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Falcón-Cama V, Montero-González T, Acosta-Medina EF, Guillen-Nieto G, Berlanga-Acosta J, Fernández-Ortega C, Alfonso-Falcón A, Gilva-Rodríguez N, López-Nocedo L, Cremata-García D, Matos-Terrero M, Pentón-Rol G, Valdés I, Oramas-Díaz L, Suarez-Batista A, Noa-Romero E, Cruz-Sui O, Sánchez D, Borrego-Díaz AI, Valdés-Carreras JE, Vizcaino A, Suárez-Alba J, Valdés-Véliz R, Bergado G, González MA, Hernandez T, Alvarez-Arzola R, Ramírez-Suárez AC, Casillas-Casanova D, Lemos-Pérez G, Blanco-Águila OR, Díaz A, González Y, Bequet-Romero M, Marín-Prida J, Hernández-Perera JC, Del Rosario-Cruz L, Marin-Díaz AP, González-Bravo M, Borrajero I, Acosta-Rivero N. Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in postmortem lung, kidney, and liver samples, revealing cellular targets involved in COVID-19 pathogenesis. Arch Virol 2023; 168:96. [PMID: 36842152 PMCID: PMC9968404 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05711-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to understand severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-host interactions involved in virus spread and pathogenesis, which might contribute to the identification of new therapeutic targets. In this study, we investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in postmortem lung, kidney, and liver samples of patients who died with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and its relationship with host factors involved in virus spread and pathogenesis, using microscopy-based methods. The cases analyzed showed advanced stages of diffuse acute alveolar damage and fibrosis. We identified the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (NC) in a variety of cells, colocalizing with mitochondrial proteins, lipid droplets (LDs), and key host proteins that have been implicated in inflammation, tissue repair, and the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle (vimentin, NLRP3, fibronectin, LC3B, DDX3X, and PPARγ), pointing to vimentin and LDs as platforms involved not only in the viral life cycle but also in inflammation and pathogenesis. SARS-CoV-2 isolated from a patient´s nasal swab was grown in cell culture and used to infect hamsters. Target cells identified in human tissue samples included lung epithelial and endothelial cells; lipogenic fibroblast-like cells (FLCs) showing features of lipofibroblasts such as activated PPARγ signaling and LDs; lung FLCs expressing fibronectin and vimentin and macrophages, both with evidence of NLRP3- and IL1β-induced responses; regulatory cells expressing immune-checkpoint proteins involved in lung repair responses and contributing to inflammatory responses in the lung; CD34+ liver endothelial cells and hepatocytes expressing vimentin; renal interstitial cells; and the juxtaglomerular apparatus. This suggests that SARS-CoV-2 may directly interfere with critical lung, renal, and liver functions involved in COVID-19-pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Falcón-Cama
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31 be/ 158 and 190, Cubanacán, Playa, PO Box 6162, 10699, Havana, Cuba. .,Latin American School of Medicine, Calle Panamericana Km 3 1/2, Playa, 11600, Havana, Cuba.
| | | | - Emilio F Acosta-Medina
- Center for Advanced Studies of Cuba, Havana, Cuba. .,Latin American School of Medicine, Calle Panamericana Km 3 1/2, Playa, 11600, Havana, Cuba.
