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4924299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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