| | - Gerardo Guillen-Nieto
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31 be/ 158 and 190, Cubanacán, Playa, PO Box 6162, 10699, Havana, Cuba.,Latin American School of Medicine, Calle Panamericana Km 3 1/2, Playa, 11600, Havana, Cuba
| | - Jorge Berlanga-Acosta
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31 be/ 158 and 190, Cubanacán, Playa, PO Box 6162, 10699, Havana, Cuba.,Latin American School of Medicine, Calle Panamericana Km 3 1/2, Playa, 11600, Havana, Cuba
| | - Celia Fernández-Ortega
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31 be/ 158 and 190, Cubanacán, Playa, PO Box 6162, 10699, Havana, Cuba.,Latin American School of Medicine, Calle Panamericana Km 3 1/2, Playa, 11600, Havana, Cuba
| | | | - Nathalie Gilva-Rodríguez
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31 be/ 158 and 190, Cubanacán, Playa, PO Box 6162, 10699, Havana, Cuba
| | - Lilianne López-Nocedo
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31 be/ 158 and 190, Cubanacán, Playa, PO Box 6162, 10699, Havana, Cuba
| | - Daina Cremata-García
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31 be/ 158 and 190, Cubanacán, Playa, PO Box 6162, 10699, Havana, Cuba
| | - Mariuska Matos-Terrero
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31 be/ 158 and 190, Cubanacán, Playa, PO Box 6162, 10699, Havana, Cuba
| | - Giselle Pentón-Rol
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31 be/ 158 and 190, Cubanacán, Playa, PO Box 6162, 10699, Havana, Cuba.,Latin American School of Medicine, Calle Panamericana Km 3 1/2, Playa, 11600, Havana, Cuba
| | - Iris Valdés
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31 be/ 158 and 190, Cubanacán, Playa, PO Box 6162, 10699, Havana, Cuba
| | - Leonardo Oramas-Díaz
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31 be/ 158 and 190, Cubanacán, Playa, PO Box 6162, 10699, Havana, Cuba
| | - Anamarys Suarez-Batista
- Department of Virology, Civilian Defense Scientific Research Center (CICDC), Havana, Mayabeque, Cuba
| | - Enrique Noa-Romero
- Department of Virology, Civilian Defense Scientific Research Center (CICDC), Havana, Mayabeque, Cuba
| | - Otto Cruz-Sui
- Department of Virology, Civilian Defense Scientific Research Center (CICDC), Havana, Mayabeque, Cuba
| | | | | | | | | | - José Suárez-Alba
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31 be/ 158 and 190, Cubanacán, Playa, PO Box 6162, 10699, Havana, Cuba
| | - Rodolfo Valdés-Véliz
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31 be/ 158 and 190, Cubanacán, Playa, PO Box 6162, 10699, Havana, Cuba
| | - Gretchen Bergado
- Direction of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Miguel A González
- Direction of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Tays Hernandez
- Direction of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Rydell Alvarez-Arzola
- Direction of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center of Molecular Immunology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Anna C Ramírez-Suárez
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31 be/ 158 and 190, Cubanacán, Playa, PO Box 6162, 10699, Havana, Cuba
| | - Dionne Casillas-Casanova
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31 be/ 158 and 190, Cubanacán, Playa, PO Box 6162, 10699, Havana, Cuba
| | - Gilda Lemos-Pérez
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31 be/ 158 and 190, Cubanacán, Playa, PO Box 6162, 10699, Havana, Cuba
| | | | | | | | - Mónica Bequet-Romero
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB), Ave 31 be/ 158 and 190, Cubanacán, Playa, PO Box 6162, 10699, Havana, Cuba
| | - Javier Marín-Prida
- Center for Research and Biological Evaluations, Institute of Pharmacy and Food, University of Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | | | | | - Alina P Marin-Díaz
- International Orthopedic Scientific Complex 'Frank Pais Garcia', Havana, Cuba
| | - Maritza González-Bravo
- Latin American School of Medicine, Calle Panamericana Km 3 1/2, Playa, 11600, Havana, Cuba
| | | | - Nelson Acosta-Rivero
- Center for Protein Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Habana, Calle 25 entre J e I, #455, Plaza de la Revolucion, 10400, Havana, Cuba. .,Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre for Integrative Infectious Disease Research (CIID), Molecular Virology, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, INF 344, GO.1, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Mondeja B, Valdes O, Resik S, Vizcaino A, Acosta E, Montalván A, Paez A, Mune M, Rodríguez R, Valdés J, Gonzalez G, Sanchez D, Falcón V, González Y, Kourí V, Díaz A, Guzmán M. SARS-CoV-2: preliminary study of infected human nasopharyngeal tissue by high resolution microscopy. Virol J 2021; 18:149. [PMID: 34275492 PMCID: PMC8286443 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01620-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is the etiological agent of COVID-19. This virus has become one of the most dangerous in recent times with a very high rate of transmission. At present, several publications show the typical crown-shape of the novel coronavirus grown in cell cultures. However, an integral ultramicroscopy study done directly from clinical specimens has not been published. METHODS Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 12 Cuban individuals, six asymptomatic and RT-PCR negative (negative control) and six others from a COVID-19 symptomatic and RT-PCR positive for SARS CoV-2. Samples were treated with an aldehyde solution and processed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal microscopy (CM) and, atomic force microscopy. Improvement and segmentation of coronavirus images were performed by a novel mathematical image enhancement algorithm. RESULTS The images of the negative control sample showed the characteristic healthy microvilli morphology at the apical region of the nasal epithelial cells. As expected, they do not display virus-like structures. The images of the positive sample showed characteristic coronavirus-like particles and evident destruction of microvilli. In some regions, virions budding through the cell membrane were observed. Microvilli destruction could explain the anosmia reported by some patients. Virus-particles emerging from the cell-surface with a variable size ranging from 80 to 400 nm were observed by SEM. Viral antigen was identified in the apical cells zone by CM. CONCLUSIONS The integral microscopy study showed that SARS-CoV-2 has a similar image to SARS-CoV. The application of several high-resolution microscopy techniques to nasopharyngeal samples awaits future use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Mondeja
- Center for Advanced Studies of Cuba (CEA), La Habana, Cuba.
| | - Odalys Valdes
- Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kourí" (IPK), La Habana, Cuba
| | - Sonia Resik
- Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kourí" (IPK), La Habana, Cuba
| | | | - Emilio Acosta
- Center for Advanced Studies of Cuba (CEA), La Habana, Cuba
| | | | - Amira Paez
- Center for Advanced Studies of Cuba (CEA), La Habana, Cuba
| | - Mayra Mune
- Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kourí" (IPK), La Habana, Cuba
| | - Roberto Rodríguez
- Institute of Cybernetics, Mathematics, and Physics of Cuba (ICIMAF), La Habana, Cuba
| | - Juan Valdés
- Center for Advanced Studies of Cuba (CEA), La Habana, Cuba
| | - Guelsys Gonzalez
- Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kourí" (IPK), La Habana, Cuba
| | - Daisy Sanchez
- Center for Advanced Studies of Cuba (CEA), La Habana, Cuba
| | - Viviana Falcón
- Center of Genetic Engineer and Biotechnology of Cuba (CIGB), La Habana, Cuba
| | | | - Vivian Kourí
- Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kourí" (IPK), La Habana, Cuba
| | | | - Angelina Díaz
- Center for Advanced Studies of Cuba (CEA), La Habana, Cuba
| | - María Guzmán
- Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kourí" (IPK), La Habana, Cuba
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Rodríguez R, Mondeja BA, Valdés O, Resik S, Vizcaino A, Acosta EF, González Y, Kourí V, Díaz A, Guzmán MG. SARS-CoV-2: enhancement and segmentation of high-resolution microscopy images-Part I. Signal Image Video Process 2021; 15:1713-1721. [PMID: 33907588 PMCID: PMC8063193 DOI: 10.1007/s11760-021-01912-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Possibly, and due to poor eating habits and unhealthy lifestyle, many viruses are transmitted to human people. Such is the case, of the novel coronavirus SARS-Cov-2, which has expanded of exponential way, practically, to whole world population. For this reason, the enhancement of real microscopic images of this coronavirus is of great importance. Of this way, one can highlight the S-spikes and visualizing those areas that show a high density, which are related to active zones of viral germination and major spread of the virus. The SARS-Cov-2 images were captured from nasopharyngeal samples of Cuban symptomatic individuals (RT-PCR positives for SARS-CoV-2) and processed via scanning electron microscopy. However, many times these microscopic images present some blurring problems, and the S-spikes do not look well defined. Therefore, the aim of this work is to propose new computational methods to carry out enhancement and segmentation of SARS-Cov-2 high-resolution microscopic images. The proposed strategy obtained very satisfactory results, and we validated its performance, together with specialist physicians, on a set of 1005 images. Due to the importance of the obtained results, this first work will be addressed to the application of the proposed algorithm. A second paper will deeply analyze the theory related to these algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Rodríguez
- Institute of Cybernetics, Mathematics and Physics (ICIMAF), La Habana, Cuba
| | | | - Odalys Valdés
- Institute of Tropical Medicine ¨Pedro Kourí ¨ (IPK), Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba
| | - Sonia Resik
- Institute of Tropical Medicine ¨Pedro Kourí ¨ (IPK), Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba
| | | | | | | | - Vivian Kourí
- Institute of Tropical Medicine ¨Pedro Kourí ¨ (IPK), Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba
| | - Angelina Díaz
- Center for Advanced Studies of Cuba (CEA), Valle Grande, Cuba
| | - María G. Guzmán
- Institute of Tropical Medicine ¨Pedro Kourí ¨ (IPK), Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba
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Arnedo-Pena A, Romeu-Gracia MA, Bellido-Blasco JB, Meseguer-Ferrer N, Silvestre-Silvestre E, Conde F, Fernández-González S, Dubon MA, Ortuño-Forcada M, Fabregat-Puerto J, Fenollosa-Amposta C, Segura-Navas L, Pac-Sa MR, Museros-Recatala L, Vizcaino A, Tosca-Segura R. Incidence of allergic rhinitis in a cohort of young adults from 13-15 years old to 23-25 years old in Castellon (Spain). Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2017; 45:251-257. [PMID: 27863816 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to estimate the incidence of Allergic Rhinitis (AR) in young adults and its risk or protective factors. METHODS A population-based prospective cohort study was carried out in 2012. The cohort participated in the International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood in Castellon in 1994 and 2002. A telephone survey was conducted using the same questionnaires. A new case of AR was defined as the participants free of the disease in 2002, who self-reported suffering from AR or taking medications for AR in the period 2002-2012. RESULTS Of the 1805 schoolchildren in the cohort in 2002, 1435 young adults (23-25 years old) participated (follow-up 79.1%) in 2012; 743 were female and 692 male; their mean age was 24.9±0.6 years. Two hundred new cases of AR occurred in 1259 participants free of the disease with an incidence of 17.3 per 1000 person-years, and the incidence increased from 2002 (RR=1.42; 95% CI 1.15-1.75). The risk factors of AR adjusted by age and gender were sinusitis (RR=1.77; 95% CI 1.16-2.68), atopic dermatitis (RR=1.51; 95% CI 1.11-2.06) and constant exposure to truck traffic (RR=1.88; 95% CI 1.12-3.17). For male participants, the risk factors were asthma, sinusitis and atopic dermatitis, and for females bronchitis was a risk factor and presence of older siblings a protective factor. CONCLUSIONS An increase in AR incidence was observed. Sinusitis, atopic dermatitis and constant exposure to truck traffic were the risk factors of the AR with some differences by gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arnedo-Pena
- Epidemiologic Division, Public Health Center, Castellon, Spain(1); CIBER: Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - J B Bellido-Blasco
- Epidemiologic Division, Public Health Center, Castellon, Spain(1); CIBER: Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - F Conde
- Public Health Center, Castellon, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mª R Pac-Sa
- International Health, Sanidad Exterior, Castellon, Spain
| | | | - A Vizcaino
- Epidemiologic Division, Public Health Center, Castellon, Spain(1)
| | - R Tosca-Segura
- Service of Pediatrics, Hospital General, Castellon, Spain
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